PREVENTION OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN2 Prevention of Obesity in Children Management The management of obesity in children involves the participation of all people in the community(Brown, Moodie, Herrera, Veerman & Carter, 2017). For example, parents, schools, public health officers, and community health nurses take part in the prevention and control of obesity among children. The approaches used in the management of obesity vary depending on the age groups of the people. The entire community benefits from changing their lifestyle choices; therefore, reducing the risks of developing related diseases like Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases. The management of obesity among children starts with the determination and analysis of the eating habits of the children and their lifestyles. In most cases, overweight and obesity begin when children are pursuing their primary school-level education. It is important to manage obesity among grade 7 children to prevent the progression in adulthood and reduce the chances of lifestyle disorders like high blood pressure and Diabetes Mellitus. First, assess the overweight or obesity of children by determining and calculating their body mass index (BMI). The calculation of BMI is one of the pivotal tools used in the assessment and management of obesity among people in the community context. BMI is calculated by dividing the child's kilograms by the square of the height in metres(Elvsaas, Giske, Fure & Juvet, 2017). Normally, the BMI of a child changes with age and the stage of his/her physical development. The calculation of BMI alone is not appropriate in the management of obesity in children; therefore, community nurses and public health officers have proposed for the measurement of BMI-for-ag. The assessment of BMI-for-age is appropriate for all children between the ages of 2-18 years. Parents and family are required to
PREVENTION OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN3 assess the BMI-for-age of their children based on the values provided in the height and weight growth charts. Secondly, the management of obesity among grade 7 children involves changing eating habits in the family. In this case, changing eating habits ensure that healthy food is selected for the benefit of all family members. Children normally copy the eating habits from their parents and other family members; therefore, implementing appropriate eating habits makes it easy for obsess children to healthy weights(Hardy, Jin, Mihrshahi, & Ding, 2019).For effective management of childhood obesity, parents are advised to provide considerate quantities of snacks to their children. Lastly, parents and community health personnel are required to set good a desirable and good example to be emulated by children. Generally, the management of obesity in children involves all people in the community. Evaluation The evaluation of the BMI trajectory provides comprehensive information on the prevention of obesity among grade 7 children. Obesity is among children has become one of the public health issues. The Australian government and other high-income countries have strived to establish appropriate prevention programs(Mihrshahi, Drayton, Bauman & Hardy, 2018). In Australia, obesity has increased the risks of lifestyle conditions due to changes like people. The programs used in the prevention of childhood obesity are costly to most governments; therefore, the World Health Organization (WHO) has established an appropriate approach through the Ending Childhood Obesity Commission. The evaluation of the prevention program is important in linking together the treatment approaches that result in the effective treatment of obese children and families. Recommendations
PREVENTION OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN4 The recommendations for the prevention of obesity in children are divided into two broad categories; that is, patient-level approaches and community-level approaches(Waters et al., 2011). The patient-centered interventions include guiding and counseling of children and families on the risks of obesity. In the counselling programs, the community nurses and public health officers recommend the consumption of beverages and snacks with limited amounts of sugars. Also, experts recommend the use of diets rich in calcium and fibre to increases metabolic rates; therefore, reducing the accumulation of excess fats in the adipose tissues. The patient-level recommendations also involve the consumption of food with considerate amounts of macronutrients based on the requirements of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)(Morgan et al., 2016). The community-level recommendations include the increase of physical activities in primary schools to help in the prevention of obesity among grade 7 children.
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PREVENTION OF OBESITY IN CHILDREN5 References Brown, V., Moodie, M., Herrera, A. M., Veerman, J. L., & Carter, R. (2017). Active Transport and Obesity Prevention–A Transportation Sector Obesity Impact Scoping Review and Assessment for Melbourne, Australia.Preventive medicine,96, 49-66. Elvsaas, I. K., Giske, L., Fure, B., & Juvet, L. K. (2017). Multicomponent Lifestyle Interventions for Treating Overweight and Obesity in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.Journal of obesity,2017. Hardy, L. L., Jin, K., Mihrshahi, S., & Ding, D. (2019). Trends in Overweight, Obesity, and Waist-to- Height Ratio among Australian Children from Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds, 1997 to 2015.International Journal of Obesity,43(1), 116. Mihrshahi, S., Drayton, B. A., Bauman, A. E., & Hardy, L. L. (2018). Associations between Childhood Overweight, obesity, Abdominal Obesity and Obesogenic Behaviors and Practices in Australian homes.BMC public health,18(1), 44. Morgan, P., Jones, R., Collins, C., Hesketh, K., Young, M., Burrows, T., & Brennan, L. (2016). Practicalities and Research Considerations for Conducting Childhood Obesity Prevention Interventions with Families.Children,3(4), 24. Waters, E., de Silva‐Sanigorski, A., Burford, B. J., Brown, T., Campbell, K. J., Gao, Y., & Summerbell, C. D. (2011). Interventions for Preventing Obesity in Children.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (12).