Role of Information System and ERP in Organisations

This article discusses the role of information systems and ERP in organisations, including the categories of information systems, benefits of ERP systems, and recommendations for implementation. It also provides insights from the perspective of Marks & Spencer, a retail company operating at a global level.

Project

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Categories of information system...........................................................................................3
ERP system.............................................................................................................................5
Benefits of ERP system..........................................................................................................6
Recommendation....................................................................................................................7
Conclusion..............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Information system are the formal, sociotechnical and systematic organisational system
which are used for designing, collecting, processing and sharing information in an accurate
manner. Information system are composed with four different components that are related with
task, structure, technology and people. Moreover, information system is an academic study of
system related with specific reference of informantion and used to make complementary
networks by impleenting effective hardware and software systems. The main role of information
system is to contral the overall performance of business process by using relevant and existing
information (Bajdor and Grabara, 2014). ERP system work as a centralized database that is used
to perform work with various porcesses by reducing manual involvement in them. Typically ERP
system contain dashboards that is utilsed by user to mae real-time data that is collected from all
business for measuring productivity and profitability. In the present scenario, ERP system leads
company to manage different projects that leads company to process different items that relates
with online sales, human resources and decision support system. Further, ERP systrem is also
used by all organisation to manage there business organisation with centralized and intergrated
system. It is commonly used by companies to work with supply chain that is used to track all
moving parts related with distribution and manufacturing. This essay is written from perspective
of Marks & Spencer which is operating there business in retail industry. Aim of M&S is to gain
top position in retail market at global level. Similarly, objective of M&S is to provide good
quality of products to all individuals at national and international level. Another objective of
organisation is to open more number of stores with in a period of 90 days. Along with this last
objective is to increase in customer base with 30% by offering operational quality of products.
Categories of information system
Information system aim to support the functions and operations of management that are
related with decision making of organisation. An information system consists individuals,
information, hardware and software through which individuals interact to get support of business
process (Cazabat and et. al., 2017). Transaction process system- TPS are utilised by business to
record all day to day transactions that are related with business operations and functions. From
the perspective of Marks & Spencer it is used by the organisation to manage all of its busines at
the operational level by solving the routine questions and issue that reduces productivity of

company. Example- It is complex for management of M&S to manage inventory at huge level
because of its large scale production. Therefore, transaction processing system leads company to
manage daily inventory of organisation that reduces waste of raw-materials which work as most
positive aspects of information system (Döring and et. al., 2014). Management information
system- MIS plays an important role in decision-making of organisation by implementing right
and relevant information. In the context of Marks & Spencer MIS is used by company for
generating better coordination, visualization and control of information that implements right
process for perfroming operations of company. Along with this with right MIS management
develops right decisions that leads to enhance the profits and value of business by making
accurate decisions in minimum time period. With implement of effective MIS system it is easy to
gain long term resutls as it increases overall value of products and services. Decision support
system- Information system support all business activities with in effective manner by operating
business among operational and planning level. M&S implement decision support system among
all levels that helps individuals to make decision within unstrucutred and semi-structured
decision problems. Decision support system are also used to make effective system which are
fully computerized and generates positive decisions. DSS also perceived to support right
decision making process that extended to include right system that support better decision
making software which directly increases overall profits of organisation. Executive information
system- Majority of the current organisation are performing there work at global level. This
determines that there are various challenges are faced by management to collect right
information as each information is different from each other and are collected from different
source. EIS is a type of management support system which facilitates and support top authorities
to make effective decisions. Along with this it also provides easy access to deal with all
informations to make specialized form of decisions support system (Fang and et. al., 2015). From
the perspective selected organisation it is understand that EIS is leading business to form better
graphical interface to end user. Due to which all problems are identified by implementing latest
technology trends.
Along with this by understanding all computer and hardaware system related with EIS
environment management concern to match with needs of all informantion system. Each of the
information system such as DSS, TPS, EIS etc. work with the motive of considering and
executing all needs that are fulfilled in appropriate manner. It also refers that data services and

information gathering is most important aspects that is used to verify information immediately
while performing operations. From the point view of Marks & Spencer organisation manage
there business at global level so it work as a positive tool that leads to store and input right
information in order to make desired and positive results from operations.
ERP system
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) works as a process that is used by organisation for managing
and integrating important parts of an organisation. All ERP systems and software are important
aspect for the companies because it helps management to implement right resource planning by
dividing all tasks in appropriate manner. Marks & Spencer develop transparent and easy ERP
software that integrates all work with a automated process (Klosterman and Schein, 2014). This
result it is easy for all departments to operate all of their functions from a single system. Key
aspects of ERP software integrates that it gathers all process to work similar at a single place.
ERP solutions are developing over the years which are recognised as a typically web-based
application because it offers remote system to user and organisation.
Most of the current organisations are performing their work at global level so with ERP system it
is easy to perform all work as a business process management. It allows all organisation to
implement a system of integrated application that manage business and automate all back office
functions related with technology. ERP works on the basis of two different collections systems
that is related with business software. The First system integrates between modules which
enables organisation to interact with the end user. This also refers with right ERP software it is
easy to coordinate among different departments. For example- Sales departments received order
on CRM module and share it with production module so the products are delivered by
organisation in decided time period. The another feature of ERP software work as a central
database through which modules record database and transactions that provides access to transfer
information easily among all departments. Moreover, in the present scenario it is the single
source of truth that ensure user share and transfer information from a single source (Rajani and
Garg, 2018). This result it is easy for Marks & Spencer to improve accuracy and facilitating
better collaboration among all departments.
Most of the ERP system relates with different modules that are leading organisation to perform
all work with a positive approach. These modules are used to handle a vast and assorted range of
organisational functions which are scalable in nature. Netsuite is an integrated software system

that is built for fast-growing organisation. It offers organisation a platform that fulfil all financial
needs. In context of M&S it is beneficial to manage inventory for making right payment to
vendors and warehouse persons. Moreover, it is also effective to manage all functions with better
coordination among front and back office persons to implement robust results. SYSPRO is the
another software that is designed specifically for all those companies that operates its business in
manufacturing industry and it is most effective system that is offering services from 40 years.
Planning, project management and inventory control are most important functions of the
SYSPRO that enhance support system for Marks & Spencer to generate desired results. SAP is
one of the latest software that is used by all existing organisation. SAP is one of the most
powerful ERP software that comes up with supply chain management, customer relationship
management etc. This is also used by management to make and generate clouds so it is easy to
store information according to current models and its convenience (Wang, Fan and Wang, 2018).
Benefits of ERP system
ERP system offering various benefits to the organisation most of them come from information
sharing and standardization. Marks & Spencer implement ERP modules to share data easily by
connecting all system easily which is a major benefit for organisation. Some benefits which are
achieved through ERP system increase in productivity, culture of collaboration etc. Increase in
productivity is most effective ERP system that enhance overall efficiency by integrating all
business functions. Example- ORCALE and SAP are best ERP system that is increasing overall
efficiency by managing all functions such as marketing and human resource from a single portal.
Another benefit which is gained by management refers to break down the barrier or fence among
all departments. This promotes smooth flow of information within departments and leads them to
work together by implementing an atmosphere of collaboration. It boost innovation and work
productivity of M&S because all department easily communicate with each other to perform all
functions is manage work. Along with this stringent data protection is best aspects that generates
enterprise resource planning software to comprise better security system. Most of the modern
ERP tools are offering access to complete work with unauthorized access. It is also providing
flexibility of data to unauthorized access. This is also used to generate and collect sensitive
information that make sense fraudulent activities by protecting it from hackers and unethical
organisations. Accurate business forecasting is one of the most advanced methods that generates
long term results by making proactive strategy that leads management to gain competitive edge

in market. It also refers that with right ERP tools management concern that business houses are
developing and managing all work from a single platform that leads to gain competitive edge in
market by increasing the overall productivity of operations.
Recommendation
ERP is most crucial aspect for all organisations that is leading organisation to perform their work
as per market needs and conditions. There are various documents required by an organisation to
gather and implement right information that relates with existing working conditions. As the
market and industry is increasing its size at globalisation level it is identified that there are
various situations relates with business requirements and make a baseline for completing all
work in effective manner. M&S manage their work with help of different departments on both
platforms. E-commerce and traditional aspects both are essential market areas that is leading
company to manage its work as per requirements and opportunities. This result with robust
solution design it is easy for management to make successful system that robust all areas for
organisation by developing right scenario that relates with better design and documentation of
work. With proper business requirements it is also easy for management to make changes in
internal departments that helps to formulate a strong internal project management system which
increases performance for all departments.
Conclusion
From the above report it is summarised that information system perform an essential role in the
organisation to perform all task in proper manner. There are various types of information system
such as MIS and DSS perform an essential role to make right decision which enhances
performance by overcoming from risk aspects. Further, ERP system is also an important part for
the organisation as it assist organisation to manage all of their from a similar platform. In the
last, benefits and recommendation related with enterprise resource planning is also included in
this report.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bajdor, P. and Grabara, I., 2014. The Role of Information System Flows in Fulfilling Customers'
Individual Orders. Journal of Studies in Social Sciences, 7(2).
Cazabat, G and et. al., 2017. Models and Practice of Retail Location on the Romanian
Market. Amfiteatru Economic, 19(45), p.493.
Döring, A.C and et. al., 2014. Measurement of upper extremity disability using the patient-
reported outcomes measurement information system. The Journal of hand
surgery, 39(6), pp.1160-1165.
Fang, S and et. al., 2015. An integrated information system for snowmelt flood early-warning
based on internet of things. Information Systems Frontiers, 17(2), pp.321-335.
Klosterman, B.L. and Schein, S.M., Starsight Telecast Inc, 2014. Information system. U.S. Patent
8,646,005.
Rajani, V. and Garg, D., 2018, July. Types for information flow control: Labeling granularity
and semantic models. In 2018 IEEE 31st Computer Security Foundations Symposium
(CSF) (pp. 233-246). IEEE.
Wang, L., Fan, H. and Wang, Y., 2018. Sustainability analysis and market demand estimation in
the retail industry through a convolutional neural network. Sustainability, 10(6), p.1762.