Project Management

This document provides an overview of project management, including examples of projects, key characteristics, estimated cost and duration, quality of deliverables, risks, and impact on society and environment. It also includes a review of nominated projects, identification of stakeholders and their roles, and a plan to manage the projects.

Running head: PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Project management
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Table of Contents
Question 1a).....................................................................................................................................2
1.1 Nomination of three examples of project for discussion.......................................................2
1.2 Discussion of the key characteristics of each nominated project..........................................2
1.2.1 Fitting with the present organizational direction............................................................2
1.2.2 Estimated cost.................................................................................................................3
1.2.3 Estimated duration..........................................................................................................6
1.2.4 Proper quality of deliverables.........................................................................................9
1.2.5 Present expenditure, quality standards as well as percentage completion......................9
1.2.6 Main risks.....................................................................................................................10
1.2.7 Impact on the society and environment........................................................................11
1.2.8 Complexity...................................................................................................................11
1.2.9 Other factors.................................................................................................................12
1.2.10 Integration factors.......................................................................................................12
1.2.11 Other factors that create impact on the project...........................................................12
1.3 Review of the project that is nominated in the background................................................13
1.3.1 Project charter and plan................................................................................................13
1.3.2 Business case for each project......................................................................................18
2.3 Identification of the project stakeholders and their roles.....................................................18
2.4 Potential to complete within the constraints and role in the project....................................21
2.5 Likelihood of the project’s scope being changed................................................................22
2.6 Change control requirements...............................................................................................22
2.7 Potential human resources, communication and procurement issues that affect project
execution:...................................................................................................................................23
2.8 Potential risks in project delivery........................................................................................24
2.9 Sustainability of the project and its outcomes.....................................................................24
2.10 Other matters considered important to the achievement of these objectives.....................25
3. Developing plan to manage the nominated project...................................................................26
3.1 Potential risks in delivering the project and subsequent to delivery of the project.............26
3.2 coordination between the project and the corporate direction.............................................28
3.3 Consequences of not completing the project within key performance indicators...............29
3.4 Best approach for managing the project..............................................................................29
3.5 Undertaking similar types of project to the project that is reviewed...................................30
Bibliography..................................................................................................................................31

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Question 1a)
1.1 Nomination of three examples of project for discussion
 Project 1: Upgrading a highway in Australia by company A
 Project 2: Development of mobile phone relay station by company ABC
 Project 3: Development of ERP system by BCE company
1.2 Discussion of the key characteristics of each nominated project
1.2.1 Fitting with the present organizational direction
Project A:
The main focus of the project is to upgrade the highway with the help of company A.
The main goal of the construction organization is to successfully provide effective proper
construction services to the clients and the project is undertaken generally gets fitted with the
project strategic direction so that the highway can be completed successfully for meeting the
needs of the local people.
Project B:
The project focuses on construction of a mobile based relay station that is generally
undertaken by ABC Company that mainly aims to provide effective operational efficiency by
giving appropriate ways for successfully delivering the services of the project in a much cost-
effective way. In spite of this, the project is not considered to be fit with the goals of organization
as the project manager is mainly facing a number of challenges in successfully achieving the
project planned costs.

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Project C:
The main focus of the paper to develop the ERP system with the help of the BCE
Company. The organization’s strategic goal is to undertake information system projects
effectively in order to provide proper operational service to different organization. As the
organization aims to develop the ERP system for managing the operations therefore the project is
considered to be fitted with the goals of the organization as the functions which are associated
with the entire sub-systems can be managed.
1.2.2 Estimated cost
Project A
In order to upgrade a high, the required budget will be around $100,000,000. The figure
which given below generally showcases on the detailed budget of the project.
Figure 1: Budget for upgrading a highway
(Source: Created by Author)

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Project B
As per the below figure, around $10,000 is needed for the entire project. The figure
reflects on the detailed budget that is required for each project phase.
Figure 2: Budget for mobile relay station
(Source: Created by Author)

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Project C
The figure that is given below reflects on the detailed budget for the ERP development
project.
Figure 3: Budget for ERP system development
(Source: Created by Author)

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1.2.3 Estimated duration
Project A
It is found that 36 months or time of 3 years is required for the work of highway
upgradation within the project.
Figure 4: Duration for highway upgradation
(Source: Created by Author)

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Project B
For mobile relay station construction, it is identified that 2 years of time is required.
Figure 5: Duration for mobile based relay station construction
(Source: Created by Author)

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Project C
It is identified that 182 days are required in order to successfully develop the ERP system
for effective management of organization’s operations.
Figure 6: Duration for ERP development project
(Source: Created by Author)

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1.2.4 Proper quality of deliverables
Expected quality of deliverables
Project A Project B Project C
In order to upgrade the
highway, it is quite
important to maintain the
deliverables of the project.
While the project quality is
maintained, the
deliverables that can be
accomplished within the
project mainly includes:
 Project chart
 Plan for the project
 Documents
 Blueprint report
 Project progress report
The project deliverables
quality should be met while
the mobile based relay
system is constructed and the
deliverables which are linked
with the project are:
 Plan for the project
 Charter
 Project design report
 Frame structure
 Report that contains
technical information
The ERP development
project is generally beneficial
in delivering effective project
deliverables by effective
quality maintenance and thus
the project deliverables
include:
 Plan for the project
 Project prototype
 Progress report
 Testing report
 Documents containing
technical specifications
1.2.5 Present expenditure, quality standards as well as percentage completion
Factors Project A Project B Project C
Present expenditure Budget of around
$100,000,000 is used
for upgradation of
the highway
It is identified that
around $10 million is
required for effective
and successful
Budget of around $3
million is required
for effectively
develop the ERP

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development of
mobile based relay
system
system
% Complete 0% complete 30% complete 35% complete
Achievement off
quality standard
Quality standards
within the project is
accomplished
The mobile based
relay project
follower’s effective
quality standards
Proper standards of
project quality are
achieved within the
entire project.
1.2.6 Main risks
Main risks
Project A Project B Project C
The listed risks are linked
with the highway
upgradation project.
 Ineffective plan for risk
management
 Improper environmental
management
 Construction noise due to
use of construction
machines
The listed risks include:
 Ineffective performance
measure
 Delay in the project
 Ineffective planned cost-
based issue
 Gaps within the project
charter
The listed risks include:
 Ineffective management
by the staff
 Delivery in the project
 Ineffective management
of requests

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1.2.7 Impact on the society and environment
Impact on the environment and society
Project A Project B Project C
The upgradation of the
highway mainly generates
impact on the rainforest trees
and it is considered to have a
negative impact as the trees
are known for their medical
value. In addition to this, the
noise that is generated due to
the utilization of construction
vehicles mainly creates
impact on the lives of both
flora and fauna.
The project generally creates
different types of risks while
construction due to lack of
proper terrain that is mainly
needed for transporting the
different project components.
The number of jobs within
the organization got
minimized due to the ERP
development as the system
undertakes work of different
department effectively.
1.2.8 Complexity
Complexity
Project A Project B Project C
The upgradation of the
highway project is not
complex.
Complexity of mobile based
relay project construction is
quite less.
ERP system development is
found as one of the complex
project as in this project all
the functions of the
organizations required to be

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managed.
1.2.9 Other factors
Other factors
Project A Project B Project C
The issue in this project is
mainly occurring due to the
reasons that include:
 Ineffective management
of project risks
 Improper management of
project stakeholders.
The issue in the project are:
 Problems in meeting the
project planned costs
 Issues in progressing
within the project
The ERP system project is
generally facing issues due to
inappropriate defined
direction which generally can
put the entire project towards
the success.
1.2.10 Integration factors
Project integration factors
Project A Project B Project C
 
1.2.11 Other factors that create impact on the project
Impact on the environment and society
Project A Project B Project C
The integration factors
include:
 Effective management of
stakeholders
 Effective management of
The integration factors are:
 Deliverables
 Timeframe of the project
 Charter for the project
The integration factors
mainly include:
 Project deliverables
 Effective management of

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT
project risks
 Effective project
progress-based reports.
project scope
 Proper management of
change
1.3 Review of the project that is nominated in the background
1.3.1 Project charter and plan
Project A: Upgradation of highway
Project name: Highway upgradation by the company A
Overview: The company A undertakes the project of highway upgradation for avoiding
future accidents and for proper providing proper maintenance facility so that the people can
easily travel from with the help of the highway. Additionally, the bridge also assists in
reducing the problem of congestion on the roads.
Scope: The project scope includes:
 Highway upgradation
 Replacement of swing span
 Electrical overhaul execution
 Completion of operator house
Duration: The required time for the project will be around 36 months.
Budget estimate: $100,000,000 is required for the upgradation of the highway.
Project plan:

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Figure 7: Project plan for highway upgradation
(Source: Created by Author)
Project B: Mobile relay station construction
Project name: Construction of mobile based relay station construction
Overview: This project is based on the development of a mobile phone relay station that will
be conducted by company ABC. Considering the nature and scale of the project, the expected
budget is around $10 million. Furthermore, the project is expected to take around 2 years for
completion after its start.
Scope: The project scope includes:
 Project idea gathering
 Frame structure development

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 SINR modelling
 Development of effective blueprint for the entire project
Duration: Timeframe of around 2 years is required for the construction of the mobile based
relay system.
Budget estimate: $10million budget is mainly required for the entire project.
Project plan:
Figure 8: Project plan for Mobile based relay construction
(Source: Created by Author)

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Project C: ERP system development
Project name: Development of ERP system
Overview: The third nominated project is based on the development of ERP system that will
be conducted by BCE company. This project focuses on the software solution for the company
that will help in the business operations. The estimated cost of the project is $3 million and is
expected to take 6 months for completion.
Scope: The scope includes:
 Conducting different types of brainstorming sessions
 ERP system development
 Checking the infrastructure
 Migration of different types of data
 Management of change
 Technology transfer
Duration: It is identified that 182 are mainly needed for the work of the project.
Budget estimate: $3millio is required for finishing the ERP development project.
Project plan:

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Figure 8: Project plan for ERP development
(Source: Created by Author)

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1.3.2 Business case for each project
Project A: Upgradation of highway
This project is based on the upgradation of a highway section that is to be undertaken by
company A. The overall expected value of the project is $100 million and requires major
construction and infrastructure development. Moreover, due to the major scale of the project and
the huge area that will be upgraded, the project is expected to take around 36 months (3 years)
for completion.
Project B: Construction of mobile relay station
The objective of the project is to develop a mobile phone relay station for providing
telephone service in remote area. The relay station will be developed within the approved budget
of $10 million in value, with a planned duration of two years.
Project C: Development of ERP system
The objective of the project is to develop an ERP system for improving information
management within the organization. The plan of the project is to complete the development of
the information system which is right now 35% complete the project and this project will be
completed within the approved budget of $3 million.
2.3 Identification of the project stakeholders and their roles
Project A: Developing or upgrading a section of highway by company A
The following table has described in details about the important stakeholders considered
for this project:
Stakeholders Role

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 Project manager They are responsible to manage the
execution of the project in accordance with
the project scope and objectives
 Project planner They design detailed plan for the project for
executing the project in accordance with the
project scope and objectives
 Financial manager They are responsible for managing the
project within the approved budget and
hence they manage financial aspects of the
project
 HR manager The HR manager is responsible for
managing human resources for effective
project execution
 Contractor The contractors are responsible for
providing raw materials for constructing the
highway
 Risk manager The risk manager is responsible for
managing various project related risks so
that it does not affect the project execution
and it is possible to complete the project
effectively with success in project delivery
 Civil engineer Civil engineers are responsible for
executing engineering aspect of the project

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 Constructor Constructors are employed for building the
highway according to the instruction from
the civil engineers

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Project B: Development of mobile phone relay station by company ABC
Stakeholders Role
 Project manager They are responsible to manage the
execution of the project in accordance with
the project scope and objectives.
 Contractor It is responsibility of the contractor to
execute the project within $10 million
budget.
 Coder They design and implement code required for
the construction of the mobile relay station.
 IT manger IT manager needs to ensure and execute
modelling signalling and more.
 IT supervisor They guide the project team.
 Application manager The application manager needs to develop
mobile based relay which is required for
executing the project.
Project C: Development of ERP system
Stakeholders Role
 Project manager They are responsible to manage the
execution of the project in accordance with
the project scope and objectives.
 Project planner They design detailed plan for the project
 Developer They develop the ERP system.

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 System analyst The analyses issues that affects the
performance of the ERP system.
 Tester They test if ERP system has any performance
or security related issues.
 Technical engineer They provide technical knowledge required
for developing the ERP system.
2.4 Potential to complete within the constraints and role in the project
Project A Project B Project C
There are number issues in
the project such as
environmental regulation,
legal pressure, and
requirement for additional
funding for reducing
controversy in the project
which will further increase
time for project completion
by 12 months. Therefore,
there is potential for delay in
the project and therefore it is
not easy to complete the
project within the constraints
Due to reliance on
intentional vendors for
delivery of major project
components there is
significant chance of project
delay, increasing project
budget as well. This will
have significant impact on
project quality as well.
The project is expected to be
completed within the time,
cost and quality control,
some aspects that might
affect this process are:
1. Scope variance
2. Lack of clarity about
the project
requirements
3. Significant
differences between
the project parties

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT
of time, cost and quality.
2.5 Likelihood of the project’s scope being changed
Project A Project B Project C
There is chance of projects
scope being changed as a
result of stakeholder issues
and requirements due to
various issues as identified in
this context and hence
likelihood of project scope
being changed is high in this
project.
There is significant chance of
change in project scope as a
result of stakeholder issues
and requirements. Project
scope and project objective is
not well defined and due to
this project scope is likely to
be changed in this context.
Significant differences
between the project parties
regarding project direction,
especially between the staff
managing the project and
senior organisational
management might lead to
changes in the project scope
as a result of stakeholder
issues and requirements.
2.6 Change control requirements
Project A Project B Project C
The requirements associated
with the change control
include the followings:
The requirements associated
with the change control
include the followings:
The requirements associated
with the change control
include the followings:

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 To manage scope
variance because the
project scope might
change due to various
project issues
 Undertaking analysis
 Obtaining the approval
 there are no changes
incorporated in the
project that is not
required in the project
 approval not provided if
changes are not required
 To manage scope
variance because the
project scope might
change due to various
project issues
 Undertaking analysis
 Obtaining the approval
 there are no changes
incorporated in the
project that is not
required in the project
 approval not provided if
changes are not required
 To manage scope
variance because the
project scope might
change due to various
project issues
 Undertaking analysis
 Obtaining the approval
 there is no changes
incorporated in the
project that is not
required in the project
 approval not provided if
changes are not required
2.7 Potential human resources, communication and procurement issues that affect project
execution:
HRM issues: Possible human resource issues are lack of skilled workers, lack of
integration between the project teams, staffing is not proper and project team has issues
regarding wages and working hours and all of these issues affects the project execution.
Communication issues: Potential communication issues include project scope and
objectives are not properly communicated with the project teams and this affects team
performance due to lack of clarity about project scope and objectives. Lack of proper
communication with the project stakeholders is also a potential communication issue.

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Procurement issues: Potential procurement issues in this project are delay in material
supply, variance in procurement cost due to increase in material price and lack of commitment
from vendor including fraud is another significant procurement issue that needs to be considered.
2.8 Potential risks in project delivery
Project A Project B Project C
Environmental regulation,
legal pressure, and
requirement for additional
funding along with extension
of project schedule are some
of the significant risks of this
project.
Due to reliance on intentional
vendors for delivery of major
project components there is
significant chance of project
delay, increasing project
budget as well which are the
major risks in this project.
Scope variance, Lack of
clarity about the project
requirements and significant
differences between the
projects parties are some of
the major risks in this
project.
2.9 Sustainability of the project and its outcomes
Project A Project B Project C
The project might need to cut
trees due to lack of proper
environmental impact
assessment and this violates
the sustainability aspect of
the project. Therefore, the
outcome of the project is a
This project aims to improve
communication in remote
area for improving
development standard in
remote areas and therefore
making this project a
sustainable one. The outcome
This project aims to provide
enhanced control on project
management, providing
opportunity to the
organization to ensure
sustainable organization

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complete road construction
with less focus on
environmental sustainability.
of the project is development
of mobile relay station and
ensure community
development through
enhanced communication.
development
2.10 Other matters considered important to the achievement of these objectives
Project A Project B Project C
1. Less harm to
environment and
surrounding people
due to project
2. Safety to workers
3. Enhanced stakeholder
satisfaction
4. Project delivery
within time and
budget approved
5. Assurance of quality
in the constructed
road
1. Completion of project
within approved time
and budget
2. Quality in project
delivery
3. Less impact on the
environment
4. Stakeholder
satisfaction in the
project
1. Less harm to
environment and
surrounding people
due to project
2. Safety to workers
3. Enhanced stakeholder
satisfaction
4. Project delivery
within time and
budget approved

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3. Developing plan to manage the nominated project
3.1 Potential risks in delivering the project and subsequent to delivery of the project
Project A: Developing or upgrading a section of highway by company A
Risk Id Risk Description
1 Environmental issue The project has adverse impact on the sub-
tropical rainforest that affects the flora and
fauna too
2 Schedule variance Schedule defined for the project not
properly defined leading to increase in
project completion time and this also leads
to Budget overflow
3 Requirements not properly
met
Requirements not properly met and road
developed in this project has quality issues
4 Legal issues Project gets delayed due to legal issues
relating to construction of roads and public
infrastructure

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Project B: Development of mobile phone relay station by company ABC
Risk Id Risk Description
1 Lack of budget The project has financial constraint which
has potential to delay the project and
affecting project quality as well
2 Delay in project Delay in equipment delivery and injury to
the team might delay the project
significantly
3 Lack of clarity about project
requirements
project requirements not clearly identified
in the project which affect proper and
effective execution of the project
4 Quality issues Equipment are not properly integrated in
the relay design and this lead to quality and
performance issue due to lack of quality
control in the project

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Project C: Development of ERP system by BCE Company
Risk Id Risk Description
1 Lack of clarity about project
requirements
project requirements not clearly identified
in the project
2 Changes in stakeholder
requirements
stakeholder requirements change during
project execution and this increases
complexity in the project which affects
project success
3 Performance issues information system has performance issue
and along with that security of the system is
not proper
4 System is too complex system is too much complex to execute its
functionalities
3.2 coordination between the project and the corporate direction
Project A Project B Project C
This project is in
accordance with the
corporate direction of the
The project is in accordance
with the corporate strategy of
the organization to ensure
This project is in accordance
with the corporate direction of
the company to develop

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT
company to develop
complex project to
enhance its portfolio as a
reputed construction
developer.
community development
through technology and
effective project execution.
complex information systems
to help organizations to
manage their organizational
process
3.3 Consequences of not completing the project within key performance indicators
1. Less control over project execution
2. Issues in project quality
3. Lack of stakeholder satisfaction
4. Delay in project delivery
3.4 Best approach for managing the project
Project A Project B Project C
The best approach for
managing the project:
1. Identification of
project issue
2. Development of
proper risk matrix
to prioritize project
risks
3. Design of risk
The best approach for
managing the project, with
particular focus on the key
issues with the project:
1. Identification of project
risks
2. Design of risk
mitigation plan
3. Enhance
The best approach for
managing the project, with
particular focus on the key
issues with the project:
1. Identification of
project issue
2. Development of proper
risk matrix to prioritize

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT
mitigation plan
4. Enhance
communication in
the project and
increase
coordination
within the team for
executing project
strategies
regarding project
issues
communication in the
project and increase
coordination within the
team
4. Stakeholder
engagement with the
project
project risks
3. Design of risk
mitigation plan
4. Enhance
communication in the
project
5. Involving stakeholders
throughout the project
execution
3.5 Undertaking similar types of project to the project that is reviewed
The organization should consider this kind of project as it is in accordance with their
corporate direction and strategies. Hence it will help the organization to enhance their reputation
as well. Therefore, this project is appropriate for the organization.

32
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
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