Pathophysiology of Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms: Explaining Tracey's Case Study

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Explaining the pathophysiology of premenstrual syndrome symptoms about Tracey's case
study
Premenstrual syndrome is defined as physical and emotional signs and symptoms which
occur in one or two weeks before a woman experiences her periods(Schellenberg, Zimmermann,
Drewe, Hoexter&Zahner, 2012), while pathophysiology is the combination of two words
pathology and physiology. Pathology refers to a medical discipline describing undesirable
condition observable during the state of disease. For instance, Tracey had severe urinary tract
infection 13 years ago. On the other hand, physiology is referred to as a biological discipline
describing a process that operates in an organism. They are different depending on a woman and
revolve around the start of bleeding(Samadi, Taghian&Valiani, 2013). Pathophysiology
describes functional changes that occur within an individual as a result of pathogenic state or
disease. From the case study, Tracey symptoms are predictable and occur three days or one week
before her menses. This has been happening in her last three monthly menses.
Women with premenstrual syndrome may experience, behavioral and Emotional signs
and symptoms which includes, food craving, changes in appetite, anger and irritability, mood
swings, mood and depression, anxiety and Tension, lack of sleep (insomnia), inability to
socialize, Change in libido(Samadi, Taghian&Valiani, 2013). Tracey reports most of these
emotional symptoms to Belmont private hospital.
Common causes of premenstrual syndrome
It is the right time to see a doctor if premenstrual signs and symptoms become
unmanageable and affect your daily life's activities(Chung et al., 2014).

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It is always never clear what premenstrual syndrome causes are. Instead, some factors
contributing towards it have been identified (Schellenberg, Zimmermann, Drewe,
Hoexter&Zahner, 2012). These factors may include, cyclic hormones changes indicating
premenstrual syndrome signs and symptoms of with changes fluctuationsin hormones which
disappears during menopause or pregnancy(Chung et al., 2014). Tracey is approaching her
menopause and fluctuation of her hormones istaking place.
Also, chemical changes in the brain may cause the premenstrual syndrome. For instance,
serotoninchanges, a chemical of brain (neurotransmitter) which plays a vitalrole in mood
changes, could speed the syndrome(Rapkin&Akopians, 2012). Serotonin may contribute to
premenstrual sleep problems, fatigue, food cravings, and depression if in insufficient
amounts(Samadi, Taghian&Valiani, 2013). Depression is also a major cause of the premenstrual
menstrual syndrome(Chung et al., 2014). However, depression alone may not cause all the
symptoms experienced in premenstrual syndrome. Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome may
repeat themselves over a period and may be easy to predict them(Rapkin&Akopians, 2012).
Differences between the clinical manifestation of polycystic ovary syndrome and
premenstrual syndrome
Clinical manifestations are as follows:
 The symptoms the patient is currently having. This relates to the history of the condition
at reporting time (Danno, Colas, Terzan& Bordet, 2013). A symptom should either be
discovered by the patient or the physician or both. It is about behavior change, outward
appearance, lacrimation(tearing), diaphoresis(sweating),etc.