Project Management Methodologies: Reasons for Adoption, Impact on Stakeholders, and Major Elements

This article discusses the reasons why organizations adopt project management methodologies, the impact of project management methodologies on stakeholders, and the major elements of a project management methodology that might meet the needs of an organization. It explains how project management satisfies the scope, time, and budget of a project, and how it creates a single vision for the team. It also discusses how project management helps to manage stakeholders by fulfilling their needs and requirements. The major elements of a project management methodology are initiation, planning, implementation, monitoring and controlling, and closure. The article provides evidence from a chemical industry to support the discussion.

PROJECT MANAGEMNET METHODOLOGIES
Consolidated Portfolio

Table of contents
1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................3
2 Course Learning Outcomes...........................................................................................................3
2.1 Learning Outcome 1: Explain reasons why organisations adopt Project Management
Methodologies...................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Learning Outcome 2: Critically analyse the impact of Project Management Methodologies
upon stakeholders..............................................................................................................................4
2.3 Learning outcome 3: Explain and justify the major elements of a Project Management
Methodology that might meet the needs of an organisation...............................................................4
3 Discussion and Conclusion............................................................................................................4
4 References.....................................................................................................................................4
5 Appendix.......................................................................................................................................4

1 INTRODUCTION
Project management is basically an application that uses process, methods, skills, knowledge
as well as experience so that the project objective is achieved (Mir and Pinnington 2014).
Whereas a project is considered as a unique, as well as a transient endeavor that is undertaken
for achieving the project objectives, mainly defined in term of output, benefits, and outcomes.
A project is only considered as a success if all the objectives of the project are fulfilled
maintaining all its criteria, and requirements within the specified timescale and estimated
budget.
The main factor that makes project management different from only management is that
project management has final delivery of the project within the timespan that is estimated for
the project to complete (Badewi 2016). Only management is considered as a process that is
ongoing. To complete a project on time, the professionals involved in project management
needs very wide range of abilities, along with technical skills, business awareness skills, as
well as people management skills.
2 COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
2.1 Learning Outcome 1: Explain reasons why organisations adopt Project Management
Methodologies
Summary (example only)
It can be learnt that project management is considered to satisfy three aspect of a triangle which
includes scope of the project, time of the project as well as budget of the project. But project
management is not only satisfying three aspects of the triangle (Verzuh 2015). It is much more than
that. But adopting project management within an organization, makes the team and the clients united.
The project management creates a single vision for the whole team so that it leads to success and
takes all the team members on a single track that will lead the project for success. When all the works
are managed properly within a project, then a positive impact reverberates among the team members.
Almost all organization from a chemical industry to a mechanical industry adopts project
management because it helps the organization to inherit many features. The features that an
organization acquire by implementing project management are as follows.
1. Strategic Alignment- Project management makes a strategic alignment in the project, it ensures
about what project is being delivered, the project that is being delivered is right or wrong, or the
project deliverables provides a real value in business opportunities (Crawford 2014).
2. Leadership- Project management in chemical industry is important because it helps to bring
leadership as well as focus in the projects.
3. Clear Focus & Objectives- Project management makes the focus clear and helps to execute the
plan effectively so that it can achieve its preferred goal.
4. Realistic Project Planning- Project management helps in ensuring proper expectations about what
is to be delivered and the time of delivery.
5. Quality Control- Project management helps to ensure the quality of the project mainly delivered in
chemical industries.

6. Risk Management- Not only in chemical industries, project management helps to mitigate the risk
in all industries that is related to the project (Boyle 2017). Project management helps to solve all the
project related issues.
7. Orderly Process- The project management in all organizations ensures the right people to do the
right work at scheduled time and the process is followed throughout the lifecycle of the project.
8. Continuous Oversight- Project management helps to track the progress of the project and reports
are made accordingly.
10. Learning and Managing from Failure and Success - Project management helps the team members
of the organization to learn from previous success and previous failures.
Evidence
The chemical industry which I have work for has implemented project management after three years
of its establishment in the year 2010. The industry was facing difficulty in managing its work and
process (Khan and Hashemi 2017). After adopting the project management in the chemical industry,
the industry was able to manage all its operations effectively.
2.2 Learning Outcome 2: Critically analyse the impact of Project Management
Methodologies upon stakeholders
Summary
To analyse the impact of Project Management Methodologies (PPM) on stakeholders, first of all it is
important to know that who is a stakeholder for an organization. Stakeholders are basically an
individual who either care for the organization or have invested some money or interest in the project
that organization is carrying on. In a chemical industry, the clients who takes products from the
industry are the stakeholders and the suppliers of raw materials of the industry are the stakeholders
(Serrador and Pinto 2015). When a project meets the need of all stakeholders in making the project
successful clearing all its objectives, then only a project is considered to be successful.
When the number of stakeholders increases in an organization, stress adds in projects and then
influences the complexity level of the project. To mitigate this issue, project management is very
helpful in all organization that deals with many stakeholders. Project management methodologies in
the organization manages the stakeholder by fulfilling all the needs and requirements of the
stakeholders. The more investment the stakeholders does in an industry, the degree of agreeing and
disagreeing with a decision influences much in a project complexity. So, PPM is most needed to
manage those issues.
PPM helps to manage the stakeholders in the following way.
Firstly, PPM in an organization should identify who the stakeholder is. A stakeholder can be
important to an organization, but it is not necessary that all those same stakeholders will be
important to a particular project. PPM identifies the stakeholders in an undertaking project.
Secondly, the PPM determines the power of stakeholders in a project and what intention the
stakeholders have in delivering the project successfully.
Thirdly, the relationship among all the stakeholders are to be determined to carrying out a project
(Silvius et al 2017). The PPM helps to maintain a good relationship in between the stakeholders
because if one stakeholder does not agree with a particular decision taken for the project. It is very
difficult to carry out the project further.

Evidence
The chemical industry that I work for is basically a small industry with many stakeholder. The
industry has many other branches over many cities and all the stakeholders are spread all over the
country (Zhang et al. 2017). The methodology in project management helped the organization to
control all the stakeholders. The organization takes a decision and the PPM makes all the
stakeholders to agree with that particular decision.
2.3 Learning outcome 3: Explain and justify the major elements of a Project
Management Methodology that might meet the needs of an organisation
Summary
Project Management Methodology (PPM) helps the organization to carry out the project in five
simple phases or steps, which are basically represented as elements of PPM. The elements that are
involved are discussed below.
The first element of PPM is the initiation phase. To meet the need of a project in an organization,
there must be a formal start or kick-off for the project. The initiation phase in a PPM defines the
purpose of project that is being carried out and also fixes the budget for the project. In initiation
phase, what the project aims to achieve must be defined, how the project will be able to achieve the
objective must also be defined. Project initiation also describe the scope of the project and the nature
of the project.
The second is the project planning and initiation phase. After the initiation phase, the planning for
achieving the objective of the project with the team is done (Svejvig and Andersen 2015). Set of plans
are prepared that will guide the project team to achieve those particular set of goals defined in the
initiation phase. The planning phase includes the time when the project will complete, cost of
completing the project and resources that are needed to complete the project. The quality of work is
also determined in project planning. Risks are measured and progress checkpoints are also
maintained in planning.
The third step is project implementation. When the plans that are made before are bought into action,
then the project implementation phase starts. The deliverables of the project are defined by the
project plan and if possible, they are divided into teams, suppliers and customers for signing.
The second last element in project management methodologies are project monitoring and
controlling. All the plans that are being implemented are to be monitored by project managers or
team leaders so that the execution of the project goes well (Marks, Majdalawieh and Ali 2018). The
performance of all team members are noted and daily meetings are held for further execution of the
project.
The last element is the project closure stage. In this the project is closed by satisfying all objective of
the project planned and delivering the project to the clients within the time period scheduled. This is
the final step in completing a project successfully.
Evidence
In a chemical industry, I am working as a team leader of 15 members in my team. I have a
project manager who monitors about the progress of the project. Before adopting the PPM in
my project, I was not able to synchronize my work (Kerzner and Kerzner 2017). There was
no schedule about which work to be done first and finish by what time. But after
implementing the elements project management methodologies, I was able to complete all the
objective of a project in scheduled time.

3 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
A project is basically successful when it achieves all the objective of that are defined
at the starting of the project. All the needs of the stakeholders are also to be meet while
delivering a successful project.
From the above discussion, it can be stated that by implementing the technologies of
project management, the disruption in a business is basically minimized. The business
processes in many cases are placed under single command of all skills, resources that are
needed as well as technologies needed to realize a project. The skills that are required needs a
particular project as well as resource that is available at that particular time.
4 REFERENCES
Badewi, A., 2016. The impact of project management (PM) and benefits management (BM)
practices on project success: Towards developing a project benefits governance framework.
International Journal of Project Management, 34(4), pp.761-778.
Boyle, G., 2017. Design project management. Routledge.
Crawford, J.K., 2014. Project management maturity model. CRC Press.
Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H.R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Khan, F. and Hashemi, S.J., 2017. Introduction. In Methods in Chemical Process Safety (Vol.
1, pp. 1-36). Elsevier.
Marks, A., Majdalawieh, M. and Al Ali, M., 2018. Projectification: Using Project
Management Methodology to Manage the Academic Program Review. World Academy of
Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical
Sciences, 5(8).
Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking
project management performance and project success. International journal of project
management, 32(2), pp.202-217.
Serrador, P. and Pinto, J.K., 2015. Does Agile work?—A quantitative analysis of agile
project success. International Journal of Project Management, 33(5), pp.1040-1051.
Silvius, A.G., Kampinga, M., Paniagua, S. and Mooi, H., 2017. Considering sustainability in
project management decision making; An investigation using Q-methodology. International
Journal of Project Management, 35(6), pp.1133-1150.
Svejvig, P. and Andersen, P., 2015. Rethinking project management: A structured literature
review with a critical look at the brave new world. International Journal of Project
Management, 33(2), pp.278-290.
Verzuh, E., 2015. The fast forward MBA in project management. John Wiley & Sons.
Zhang, C., Romagnoli, A., Zhou, L. and Kraft, M., 2017. Knowledge management of eco-
industrial park for efficient energy utilization through ontology-based approach. Applied
Energy, 204, pp.1412-1421.