Poverty in India: Social Policy Analysis, Challenges, and Solutions

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of poverty in India, exploring the historical context, economic factors, and social policies implemented to address this persistent issue. It examines the impact of government initiatives, such as the National Rural Employment Programme and the National Food Security Act, and highlights the role of NGOs and community-based organizations in poverty reduction. The report also delves into the challenges posed by high population growth, illiteracy, and unequal resource distribution, while assessing the effectiveness of various poverty alleviation programs. Furthermore, it analyzes the importance of evidence-based approaches and the need for continuous evaluation to improve the efficacy of social policies aimed at reducing poverty and improving the quality of life for vulnerable populations in India. The report concludes by emphasizing the multifaceted nature of poverty and the need for integrated strategies that address both economic and social dimensions.

Poverty in India

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
Social Policy and Changes Over the Times.................................................................................3
Need for the policy actors along with cycle................................................................................3
‘Problem making’, response and spectatorship...........................................................................3
Communities, change and taking action......................................................................................4
Community and values in social policy.......................................................................................4
Evidence and change...................................................................................................................4
Bringing the ideas over the social policy analysis.......................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
India is the known for its world’s largest democracy along with fastest level of growing
economy which is holding the significances of their chief developing nations having more level
of internationals level of influences. Poverty us the level of social handicaps which has been
crippling in India’s for the centuries. Now India is considered to much more different which is
been exposed from the darkness of the poverty and ignorance with the help of various level of
initiatives which is taken by governments to have the achieving more level of reduction of
poverty in India.
MAIN BODY
Social Policy and Changes Over the Times
India is being identified as the country having changing dynamics which have received the world
wide representations and appreciations for its development and growth (Lamba, Bhumika, and
Sam.,2020). As per the global hunger index report of 2018, India comes at the rank 103 stating
that’s there is no level of shortage of foods but still the nation has the 35.8% of the population
dealing with the shortage of basic need requirement. On the other hand, the India have made the
significant level of growth between the year of 2005-06 and 2015-16.
Need for the policy actors along with cycle.
There area various reason which are considered to be the causes of poverty in India which
are such as the high population growth rates which is creating more level of multiple factors that
is illiteracy, lacks of efficient health care facilities along with access level of financials resources.
As to have the major consideration in order to have the effective evolution of the relating level of
poverty in the countries have the evaluation of different indicators which areas such as the
nutrition’s, child morality, education, living standards s sanitation, cooking fuels and many more
which haves the deflation of multinational poverty
‘Problem making’, response and spectatorship
Another reason is more level of inflation rates of the basic commonalities which is masking low
income people to survives. there is more emphasises of the caste systems and the unequal level
of distribution and another resources (Kumar and et.al.,2017.). In addition to the increase in level
of unskilled labours have the problems lying the unorganized sector have the need to the proper
wages in order to have the accomplishment of the daily needed in more particularism way.
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Communities, change and taking action
On the other hand, the non-governmental organization play an important role in poverty
reduction in India as they are able to have the key identification of the various issues which is
prevising at the greyhound level in India. NGO are considered to be effective by more way of
releasing and offering the basic amenities to the individuals who are suffering form the extremes
poverty. In addition to that’s there have the initiation the empowerments programmes by offering
more level of commendable benefiters which are more visible, effectives and the skill basis
livelihood programmes.
Community and values in social policy
NGO are considered to be more level of effectives in the providing the various level of public
services at the macro and micro level which is viable in developing several programmes to the
one who is extreme handily and poverty-stricken individuals (Agarwal,2019). As at the macro
level there is more development programmes in being initiate as on the micro level, the
organization have promoted self-help groups, small scale industries and the several micro
finances which have the specification in providing scope of employment to the poor.
Evidence and change
The development of NGO is there by majorly offering their proper level of public and the
socio economical services which is have the process access public services through the level of
indirect provision which is there to have the combination of the individual grow areas who are
suffering from poverty.
As the evidence is Integrated Rural Development is considered as the world most ambitious
programmes which have the clearly the alleviate the rural programs by the providing the income-
generated assets to the poorest of the poor. The program is implemented in all blocks of the
country as centrally sponsored scheme funded on 50:50 basis by the centre and the states.
The government of India’s is paying major level of attention by effective way of releasing and
offering the basic amenities to the individuals who are suffering from the extreme’s poverty
(Kim, Mohanty, and Subramanian,2016)
Gupta, Bhumika, and Jasmeet Kaur). As per the report of the UN the poverty rate of India’s
has bene moved to have which have fallen form the 55% to the 28% over the period of the 10
years.
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Bringing the ideas over the social policy analysis
The tops level of India government insisted the several level of poverty elevation
programmes which are such as the –
1. National Rural Employment Programme in which the centrals government is providing
the 50% assistance by creating the additional employment of the order 300-400 million per days
at annual term.
2. Jawahar Rozgar Yojana in which the central governments which have the allocation of
80% finances along the states will be sharing the bare of 20%. In has the targeting the 50-100
days of employment to the least one member of every poorer family within village in which 30%
reservations will for women.
3. Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana, as this scheme is considered to combinations
of million schemes along with developments of the women and children in rural areas which
have the attempts in order to combines the bank loans with the subsidy with the view of the
enabling the level of beneficiaries for creating the income generate assets.
4. The Nationals Food Security Acts in 2013 have ties up their PDS distributions for
providing the level of unsubsidized foods grains. This is helpful in the improving the level of
quality along with lifestyle in improvising the population in India.
5. National maternity benefit schemes which is providing pregnant women who is 19
years old with the proper level of instalment with in the implemented to all the states and union
territories. This scheme was layer upgraded as the Janani Surekha yojana.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded as Poverty us the level of social handicaps which has
been crippling in India’s for the centuries (Tilak, Jandhyala.,2018). India comes at the rank 103,
As per the global hunger index report of 2018. In addition to the increase in level of unskilled
labours have the problems lying the unorganized sector. NGO are considered to be effective by
more way of releasing and offering the basic amenities to the individuals who are suffering from
the extreme’s poverty. At last the alleviation the rural programs helped by providing the income-
generated assets to the poorest of the poor.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Online
Tilak, Jandhyala BG. "Education poverty in India." In Education and development in India, pp.
87-162. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore, 2018.
Kim, Rockli, Sanjay K. Mohanty, and S. V. Subramanian. "Multilevel geographies of poverty in
India." World Development 87 (2016): 349-359.
Agarwal, D. R. "Poverty in India: An Empirical Analysis with Multi-Dimensional Approach."
IME Journal 13, no. 2 (2019): 121-128.
Kumar, Praveen, Smitha Rao, and Gautam N. Yamada. "Energy Poverty in India." In
Encyclopedia of Social Work. 2019.
Gooptu, Nandini, and Jonathan Parry. "Introduction: On the Persistence of Poverty in India." In
Persistence of Poverty in India, pp. 15-46. Routledge, 2017.
Lamba, Jasmeet, Bhumika Gupta, and Sam Dzever. "Sustainable Agricultural Development and
Rural Poverty in India." Sustainable Development and Energy Transition in Europe and Asia 9
(2020): 183-195.
Lastrapes, William D., and Ramaprasad Rajaram. "Gender, caste and poverty in India: evidence
from the National Family Health Survey." Eurasian Economic Review 6, no. 2 (2016): 153-171.
Gordon, David, and Shailen Nandy. "The extent, nature and distribution of child poverty in
India." Indian Journal of Human Development 10, no. 1 (2016): 64-84.
Sundaram, K. "Some Recent Trends in Population, Employment and Poverty in India: An
Analysis." In Perspectives on Economic Development and Policy in India, pp. 129-167.
Springer, Singapore, 2017.
Sehrawat, Madhu, and A. K. Giri. "The impact of financial development, economic growth,
income inequality on poverty: evidence from India." Empirical Economics 55, no. 4 (2018):
1585-1602.
Gupta, Bhumika, and Jasmeet Kaur. Sustainable agricultural development and rural poverty in
India. No. hal-02337881. 2018.
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