Population Health and Wellbeing: A Community Health Profile of Tower Hamlet Council

This report provides a community health profile of Tower Hamlet Council, highlighting public health priorities and issues related to vulnerable and disadvantaged groups. It includes data on life expectancy, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking prevalence, road accidents, STDs, tuberculosis, and mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases.

ADDING
POPULATION AND
HEALTH
WELLBEING

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................1
COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILE..............................................................................................2
IMPLICATION OF THE FINDING...............................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Public health is defined as the science or the defined as the art which is helpful to prevent
the disease and illness. Public health is referring as the science which help to protect and use to
improve the health of communities through the aspect of education, as per this, the policy
making and the research for the disease and they have injury prevention. In this, the selected
local authority for the report is Tower Hamlet council where the short profile and long profile is
taking into the consideration that help to provide the finding and key consideration are being
discussed with the relevant definition of community need and their source which is relatable with
the long and short profile (Chandak and et. al., 2020).
BACKGROUND
In this, the community health assessment is defined as the CHA which also known as the
health need assessment which is based on the community. They are used to refer which
associated with state, tribal, local or the territorial assessment which is identified as the key
health ned and the issue which is go through the systematic and the comprehensive data
collection and analysis. It is important and play vital role in the development of facilities which
is showing lack and they are competing with other in order to provide quality of health. Whereas,
the Tower Hamlet facing issue with the various issue which include health issue and health
inequalities. The community health profile includes both previously identified with the various
health issue and the determination of the new and emerging issue which is commonly based upon
the community (Fraser and et. al., 2019).
In this, the community interpretation and the analysis are used to show the health aspect
which is based on the data in profile which is particularly important. Whereas, the community
profile is used to determine the strength, weakness, needs and the problem of the community
which used to decide on the health services which help to justify of various resources. Moreover,
the assessment of the heath need that show the health visiting contribution to the public. In
addition to this, the monitoring is usually works as a dynamic process which is used to collect the
data which is related with health and disease. Moreover, the monitoring is wide concept when it
is taken into account for the health profiling and assessment. As per this, they are used to focus
on the various determinant in the population over the defined which time period which is
descriptive epidemiology (Söderberg and et. al., 2018). Therefore, surveillance is the more
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intensive form of data which is based on recording than the monitoring. The monitoring is the
major aspect which is based on the different community health assessment and health profile that
they make more important. In this, the community assessment which is based on the different
factor which make the cause towards the data that make more reliable information (Kothari and
et. al., 2019).
COMMUNITY HEALTH PROFILE
While taking the contrast of short profile of tower hamlets, the local authority council is
used to show the summary of health that indicate that the people of tower hamlets is usually very
compared with the England average. The tower Hamlet is one of the 20% more deprived district
in England and about 30% of the children is living in the low-income families. Moreover, the
health inequalities are also measured in the various areas of tower hamlets and while taking the
short profile of adult health, the rate of alcohol related harm hospital admission is 493 betters
than the average for England. They also represent 1085 admission which is associated with
alcoholism and self-harm related issues. As per this, the health summary of tower hamlets which
is associated with the short profile explain that the life expectancy at birth for the 70.3 as a local
and while taking the contrast of region it is 80.7 that is significantly better. In this, the life
expectancy at birth for the female is shown on the local value is approximate 83.2 that is not
significantly different but as a region wise it is significantly better by showing the value of 84.5
% (Mason and et. al., 2018).
Moreover, the under 75 mortality rates for all the causes which is below 75 years are
showing condition that is 360.1 and it is significantly better. While taking the contrast of region,
that is 303.3. These all data are associated with the life expectancy and causes of death that
shows the condition related with the mortality rate from the cardiovascular diseases, cancer, or
the suicide rate is significantly greater while taking the contrast of region. With the context with
local aspect, it is not significantly different. The condition which is analysed in the tower Hamlet
for the life expenses and causes of death are showing the scenarios that is significantly better and
enhancing and decreasing as for the change of environment. While taking the context of long
profile of the public health England and the study area is associated with tower Hamlet. it is
analysed that the tower Hamlet have a total population of 3,24,745 and England have 56,286,961
number of populations the England have a higher population when it's compared to the tower
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Hamlet. The long profile is taking into the consideration that and this is analysed that the people
of the tower Hamlet have low income as compared with the England (Mehrizi and et. al., 2020).
In area of deprivation, it shows that income deprivation number of people of Tower
Hamlets is 56,287 in comparison to England which have a 70,36,442. Here, income deprivation
that have the English indices of deprivation in 2019 that Tower Hamlet contains 19.2 % whereas
England is having 12.9% resource that deprivation is higher and worse than England. In order to
ensure about the child poverty, it can be analyzed that there is 26.6 % of deprivation in Tower
Hamlets where England is having 17.1 % of deprivation in the child poverty. This shows that
there is a higher population within Tower Hamlet are facing poverty in comparison to England.
In order to ensure about the deprivation within older people, it can be analyzed that there is a
large difference in the deprivation of a Tower Hamlet and England. Tower Hamlet has 44% of
deprivation whereas England has only 14.2 % of deprivation. When it compare about housing
and living environment indicator, it can be analyzed that there are three categories of indicator
that includes older people living alone, overcrowded houses, fuel poverty that provide the
indication related with people for household within Tower Hamlets and England (Sidaway-Lee
and et. al., 2019). This include older people living alone in Tower Hamlets are 6,038 whereas,
people in England are 2,725,596. There is also overcrowded house in Tower Hamlets are 35,235
whereas, within England it is 1,928,596. It can also observed that fuel poverty within year 2018
was in Tower Hamlets was 1,018 whereas, England has 2,400,297. To provide the information
about the housing and living environment indicator in percentage, it can be analyzed that older
people living alone are higher in a Tower Hamlet in comparison to England. It provide the
information that Tower Hamlets have 38.8% of older people who are living alone whereas, there
are only 31.5 % of older people living alone with in England. It also provide the data that
overcrowded house in the tower hamlets are much higher than England within year 2011 in
percentage. Tower hamlets has 304.8% overcrowded houses whereas England has only 8.7 % of
overcrowded houses within country.
In area of employment, there is indicators include unemployment percentage and long-
term unemployment within Tower Hamlet and England. In this, there is unemployment
percentage in Tower Hamlets 3.3 whereas England has 2.8 in comparison to long-term
unemployment. It can be observed that there are 3.4 person in Tower Helmet over per thousand
people whereas England has 3.2 people per thousand people.
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In area of children's weight, there are some of the indicators which may include reception
prevalence of overweight including obesity, reception prevalence of obesity including severe
obesity, Year 6 prevalence of overweight including obesity, and Year 6 prevalence of obesity
including severe obesity (Hull and et. al., 2018). Here, it can be observed that in reception
prevalence of overweight are under control and significantly better in the Tower Hamlet along
with England. Whereas, in reception prevalence of obesity including severe obesity. It can be
identified that it is 11.2% in Tower Hamlets whereas, England has 9.7 % of prevalence of obesity
that include severe obesity percentage. Year 6 provide information that prevalence of overweight
including obesity in Tower Hamlets was 401.8% whereas, England has the only 34.6% which
was significantly worse in comparison to Tower Hamlets. Year 6 has been also observed that
prevalence of obesity including severe obesity in Tower Hamlets was the 26.0 percent whereas
England has 20.4 percent.
In area of children's Healthcare activity, there are some of the indicator that includes
under five year old and every three year, emergency Admission under 5s, emergency admission
for in injuries under 5s, emergency hospital admission for injury in under 15 year old, emergency
hospital admission for injury in 15 to 24 year old. It can be observed that attendance in under 5
year old 3 year average children's are having significantly good health care activity in Tower
hamlets along with England. It also provide information that emergency admission in under five
days in Tower hamlets was a 125.4 in 1000 people whereas, England has 162.1 in per thousand
people (Camargo and et. al., 2020). It also provide the information that emergency admission for
injury in under 5 is in Tower Hamlets was 10.1 in per 10000 people whereas, England has 12.3
in per 10000 people. Emergency hospital admission for injury in under 15 year old in Tower
Hamlet was 76.6 in per 10,000 people whereas, England has 97.8 in per 10,000 people which
was significantly worse.
In area of child and maternal health indicator include delivery to teenage mothers, low
birth weight of life babies general fertility rate per 10,000 women aged 15 to 44 years. It has
been observed that low birth weight of live babies in Tower Hamlets was 8.4 percent whereas,
England has 6.9 % which is significantly worse in Tower Hamlet.
Area of emergency hospital admission indicators may include emergency hospital
admission for all causes, emergency hospital admission for coronary heart disease, emergency
hospital admission for stroke, for Myocardial Infarction, for chronic obstructive pulmonary
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disease (Bhatia and et. al., 2020). It has been observed that emergency hospital admission for all
causes are significantly better whereas, emergency hospital admission for coronary heart disease
are significantly worse. Tower hamlets has 105.5 whereas England has 100 Standardized
Admission Ratios (SAR). Emergency hospital admission for Myocardial Infarction in Tower
Hamlets is 111.1 whereas, England has 100 SAR. Emergency hospital admission for chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease in Tower Hamlet is 178.1 whereas, England has 100 SAR
(Robson and et. al., 2017).
In area of Cancer incident in year 2012 to 2010 indicators include incidence of all cancer,
of breast cancer, of colorectal cancer, of lung cancer, of prostate cancer in standardized incidence
ratio per 100. Here, incidence of lung cancer is significantly worse in Tower Hamlets which
includes 130.4 whereas, England has 100 in comparison to other incidents of all cancer, breast
cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer.
In area of mortality and causes of death which is premature mortality indicators includes
death from all causes under 75 year, death from all cancer under 75 year, death from circulatory
disease under 75 year and that from causes considered preventable under 75 years. Here, death
from circulatory disease under 75 year is significantly worse in Tower Hamlets. Which have
118.3 standardized mortality ratio with England that is 100 (Bloom and et. al., 2020).
IMPLICATION OF THE FINDING
It has been found that there are various public health priorities within Tower Hemlets and
England. In this life expactency of men are lower which needs to improve. Children are also
classified as obese and condition is worse than the England. There is average hospital admission
after alcohol consumption is avout 493 which is better than England but needs to improve this
for better public health needs. Smoking prevalence in Tower Hemlets are also higher than the
England which needs to taken care of for better public health (AlDossary, 2017). Tower Hemlets
cases of road accidents, cases of STD, killing and serious injuries along with new cases of
tuberculosis are also higher than the England which needs to be lower and should taken in
consideration as public health needs. Tower Hemlets has also public helath needs related with the
violent crime that are related with the hospital admissions. There is also mortality rate
cardiovascular diseases are worsen in Tower hemlets in comparision to England average cases.
It can be observed that there are higher number of vulnerable and disadvantaged groups are
adults who are getting exposed to different public health issues like smoking, cardiovascular
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disease, alcohol, violent crime and others (Gardener, 2018). This profile tells that adult group are
high exposed to their various priority public health concern and should taken care of for their
better health. They are highly exposed due to vairuos reason like poverty, working group and
having differtn other issues which exposed them to such type of health related issues which is
public health needs.
Bradshaw taxonomy of needs inludes the needs of help services which can help to
understand different ways in which nees are perceived, mesuared and expressed. This inlcudse
different types of needs that should be taken in account during planning any services. Here,
Bradshaw reminds that toxonumy can’t provide perfect fit because its not personal. This can be
subjective to environemtn and should be change over time.
In this, there are various types of needs which should be measured that may includes
normative needs, felt needs, expressed needs along with comparative needs. Through including
all type of needs can lead to real needs.
Normative needs includes the trends which are professionally defined that can have
knowledge base. Here, desirable standard is set by the professionals, social scientists and policy
makers that can be against the actiual standard. This needs support and special services. For
example- Tower Hemlets people should ensure about the needs of adult population regarding
health where they should consider the cardiovascular issues and somking health concerns.
Felt needs refers to what people form specific area want. This can be evaluated through
asking service user about their specific needs that can be inflated. This inlcudse their
expecatation and can be deflated by ignorance along with rejection of services where Tower
Hemlets people should accept the smokig health concern for the better health.
Expressed needs should be taken as the equivalent demand that are unmet needs. In this
Tower Hemlets people should not have any specific demand where they feel that they should
possess this for their better health (Wirsén, 2017). Here, poicy maker have the role to ensure
about working according to public health nees and ensure to proceed for public health needs.
Comparative needs measured by references which are received by the service user already
whilie getting services. This is the one where England provides free medical services through
NHS for the pople for better treatment and improved health whereas, Tower Hemlets is not
specifically delivering any healthcare servies within Tower Hemlets.
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There is a theory of demographic transition that is related with the throws light on changes
in dealth rate and birth rate along with consequently growth rate of population. This birth and
dealth rate changes with time and developmemt in economic along with country population
growth rate. There are four stages of this demographic transition that includes the first, second,
third and forth stage (Bartosik-Purgat, 2020).
First stage is the high population growth potential. This can be characterised by fluctuating
birth along with dealth rates that can neutralise each other. In this, mortality rate can be higher
within people who are facing poverty. Second stage refers to stage of population explosion where
death rate get decreases and birth rate can remain constant. This can increase the productivity
and incomes inceases with quality of life. Third stage includes birth rate which can be deceased
that the dealth rate. In this, fall in birth rate and constant death rate. Fourth stage includes the
stationary population where birth and dealth rate are at low level and there is lower growth in
populatin can be observed.
Community based development approach refers to implementation of local development
project which can advocate for community participation in the decision making along with
management (Martirez, 2018).
CONCLUSION
From above discussion, it can conclude that there is high need for the community health
which can be helpful to delivery better public health. To this, there is need to ensure about
getting good health which can be developed by getting better health and through getting better
public wellbeing. In this, there is discussion about the community health profits and their needs.
There is also discussion about monitoring the public health for better implementation and policy
making accordingly. There is discussion about public heatlh indicator which can categorise as
demographic, deprivation, health status and determinants. This also includes impleication of
findings where it provides the information about most vulnerable and disadvantaged group. This
also includes different theories that can help to demonstrate the public health and related
concern.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Area profiles, 2014 [Online] Available
through:https://www.towerhamlets.gov.uk/lgnl/community_and_living/
borough_statistics/Area_profiles.aspx
Borough profile, 2020 [Online] Available
through:https://www.towerhamlets.gov.uk/News_events/Borough_profile.aspx
Local Authority Health Profile 2019, 2020 [Online] Available through:<
https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/static-reports/health-profiles/2019/e09000030.html?area-
name=tower%20hamlets>
Local Authority Health Profile 2019, 2020 [Online] Available through:<
https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/static-reports/health-profiles/2019/e09000030.html?area-
name=tower%20hamlets#:~:text=The%20health%20of%20people%20in,similar%20to
%20the%20England%20average.>
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