Practical Project Guidelines
Added on 2019-09-18
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Practical Project- Advice about writing up your projectYour project should answer the following:a)What problem or controversy was studied? – the introb)How was it studied?- methods and materialsc)What were the findings?- Resultsd)What does it mean?-DiscussionYour report should be set out as follows:1.Title page- give title, author name, student number, degree programme, supervisor name, School of Health and Bioscience2.Table of contents3.List of table and figures- optional4.List of abbreviations- optional5.Abstract- usually 1 page summary of your project (i.e rationale, aim, brief methods, brief summary of results, principle conclusions) , can be single spaced6.Introduction- present the background, i.e nature and scope of the problem, review literature, some detail on techniques to be used, define specialist terms and abbreviations, hypothesis, aim- can be written in present and past tense7.Methods and Materials- always written in the past tense. Include the following sections, Subjects (give details on subjects mean age, heights and weights and standard deviations of these), Equipment (describe apparatus and how they work, accuracy, method of calibration),Protocol (step by step list of procedures including precautions) and Analysis ( what you did to your data).8.Results- written in past tense. Start by saying where your data is (e.g. appendix ...) then say how your results are shown ( e.g Figs 1-5 show the mean results). For each figure, describe the changes concisely and quantitatively. First describe mean results then some individual results. Mention the stats, which differences were significant. Do a summary page of the results. Remember titles for figures go at the bottom of the figure, but tables always have titles on the top. Make sure you define all symbols in legend.9.Discussion- start this by saying what you investigated, then state your main findings/relationships shown by the results, compare how your results agree and disagree with previous work/literature, then compare your equipment, methodology, protocol, stats used with the literature, put in factors which could have affected your results, errors and limitations of the project, discuss the theoretical and practical applications of your work, e.gclinical relevance, put suggestions for future studies and how you would improve the study, state the conclusions and what the findings mean- end with a brief summary/conclusions.10.References- written in full Harvard format11.Acknowledgements12.Appendices- include here, ethics forms, questionnaires,tables of mean data (reduce decimal places to a maximum of 2), examples of statistical calculations, calibration details, any other relevant data/technical infoWriting Effectively:- When you write, remember to keep the reader in mind in that they may not be familiar with the subject area, keep it simple and try to use evidence. Ask what each paragraph is trying to convey, avoid padding and unnecessary material, ask why you are putting this information in.- make sure you check your spelling and use correct English and grammar-write clearly and simply-learn to summarize and don’t plagiarize- each paragraph should convey a simple major idea- one section should lead onto another- logically- be sure of the meaning of every word used- delete unnecessary words
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