Project Management and Risk

This study discusses the project lifecycle and the importance of project methodology in successful project completion. It focuses on a project by NHS that aimed to prevent older people from pressure ulcers. The study analyzes the effectiveness of project management methodologies such as agility and waterfall. It also explores the requirement of resources for completing the project. The study emphasizes the role of human resources and financial resources. Additionally, it discusses the risks involved in the project and the need for risk assessment and management.

Project Management and Risk
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
Project lifecycle and importance of project methodology in successful completion of project. .3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
Requirement of resources for completing project.......................................................................6
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15
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INTRODUCTION
A procedure of leading team by applying skills, knowledge and appropriate tools and
techniques related to project is known as project management (Demirkesen and Ozorhon, 2017).
This study is based on a project of NHS that has already been completed or have been
undertaken. The project that helped many of people on which this study is going to discuss is:
monitoring pressure ulcer for preventing older people from actual damages. It will also discuss
effectiveness of project lifecycle in managing project. All stages that this study will show
include: planning, executing, monitoring and closure. All these stages make a project successful.
It will further discuss usage and effectiveness of project management methodologies such as
agility and waterfall. Both these methodologies play a vital role in getting positive outcomes and
minimizing risks that can occur while implementing project. It will further analyse risks that may
occur while implementing project along with roles of stakeholders in completing projects
successful.
TASK 1
Project lifecycle and importance of project methodology in successful completion of project
National health services, a government run healthcare organization provide health and
medical services to all people who are in need or citizens of UK. This healthcare organization
has developed several healthcare related projects in which it becomes successful. One of the
main effective projects of NHS was: improving pressure damage detection in the community
using continuous pressure monitoring of patients. The main aim of launching or developing
this project was to identify pressure hot spots in a timely manner so that older people can be
prevented against actual damages (Improving Pressure Damage Detection in the Community
Using Continuous Pressure Monitoring, NHS Project 2020). They have completed this project
successfully as they followed project lifecycle because for completing any project, all stages
needs to be followed that are:
Planning: Planning process is known as the heart of project lifecycle and management. In
this stage, NHS and all partners made a plan with all activities that need to be carried out,
requirement of resources, human resources who will perform activities and numbers of target
people etc. The main reason of making this stage successful is to perform further activities or
stages in an effective manner. This stage works as a guidance for stakeholders as it makes them
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able about roles and functions that they have to perform (Ma and et.al., 2018). NHS made an
effective planning by including all important elements such as estimated time, cost, quality, risks
and others.
Executing: After making an effective plan it is important to put all elements of planning
phase into action for starting project. The main aim of performing this stage is to bring out
project’s expected results in a timely and effective manner. NHS wanted to prevent older people
from severe problems and actual injury that occur because of pressure ulcers. For that they used
effective monitoring tool for knowing pressure ulcers earlier. For that they successfully applied
all resources about which they made a list in planning phase. They allotted activities and roles to
their staff as per their qualifications. Some unexpected situations occur at the time of
implementation of this project but with collaboration, staff members mitigated them to some
extent.
Monitoring: This project of NHS has great scope and wider and for preventing from
failurs and making projects successful, it becomes important to monitor. After executing all
resources and activities, it is important to know as all employees are performing activities as per
the planning, we all are on the right track of not. This stage after execution can prevent
companies from failure and successful project completion (Ng, 2018). NHS made use of some
monitoring tools such as feedbacks, KPIs and others in order to know that project is within its
scope, time and cost and it helped them out in minimising risks in a timely manner.
Closure: It is the last stage of project lifecycle that also needs to be performed for
managing project and completing it in a successful manner. In this stage, the project is formally
closed and project manager needs to produce a report to client. The reason behind generating
project report is to let customers know about the level of success of the completed project. NHS
generated the final report and made sponsor as well as all target people believe that this project is
being completed in an effective and ethical manner and would not have any harm to anyone.
So, on the basis of above discussed project lifecycle and stages, it can clearly be said that,
NHS completed its project by considering and performing all these stages in a systematic
manner. But there are several areas that should be focused the more for better outcomes and
completing project before the expected time (Frefer and et.al., 2018).
They should have made use of some project management approaches that play a vital role.
Waterfall and Agility project approached could have enabled them to eliminate all risks that
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occurred while implementing this monitoring of pressure ulcer project. Some reasons that shows
effectiveness of project management approaches include:
Agility: It is known as an effective project management approach that refers collaboration.
It is all about team’s ability to quickly change the project plan for satisfying customers and
stakeholders’ needs. By understanding this approach as a project’s team ability, project manager
can complete its projects in an effective and successful manner. In regard to NHS and its project
of monitoring pressure ulcers and preventing people from severe or actual damages, it
collaborates with different social service providers and university such as: Peninsula community
health and Plymouth University. Partnership with such institutions and organizations helped it
out to the great extent (Obradović, Todorović and Bushuyev, 2018). But it can be said that if it
had developed an effective team and involved all stakeholders in this project like families of
older people, society members and volunteers then better results could have been gathered.
Collaboration and team working is vital in healthcare sector because it makes project and all
works easier and all workers find easier in completing their allotted works.
This project has wide scope and critical to implement because the target of this project
was older people. Making them aware about problems and influencing them to cooperate become
hesitated and it makes social workers frustrated. But team working and collaboration can make
them able to take better decisions and also minimizing such risks that can create barriers in
successful implementation of project. There are some principles of this methodology that can
also help project manager in completing project successfully such as: embrace change, face to
face communication, motivation to employees and sustainable development. So, overall, it can
be said that this project management approach or methodology could have enabled NHS to gain
positive outcomes and completing project successfully (Shein, Robinson and Gutierrez, 2018).
Waterfall: It was the first process model in project management. It is the most used
model for managing and making projects successful. The reason behind selecting this model in
project management is: easy access and easy methods to use and implement as well. There is no
overlapping in all stages of waterfall methodology and all phases must be followed in a
systematic manner. In this model, project or software development for projects is being divided
into different phases and each phase consists of a series of some activities. By performing all
activities, project can be complete successfully and effectively. Overall, it can be said that it is
model of breaking down project activities into linear sequential phases. Each phase depends on
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deliverables of previous one and next stage can be performed only when previous stage is being
completed in an effective manner (Andrei and et.al., 2019). So, from this, it can be said that
project managers can prevent itself against failure by successfully performing each phase and
error in each phase cannot let project manager to perform next stage. For better success and
making use of this approach in an effective manner, NHS and companies need to consider its
main principles that are: strong documentation, low customers’ involvement and sequential
structure.
So, from the above discussed methodology and their effectiveness, it can be said that it
could have enabled to NHS to make its monitoring pressure ulcer effective. It could also have
helped all team members in preventing themselves against risks and time that they took in
minimizing risks (Hamad and Al Fayoumi, 2018).
TASK 2
Requirement of resources for completing project
For completing any type of project, project managers require appropriate resources such as:
human resources for completing all tasks of project, technical staff that can help project manager
in making use of technologies, stationery and others. For the project that has been undertaken by
NHS is: improving pressure damage detection in the community by making use of pressure
monitoring tool, it had made use of several resources. As the main use in this project was
monitoring tool so, it can be said that it mainly focused on technical and human resources. There
is a list of resources that can be used for making project successful such as:
Human resources: Human resources is one of the main resources that play a vital role and
without this resource, it is not possible for project managers to complete their project. Human
resources refers: people who perform each stage and functions of project such as: collecting data,
communicating with target people, making an effective plan, performing activities that have been
allotted to them. It may include: all workers and stakeholders. In regard to NHS, it is found that
he completed this project in a partnership with effective healthcare organizations. Social and
healthcare providers helped them out in interacting with people an monitoring pressure ulcer and
the level to which it has been grown (De Mauro and et.al., 2018). They also helped this
organization in preventing older people from the actual damages that can occur from pressure
ulcers.
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Along with workers, some stakeholders such as community members, family members of
patients also helped NHS in making their project successful. With collaboration and by striving
hard, all team members made NHS able to complete these project successful and gaining positive
outcomes as well. So, overall, it can be said that human resources is considered one of the main
key of success of project management.
Financial resources: For performing each stage of project lifecycle, project manager requires
money. Without money as like human resources, they cannot perform functions. For buying
other resources like implementation of software, tools, stationery, project manager require
appropriate and enough fund.
Risk assessment
Risk Analysis and Management is a key undertaking the board practice to guarantee that
the most un-number of astonishments happen while your task is in progress. While we can never
anticipate the future with assurance, it can apply a straightforward and smoothed out hazard the
executives interaction to foresee the vulnerabilities in the tasks and limit the event or effect of
these vulnerabilities.
Potential risk Who is at risk Existing
control
measure
Rating Prevention Responsibility
Cyber risk Management
of the
organization
and crisis
many from
which the
managing
work and
make sure
about the
various
things.
This can be
taken while
for privacy of
patients and
make their
report safely
while at
organization
(Bolívar-
Subirats
and et.al.,
2021).
5 This might be
happen when
the patients
share their
important
document and
information
while for
taking the
better
precaution.
hence, for this
they might be
They have
been taken the
responsibility
from the
cyber and
management.
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required while
for taking the
risk and try to
make sure
about keeping
information or
details safely.
Health care
infection
Employee
and health
care system
staff
To guarantee
all
sterilization
frameworks
are cutting-
edge,
operational
and guarantee
that staff sees
how to
appropriately
utilize the
frameworks
to protect
patients. They
likewise
should keep
on reminding
staff and
guest with
some other
basic spread
infections.
2 It can be
easily measure
while by
taking
advance
technology,
the current
physician and
have their
increases in
affordable
care,
examined
more about
the medical
staff
(Theeranut,
Ninbanphot
and
Limpawattana,
2021).
Hospital
worker and
other project
manager.
Staff Staff member As they take 4 Staff should Hospital and
8

behaviour and many
other people
who are
working in
the
organization
or project.
the patient not
for helping
them and
make sure
about that
they do not
provide them
quality food
and various
other services
(Yusiasih
and et.al.,
2021).
change their
work and
working for
their people
who can work
for their
patient and
make sure
about their
behavior
staff about
their manager
in which they
are working
under.
Requirement of training
While having the proper project completing the project manager must be required to have
the training for the employee in which they can work and make sure about their those things
which might be having the better growth opportunities. As this might be also important for
knowing about the high impact over the business in which they can work and might be required
for having the training (Eden and et.al., 2021). While through which having the training the cost
and sales performance that could be easily developed and make sure about the valuable things
for which they can work. This might be also important for taking the risk and making their
project for having the high impact over the project manager.
Human resources that could also play the important role for which they can work and
also provide the training for their employee in which they can have their well-effective manner.
Along with this also make sure about those things which might be important for them in having
their project to be well-developed. Material that can be used for having the training and make
sure about the positive impact over the project in which they are working and make their project
for having the better estimation. Moreover, this might be also important in having the proper
completion for the project that could also have the important for them in making their
organization project to be having the high succession. While through which the project manager
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can easily come to know about those things which could be important for them in having their
proper estimation and making their project budget. Furthermore, this might be also important in
having their project staff training for which they can complete the project on having the proper
time and make sure about the better future aspects (Davis, 2021). Management must be required
while for completing the project through which the other team member can easily come to know
about the those things which could be important for them in taking much benefits. Through
which the stakeholder and various other risk assessment can be important and play their critical
role for having the better estimation towards the goals and objective which have been set up the
project manager.
Financial services and many other things might be important for having the better future
aspects and make sure about those thing which could be important for making their project more
successful. Moreover, this might be also important for knowing about the various things which
could be important for them in having their development and having their skills to be project.
While for having the proper project completion this might be also helpful for the staff member in
having their proper estimation for the work and make sure about those things which might be
important for them (Newnes, 2021). Hence, this project have the important aspects in which the
skills and knowledge for the member seems to be important and make sure about the high quality
of things which are required for the project completion. Therefore, this could also be important
in taking the advantage for organization for having the proper completion of the project in taking
not much time and having the proper performance of their working staff. Gradually, project
manager can easily have their project and have their organization for which they can work and
give the better outcomes for having the better results and make their organization for working
with high effective manner.
Management plan
Financial resources
Staff members
Human resources
Basic equipments
Project manager
Project sponsor
Rent
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Building equipments
Other expanses
TASK 3
The project team includes the project manager and other team members through which
the project planning can be better and work together well for achieving the goals and objective.
This might be also consists for the management, staff and project manager while for having the
better opportunities for the project. NHS might be make sure about those thing which might be
important for them in making their project involvement to be high (Purohit, 2018). Hence, this
member cannot be directly involved in the project but this might be carry out some of the better
related work for their goals and objective. The project team also consist of the various precise
team with having different subject knowledge or while having the required skills which might be
related to the work of their project. In this project manager play the important role for having the
better development and easily make sure about their role for leader and make the sense for
having work with completion.
Project manager play the role for leader in which they give direction towards their
employee and might be more responsible for having the better quality and success work. Project
manger job was might be ensure about the project process and completed on given time frame.
Along with this project might be also completed while by having the curtained budget and
completing goals on given proper time (Saidoun, 2021). Therefore, project manager also ensure
about the valuable things while for having the better resources with efficient and also try to
maintain the relationship between the contributor and various other stakeholder. As the project
manager have various duties and responsibility such as managing deliverables and managing the
project team. Moreover, developing the proper project plan, establishing the schedule for project,
assigning to each and every members of the project and providing the regular updates to the
project management.
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Project team members are mainly those people who work for their project and try to
make sure about the completion of the work. Hence, for this worker are must be required well for
having the better skills and employee must be have the full time or part time job in which they
can work and make sure about those things which might be important for having their better
developed. They play the differ role for having the better project in any organization (Ranta-aho,
2021). Moreover, there might be having the high duties and responsibilities for the completing
the project. Contribute more for having the better project objective and completing individual
deliverables. Along with having the proper documents while for completing the work and make
sure about the various kinds of things which might be important for them in having the better
future aspects for the project.
Project sponsor must be important for having the better project and that could also help
for completing the project while by having the proper estimation of the budget. The project
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sponsor might be vested interested in making the successful and having the better outcomes for
the project. Furthermore, project sponsor seems to be very close to the project manager and that
could play the important role for having the better development and make sure about their
various kind of thing which could be important for them (DaSilva, 2021). Also, this can be often
for solving the conflicts and try to removing obstacles that might be occur at time of the project
and might be waiting for having the approvals. Some of the duties and responsibilities such as
approved the project budget, communicate with the various project goals, making the proper
decision for the project and make sure about the resources that can be used for the completion.
The role of stakeholder in the implementation of the project that could play the important
role for having the positive and negative impact over the project. While through which they can
easily make sure about the various kinds of things which might be important for them in
completing their project. This might be involved the customer and various other users, project
manager and their team, programmer and portfolio, PMO functional manager of NHS
organization and some of the external sellers that have the large profits for the project (Du and
et.al., 2021). While through having the proper stakeholder in the organization for having the
better project that might be included the various kinds of things that could play the important role
for having the better estimation for their project. Hence, the stakeholder play their important role
for having the completing of various thing such as budget, approval for the various kinds of
things or resources which might be important for the completion of project.
NHS have their stakeholder while through which they can make sure about the high
impact and that might be important while for having the proper completion of the project. In this
project manager and many other team members have their more contribute in which they come
to know about those things which could be important while for having the better development
and growth for which they can work (Salem and et.al., 2021). It might be easily for having the
proper estimation for their cost and making their budget through which the project can be easily
completed. Moreover, the stakeholder in the organization have their major impact while through
which they come to know about their employee skills and make sure about their those things
which might be lacking behind. Along with this also important for taking much knowledge about
the various kinds for the project and making their completion on time.
Stakeholder must be required while for having the better development and make sure
about those things which might be having their better estimation for the budget. While through
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which this might be also important in knowing about the value for which the importance can play
their role in making their organization project developed (Cornel, Rigter and van El, 2021). In
having the stakeholder that might be also come to know about the risk analysis which could be
important for them in making their business and make sure about their project developed. While
having the project approval stakeholder must be required and those who can easily identified
about the constraints and various other things which could be important for them.
NHS have make their stakeholder for knowing about the essential things which could be
important for them. Furthermore, also playing their important role for which they can make sure
about the project team member and making their project to be complete. Contribution for the
various people to the project have the basic principles criteria while for identifying stakeholder.
Moreover, this might be also important for knowing more about those things which might be
important while for having some of the basic thing to be completed on given time period
(Amorelli and García‐Sánchez, 2021). While indentifying stakeholder that might be seems to
primary tasks because all the important decision can be taken during the implementation,
execution and initiation stages for the stakeholder. Project customer who try to receive over the
requirement of the project and make sure about the high valuable things which could be
important for them in making their proper role and make their project to be completed.
Functional manager must be provider for the policy of companies and some of the particular
people involved in the project.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it had been concluded that project lifecycle and methodologies
might be make sure about the various thing which might be more helpful for the organization.
Hence, this might be also important for knowing about the high skills and various project
members for completing the project. Furthermore, examined about the various planning taken for
making the report and make sure about the various tools which must be required for the
developing the project. This report also explained about the project team role and their
importance while for having the proper estimation in making sure about the project for
completing on the given time. Risk assessment must be also important in which it come to know
about the risk while at time of making the project and having the implementation while for
completing the project.
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