2810NRS - Postnatal Care and Management Case Study
Added on 2020-02-24
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Running head: POSTNATAL CARE AND MANAGEMENT BASED ON CASE STUDYPost natal care and management based on case studyName of the student:Name of the University:Author Note:
2POSTNATAL CARE AND MANAGEMENT BASED ON CASE STUDYIntroduction: The prenatal and postnatal care or the lack thereof for the women who have had Caesareansection and are pregnant again for the second time or have experiences complications during thesurgery is a major public health priority, especially for the single woman. One of the majorcomplications that the pregnant women face in the current times is the preterm labour orpremature delivery. Preterm labour can be defined as the phenomenon when the baby is bornbefore the 37 weeks of gestation is completed, there can be various contributing factors leadingto preterm labour like recurrent preterm birth, extreme anxiety or stress, excessive smoking,cervical exhaustion, infections, etc. The rate of preterm birth has been increasing rapidly, andjust in the past decade the rate has jumped close to 30% (MacIntyre et al., 2012). This case study selected for this assignment explains in detail about the medical history ofthe Yvette, who have had two previous preterm births and is in preterm labour again with variousother complications. The woman under consideration in the case scenario had been a heavysmoker and had been caring for two children singlehandedly. Along with that, she had beensuffering with whooping cough, UTI and several other infections while in 32 weeks of gestationand had to be admitted to the hospital where she underwent LSCS (Khan et al., 2010). Thisassignment will attempt to explore the risk factors associated with such scenarios, design a careplan for the newborn and formulate a midwifery care plan for the woman as well. Risk factors associated: According to the case study, the mother, was 32 weeks in gestation and was admitted to thehospital facility, with symptoms like abdominal pain, dysuria, and mild contractions occurringfor two days. The medical history includes Group B streptococcus positive urinary tract infection
3POSTNATAL CARE AND MANAGEMENT BASED ON CASE STUDYat 26 weeks of pregnancy as well. Along with that her previous two children were both bornprematurely close to two years apart; Yvette is extremely stressed and is a heavy smoker with 20cigarettes a day, and her premature labour is tensing her further. Based on the finding of this casestudy the two major risk factors that could have positively contributed to her premature labourare smoking and her past history of recurrent preterm births (MacIntyre et al., 2012). There are a variety of adverse effects of smoking on the health and wellbeing of a normalindividual, in case of pregnancy however; the risk factors increase multiple folds. According to alarge number of exploratory study, smokers were found to be on an elevated risk of pre termdelivery, along with that, the risk for preterm birth increased with the increase in number. Forinstance, heavy smoker mothers had the greater risk of 24% for very preterm labour, 28% forspontaneous birth, and 28% of medically indicated preterm labour. However, the exact pathwaythrough which smoking escalates the risk for preterm birth is not completely known yet (Khan etal., 2010). Although extensive research has discovered that excessive concentration of nicotineand carbon monoxide in the system, compromising the placental blood flow, which in turndisrupts the vasoconstriction of the placental vessels. Along with that the carbon monoxidepresent in the tobacco smoke is also known to produce carboxy- hemoglobin interfering with thefetal oxygenation (Tsiartas et al., 2012). The nicotine accumulated in the body system of asmoker is also known to increase the maternal blood pressure and pulse rate, which in turnrestricts the blood flow to the fetus. The culmination of all these factors ultimately results inaltering the amniotic environment for the fetus and restricts the growth and development of thefetus, leading to the preterm labour; idiopathic preterm labour is also associated with theexcessive smoking in pregnant woman and is rightfully considered one of the biggest risk factorsto preterm delivery in woman (Olsson, Ahlsén & Eriksson, 2016).
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