Pre and Post operative Management
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Added on 2020-03-16
Pre and Post operative Management
Added on 2020-03-16
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Running head: PRE AND POST OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT 1Pre and Post operative ManagementStudent’s NameUniversity Affiliation
PRE & POST OPERATIVE MANAGMENT 2IntroductionPatients undergoing reconstruction of the breast after modified radical mastectomy (MRM) can expect to experience lifestyle changes following the surgery. MRM is a procedure involving the removal of an entire breast including all of its tissues (American Society of Anaesthesiologists Task Force on Acute Pain Management, 2012). Historically, MRM was the known main technique of treatment of breast cancer, and as the treatments have evolved, breast conservation has been one of the most commonly used methods. Still, mastectomy is a good choice for most people with breast cancer. During MRM, postoperative education is vital in helping women cope with lifestyle changes as well as recover quickly following the surgery. Preoperative care is the care provided prior to a surgical operation while the opposite is care provided after surgery (Blaudszun et al., 2012). According to research, surgical patient who believe that they did not receive adequate pre and post-operative education on management experience dissatisfaction after a surgery and had difficulties in understanding the changes they encounter. The rationale of this essay is to discuss preoperative and postoperative management following a patient who is to undergo a bilateral total MRM and reconstruction of the breast cancer. Clients and patients will be used interchangeably throughout the essay ContraindicationsThere are few indications to the MRM. For clients with metastatic illness, the primary mode of treatment is systemic therapy. Currently, MRM is not the primary care for people with metastatic diseases (Chou et al., 2016). Other contraindications involve people who cannot receive general anaesthesia.
PRE & POST OPERATIVE MANAGMENT 3Preoperative EducationA patient with MRM encounters a life-changing event; hence it is critical to start the education process in advance, especially in ambulatory setting before the surgery. Education at this time can help the client to begin the process as well as prepare for the life changes prior to hospitalisation rather than postoperative education while experiencing anxiety and pain which cannot be helpful to the patient. Apart from the physician’s explanation of the diagnosis and procedure, the client should have preoperative visits with clinicians to discuss the crucial information regarding the surgical process, what to expect during surgery or in the hospital, skillsto be learned, and equipments to be used, as well as the necessary resource (Macintyre et al., 2010). This kind of education can improve the patient’s outcome as well as gratification.However, when providing preoperative education, you should first assess what the client knows and the information he/she wants to learn to ensure that education is individualised and the mutual objectives can be set. It would also be wise to include the patient’s family or friends in education as shown plus based on clients’ preferences.Best PracticesAccording to Chou et al., (2016) there has been a heated discussion over the presence of lymph node dissection. However, modern indications for the first and second level of axillary dissections in people undergoing mastectomy include; local axillary recurrence, outside clinical trials, and failed mapping for sentinel lymph nodes biopsy among other indications. Clients needto be assessed for lymph node dissection regularly. It should be known that axillary dissection cannot be of great help to people with favourable tumour characteristics, multiple comorbidities and the elderly.
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