Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Children
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Added on 2020-02-24
Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Children
Added on 2020-02-24
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Running head: HEALTH RESEARCH METHODHEALTH RESEARCH METHOD[Author Name(s), First M. Last, Omit Titles and Degrees][Institutional Affiliation(s)]
2HEALTH RESEARCH METHODQuestion 11.Example 1Title: Impact of frequent intake of energy-dense drink on malnutrition status among Pakistanichildren: a cross-sectional studyBackground: Energy-dense drinks claim to be able to provide the macro- and micro-nutrientsrequired to boost energy. Not a lot of study has been reported in this area.Research Hypothesis/Hypotheses: Null hypothesis 1: Prevalence of malnutrition is the same forchildren who consume and do not consume energy-dense drinks; Alternative hypothesis 2:Prevalence of malnutrition among children is not associated with intake of energy-dense drinkStudy design: A cross-sectional study in Pakistan will be conducted in July 2017.Sampling technique: Gender-stratified sampling technique of all children who live in Pakistanaged between 0 and 5 years old. Data collection: Dietary intake, height and weight of the children will be collected using mobilephone application (app), standardized stadiometer and calibrated weighing scale on the first dayof every month.Statistical analyses: Percentage of malnutrition will be reported. Association betweenmalnutrition and consumption will be tested using Chi-squared test. The significance level willbe set at 0.05.Ethics application: Indian Board of EthicsLimitations of the study: Will not include children who die prematurely, and hence their cause ofdeath. Not able to deduce cumulative effect.Significance of the study: This plan will provide a sustainable model to prevent ill health.Has the title included the exposure and outcome factors?
3HEALTH RESEARCH METHODa.Yes, the exposure factor is drink intake and the outcome factor is malnutrition.b.Yes, the exposure factor is malnutrition and the outcome factor is drink intake.c.Yes, the exposure factor is malnutrition and the outcome factor is children intake of drinks.d.No, itonly statedthe target population.This epidemiological research is an attempt to look into a study of the correlation betweenfrequent intake of drinks rich in calories and the level of malnutrition. In this correlation, drink intake is the exposure factor and it affects the outcome which is malnutrition[ CITATION Pri13 \l 1033 ]. The exposure factor usually has a decreased or increased occurrence of the outlined health outcome. On the other hand, the outcome of a research is the defined disease or state of health for which the risk factor is aiming at justifying a correlation.1 points Question 21.Has the gap of knowledge been noted in the background section of Example 1?Yes, it is to study malnutrition.Yes, it is to study drink intake in Pakistan.No, it is unclear which malnutrition status (stunted or wasted or both) will be investigated.No, it is unclear if the gap lies around children in developing countries or children who live in rural areas of developed countries.No, it is unclear if the lack of evidence is around the long-term impact of specific types of drink or children or both.The background information provided in this study is seemingly to broad and thus not specific on the aim of the research. There is need to narrow down the background to a categorical problem. There are numerous types of energy drinks some of which are not even
4HEALTH RESEARCH METHODusable by children. A background should have a detailed explanation of the study to outlinethe context of the problem. It should as well give a slight history of the problem including any preceding attempts to address it[ CITATION Car152 \l 1033 ].1 points Question 31.Are the research hypothesis statements written clearly and correctly in Example 1?a.Yes.b.No, the alternative hypothesis needs to be stated too.c.No, alternative hypothesis 2 should state that there is an association.d.No, it is unclear if it can address the gap of knowledge.e.Both c and d are correct.A hypothesis is information having inaccurate evidence that would require testing and prove to ascertain[ CITATION CJa13 \l 1033 ]. An alternative hypothesis should be the opposite of the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis for this study is that there is no relationship between malnutrition and frequent consumption of energy drinks[ CITATION Phy12 \l 1033 ]. For the alternative hypothesis to hold it should be the reverse of the null hypothesis and thus claim a correlation between frequent consumption of energy-dense drinks and malnutrition in children.1 points Question 41.Is the proposed sampling technique in Example 1 appropriate to answer the gap of knowledge and the research hypothesis?
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