Managing Project Risks and Communications in Contemporary Construction Industry

The provided assignment content includes a range of sources on project management, including books, articles, and online resources. The texts cover various aspects of project management, such as infrastructure project management, built asset management, project communication tools, risk management in construction projects, production management, and project control techniques. The sources also touch upon the importance of post-implementation reviews to ensure that projects deliver their intended outcomes.

Project Management
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Table of Contents
MILESTONE 1.....................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Purpose of the project................................................................................................................5
1.2 Brief introduction about Perenco Company..............................................................................6
1.3 Project plan................................................................................................................................6
1.4 Project Scope.............................................................................................................................7
MILESTONE 2.....................................................................................................................................8
2.1 Business environment................................................................................................................8
2.2 Need of robust information or research in the project...............................................................9
2.3 Stakeholders analysis.................................................................................................................9
MILESTONE 3...................................................................................................................................12
3.1Risk analysis and control..........................................................................................................12
3.2 Access all resource capacity, capability and necessity relative to the proposed project..........13
MILESTONE 4...................................................................................................................................16
4.1 SMART Objectives..................................................................................................................16
4.2 Cost benefits analysis...............................................................................................................17
4.3 Non-financial benefits..............................................................................................................19
MILESTONE 5...................................................................................................................................21
5.1 Work Breakdown structure......................................................................................................21
5.2 Gantt chart................................................................................................................................22
5.3 Critical path..............................................................................................................................23
5.4 Project Control.........................................................................................................................23
5.5 Methodology............................................................................................................................24
5.6 Communication plan................................................................................................................24
MILESTONE 6...................................................................................................................................25
6.1 Termination and handover.......................................................................................................25
6.2 Post Implementation Review...................................................................................................26
6.3 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................28
References..........................................................................................................................................29
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List of figures
Figure 1 Work Breakdown structure of upgrading Perenco Company Website.................................21
Figure 2 Gantt Chart of upgrading Perenco Company Website.........................................................22
Figure 3 Critical path of upgrading Perenco Company Website........................................................23
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List of Table
Table 1: Project plan of upgrading Perenco Company website............................................................6
Table 2: Stakeholders analysis of Perenco Company.........................................................................10
Table 3: Risk analysis and control......................................................................................................12
Table 4: Resource review by using 5 M's Management.....................................................................13
Table 5: Personnel requirements assessment via RACI matrix..........................................................14
Table 6 Cash Budget for upgrading website of Perenco....................................................................17
Table 7 Return on Investment............................................................................................................18
Table 8 Forecasted Revenue...............................................................................................................19
Table 9 Payback Period......................................................................................................................19
Table 10: Communication plan for upgrading website project..........................................................24
Table 11: Post implementation review plan of upgrading website project.........................................26
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INTRODUCTION
Generally project management consider as a discipline for creating plan, organize and keep
control over action plan to achieve the objectives of the project. There are various reasons that
shows the need of project management process such as maintain right quality, increase productivity,
managing changes within the work, scheduling of the activities etc (What is project management,
2016). The present research is relating to the project management and to understand its importance
within the industry, an oil and gas sector is taking into the consideration. Perenco Company is a UK
top most oil and gas leading company in the world. Right now, for dealing with the customers at the
international level, organization want to upgrade its website initially at two biggest centres.
Intention behind this step is develop a better communication platform with the consumers, conduct
the business activities via digital channels, increase the sales of the products and take competitive
advantages (Adak and Yumuşak, 2013). Objectives will cover under the study are evaluation of time
and cost constrains of project plan, analysis of planning process and its management as well as
major components of project plan.
MILESTONE 1
1.1 Purpose of the project
Why it's needed?
From the give case study, it has found that the proposed project is relating to upgrade the
Website of Perenco Company. The need of up-gradation of firm's website is to create better
communication channel with the customers (Azimi and et.al. 2011). Along with this, to tell them
about new capabilities of the business and allow the new business partners to conduct their business
through digital channels with Perenco. Another reason of updating website of company is allowing
the service users to access the enterprise information such as current projects related to oil and gas,
norms and guidelines of making the contract with the firm for business purpose etc (Burke, 2013).
Along with this, it is delivering the opportunity to Perenco to prove its credibility where the
company can know about the prospective of the business clients and customers.
What will it achieve?
The aim of the proposed project is to help out the top management of Perenco to make
operational, tactical and strategic decisions in terms to increase the productivity of the business.
But, the most essential thing for which this plan is carrying out is establishing the better
communication with the business partners at international level, raise the sales figures and take
competitive advantages (Colin and Vanhoucke, 2014). The points or deliverables that will achieve
after updating Perenco Company website project are as follows.
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 Satisfy diversified needs of international customers by establishing good communication
channel (Flyvbjerg, 2013).
 Enable to take business related decisions and run the various operations.
 Deliver the right information to middle level management to make plan, schedule the
activities and make the control on the current projects.
 Help higher management to set out the goals, objectives and formulate various strategies to
implement plan (Gemünden, Huemann and Martinsuo, 2013).
1.2 Brief introduction about Perenco Company
Perenco Company is most leading Oil and Gas Company of UK and deal at international
level. It’s headquarter is situating in Paris and London. Basically, it is an Anglo French company
and perform production and operation activities in 13 countries in the world. Average volume of
production on per day basis is about to 250000 barrel which gains from both onshore and offshore
operations (Company overview, 2015). The founder of this company is Hubert Perrodo and it was
establishing in 1975. Additional products of Perenco Company that extract during exploration of oil
are LNG and natural gas. At present, 6000 employees are working in the company. The past records
of organization shows that total oil production of oil and gas in 2014 is about to 450,000 BOEPD.
Along with this, firm has introduced different health and safety measures for the employees for their
safety and security during the work. Success of Perenco relies on a team of dedicated technicians
and skilled engineers. Now, organization is considering social responsibility as an internal part of
business and focusing on sustainable development (Company overview, 2015). The aim of the
company is improving the quality of life of the people where it is currently operating its business
and operations. All business activities conduct by staff of Perenco are ethical and fair and this thing
enhance the reputation of the firm in the market place.
1.3 Project plan
Table 1: Project plan of upgrading Perenco Company website
WBS Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecess
ors
1 Upgrading Perenco Company
website 90 days Wed 4/6/16 Tue 8/9/16
1.1 Initiation phase 11 days Wed 4/6/16 Wed
4/20/16
1.1.1 Define strategy 1 day Wed 4/6/16 Wed 4/6/16
1.1.2 Review of existing website 2 days Thu 4/7/16 Fri 4/8/16 3
1.1.3 Determine issues in current 3 days Mon 4/11/16 Wed 4/13/16 4
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website
1.1.4 Documentation process 2 days Thu 4/14/16 Fri 4/15/16 5
1.1.5 Stakeholder analysis 3 days Mon 4/18/16 Wed 4/20/16 6
1.1.6 Risk assessment 4 days Mon 4/11/16 Thu 4/14/16 4
1.2 Planning phase 23 days Thu 4/21/16 Mon
5/23/16
1.2.1 Concept development 3 days Thu 4/21/16 Mon 4/25/16 7
1.2.2 Finalize plan 2 days Tue 4/26/16 Wed 4/27/16 10
1.2.3 Review of plan by client 4 days Thu 4/28/16 Tue 5/3/16 11
1.2.4 Acceptance of plan 1 day Wed 5/4/16 Wed 5/4/16 12,7
1.2.5 Allocation of resources 5 days Thu 5/5/16 Wed 5/11/16 13
1.2.6 Allocation of roles and
responsibilities 8 days Thu 5/12/16 Mon 5/23/16 14
1.3 Execution phase 34 days Tue 5/24/16 Fri 7/8/16
1.3.1 Reprogramming of website 10 days Tue 5/24/16 Mon 6/6/16 15
1.3.2 Customize database 6 days Tue 6/7/16 Tue 6/14/16 17
1.3.3 Errors checking 5 days Wed 6/15/16 Tue 6/21/16 18
1.3.4 Testing of functionality 5 days Wed 6/22/16 Tue 6/28/16 19
1.3.5 Correction in the coding 8 days Wed 6/29/16 Fri 7/8/16 20
1.4 Closing phase 22 days Mon
7/11/16 Tue 8/9/16
1.4.1 Documentation of entire process 5 days Mon 7/11/16 Fri 7/15/16 21
1.4.2 Handover of project 2 days Mon 7/18/16 Tue 7/19/16 23
1.4.3 Post implementation review 10 days Wed 7/20/16 Tue 8/2/16 24
1.4.4 Monitoring and controlling. 5 days Wed 8/3/16 Tue 8/9/16 25
1.4 Project Scope
Project scope is a part of project planning and it includes finding and documentation of
goals, objectives, aim, major deliverables, activities, time-frame and costs. It plays an important
role in website updating of Perenco Company because it clearly communicate the purpose of the
project to the team members. The project scope for the organization of the proposed plan is as
follow:
This project will consist of creating a good communication channel for the company to
better communicate with the customers. Major characteristics of the following project will meet the
overall needs of business, increase the sales and take competitive advantages on the market place.
These all will be achieve after completion of upgrading the organization objectives (Gyawali, Tao
and Müller, 2013). In near future, firm will consider its new upgrade website as a digital channel for
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the business and make the new business contact.
MILESTONE 2
2.1 Business environment
With the help of micro and macro environment analysis, business environment of Perenco
Company can be assess. The business environment assessment process is as follows:
Macro environment (PESTEL analysis): Political factors: It define the impact of political body on a business venture of Perenco.
Various decisions and policies of government of UK for oil and gas industry has directly or
indirectly affect the business operation of company (Hazır, 2015). Economic factors: It is representing by influence of the supply and demand on the oil and
gas prices, USD exchange rates, pricing of oil barrel in stock exchange, economic situation
of the region or country etc. For example, during the period of inflation, it may increase the
demand of wages from employees side that increase cost of the oil and gas of Perenco
(Kerzner, 2013). At the average rate o income grow, the demand of these products will raise. Social factors: It includes demography, religion, culture, income, ideological view etc.
Across the world, there is not any kind of society exist which is oppose in oil exploitation
and its use. Most of the people are considering oil and gas industry important for
development and welfare of the community. But, there are some unions that are believing
that Perenco types oil and gas companies are major cause of increase level of pollution in
environment (Lanata and et.al., 2015). So this kind of different culture view affect the
organization operations in negative manner. Technological factors: It is represented by techniques, methods and technologies which
either positively or negatively influence the business activities. Perenco Company use
various technologies for exploitation and exploration of oil and gas, transport it to the
refineries, storage methods etc (Meredith and Mantel Jr, 2011). In case of if the employees
of the organization are not able to use the technologies in proper manner than it will affect
the working of the firm in negative direction.
 Environment and legal factor: Climate, land form, rock structure etc of environmental
factors affect the business activities of Perenco. On the other hand, laws, norms, regulations
of local authority etc influence the oil and gas operations of organization.
Micro environment (SWOT analysis):
Strengths
 Strong and systematic product portfolio
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 Major contributor in oil and gas industry in the world
 Highly skilled and committed employees (Mubarak, 2015) Taking steps in the direction of achieving sustainable business
Weakness
 High cost structure of production of oil and gas High cost of research and development.
Opportunities
 Income level of consumer continuously increase which raise demand of the products in the
market (Müller and et.al., 2013). Increase the chances of new acquisitions or creating contact with new business partners
across the world.
Threats
 High competition and new technologies used by its core competitors
 Rapid changes in prices of oil and gas in respective industry
 New government rules and regulations
 Require high cost of setting of IT infrastructure (Nicholas and Steyn, 2012)
 Increase rates of interest of bank loans.
2.2 Need of robust information or research in the project
Every project is start with deep research because without knowing the needs and issues in
the existing work or system, it is hard to make improvements or innovation. In the case of proposed
project relating to upgrading Perenco Company website, there is a need of robust information
search. For this, the research can be made with the use of primary method (Pritchard, 2013).
Primary research helps in knowing the needs and expectations of the management as well as issues
in the current website. Along with this, it assist in determining the major characteristics of rival
firm's website (Smith and van den Berg, 2015). On the basis of this, the new changes can be
proposed and resolve various issues. Therefore, the collected data and information from primary
technique, a strong base for upgrading the website can be prepare.
2.3 Stakeholders analysis
Stakeholder analysis is a method of determining those group or individual people who are
affect or likely to be affected by the actions of the organization. It is used to sort of the stakeholders
according to the impact of the action (Svejvig and Andersen, 2015). For upgrading website of
Perenco Company, the stakeholder analysis is a as follows:
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Table 2: Stakeholders analysis of Perenco Company
No Stakeholder Names Internal or
external
Unique facts Level of
interest
Level of
influence
Suggestions on
managing
relationship
1 Project Sponsor Internal High High Always inform
them through
mails and
personal
meetings
2 Project Manager Internal Hard working
and wishful
High High Organizing
regular
meetings.
3 Marketing manager Internal Creative and
professional
High Medium Organizing
regular
meetings.
4 Financial manager Internal Highly
motivated and
good financial
management
skills
Medium Medium Organizing
regular
meetings.
5 Web developer External Great creative
website
developing
skills with
high
experience
Low Medium Project manager
needs to ensure
that plan in
running under
the given
timescale
6 Risk assessment
analyst
External Having the
good
knowledge
about different
risk
assessment
High High Organizing
regular
meetings.
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tools
7 Customers and
business clients
External Really interest
in this project
because of its
deliverables
High Low Project manager
needs to inform
youth about the
opening of
restaurant by
advertisement
and promotion.
8 Suppliers External Newly setup
of business
and waiting
for get first
big order.
High Low Project manager
needs to ensure
that all the
requirements
will be supplied
within given
time.
9 Steering Committee External Low Low Project Manager
needs to proper
communication
to ensure that all
standard have to
be meet.
10 Project board External
and Internal
Very
organized and
professional
High High Organizing
monthly
meetings to keep
them inform
about the
progress of
project.
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1, 2, 10
5
High
5
Power
9 3,4,6,7, 8
Low
Low Interest High
MILESTONE 3
3.1Risk analysis and control
For the proposed project of update Perenco Company website, Force Field Analysis tool for
risk assessment has used. With the help of this, it can be easily to explore two types of factors:
forces for change and forces against change (Cullen, 2014). On the basis of this, elements which are
oppose the changes may be consider under the risk category. So, for the following project, risk
analysis and control process is as follows.
Table 3: Risk analysis and control
Type of risk Impact of risk Probability of
occurrence
Response to
the risk
Contingency
planning
Organizational
fit
Not easily fit into the organizational
culture and not according to the
deliverables of the project plan
(Mar, 2013).
Low Avoid
Adopt Risk
Assessment
Strategy to
minimize
them
Skill mix It creates conflicts between because
of different working practice and
less coordination among the team
members.
Moderate Reduce
Website system Not able to support the High Transfer to
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High interest/low
power
Low interest/low
power
High power/low interest High power/high
interest

design software requirements of the project plan and
it negatively affect the deliverables
of work (Viswanathan, 2012).
third party
Technology
planning
Unable to upload the information
on the company website, increase
the risk of failure of the plan and
not support the existing systems
during interface.
High Reduce and
transfer it to
third party
Project
management
Not support the best practices of
communicating information to the
customers and unable to streamline
the different operations of company
which leads to increase cost
(Banaitiene and Banaitis,
2012).
Moderate Reduce
3.2 Access all resource capacity, capability and necessity relative to the proposed project
Resource Review: With the use of 5 M's of management method, need of the different resources in
Perenco Company website updating project can be determine. Resource review by using 5M's
technique is as follows:
Table 4: Resource review by using 5 M's Management
5 M's Capacity Capabilities Necessity
Men Essential skills to
accomplish the objectives.
Good knowledge regarding
the website development,
know different IT languages,
good experience in the field
of software development etc
(Turner, 2014).
Most Important because
human resource utilize
material, machines, money
and time in optimum way to
accomplish the objectives
of proposed project (Chiu-
Chi and et.al, 2013).
Minute Finish the work within
minimum time.
----------- More important because
without managing time, it
will be difficult to complete
the work within given
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limitations.
Machine Use to convert data into the
information which assist in
decision making process.
Easy to make interface
different systems with
organization website and
support during uploading
new information on websites
(Darren, 2012).
Essential because it help the
Perenco to communicate
with customers and allow
them to conduct business
via digital channels.
Materials Able to coordinate with
new systems and support
update website.
Capable to store large
amount of information in the
form of pictures, videos,
content etc. High speed
capability to load to page on
users systems.
Important because its play
an important role in
communicating the
important business
information to customers
(Dey, Clegg and Bennett,
2010)
Money Require huge investment to
buy machines and materials
-----------
Important because without
it, Perenco will not
purchase machines and
materials, give salary to the
employees, do not make
research on new products
etc (Kloppenborg, 2011).
Personnel requirement: To determine the requirements of personnel in proposed project of
Perenco Company, RACI matrix has used because it has explored responsibility assignment of
project team members.
Table 5: Personnel requirements assessment via RACI matrix
Personnel
requirements
Capacity Capabilities Necessity Responsibility
assignment
Project manager Dedicated means he
will work more than
10 hrs/ day.
Emotional
intelligence,
having adaptive
communication,
To deal with
crucial and critical
situations, take
right decision,
Responsible and
accountable
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good leadership
and managerial
skills, follow user
centric approach
and able to take
better decisions
(Kumaraswamy,
2011).
managing quality
of deliverables,
manage the cost of
the project and
schedule the
activities of plan.
Website
developer
High velocity
means he will work
5-10 hrs/ day
Good experience
in the field of
website
development,
know various IT
languages etc.
Able to handle
work pressure,
effectively update
the website and
resolve the issues
regarding loading
of pages at the
users side
(Simmons, Bland
and
Wojciechowski,
2012).
Inform
Network admin Low velocity means
he will work 2-3
hrs/day
Good experience
in working as a
network admin,
knowledge of
different network
infrastructure and
able to resolve the
network issues as
well as create
interface between
different systems
(Adak and
Yumuşak, 2013).
Install various
network
infrastructure,
solve network and
interface issues,
ensure
maintenance of
systems etc.
Inform and
Consult
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Quality analyst Low velocity means
he will work 2-3
hrs/ day
Good knowledge
about testing
software, able to
identify the issues
in the existing
work, develop
documents of
work on daily
basis etc (Azimi
and et.al., 2011).
Assessment of
new update
website, ensure
quality of work,
assess the
requirements of
company and
prepare test plan.
Accountable
Data base admin Moderate velocity
means he will work
2-6 hrs/ day
Good
understanding of
database system,
excellent problem
solving skills of
database
management and
meet the timelines.
Taking backup of
the data and
recover the
information during
breakdown of the
system, develop
and manage new
database and
update the existing
DBMS (Burke,
2013).
Consult and
Inform
MILESTONE 4
4.1 SMART Objectives
 To upgrade the firm's website in order to have better communication with customers by the
end of 2018
 To increase the sales for gas and oil by 40% by the end of 2018
 To attain competitive advantages within the market by 50% by the end of 2022.
4.2 Cost benefits analysis
Cost benefits can be determined as a process in which proper analysis is made for the
decisions related to business. On the of the main benefit which gets from cost benefit analysis is that
it evaluates the situation which arise within the business and the action related to business operation
are summed and then they it is subtracted for the cost associated with the action (Colin and
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Vanhoucke, 2014). In addition to this, it is the responsibility of the project manager to make
analysis for cost benefit and this is done in order to reduce the uncertainties and risk related with
finance can be minimized.
As per the given scenario, in order to enhance the functionality of upgrading website of
Perenco organization, project management is very helpful. Further, it is very helpful in improving
the overall communication system among customers around the world (Flyvbjerg, 2013). With this
respect, there are many costs which are associated to cited project which has to be considered by the
management. In this context, proper budget should be developed so as to effective decision can be
taken.
Initial investment:
The changes in technology is very frequent and cited firm do make change in their
technology according to changes which takes place. In this context, it is essential to update their
software in order to provide their customers or other stakeholders with better services. According to
the given case of Perenco, it has decided to make an initial investment of £300000 (Gemünden,
Huemann and Martinsuo, 2013). This will be helpful to carry out enter project of upgrading website
in appropriate way.
Cash Budget:
Table 6 Cash Budget for upgrading website of Perenco
Cash Budget Amount
(£)
Cash Inflow
Retained earnings 90000
Bank Loan 210000
Total Cash Inflow 300000
Cash Outflow
Purchasing cost of Hardware 60000
Market Research 4000
Purchasing cost of Software 20000
Charges for legal and registration (License fee) 25000
Purchasing cost of Communication and
infrastructure
10000
Working Capital 15000
Expenditure on Human resource 0
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Miscellaneous Expenses 5000
Telecommunication 10000
Loan Repayment 0
Service Fee 5000
Expense uncured for Training and Development 10000
Total Cash Outflow 164000
Return on Investment:
Table 7 Return on Investment
ROI
Year Inflow
1 130000
2 162500
3 203125
4 253906.25
Total inflow £749,531
Average inflow £187,383
average investment £200,000
ARR 93.69%
Forecasted Revenue:
According to the present advancement is technology and it was stated above, it is very
essential to make changes in their technology according to the changes which takes place in the
technology. By making improvement in technology, organization will be able to provide their
stakeholders with better and improved services (Gyawali, Tao and Müller, 2013). By making
improvement in the digital capabilities in the cited organization, the revenue of the company is
expected to raise by 30% on yearly basis.
Table 8 Forecasted Revenue
Sales Forecast Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4
Revenue From Gas and Oil 130000 162500 203125 253906.25
Payback Period:
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Table 9 Payback Period
Payback period
year Inflow Cumulative inflow
0 -£200,000 -£200,000
1 130000 -£70,000
2 162500 £92,500
3 203125 £295,625
4 253906.25 £549,531
1.5 Years
According to the above given payback period, 1.64 will be the breakeven point for project.
In addition to this, cited organization which is Perenco will be able to get desired result.
4.3 Non-financial benefits
Improvement of operational efficiency with the help of making improvements in available
accurate, reliability and by updating the gathered information. In addition to this, it is also helpful in
reducing the time consumed by exchange of information. In this context, there are many benefits
through improving capability of upgrading website project. (Hazır, 2015) Following are the few
benefits to Perenco:
Support in making effective decision: Through upgrading website, cited organization will be able
to assist time retrieval of up to date and accurate information. Through this management of the firm
will be able to make effective decisions for the future (Kerzner, 2013).
Productivity will increase: For any organization it is very important to come up with innovations or
new techniques which would help them to make the business operation effective. With this respect,
cited firm should be able to make advancement or innovation in their approaches so that the
business performance can be improved (Lanata and et.al., 2015).
Provides effective platform for customers: This is one of the main benefit which organization gets
through upgrading website as they are able to provide their customers with reliable and suitable
platform for communication (Meredith and Mantel Jr, 2011). In addition to this, they are easily able
to make interaction with their customers and the other officials of the firm and trade can be
conducted effectively around the world efficiently.
Improves job satisfaction: It enables to provide information to managers of middle level. Through
the information they can effectively plan, schedule and control the project effectively (Mubarak,
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2015). In addition to this, through this project top management will be able to set up goals, develop
methods for implement the plan and in developing strategies according to situations.
MILESTONE 5
5.1 Work Breakdown structure
Figure 1 Work Breakdown structure of upgrading Perenco Company Website
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5.2 Gantt chart
Figure 2 Gantt Chart of upgrading Perenco Company Website
5.3 Critical path
Figure 3 Critical path of upgrading Perenco Company Website
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5.4 Project Control
The success of a project is highly depending on use of effective control methods to ensure
that current project plan is able to meet the set objectives by following the set time and cost limits.
Perenco Company wants to update its website to establish the better communication with the
customers across the world (Sharma, 2011). In this context, project control methods needed to be
used to make the plan under control. Some project control techniques are as follows:
PRINCE 2: It is a project management standard which is also knowing as Project Controlled
Environment. It delivers guideline of best practices that relevant to the project. In the case of update
Perenco Company website, PRINCE 2 can be used a project control techniques. With the help of
this, it will be easy to set the flow of project activities, allocation of the resources and roles and
responsibilities among the staff members, handling contingency etc (Müller and et.al., 2013). So, it
will easy to compare to the actual working process to the set procedures and know whether the
project is under control or not.
Conducting meetings: Delays due to incomplete tasks can leads to delay in the project plan. The
result of this is it has increase the cost of the action plan as well as increase the completion time of
work (Nicholas and Steyn, 2012). By conducting the meeting on regular basis, it can be easy to
solve the issues and their causes in easier manner. Perenco Company website updating project can
be under control by conducting meetings. Here, the project manager can take the information from
team members about the progress of the action plan (Pritchard, 2013). By comparing it with the set
standards, it may be determine that either project is under control or not.
Documentation: It is consider as a project control where different decisions and discussions writing
down by preparing a formal report. With the help of this, website updating project can be control.
On the basis of this, some areas can be determine on which require more control (Smith and van
den Berg, 2015). The proper documentation process helps in resolve misunderstanding or
miscommunication situation in the project team
5.5 Methodology
The project management methodology is a model which is utilized by project manager and
its team members in the Parenco. It helps the organisation to plan, design, implement as well as
achieve the objectives of the project plan (Svejvig and Andersen, 2015). There is various type of
project methodology which are available for different kinds of projects. Further, management of
Perenco use many project methods such as Software development, Lean development and adaptive
project framework. Along with this, organisation also use Agile, System Development Life Cycle
(SDLC), Spiral, PRINCE 2, Scrum as well as traditional Waterfall model to provide consumers
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service in the market (Turner, 2014).
As per suggestion, management of Perenco can consider SDLC project methodology. In this
method, it is simple to combine two or more project methodology for achieving organisational
outcomes. Further, there is also reason to select system development life cycle for organisation
(Chiu-Chi and et.al, 2013). Generally, this process enable project manager for better controlling at
every stage of plan in the Perenco. In addition to this, it gives better facilities to assure that system
needs can be traceable as per the requirements of clients during development of project. So this
methodology provide reliability to manage work of organisation in a better way.
5.6 Communication plan
In project management, communication play important role for project management process
to manage its activities in the organisation. For suggested project, team member’s communication
also help to trace the progress level of plan (Darren, 2012). Further, effective interaction can be set
up between project manager and his team members by utilizing this communication plan in the
Perenco. Communication plan of organisation is described below in the table.
Table 10: Communication plan for upgrading website project
Types of
Communicati
on
Deliverables Description Delivery
approach
Frequency Owner Audience
Reviews and
meetings can
be conducted
Team
meetings
Meeting to
monitor
status of
project
Group
meeting
Within gap
of 7 days
Project
organizer
Project
manager,
Sponsor,
team as
well as
Quality
analyst.
Reports Status of
report
Timely
update on
developmen
t and
complexitie
s
Meetings
and mails
Within gap
of 7 days
Quality
analyst
Customer'
s
23

Demonstration Project
review
Project
status report
Meetings In a Month manager Customer'
s and
Project
team
members
Generic Discussions
of records
To describe
normal
problems,
clearing on
important
complexitie
s
Phone,
email,
meetings
and video
conferenc
e
As per
requiremen
t
Any
body
As per
requireme
nt
MILESTONE 6
6.1 Termination and handover
Termination and handover activity is a next stage after accomplishment of suggested project
in the organization. There are many steps which can be used by project manager to finish the
various contracts and handover results to customer.
Terminate all outstanding contracts: Before considering any steps, project manager should be
finalized all contracts with vendors along with suppliers in the Perenco (Kloppenborg, 2011). This
activity helps the organisation to maintain effective relationship with them in the market.
Handover responsibilities if any: Team members of project have various roles and responsibilities
to execute the termination process. So this process is a important for project manager of
organisation to define essential duties for their team members.
Release Resources: All resources like materials should be released or sold to recover appropriate
amount. This process provides effective reliability for management of organisation to manage its
operations in a appropriate manner (Kumaraswamy, 2011).
Document the result: In this process, project manager has to save all results to provide future
recommendation in the Perenco. This activity also helps management of firm to develop appropriate
strategies for clients.
Demonstration: Presentation is conducted for client for taking approval and rejection regarding
24

project. In addition to this, it also contribute effective role for corporation to know opinions and
suggestion regarding project (Simmons, Bland and Wojciechowski, 2012).
Representation of benefits: In this stage, project manager should represent the working as well as
advantages of suggested project in front of the Perenco, its staff members as well as stakeholders. In
addition to this, by designing Handover Summary Report, many benefits of this project can be
represented.
Transfer of documents: Project should handover all type of documents to clients like
maintenance manuals, specifications, coding or programming of the software as well as warranties
after of termination of project. This activity help the Perenco to manage better relationship with
clients in the market (Adak and Yumuşak, 2013).
6.2 Post Implementation Review
Post implementation review (PIR) is an activity which is conducted after termination of
project plan in the organization. The main purpose of this approach is to measure how successfully
plan is able meet desired objectives (What to Review. Post-Implementation Reviews: Making Sure
That What You Delivered Actually Works, 2015). In addition to this, it explains how effective project
management methods were able to keep the job on right track. Further, plan of PIR is described
below in the table for suggested project.
Table 11: Post implementation review plan of upgrading website project
Reviews Activities of reviews
Perform gap analysis Review of project is to measure how outcome of plan
match with quality level of deliverables, real objectives
in the Perenco. It also identify gaps and methods to close
them in an appropriate manner (Burke, 2013).
Measure whether the objective of
project were meet
Reviews of project is to determine the errors in the
deliverables, ensuring the working of system, functioning
of the plan, requirements of control system. In addition to
this, it helps Perenco to identify the comparison of real
outcomes with the desired results in the form of
scheduling, quality along with cost (Colin and
Vanhoucke, 2014).
Identification of satisfaction of client Management of Perenco evaluate that requirement of
clients are satisfied or not through taking proper
25

feedback from clients.
Determine the project costs and benefits Project manager of organization find out cost of plan to
know return on investment. This process is necessary for
Perenco to gain effective profit in the market (Flyvbjerg,
2013).
Identification of areas of future
development
Management of organization identify the opportunities
for future improvements and expected benefits. This
process helps the Perenco to do required changes to add
more value in the system (Gemünden, Huemann and
Martinsuo, 2013).
Findings as well as recommendations New Methods and areas contribute effective role for
corporation to bring better improvements in the new
project. In addition to this, it also aid the manager of
Perneco to consider corrective actions for maintaining
the performance of system. This activity aids the
organisation to increase its efficiency and productivity
which provide better reliability to offer effective IT
services to clients in the market (Meredith and Mantel Jr,
2011).
6.3 Conclusion
From the above project, it can be concluded that project management has important part of
every project. Perenco Company wanted to update its current website with the aim of better
communication with the customers, increase sales and take competitive advantages. With the help
of business environment, the different forces have identified which increase the needs of update the
website of company. The overall time duration of this project is 3 months. Force Field analysis has
determined the risk associated with the project. With the help of various terminated and handover
methods, the project manager has handover completed plan to Perenco Company. The entire project
has completed within the given time, cost and quality constraints.
26

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