Profiling of Aged Care Facilities and the Quality of Life PDF

Profiling of Aged Care Facilities and the Quality of Life of elderly residents in Kuala-
Lumpur and Selangor
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Profiling of Aged Care Facilities and the Quality of Life of elderly residents in Kuala-
Lumpur and Selangor...................................................................................................................3
Literature review...........................................................................................................................3
An overview of the Global Population Ageing........................................................................3
The Ageing Population across Asia..........................................................................................5
The Ageing Population in Asia.................................................................................................6
Impact of Population Ageing in Malaysia...............................................................................7
The Elderly care trends in the world.......................................................................................9
The Elderly Care Trends in Asia including Malaysia..........................................................10
Services for the Elderly in Asia including Malaysia.............................................................11
Financial Aid........................................................................................................................11
Activity Centres...................................................................................................................11
Home aid services................................................................................................................12
Housing Facilities for the Elderly.......................................................................................12
Depression among the Elderly in Malaysia...........................................................................14
The personnel or staff characteristics of the healthcare taskforce in world......................14
The personnel or staff characteristics of the healthcare taskforce in Asia........................15
The global accreditation standards in OECD countries......................................................16
The Malaysian Private Aged Healthcare Facilities Services act 2017................................17
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An overview of the Quality of Life concepts.........................................................................18
The Elderly’s Quality of Life..................................................................................................18
Quality of Life major correlates.............................................................................................19
The Relationship between Depression, Social support, and QOL......................................20
References.....................................................................................................................................21
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Profiling of Aged Care Facilities and the Quality of Life of elderly residents in Kuala-
Lumpur and Selangor
Literature review
An overview of the Global Population Ageing
Population ageing is acknowledged to the one of the most significant transformation in terms of
social arrangements with rampant implications across all the sectors of the society in the twenty-
first century [1]. These sectors by category include the financial markets, goods and services
demand, social protection, housing, transportation, and most importantly the healthcare
arrangements as well as the integration of the family structures [2]. However, the findings of the
study by World Population prospects, it has been reported that the number of people aged above
60 years is expected to double by 2050 and most likely to be more than triple in by 2100, with
the figures ascending from 962 million to 2.1 billion in 2050 and 3.2 billion by 2100 global
statistics [3]. The revised 2017 report has indicate that the population aged above 60 years is
growing faster than that below the age of 60 years.
However, the elderly people above 80 years are projected to triple by 2050 from 137 million in
2017 to 2.1 billion and estimated to be 3.2 billion by 2100 [1]. The increase in the number of the
older people is perceived to be an indication of the contributions on development across different
countries that have shown the ability to act for the betterment of the old age and the society
fabrics through the policies and the programs at all the levels [4]. However, in the coming
decades, a large number of countries are likely to experience the political and the fiscal pressures
concerning the systems of public administrations such as the pensions, social protection, and the
healthcare for the growing older population [5].
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Figure 1: The figure showing the projections of the world’s ageing population
1990201520502100
0.5
0.9
2.1
3.2
Ageing population projections
Projected year
Population in billions
The Ageing Population across Asia
The elderly population in Asia is projected to be 923 million by 2050 according to the ADB
report [6]. This could possible make the region to become one of the oldest demography in the
world while the Asian governments are said to be poorly prepared for these massive
demographic changes that come along with a wide range of both social and economic
consequences [4, 5]. The ADB report further claims that this has been due to the declining birth
rates and an increasingly life expectancy cut off age [7].
The elderly aged above 60 years are projected to rise to 1 billion by 2050 from 446 million from
the 2012 census by the United Nations [8]. The East Asia is reported to have the fastest ageing
population while the West Asia has the least growth rate of the ageing population as depicted in
the table below [9].
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Table 1: Population of the elderly (60+) in different regions in Asia from 2012-2050
Sub-Region/ Population of the Elderly Proportion of the Elderly
(%)
Region 2012 2015 2012 2050
Eastern-Asia 237* 521* 15 35
South-Central Asia 138* 473* 8 9
South-East Asia 53* 183* 9 24
West-Asia 17* 73* 7 19
Asia 446* 1,252** 11 24
* In millions
** In billions
Source: UNDESA 2014 [9].
The Ageing Population in Asia
The population ageing in Malaysia has become an important policy and issue for the future as the
country has undergone a demographic transition for the past four decades due to improved life
expectancy and the decline in mortality and fertility rates resulting into an ageing population
[10]. The distribution in age of the Malaysia’s population had changed greatly by 2010 compared
to 1970 where the percentage aged below 20 years had undergone a decrement of 18.3% from
55.6% to 37.3% in 2010. However, the percentage of people aged above 60 years had undergone
an increment of 2.2% from 5.5 to 7.9% over the same period [11].
The UN reports that the elderly population is estimated to reach 16.3% of the total population by
2040. This is due to the population index that has grown from 11.7 to 28.7 within the period
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