Program Management for Desklib Online Library

This article discusses program management and its benefits for businesses. It explores the advantages and disadvantages of the Rapid Release model and provides recommendations for encouraging shared utilization of resources in communities. The article also includes a reflective portfolio on program management.

Running head: PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

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Reflective Portfolio 1
Answer to question 1
Program management is a centralized and well- coordinated management of a program,
which helps the management in achieving the objective. Jugdev (2012) stated that the program
management approach utilizes different strategies for optimizing project costs, encouraging
integration between departments, staffing and minimization of program dependencies on
different factors. Utilization of the program management methodology in the business will be
helping the organization in preventing different schedule and cost overruns and thereby facilitate
the smooth functioning of the systems as per the objectives of the firm. Katsikopoulos and
Gigerenzer (2013) stated that the capabilities and competencies of the organization is elevated
through a well functioning program management team.
The different aspects of change in the organizational discourse are based on the
identification of the capabilities and the competencies of the same while adhering to the
increasing demand of the customers for the product or services. Jiang, et al., (2014) also stated
that the program management of businesses helps in supporting strategic initiatives and
component projects under the assorted the program or change. The approach makes use of
diverse range of strategies in order to monitor and control the different components of the
program and thereby influence the outcome as a whole. Therefore, program management is the
most appropriate approach that helps the organizations in maintaining the efficacy of the
functions as per the objectives of the business.
The issues that were faced by Vant’s organization is related to lack of suitable
communication among the different departments. It has affected the organizational capabilities of

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adhering to the demands of the customers in the peak times. On the other hand, the lack of
personnel from electrical engineering, mechanical engineering and people looking after the
manufacturing process has hampered the productivity of the business. Therefore, I believe that
the organization might apply suitable program management approaches in order to mitigate the
issues and thereby boost the productivity as per the demand of the customers in the peak seasons.
Answer to question 2
I would recommend Vant to build on the communicability of the organization in order to
enhance the functioning of the same while operating on the diverse demand of the customers.
Sinivaara (2015) stated that suitable communicational medium helps organizations in
maintaining the proficiency of the functions as per the needs of the business. On the other hand,
the key changes in the organizational model are based on effective interaction between different
units, which helps in enhancing the productivity. The need for inducing interactions in the
business structure is minimal due to the design of the products and the efficacy of the
departments in assembling. However, at the peak seasons, the growth in the demands and the
complexity of the product designs affected the company’s functioning due to lack of suitable
interactions between different departments. Therefore, Vant might take steps to establish suitable
communicational channels and make the relevant departments aware of their utilization in order
to enhance the productivity as per the demands.
Vant is also required to consider staffing in the fields of electrical engineering,
mechanical engineering and manufacturing departments in order to undertake the smooth
functioning of the business without compromising the productivity of the same. The key
elements of change in the organizational structure and functioning are based on the intensive

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assembling processes, which require the intervention of the above mentioned talents. Lack of
skilled employees in the workforce of the organization has affected the proper functioning of the
same in the peak seasons. Therefore, Vant must take steps to recruit different skilled employees
as per the needs of the organization to enhance the productivity in the peak seasons for
undertaking a sustainable venture. I believe that the proper application of the program
management procedures will be helping Vant in maintaining the standards of the functions and
thereby prevent cost and schedule overruns. On the other hand, the recommended action that are
being enumerated in this section aimed at maintaining the proficiency of the business functions
in the peak seasons.
Answer to question 3
The issue that is faced by the organization is based on the lack of different capabilities of
the same to function in different intense situations in the peak hours where the client demand
increases. Lack of suitable resource planning and allocation has affected the organizational
capabilities of adhering to the interests of the clients. On the other hand, the lack of proper
communication tool in the internal departments affected the smooth functioning of the business
systems in the peak hours due to the complexity of the product designs. Application of suitable
program management networks would be helping the organization in maintaining the efficacy of
the function and the productivity while operating in the peak seasons.
I would plan the different changes that are required by the organization in order to
undertake the proficient functioning as per the needs of the customer. Katsikopoulos and
Gigerenzer (2013) stated that the efficient planning is based on the assessment of the core
capabilities of the organization to make the subtle modifications. Therefore, I would take steps to

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identify the capabilities of the organization through assessment of the budget in order to identify
the financial feasibility of the organization for the modification. On the other hand, I would
investigate the root of the issues that are faced by the organization relating to lack of suitable
communication and skilled workforce, which can be mitigated by inclusion of communicational
channels in the organizational context. The analysis of feasibility of the planning will be based
on the assessment of the outcomes that might be faced by the organization. It will be helping me
to understand the benefits that will be obtained by the organization through the implementation
of the different modifications as per the program management guidelines. Execution of the
planned processes in the business models and thereby monitoring and controlling over the
different functions will be assisting me to undertake the smooth functioning of the systems as per
the objectives of its growth. The implementation of the communication channels and recruitment
of skilled employees in the workforce will be helping the organization in maintaining the
proficiency of the functions as per the needs of the firm. The systematic implementation of the
processes will be helping me to resolve the issues that are faced by the organization.
Reflective Portfolio 2
Answer to question 1
The introduction of different models in the organizational contexts helps in enhancing the
operations of the same while operating in the diverse markets. The introduction of the Rapid
Release model approach undertaken by TSU has helped in enhancing the processes while
operating in the diverse market situations. The application of the model on the organizational
culture has helped the same in maintaining the efficacy of the same in enhancing the product
development stages. Application of suitable program management concepts helps organizations

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in undertaking the smooth functioning of the systems as per the objectives. Heinrich (2012)
stated that the basic functioning of the business processes and the manner in which the processes
might be optimized. The application of the different models in the organizational context as per
the program management concept assists organization in maintaining the efficacy of the diverse
range of programs that are planned by the same. As per the context, TSU has implemented the
Rapid Release model and thereby the section will be focusing on the identification of the
different advantages and disadvantages of the model aligned with the perception of program
management.
The advantages of ascertaining the Rapid Release model are being discussed in this
section, which will be helping to inspect the different prospects of the organizational program’s
success.
Quick Delivery: The model will be helping TSU in undertaking quick deliveries through rapid
prototyping utilizing the Computer Aided Software Engineering tools. The utilization of the tools
has helped in enhancing the operations of the business as developers reuse the codes that were
previously generated. It helps the processes in saving the critical time, which would have been
required for undertaking manual coding of the operations. It has helped the organization in
initiating and developing the tasks enumerated in the program by the scheduled timeframe. The
application of the model will be helping the organization in preventing risks relating to schedule
overruns that might result to the critical failure of the program.
Better Quality: Rapid Release model undertaken by the TSU will be helping the same in
maintaining the efficacy of the functions through suitable development of prototype by
computing on the end-user reviews, feedbacks and the like. However, the process does not affect

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the overall architecture and its functionality, which will be helping the organization in iterating
modifications even in the waterfall methodology. The developers, through the utilization of
different stringent testing cycles, maintain the quality of the product deliverables of the business.
Moreover, the smooth functioning of the business operations through appropriate planning and
scheduling will be helping the same in maintaining the standards of the products and services as
per the propositions.
Enhanced Collaboration: The introduction of the Rapid Release model in TSU has helped the
same in undertaking active collaborations between the end-users and developers. It has helped
the organization in maintaining the efficacy of the functions while operating in the diverse
markets. The key changes in TSU are based on the functioning of the same as per the
identification of the needs of the end- users. The collaborative functioning of the developers with
the end- users of the business has helped in maintaining the efficacy of the functions through
reduction of communicational gaps.
The disadvantages of ascertaining the Rapid Release model are:
Inappropriate model for smaller projects: The model is inappropriate for the smaller
programs due to their complex nature. Complexity of the design in TSU and the lack of
interconnectedness of the designers with the end- users affect the parameters that are designed by
the model. Moreover, TSU has lower resource margins and thereby is incapable of implementing
the model as the cost of prototyping and coding is higher than the capabilities of the small
project initiators. The model also includes the intervention of the skilled personnel in order to
function as per the objectives of the organization. In this regards, the small budget projects lacks
in the capability of recruiting highly professional people in the program which might affect the

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execution of the program as per the parameters that are set by the model. The lack of
collaborative functioning between the designers and the end- users might affect the design and
the innovative capabilities of the program initiators. Therefore, the implementation of the model
program on small- scale programs is affected through lack of suitable testing and prototyping
phase.
Limited by time schedule: The identification of the perfect time when the model can be
implemented is one of the major issues that are faced by TSU. The assumption of the time of
implementation and the process through which the program might be implemented has affected
the proper functioning of the systems of the business operations.
Answer to question 2
The utilization of the Rapid Release model helps in enhancing the functions of the
business operations as per the objectives of the same. The systematic methodology that is
infested by the model helps in undertaking the collaborative approach. However, the complexity
of the project that is undertaken by the business and the lack of sufficient resources might affect
the organizational capabilities of implementing the model. Other organizations might undertake
the Rapid Release model in order to optimize their designs as per the needs of the end- users.
The suitable prototyping and testing functions of the organization will be helping the same in
maintaining the efficacy of their performance while undertaking suitable management of the
programs. The application of the model in the other organizations will be helping the same in
enhancing the quality of the products that are delivered by the business. On the other hand, the
utilization of the model in the organizational context will be helping the same in undertaking
collaborative functioning of the designers with the end- users. It will be helping the organization

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in upholding the efficacy of the functions as per the program management approach. The design
of the products and services as per the identification of the needs of the end users arte facilitated
through the implementation of the model.
Reflective Portfolio 3
Answer to question 1
Jenny might take steps to encourage the involvement of the chief stakeholders in the
business processes. It will be helping the organizations in maintaining their efficacy while
understanding the issues that are faced by the community. On the other hand, Jenny might
review the government policies that might helps in endorsing the shared utilization of the
resources that are found adjacent to the schools. Jenny must take steps to facilitate a proactive
approach while promoting the shared use of the facilities that might be utilized by the
communities. The most common issues that are faced by the communities while introducing a
shared perspective is based on the lack of appropriate design of the facilities. It affects the
sharing perspective of the communities. On the other hand, the poor condition of the facilities
affects the value of shared perspective in a community. Therefore, as per the case Jenny must
take steps to build on the suitable planning of the facilities in order to cope up with the shared
perspective. The numbers of the school- funded projects that are awaiting the approval of the
higher authorities are higher than the approved projects, which have affected the concept of
sharing as per the needs of the organization.
In the situation, Jenny must undertake suitable planning and consultation with the school
and government authorities, which will be helping the same in implementing the projects viably
as per the needs of the community. Jugdev (2012) stated that suitable project planning methods

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will be helping the organizational management in maintaining the efficacy of the same while
operating on the diverse objectives. Appropriate program planning procedures that are
undertaken by the businesses are based on the identification of the culpabilities and
competencies that might be faced by the venture through the initiation. On the other hand,
monitoring over the processes as per the government regulations will be helping Jenny to
implement the functions as per the objectives of the project. Jenny must facilitate continuous
interaction with the relevant stakeholders like the school and government authorities in order to
understand the viability of the same in the joint use phenomenon. The implementations of the
relevant policies that are formulated by the government are based on the monitoring
methodology that is implemented by the same through agreements. Therefore, Jenny is required
to undertake steps in order to enhance the operations through the utilization of different
monitoring tools in order to enhance the project parameters and scopes of being approved.
Answer to question 2
Kim and Feamster (2013) stated that efficiency of the program management is based on
the appropriate utilization of communication. Communication is regarded as one of the principal
constituents that help in integrating the efforts the relevant stakeholders in the processes that are
framed by the organization. Van Dooren, Bouckaert and Halligan (2015) stated that
communication assists the management in integrating the operations through collaborative
functioning. The engagement of the stakeholders in the business processes helps the organization
in maintaining the efficacy of the program that is scheduled. On the other hand, delineation of
different job roles in the program’s context assists the businesses in maintaining the efficacy of
the functions as per the objectives. On the other hand, appropriate planning of the program
through assessment of capabilities and competencies of the same will be facilitated through the

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active involvement of the stakeholders in the diverse range of systems. Segregating the different
systems into bits and thereby allocating the stakeholders with different job roles will be helping
the organizational management in maintaining the efficacy of the functions while implementing
the program.
Rose et al., (2013) stated that frequent consultation with the business stakeholders will
be helping the firm in making the stakeholders aware of the different processes and thereby
encourage their involvement. Moreover, Turkulain et al., (2015) stated that the consultation with
the stakeholders of the business will be helping the organization in assessing the risks that might
be faced by the same while implementing the venture and the feasible strategies for mitigation.
Appropriate communication with the stakeholders helps in maintaining the efficacy of the
functions as per the objectives of the business operations. The supportive factors to the
organizational change are based on the change readiness among the stakeholders through active
communication. Communication helps the management in transmitting the goals of the same to
bring forth improvements in the structure and systems through implementation of definite
programs. Buijs and Edelenbos (2012) stated that the suitable planning of methodologies and
thereby segregating the tasks as per the priorities of the organization helps in maintaining the
efficacy of the functions in the program. On the other hand, Springer (2016) stated that the
involvement of the relevant stakeholders in the business processes has helped the firm in
innovating new ideas for maintaining the sustainable approach of the project. Therefore,
communication and establishment of suitable relations with the stakeholders will be helping the
business in undertaking the smooth functioning of the tasks as per the objectives of the program.
Supporting the needs of the stakeholders and thereby assisting with the interests of the
same helps the organization in maintaining their efficacy while operating in the diverse program

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objectives. Programs are planned by organizations in order to induce different feasible
modification in the organizational context. The changes in the business operating systems is
aimed at improving the market position of the same while operating in the diverse fields. The
management must take the responsibility of managing the stakeholders effectively with the view
of undertaking the smooth functioning of processes in order to bring forth changes in the
program design. Dozier, Grunig and Grunig (2013) stated that the frequent communication with
the stakeholders helps the organization in improving their holding as per the mutual concerns of
the business and the interests of the stakeholders. It helps the businesses in enhancing the
operations through maximizing the involvement of the stakeholders in the program’s processes.
Reflective Portfolio 4
The different methodologies and approaches of program management is an important
consideration that is undertaken by the businesses in order to enhance the operation of the same.
However, Van der Veen, Marshall and Spaeth (2012) stated that the identification of the
relevant methodology as per the program needs is one of the major factors that drastically affects
the outcome. The identification of appropriate methodology will be assisting organizations in
maintaining their efficacy while operating as per the needs of the customers. Rosemann and vom
Brocke (2015) added that the classification of the different methodologies as per the objectives
of the business undertakings and the understanding of needs of the program assists firms in
upholding a clear conception of the outcome.
On the other hand, Näsholm & Blomquist (2015) opined that the lack of proper planning
of the project affects the outcome distinctly. The understanding of the program management
technique is based on the different measures that are undertaken by the board in order to identify

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the scope and parameters of the project. However, lack of understanding of the project scope
adversely affects the planning phase of the project resulting to failure. The lack of appropriate
planning of the program portrays the little knowledge of organizations of what is meant by
successful program management. For an example, Target Corporation the second-largest retailer
in the United States worth 72.62 billion US dollars failed to enter the Canadian market (Kerzner
& Kerzner, 2017). The failure was subjected to the price offerings of the organization, which
was not as was proposed by the same in the initial levels. On the other hand, the disputes in the
supply-chain operations of the business affected the inventories and kept their target customers
waiting. It affected the program outcome of the business due to lack of suitable planning of the
operations in the market (Yamaguchi, Maeda & Kojima, 2013).Conforto et al., (2013) stated
that the lack of suitable planning of organizations affect the program management
methodologies. Thereby it clearly portrays how lack of knowledge leads to program failures even
in the modern days with all the technological innovations. The case also directs the attention of
the researchers in the manner in which the inappropriate documentation and control of the case
has affected the same adversely.
The smooth functioning of program management is based on the efficient communication
and active involvement of the relevant stakeholders in the process of the business. Fernandes et
al., (2015) stated that suitable communication helps in integrating the efforts of the stakeholders
in the program’s processes through defining the individual roles that are required to be played by
the same. The advancement of technology has helped organizations in adhering to the different
changes in the communicability. However, the case of Queensland Health payroll project
indicated that lack of suitable communication among the stakeholders and inappropriate
leadership has resulted to the failure in 2013 (Florez, Castro-Lacouture & Medaglia, 2013).

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The lack of suitable communication with IBM and CorpTech, the chief stakeholders of the
business, has affected the program parameters while upgrading their systems. The lack of
suitable estimation of the costs and schedule has also affected the parameters of the project. on
the other hand, vague objective of the program affected the tasks that was planned by the
organization. It has affected the growth of the organization as per the needs of the same in order
to operate in the diverse markets. The evidence from the case of the Queensland Health payroll
project has helped in identifying the factors relating to lack of suitable knowledge of the
functioning of program management. Collins et al., (2013) stated that program management aims
at breaking down the complex systems that are planned by the organization and thereby research
on the flaws of the same for modifications. However, the lack of proper knowledge of the
organizational processes affects the program management techniques.
Disregarding the different risks that might be faced by the program affects the smooth
functioning of the systems. Kumar et al., (2012) stated that risks play an integral part in assessing
the different unfavorable conditions that might restrain the activities planned by firms. The
analysis of the cap[abilities and competencies of organizations assist the same in maintaining
their efficacy while planning the programs. For an example, National Health Service of England
aimed at creating a unified electronic health records system for all the clients. However, the huge
and complex project faced an enormous risk while intending to serve around 40,000 GPs over
300 British hospitals (Brudney & Meijs, 2014). The risk that was faced by the project due to the
nature of the project was not anticipated by the authorities, which affected the program outcome
dynamically. The concerned authorities failed to simplify the complex processes that were aimed
by the organization, which has affected the project outcome dynamically. It has affected the
smooth functioning of the systems as per the needs of the same.

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Ward and Levin (2016) stated that the active collaboration with the chief stakeholders
assists the organizations in avoiding the different risks that might be faced by the same. On the
other hand, Humphries et al., (2014) stated that anticipation of the risk factors assists businesses
in maintaining their efficacy through assessment of the costs that are required to be incurred.
Inaccurate estimation of the different costs that are to be undertaken by the program initiating
team is one of the major considerations that influence the outcome of the program.
Reflective Portfolio 5
Answer to question 1
The assessment delved into the understanding of the diverse issues that are faced by
National Broadband Internet. The assessment helped me in understanding the value of the
propositions and the manner in which pricing structure of the commodities affect the demands
for the commodities. On the other hand, investigating the reports of the project failure portrayed
that the poor planning and the unclear methodology that was adopted by the organization
affected the quality of the net service. The investigation on the different factors that lead to the
project failure has helped us in understanding the importance of the methodology planning and
the suitable segregation of the different tasks as per the expertise of the people. NBN’s lack of
long-term planning has affected the methodological aspects. On the other hand, the poor quality
of materials has affected the product offerings of the business. The organization provided low
quality internet services due to the low-quality fibre used. The failure of the project was
exemplified as the result of the low speed internet provided by the organization and the high cost
for the services that were charged by the same. It has affected the proper functioning of the
systems of the business processes while operating on the expectations of the Australians. The

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case exemplified the manner in which the complexity of the project and poor planning of the
same affected the parameters of the project while operating in the diverse needs of the business
operations.
Answer to question 2
The analysis of the root causes of organizational issues will be helping the same in
framing different recommended actions as per the needs of the business. On the other hand, the
case helped me in understanding the different factors that affects the proper functioning of the
program. It has helped me in identifying the necessity of the planning phase and the manner in
which it helps in assisting the organization in understanding its core capabilities and
competencies. On the other hand, the different roles that are required to be played by the
program’s stakeholders is dependent in the delineation of the job roles to the same. The program
that was planned by the authorities of the NBN program lacked suitable clarification of the job
roles that are to be played by the stakeholders for the success of the project. It has aff4ected the
integrative action of the stakeholders as per the objectives of the business. The different aspects
of the program management are being stratified through the disclosure of the case. Issues relating
to lack of planning, suitable utilization of methodology and communication are being identified
through the case incident, which has helped in enriching the knowledge on the varied factors of
program management.
Answer to question 3
The case, however, did not provide with the knowledge of undertaking the different
methodologies as per the needs of the program. The issues can be mitigated through the
utilization of proper ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) tools and mind mapping. However, the

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different techniques of utilizing the tools were not revealed which has constrained the mitigation
strategies. We undertook a quantitative analysis where we collected responses from the users,
which restricted our data collection by different biases like personal preferences and loyalty. It
has affected the findings of the research we undertook. The different issues that were faced by
the organization and the manner in which the performance of the business might be boosted was
not provided in our research resulting to an incomplete study.
Answer to question 4
I would like to gain expertise over the utilization of different program management tools
in order to explain the issues that are faced by the organizations more vividly in the research and
thereby recommend different feasible solutions in order to support the organizational
undertakings. On the other hand, I would be utilizing qualitative analysis for interviewing the
managers and the stakeholders of the business in order to avoid all biases for the research. It will
be helping us to strengthen the research based on the understanding of the chief issues that were
faced by the organization while implementing the program. It will also help us in judging the
position of the organization in the market through the assessment of the capabilities and
competencies that are faced by the same while operating as per the expectations of the
customers. On the other hand, I would also like to integrate our teams in order to enhance the
team bandings, which is an essential part of undertaking a successful research. Delineation of the
job roles that are required to be undertaken by the team members will contribute to the success of
the research operations that are undertaken by the same. Suitable communication within the team
will be helping us to bring forth changes in the approach of the research while operating in the
diverse fields of actions.

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Answer to question 5
The different management skills included the identification of the different issues that are
faced by the businesses and the manner in which they can be mitigated. On the other hand, the
different aspects of communication and the manner in which integration among the members can
be established is being induced through the activity. The research has helped me in
understanding the different aspects of the issues and the manner in which they can be mitigated
through efficient planning.
Answer to question 6
The communication with the group members were facilitated through the utilization of
suitable resources like mediums that facilitate proper communication. On the other hand, the
utilization of continuous interaction platforms like social media has helped us in undertaking the
operations in a collaborative manner. The key elements of change in the organizational
performance are based on the communicability of the same. On the other hand, the management
of teams is also dependent on the communicability of the team members, which helps in
initiating the program and implements the same successfully.
Answer to question 7
I responded to the change more readily ass it is necessary for the success of the research
and development of the organization. On the other hand, the changes were aimed at refining the
decision making and planning attributes for maintaining the consistency of the operations of the

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business. Therefore, change readiness in my approach will be helping me to support the
modifications as a necessity for improving the processes of the venture.

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