Project Management Methodologies: Reasons, Impact and Major Elements

This article discusses the reasons why organizations adopt project management methodologies, their impact on stakeholders and the major elements of a project management methodology that might meet the needs of an organization. It covers the course learning outcomes of PPMP20009 and provides evidence from various literature. The article concludes that project management is an art that can be performed by all but only some are able to master it.

PROJECT MANAGEMNET METHODOLOGIES
PPMP20009
Consolidated Portfolio
STUDENT NAME: <insert>
STUDENT ID: <insert>
LECTURER: <insert>
CAMPUS: <insert>
TERM: 3, 2017

Table of contents
1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................3
2 Course Learning Outcomes...........................................................................................................3
2.1 Learning Outcome 1: Explain reasons why organisations adopt Project Management
Methodologies...................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Learning Outcome 2: Critically analyse the impact of Project Management Methodologies
upon stakeholders..............................................................................................................................4
2.3 Learning outcome 3: Explain and justify the major elements of a Project Management
Methodology that might meet the needs of an organisation...............................................................5
3 Discussion and Conclusion............................................................................................................6
4 References.....................................................................................................................................6
5 Appendix.......................................................................................................................................7
5.1 Portfolio 1..............................................................................................................................8
5.2 Portfolio 2..............................................................................................................................8
5.3 Portfolio 3..............................................................................................................................8
5.4 Portfolio 4..............................................................................................................................8
5.5 Portfolio 5..............................................................................................................................8
5.6 Portfolio 6..............................................................................................................................8
5.7 Portfolio 7..............................................................................................................................8
5.8 Portfolio 8..............................................................................................................................8
5.9 Portfolio 9..............................................................................................................................8
5.10 Portfolio 10............................................................................................................................8
5.11 Supporting documents...........................................................................................................8

1 INTRODUCTION
Project management is the art of creating the right set of structured plans and making
informed decisions that would amount towards the collective goal, which must be achieved to
determine the success of the project endeavours (Berkun 2005). A successful project is the
outcome of five specific phases that must be implemented to close the project. The project is
first defined and then a plan is created that would cover all the aspects of the project
including a contingency setup. This plan is then executed by managing the participants of the
project. The project is thus closed after achieving the required outcome. This entire process is
managed using specific methodologies that provide a suitable structure to the project. The
project manager is responsible for the choice of the methodology, which directly impacts all
the stakeholders of the project.
2 COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
2.1 Learning Outcome 1: Explain reasons why organisations adopt Project Management
Methodologies
Summary
Organizations undertake different project and strive to deliver the best solution possible to their
clients. Since the birth of structured organizations, they started using the process of management for
their projects. Project management ensured on time delivery while maintaining the quality of the
project outcome (Project Management Institute 1987). Increase in productivity was also achieved
using adequate project management. However, the projects that were managed by each organization
was low in number and less complex than the projects that are handled these days. Organizations take
on the maximum number of projects possible to maximize their profit. This laid a lot of pressure on
the project managers who tried to manage every project as precisely as possible. Thus, the project
management methodologies came into existence that aided by giving project management a proper
structure to follow. These methodologies increased productivity and quality. Several methodologies
were developed to evaluate and execute the different types of projects that were available to the
organizations. These methodologies ranged from waterfall to agile (Špundak 2014). The choice of the
methodology depended on the nature of the project it was applied on. Thus, organizations adopted
these well-structured methodologies to execute and close their projects.
Evidence
Extensive study into the history of project management proved that these methodologies were utilized
to get structured outcomes from the commenced projects. Several literatures have been read to
identify and analyse the need for project management methodologies. In 1917, Henry L. Gantt created
the Gannt Chart that was used to visually depict the structure of the project plan (Sharon and Dori
2017). Gannt Chart is still used for providing project timelines to effectively manage projects. Harold
Kerzner in his literature clearly elaborated on the different project management methodologies that
can be used for different types of project management (Kerzner and Kerzner 2017). These project

management methodologies gained their importance and success once the organizations started to
maximise their profits using these methods of project management. Further analysing these methods, I
have come to understand that the project manager is responsible for selecting the most suitable
methodology to utilize to fulfil the purposes of project management. Organizations undertake
extensive training methods to select the most qualified project managers (JOSEPH. PHILLIPS, CBAP
and PMP 2018). An extensive and scrutinizing procedure is used for recruiting the managers and their
respective project teams. This process ensures that the teams would consist of the necessary team
dynamics to work towards achieving the common goals and objectives of the organization (Layton
and Ostermiller 2017). Thus, they would be able to implement the correct project management
methodologies selected by the organization for successful project closure.
2.2 Learning Outcome 2: Critically analyse the impact of Project Management
Methodologies upon stakeholders
Summary
The stakeholders of a project are every person who can benefit directly from the completion of the
project. The list of stakeholders of a project range from the project manager and to the client and
everyone lying in between. The different project management methodologies have a direct impact on
the stakeholders of a project. Each methodology has a different impact on the stakeholders (Li, Hao
and Ren 2015). Methodologies that are inflexible in nature provide the stakeholders with a predictive
outcome. Every stakeholder desires a predictive or forecasted outcome. However, such methodologies
do not provide any flexibility during the execution phase. Every step is a result of the preceding step.
The former steps cannot be revisited for any modification. An enormous amount of time is lost and a
huge amount of cost is incurred in the event of any change if required. Such changes create huge
stress on the project team as now they must revisit the previous stages of a project and that is going to
consume a huge amount of resources. Risk management is also not optimum in these methodologies
(McNeil, Frey and Embrechts 2015), further integration takes a lot of time and effort after the
planning phase is over. On the other hand, the stakeholders are oblivious to the outcome of the project
in the event of adaptive and agile methodologies (Bonner et al. 2016). These methodologies are used
when the scope of the project or some of the requirements of the project are changed during the
execution phase of the project. To respond to these changes, such methodologies are appropriate.
However, the stakeholders cannot predict the nature of the consequence and the time it would take to
close the project. However, risk management is very efficient in these methodologies.
Evidence
The learning outcome from the literature shows that the stakeholders are directly impacted from the
choice of the project management methodologies. The most fitting methodology must be selected
depending on the scenario of the project and the stakeholders directly associated to the project. The
inflexible methods can be chosen if the client is entirely sure of his or her requirements and he or she
expects from the outcome of the project. Extensive planning is involved in these methods as after this
phase is over, no further changes can be made to the scope and the objectives of the project
(Velayudhan and Thomas 2016). However, if the client is unsure of the requirements and his or her

expectations, the flexible approach is mandatory. Such cases happen primarily in IT projects, where
the client is conveying the wrong sets of requirements to the project team. Thus, the methodologies
required for managing a project poses a direct impact on the stakeholders who are affiliated to the
project.
2.3 Learning outcome 3: Explain and justify the major elements of a Project
Management Methodology that might meet the needs of an organisation
Summary
There are three primary needs of an organization. The first need is increased productivity. Every
organization has a limited amount of resources. These resources must be efficiently managed to
achieve the best productivity possible (Heagney 2016). Resource management is inherent in these
methodologies. Implementing any methodology directly affects the resource management to be
implemented in a project. However, some methodologies such as the waterfall methodology
designates a fixed amount of resources required for the project during the project-planning phase. On
the other hand, the flexible methodologies such as the adaptive method allocates more resources to the
project when required to handle any abrupt situation. Thus, organizations use resource management to
minimize the amount of resources required by implementing resource planning. The second need is
increases profitability. With the implementation of an efficient resource planning, organizations
would incur less cost due to proper resource allocation. Profit is also maximised by minimising the
amount of waste materials especially in the production related projects where controlling waste
generation is a big necessity. Using the right methodology will meet the need to maximise the profit
of an organization. The third need is client satisfaction. The recent market structure is centred on
satisfying the client. Success and business flow is measured on the satisfaction level of the client.
Thus, a constant pipeline of business is maintained. This is however crucial as more business is the
goal of any organization. More business would mean more revenue generation. The right
methodology would mean that the client would be satisfied with the outcome of the project as they
can request many changes depending on the gravity and the viability of the changes.
Evidence
Various literature supports the case of organizational needs being met by project management
methodologies. Selecting the right methodology is necessary for determining whether one or all three
needs of the organization are met. Minimizing waste and maximising profit is coveted by every
organization (Stark 2015). However, such needs might not be met in the expected magnitude due to
unforeseen events and lack of risk management procedures to handle those events. It is important to
analyse every situation and the corresponding methodology. The selection of the correct methodology
is thus vital for increased customer satisfaction, maximum productivity and profitability.

3 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Throughout 12 weeks of learning about project management methodologies, I have
understood the fundamental knowledge of project management and the various complexities
involved with it. I have studied different literature and analysed them to understand various
activities related to project management. Project management is a necessity to achieve
successful project closures (Fleming and Koppelman 2016). Following specific
methodologies are imperative to assert the importance of the projects and their respective life
cycles. However, organizations must select the best employees possible who are qualified to
take on the projects for their organizations and achieve the designated common goal for all.
The project manager must be selected after proper scrutiny so that the manager’s knowledge
and skills are compliant with the needs of the project. After this procedure is complete, the
senior management assumes the responsibility of the project. The project executive is
responsible for determining the project scope by communicating with the client. I have learnt
that this scope must remain unchanged. Scope creep must be eliminated through proper scope
management (Madhuri, Suma and Mokashi 2018). However, there are certain times when this
scope must be changed due to some miscommunication or due to a change in the requirement
of the client. A change in the project scope would change the objectives and the goals of the
project. The project manager is responsible for managing the project, the team and oversees
that the objectives of the project is met. I have conducted extensive study to understand the
importance of a work breakdown structure in project management. Certain tasks can be
complicated to perform. Therefore, such tasks must be decomposed into smaller and simpler
tasks so that they can be completed easily. The deliverables of the project must be properly
conveyed to the client to prevent any miscommunication about the outcome of the project.
The project manager thus creates the necessary plans required for project execution and
closure. These plans include strategic planning, tactical planning and operational planning
(Turner 2016). However, there is also one more kind of planning that is required for
successfully handling any situation, it is contingency planning. Every project manager is
responsible for creating the best planning possible for his or her project. However, the best
project manager will undoubtedly develop a contingency plan including every scenario
possible, which might be disadvantageous for the project.
Thus, I can conclude that project management is an art that can be performed by all but only
some are able master it.
4 REFERENCES
Berkun, S., 2005. The art of project management (pp. I-XII). O'reilly.
Bonner, N.A., Kulangara, N., Nerur, S. and Teng, J.T., 2016. An Empirical Investigation of the
Perceived Benefits of Agile Methodologies Using an Innovation-Theoretical model. Journal of
Database Management (JDM), 27(3), pp.38-63.
Fleming, Q.W. and Koppelman, J.M., 2016, December. Earned value project management. Project
Management Institute.
Heagney, J., 2016. Fundamentals of project management. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn.

JOSEPH. PHILLIPS, P.M.P., CBAP, I. and PMP, C., 2018. PMP PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROFESSIONAL
STUDY GUIDE. McGraw-Hill Education.
Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H.R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Layton, M.C. and Ostermiller, S.J., 2017. Agile project management for dummies. John Wiley & Sons.
Li, Y., Hao, S. and Ren, X., 2015. Research on the Conflict Management of Stakeholders in a
Construction Project. In ICCREM 2015 (pp. 733-740).
Madhuri, K.L., Suma, V. and Mokashi, U.M., 2018. A triangular perception of scope creep influencing
the project success. International Journal of Business Information Systems, 27(1), pp.69-85.
McNeil, A.J., Frey, R. and Embrechts, P., 2015. Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques
and tools. Princeton university press.
Project Management Institute, 1987. Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK). Project
Management Institute.
Sharon, A. and Dori, D., 2017. Model‐Based Project‐Product Lifecycle Management and Gantt Chart
Models: A Comparative Study. Systems Engineering, 20(5), pp.447-466.
Špundak, M., 2014. Mixed agile/traditional project management methodology–reality or
illusion?. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 119, pp.939-948.
Stark, J., 2015. Product lifecycle management. In Product Lifecycle Management (Volume 1) (pp. 1-
29). Springer, Cham.
Turner, R., 2016. Gower handbook of project management. Routledge.
Velayudhan, D.P. and Thomas, S., 2016. Measuring Project Success: Emergence of Dimensions. The
International Journal of Business & Management, 4(4), p.48.

5 APPENDIX
(Attach all your 10 portfolios)
5.1 Portfolio 1
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Why Project
Management?
 The Project Management is a course
in which we study about how to
develop/construct a product
according to user requirements and
specifications.
 In this course we learn how to start,
plan, execute and close a project.
 The Leadership bring the direction to
project
The Project managements is very important
to us because is ensures what it is being
deliver, is right and will deliver real valve
product to the customer against the
business opportunities, to satisfy the
customer and to know how it comes under
the Strategic alignments.
 The clear focus and objectives is
ensuring a proper plan for
executing on strategic goals.
 And also, the realistic project
planning will keep proper
expectations to set around what
we delivered, by when, and for
how much.
http://www.thedigitalprojectmanager.com/
why-is-project-management-important/
Lecture Slide
 Process Group to develop the
documents.
 Role of Project manager
 Importance of in time submission.
 How cone of learning is useful for
“passive active”.
 Changes and Development of Project
management methods and
technologies from the Ancient
History.
 Author explains about the
Stakeholders influence in the project
management process.
 There are 5 process groups in a
project called initiation, planning,
executing, monitoring & control
and closure. These steps are plays
a key role in a project.
 A performance of a project
manager in an organisation to lead
the team in achievement the
project objectives and
responsibilities
 The main success of the project is
completing in a allocated schedule,
within a budget provided and also
the acceptable by the
users/customer’s specification
levels.
 Passive active plays a main role
which impact/shows how to
participate in a given project within
a time period given to them.

(PMBok 2013)/ (Stackpole Snyder, 2013)
Kerzner
Chapter 1
 Basic concept
 Definition and functional role of
project manager, project employee
and executives.
 How 16 points helps to adulthood in
project management.
 Risk is the main and important factor
in which it plays an important role for
the processing of a successful project
completion.
 Closing a project also plays a key role
in which it mentions that overall
project pros and cons.
 The author explain that the
methodologies of the project was
improving day by day according to
the user’s requirements.
 Many software’s and techniques
came into contact for the better
performance/design a product
with particular specification
provided by the users.
 How the critical thinking of the
project manager impacts on each
and every employee to develop
and completion of an agreed
project.
(Kerzner, 2009)
Internet  Differences between project driven
and non-project driven organisation.
 4p’s of project management are very
important.
P- Plan
P- Process
P- People
P- Power
 In a Project based organisational
structure shows that the company
has a particular project manager
who leads the employees who are
often worked in different
departments with different job
titles for a particular project.
 In other hands non-project driven
organisation is an umbrella
category which is not designed
around the projects, it organised in
functional model.
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/difference-
between-project-based-nonproject-based-
organizations-34050.html/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Project_management
Egelstaff
(2013)
Academic
assignments:
Critical
 Australian Qualification Framework
(AQF)
 It is national policy for regulating
the Australian education and
training qualification. It
incorporates qualification from the
training sector and education into
https://www.aqf.edu.au/

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
thinking and
writing
critically
a single comprehensive national
qualification framework.
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
The Project managements is very important to us because is ensures what it is being deliver, is right and will deliver real valve product to the customer against the
business opportunities, to satisfy the customer and to know how it comes under the Strategic alignments. There are 5 process groups in a project called initiation,
planning, executing, monitoring & control and closure. These steps are plays a key role in a project. The main success of the project is completing in a allocated
schedule, within a budget provided and also the acceptable by the users/customer’s specification levels. Many software’s and techniques came into contact for the
better performance/design a product with particular specification provided by the users.
5.2 Portfolio 2
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Project
Management
History
 The success or failure of a project is
depending upon the project manager
performance. How active his
dedication on works, staffing
employees, office environment,
managing schedule, scope and risk.
 The revolution of project
management is updating from the
ancient period.
1. In history the project
management is depends
upon the man power.
2. In 19th century it is
developed into machines.
3. Now, the project is
performing on the
Computer systems, Analysis
and simulations.
 Many sculpture and buildings in
Ancient history are now wonders
to us. How planning and
architecture at that time was
construct using only help of man
power.
 And now there are remains as a
wonder but still the planning and
construction of pyramids remains
mystery.
 Henry Gantt was the founder of
Gantt chart and father of planning
and control techniques.
 His Gantt chart is used to
monitoring and managing the
project.
 The overall conclusion developed
according to my knowledge and
reading historical books.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Project_management
Lecture Slide
 Project management
methodologies
 Causes of project failure and its
impacts.
 Faces of failure from 1990s
 Stage gate process and review
In this lecture it also explains about the
situations in which single enterprise project
management is to be consider.
 The failure and success of a project
depends upon the budget,
schedule and benefits realisation.
 If the project fails, it impacts to the
project manager’s job. The
customer simply points out him
instead of his team members.
 In history, the main face of project
failure based on the ineffectiveness
in project objectives and
methodologies.
 in every project stage gate process
plays an important role in which it
determines the checklist for every
on-going process in a specific
schedule.
Kerzner (2010)
Kerzner
Chapter 21
 The author explains about the Body
of Knowledge (Bok) in which the
project manager has to take action
during the undertaking project.
 About project management
 Project Success
 The measure the project success id
depends on the components of a
project plan, stage gate process and
evaluation of strategic process.
 Project management is depending
on cost, quality, schedule, and
scope management.
 Completion of a project within a
schedule and cost, to satisfy the
stakeholder expectancies’ is called
project success.
 https://www.bayt.com/en/
specialties/q/29852/what-do-you-
think-project-management-is-all-
about/
 https://www.google.com.au/search?
client=firefox-
b&dcr=0&ei=ov0XWsehCMGw8wX9j6
HQBQ&q=what+is+Project+Success&o
q=what+is+Project+Success&gs_l=psy-
ab.3..0l5j0i22i30k1l5.7984.15360.0.163
05.1.1.0.0.0.0.272.272.2-
1.1.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-
ab..0.1.270....0.9JbumMpkaHs

Tutorial  My activities
 Difference between project success
and project management can be
expressed on requirement and
expectation of a stakeholder. If he
satisfies the project, handover by a
project manager is successful project
if not failure project.
My weekly activity on a project is categorise
into 3 steps. Selecting a case study of both
success and failure project. Understanding
which risk is make them a such result. And
then I will apply on future undertaking
project.
 https://pmhut.com/differentiating-
between-project-success-and-
project-management-success

Internet  The project management forefather  Although PM was rounded from  https://www.google.com.au/search?

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
was Henry Gantt. Based on his
planning and control techniques
concepts of PM was developed.
 The Gantt chart tool named after him
is used for the panning and schedule
of a project.
 The creation of the 5 management
functions was a Henri Fayol. These
functions form the foundation of the
body of knowledge associated with
project and program management.
 The growth of the Project
management was started at the time
of mid-19th century.
ancient time, but there are the
only the minor which complete
within a day.
 Actual Project management was
undertaking the transcontinental
railroad in modern time.
 Last 30-40 years the scope of
project management was
developed rapidly. The growth in
this field was increasing day by
day.
q=project+management+history&ie=u
tf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-
b&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=ra8XWsSIB8zN
8geopIOYCg
 https://www.ims-web.com/blog/a-
brief-history-of-project-management
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
Many sculpture and buildings in Ancient history are now wonders to us. How planning and architecture at that time was construct using only help of man power. And
now there are remains as a wonder but still the planning and construction of pyramids remains mystery. Henry Gantt was the founder of Gantt chart and father of
planning and control techniques. His Gantt chart is used to monitoring and managing the project. The failure and success of a project depends upon the budget,
schedule and benefits realisation. If the project fails, it impacts to the project manager’s job. The customer simply points out him instead of his team members.
The project management forefather was Henry Gantt. Based on his planning and control techniques concepts of PM was developed. The Gantt chart tool named after
him is used for the panning and schedule of a project. The creation of the 5 management functions was a Henri Fayol. These functions form the foundation of the body
of knowledge associated with project and program management. The growth of the Project management was started at the time of mid-19th century.
Although PM was rounded from ancient time, but there are the only the minor which complete within a day. Actual Project management was undertaking the
transcontinental railroad in modern time. Last 30-40 years the scope of project management was developed rapidly. The growth in this field was increasing day by day.
5.3 Portfolio 3
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Project
management
professionalism
 The course of any project and
business-related matters in a
professionalism refers to being able
to encourage respect and honesty.
 It is also defined as the framework of
a project manager to build the team
members according to the
requirement for a particular project
to complete with a perfect
assumption.
 The main aim of a project manager
was to select the team members
from different organisation in
which there are professional in
their sector for a signed project.
 project management
methodologies and manager role
are important to develop the
project functional ability.
 http://pmtips.net/blog-new/
maintaining-project-management-
professionalism
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Project_Management_Professional
Lecture Slide  The professionalism of a project
manager mainly depends on staffing
a project, project office environment.
 The skills have to be consider for the
staffing was good communication,
technical and management expertise
as well.
 The responsibility of project
manager has to be clear view of a
project functional unit.
 The characteristics of a project
objectives plays a key role for a
project success and failure.
 https://www.google.com.au/search?
ei=TjIhWpXICcS00ASd4bSQAQ&q=ben
efits+of+using+project+management&
oq=benefits+of+using+project+manage
ment&gs_l=psy-
ab.3..0l4j0i22i30k1l6.3513823.3515546
.0.3516354.21.7.0.0.0.0.417.718.3-
1j1.2.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-
ab..19.2.716...0i67k1.0.7pZ6z9mTclA
Tutorial  After reading about the history of
project management I have examine
that the development of a project
techniques, critical thinking was
updating gradually. These leads the
worlds contributing.
 The benefits of a project
management will notice when we
start using some sort of project
management software’s.
 The collaboration between team
easily and to make better schedule
and track the project status so,
that we can delegate tasks easily.
 https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=2y4hWrGVDsWe0gT5p7
SgBg&q=Project+Manager+roles&oq=P
roject+Manager+roles&gs_l=psy-
ab.3...878138.878138.0.879205.1.1.0.0
.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-
ab..1.0.0....0._8eXDli0DWI
Kerzner
Chapter 4 & 8
 Some special cases also include for
team building, if the project manager
fails these cases the project will
failure
 The barriers to effective team
building was shows the project
success or failure.
 The project management office
environment plays a role which
also leads to project success. In this
monitoring, controlling time, cost
and performance.
 The author also explains about
the morality, ethics, and
corporate culture in a business
or organisation in modern
environment.
 (Kerzner, 2014) Chapter 4 (TABLE 5–
2)
 (Kerzner, 2014)Chapter 8 (PMBoK
Guide 5th edition)
Internet  The modern construction, According to author Pawel Brodzinski  https://www.pmi.org/learning/

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
organisation and structuring project
work required significant project
management skills and capabilities.
Even though the professionalism
does not form a distinct occupational
group, so that the decision-making
skills of a project manager leads to
the success or failure of a take up
project.
the professionalism in a project
management depends on atleast two
perspectives
 To perceive project management in
high level opinion in general
professionalism
 Subjective and personal approach
with all specific of fulfilled role,
work environment, surrounding
organisation and, finally, own
character.
library/professionalism-project-
management-9526
 https://www.arraspeople.co.uk/camel-
blog/arras-people/what-
professionalism-means-in-project-
management/
Journals &
Standards
 PMJ
 Examining the Benefits of Project
Management Professional (PMP)
Certification for IS Project Managers
and Organizations
 The project management
professional (PMP) certification has
gained a positive reputation among
project managers as well as with HR
managers and recruiters.
 The project management include
an easier job search, instant
credentials, providing a challenge,
a higher billable rate for project
managers, a common language,
more satisfied and more confident
project managers, and more
successful projects. Factors that
motivate project managers to
pursue PMP certification include
paying for PMI dues, paying for
exam fees, encouragement by co-
workers, and public recognition.
 Journal of International Technology
and Information Management (Volume
13|Issue 4)
 https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=1kUhWrW8Csqd0gSQ7
pO4CQ&q=Project+management+prof
essionalism+journals&oq=Project+man
agement+professionalism+journals&gs
_l=psy-
ab.3...3536.26514.0.26895.16.16.0.0.0.
0.2117.4509.3-1j6-
1j1j0j1.4.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-
ab..12.3.4121...0i22i30k1j0i22i10i30k1j
33i160k1j33i21k1.0.igwNPTA0NqU
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
The course of any project and business-related matters in a professionalism refers to being able to encourage respect and honesty. It is also defined as the
framework of a project manager to build the team members according to the requirement for a particular project to complete with a perfect assumption. The main aim of
a project manager was to select the team members from different organisation in which there are professional in their sector for a signed project. The professionalism of a
project manager mainly depends on staffing a project, project office environment. The skills have to be consider for the staffing was good communication, technical and
management expertise as well. After reading about the history of project management I have examine that the development of a project techniques, critical thinking was
updating gradually. These leads the worlds contributing project management methodologies and manager role are important to develop the project functional ability. The
benefits of a project management will notice when we start using some sort of project management software’s. The collaboration between team easily and to make better
schedule and track the project status so, that we can delegate tasks easily. According to author Pawel Brodzinski the professionalism in a project management
depends on at least two perspectives to perceive project management in high level opinion in general professionalism Subjective and personal approach with all specific
of fulfilled role, work environment, surrounding organisation and, finally, own character.
5.4 Portfolio 4
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Legislation When a parliament approve any policy or
statutes through a process of voting or
debate. This law made by the federal or
territory parliament. Generally, it is called as
Act of Parliament.
In my personal experiences the legislation in
an important factor in every undertaking
project. According to the Govt. rules and
regulation this law of agreement is
mandatory for project manager to take a
written agreement about budget and
schedule and other are includes.
Managing Projects with Legislative Implications
(Version 1.1, November 2008)
Standards Any project which is developed and approved
under the consensus-based process that
insures all interested stakeholder participation
is called as PMI Standards.
For every project some basic things are
required which provide generic guidance,
explain core principles and constitute good
practice in project management. This type
of standards is required to ensure that
project management knowledge.
https://www.pmi.org/pmbok-guide-standards/
about
Frameworks As my learning knowledge the framework is
imagination of a project manager. He has to
estimate the entire project plan which
involves lifecycle, control cycle, tools and
templates for a project.
Designing a project or generic process
which describe the project’s lifecycle from
initiation to termination.
(Kerzner, 2014)
guidelines The success or failure of any project is
depending upon the proper guidance
developed by a project manager.it involves
selection team members, framework,
standards, estimation and many others.
It is also called roadmap for all projects
completion. For successful project the team
leader has to face many difficulties along
with the team members to complete his
journey to the success.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=standards+in+project+management&rlz=1C1
CHBF_en-
GBAU773AU773&oq=standards+in+project+&a
qs=chrome.0.0j69i57j0l4.6573j0j8&sourceid=ch
rome&ie=UTF-8
methodologies The methodologies are a guidance process to
the project management which involves
detailed requirement.
It is also called waterfall process or other
linear process which contains traditional
methodologies.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
client=firefox-
b&dcr=0&ei=B_ovWpHHFYmk8AWWvKLwCA&q
=legislation+definition&oq=legislation+&gs
Kerzner
Chapter 3
Author explains that these five topics are
interlinked with each other. This is a chain
process which has to follow another.
(Kerzner, 2013)
(Implementing organizational project
management: a practice guide, n.d.)

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Internet The standers process and procedure of a
project to make certain documentation with
the help of templates. These guidelines are
used to build the project execution
framework.
I have seen that flexible and methodologies
is to be used in information technologies
service projects these intended as a
standard project execution framework.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
client=firefox-b-
ab&dcr=0&ei=tCozWonSOIGY8wWos6nIAw
&q=journals+on+Legislation%2C+standards
%2C+frameworks%2C+guidelines
%2C+methodologies.&oq
How can
project
management
deliver
successful
projects?
To make and run a project to success project
manager has to choose right team members,
project sponsors should be in special
stakeholders. They should be participate in
risk analysis and risk mitigation planning
sessions.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
client=firefox-b-
ab&dcr=0&ei=IywzWsqEH8iQ8gXC2YnwCw&q=
How+can+project+management+deliver+succes
sful+projects
%3F+&oq=How+can+project+management+deli
ver+successful+projects%3F+&gs
How would you
describe
project
management
effectiveness?
In my point of view the effectiveness is away
that project manager has to use manage any
problem or risk when resources are tight. It is
very important to make best use of it.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
client=firefox-b-ab&dcr=0&ei=CjgzWpL-
NpLK8wWkm4_4DQ&q=How+would+you+descr
ibe+project+management+effectiveness
%3F+&oq=How+would+you+describe+project+
management+effectiveness%3F+&gs
Is controlling
expectations
important for
success?
Why? How?
Foe every project there should an
expectation, but the problem is how the
project manager reach to his expectation
along with his team members will show the
results according to them.
https://www.entrepreneurs-journey.com/
8750/expectation-management/
What is an
example of
best practice in
your life?
My examination preparation is my best
practice. I will divide my subjects into two
categories. Easier and harder, and them I will
give more time to harder and less time to
easier.so, that I can manage my time for
complete preparation.
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
The standers process and procedure of a project to make certain documentation with the help of templates. These guidelines are used to build the project execution
framework. Author explains that these five topics are interlinked with each other. This is a chain process which has to follow another. My examination preparation is my
best practice. I will divide my subjects into two categories. Easier and harder, and them I will give more time to harder and less time to easier.so, that I can manage my time
for complete preparation.
5.5 Portfolio 5
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Lecture Slide  In this lecture the Author explain in
detail about the Domains with their
current state of processing,
organisation, information
technologies.
 In which we can learn how to
develop the implement project from
current state to future state.
 In this we can learn how to develop
a blueprint or road map to know
how organisation will develop the
current state to future state.
 He also explains about the
importance of 7 Principles, 7
processes and 7 themes.
Kerzner Chapter 3 (2013)
Project
management
domains
 The project management domains
are divided into five tasks according
to their priority.
 The most priority was allocated to
executing (31%) followed by
monitoring and controlling and also
for planning (25%), initiating (13%)
and for Closing (7%).
 Basically, any work is divided into
different categories, and for every
individual work has different
priorities. So, the project
management domains are
categories according to their
priority.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=5885WoGPG4P08gXulqOYCg&q=
project+management+domains&oq=Project+m
anagement+domains&gs
How do
organisations
employ the
best staff? In
particular, how
does an
organisation
find the best
project
manager?
 To hire a new person on-boarded for
working as a project manager,
organisation will slightly hesitant
because they have to find a right
person to fit for that position.
 This preposition of hiring right
project manager will keep the
organisation in stressful even more
than the others.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=How+do+organisations+employ+the+best+st
aff%3F++In+particular
%2C+how+does+an+organisation+find+the+bes
t+project+manager%3F+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-
8&client=firefox-b-
ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=sKRYWsilLcjN8ge72Zr
YDg

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
What skills do
you think are
needed for a
good project
manager?
Why?
 According to my knowledge Project
manager should require at least 6
essential skills, which make project
manager stronger and more power
for that project.
 Communication, Team
management, leadership,
Negotiation, personal organisation
and Risk management are the most
essential Skills should have to the
project manager.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+skills+do+you+think+are+needed+for+
a+good+project+manager%3F++Why
%3F+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b-
ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=B6dYWtC9NMTN8gec
n7zgBw
What happens
when an
organisation
selects the
wrong project
manager?
 If an organisation will select a wrong
project manager, the chances of
failing a project to 90%.
 That remaining 10% will success only
if any experienced team members
will identify the cause of failure and
modified with his experiences and
control the whole project.
 This make the team members n safe
side and the project manager will
punishable.
 The aim of an organisation is to
develop a community based
project and plan to recruit the
participant from the community.
The perception of the organisation
will damage potentially if they
select wrong project manager.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+happens+when+an+organisation+selec
ts+the+wrong+project+manager%3F+&ie=utf-
8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b-
ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=DalYWoWoEMPN8gf1
1b64DQ
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
 In this lecture the Author explain in detail about the Domains with their current state of processing, organisation, information technologies. In which we
can learn how to develop the implement project from current state to future state. In this lecture the Author explain in detail about the Domains with their
current state of processing, organisation, information technologies. In which we can learn how to develop the implement project from current state to future
state. The project management domains are divided into five tasks according to their priority. The most priority was allocated to executing (31%) followed by
monitoring and controlling and also for planning (25%), initiating (13%) and for Closing (7%). Basically, any work is divided into different categories, and for every
individual work has different priorities. So, the project management domains are categories according to their priority.
5.6 Portfolio 6
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and reading
samples.
Your personal learning outcomes from this
course.
Learnings from your experience. Supporting documentation including your prior
learnings.
Lecture Slide  In this lecture we can learn about the
implementing organisational project
management strategy from level of
divergence between project
management and business
management practices with their
required 4 quadrants.
 In this we can learn how to develop
the road map for the current state
to future state with knowing where
the organisation will develop its
implementing of its gap analysis.
(Kerzner, 2014)
Tutorial Slide The project management structure was clearly
explaining in prince2 book.
This structure was sub divided into
7 Principles
7 Themes
7 Processes
Environment and tailoring.
(Cleland, Slevin and Pinto, 2002)
(PMI Implementing Organizational PM)
Project Responsibilities  The minimum Responsibilities has to
be follow in a project to develop and
completion.
 This throughout structure was
organised by the project manager
with a perfect structure which
includes schedule.
 Project manager analytical and
critical thinking skills to choose
right team members, he has to
create an interdisciplinary team
with right mix of skills
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=Project+Responsibilities&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-
8&client=firefox-b-
ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=tmFOWurnFdLN8ge2
w5HwCw
The selection of team members from different
organisation. And also determine each phase
and assign task to team members.
The smooth and successful execution of any
project was depending upon the project
team members. They have to cover multiple
role and also focused on any particular area.
(Kerzner, 2017)
Project governance It established the clear agreement with
includes all maximisation of values, effective
decision making to consistent management of
project.
Project decision is made by the
management within the framework. The
accountabilities and responsibilities of any
project element will critically have
associated by some organisation business.
This activity laid down in governance
management.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Project_governance
What are the
different ways
of classifying
projects?
The project management domains are divided
into five tasks according to their priority. The
most priority was allocated to executing (31%)
followed by monitoring and controlling and
also for planning (25%), initiating (13%) and
for Closing (7%).
Basically, any work is divided into different
categories, and for every individual work
has different priorities. So, the project
management domains are categories
according to their priority.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=5885WoGPG4P08gXulqOYCg&q=
project+management+domains&oq=Project+m
anagement+domains&gs
How senior is a
Project
Manager in an
organization?
Every engineering and non-engineering
student, every employee and non-employee
have their own project in their life. Which is a
milestone for them.
For every stage of learning we face different
kind of projects. For example, our every day
roster, in bachelor degree their will be a
mini and major project about their own
functional organisation.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=2-05Wr1MyqjxBbT7lMgK&q

Topic and reading
samples.
Your personal learning outcomes from this
course.
Learnings from your experience. Supporting documentation including your prior
learnings.
Do you think
that functional
managers
would make
good project
managers?
 Project manager has to lead the team
to success and has to manage all the
duties and responsibilities and also
control the project and risk. But the
functional manager duties are clearly
defined. And he can also go to cross-
functional team to get the task done
for his function.
 In my point of view the role of
project manager and functional
manager have many
responsibilities to lead the project
to the success. So, I think
functional manager will not make
project manager.
https://www.google.com.au/search?q
Is project
management
designed to
transfer power
from the line
managers to
the project
manager?
 In projectized organisation, project
manager does not allow to transfer
his power to line manager unless he
worked on same project.
 According to the rules and
regulation in a project agreement
the project manager does not have
any power or authority over the
resources. A lot of conflicts
between them will arise situation
around them.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
client=firefox&dcr=0&ei=P1U7Wv3ZD4uX8QX1i
6nQCg&q
Think about
your own
career into the
future and
describe a
possible career
path.
 For each and every individual student
has a goal to become a project
manager. According to that he will
plan his career path.
 My career base start with
Aeronautical Engineering in
Batchelor’s. And then to Masters in
Project management. So, that I can
easily get through the Job into
Airport Management Field.
 PMJ  In this, PMJ Journal was explain in
detail about the thematic domains in
deep dives, address very relevant
question of project organising and it
uses the strong methodologies to
create the project management
domains.
Gemünden, H. G. (2013). Project
Management Journal® Editorial Board.
Project Management Journal, 44(4), 2–4.
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmj.21359
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
The project management structure was clearly explaining in prince2 book. This structure was sub divided into 7 Principles 7 Themes 7 Processes Environment and tailoring.
For every stage of learning we face different kind of projects. For example, our every day roster, in bachelor degree there will be a mini and major project about their own
functional organisation. I have seen that, in many organisations there was more junior project manager than the seniors who was new to learn. The experience of them will
give more knowledge to the juniors. In my point of view the role of project manager and functional manager have many responsibilities to lead the project to the success.
So, I think functional manager will not make project manager
5.7 Portfolio 7
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and reading
samples.
Your personal learning outcomes
from this course.
Learnings from your experience. Supporting documentation including
your prior learnings.
Lecture slide In this lecture we learnt about the
methodologies and portfolio view in a
foundational organisational project
management to outcomes the outputs in
implementing Organisational Project
management.
We can also know about the competency
management activities and its roles to
validate the objectives.
We can learn core enabling process with
continuous improvement in portfolios
program project.
1. Strategic Alignment
2. Competency management
3. Organizational project
management methodologies
Governance
(Kerzner, 2014)
Implementing Organisational PM  Discoveries and Analysis,
Implementation Roadmap are the
two types which improve
continuous with the help of their
key Deliveries.
 Activities useful in developing
organisational Pm
Tutorial slide Project governance will enable the consistent
management of project with maximus the
value by making effective decision-making
ability.
Competency Management is the task
conducting with human resource
management by ensuring everyone
understanding roles and responsibilities.
Risk and assumption are the problem will
arise when developing the project
objectives
(Cleland, Slevin and Pinto, 2002)
(PMI Implementing Organizational PM)
Project
management: Life
Life cycle of a project management has 4
phases
1. Initiation, `
methodology is used to completion
the phases in Project life cycle, by
managing the project
(Kerzner, 2017)

Topic and reading
samples.
Your personal learning outcomes
from this course.
Learnings from your experience. Supporting documentation including
your prior learnings.
cycles and
methodologies
2. Planning,
3. Execution and
Closure
What must the
project manager
provide in order to
develop a solid
project plan?
When Project manager want to takeover a
project, he will study the case of a project and
research of the particular team members who
will suitable of that project to complete in
given schedule and available fund. But he has
to build the plan with inevitable changes and
delay in mind.
A solid plan contains the effect of project
manager to research about the team and
his clients. To develop a solid project plan,
project manager has to consider all
requirement in mind and prepare the Gantt
chat. He has to discuss key components
with project stakeholders. And also explain
the role and responsibilities of all staff
members included in this project.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+must+the+project+manager+provide+i
n+order+to+develop+a+solid+project+plan
%3F&rlz=1C1GGRV_enAU771AU771&oq
Should age have a
bearing on how
long it takes an
executive to accept
project
management?
yes, age is plays a key role to accept project
management. Because for the completion of
every project it has to overcomes the risk to
solve.
The ability of thinking for solving critical
problem and to overcomes the issue will
show the project manager skills.
https://www.transtutors.com/questions/
should-age-have-a-bearing-on-how-long-it-
takes-an-executive-to-accept-project-manage-
530209.htm
How should a
project manager
react when he finds
inefficiency in the
functional lines?
Should executive
management
become involved?
When inefficiency occur in functional lines,
project manager was the first person has to
realize immediately and respond to access the
next procedure. He has to check the project
planning and do some modification and
change the plan with eliminating the
impossibilities. The collection of insufficiency
information has to handover to the functional
manager of the project.
 For every individual task
performed by the team members
has to monitor by the project
manager. If any inefficiency finds in
the functional lines, he has to
realize the objectives who involves
in planning. And then he has to
check the strategy of a project plan
and change some impossibilities.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
rlz=1C1GGRV_enAU771AU771&ei=K3BNWpvJG
4mI8wWWoaXABw&q=How+should+a+project+
manager+react+when+he+finds+inefficiency+in
+the+functional+lines
%3F+Should+executive+management+become+
involved%3F&oq
Should project
managers be
permitted to
establish
prerequisites for
top management
regarding standard
company
procedures?
 Every company has its own standard
procedure, so they have to follow
their structure, so these different
policies and practices will give them
better goals and objectives.
Project manager has to analyse his role to
perform his task in that project. And also
managing the work related and work based
issues has to analyse and take the additional
support called intermediaries.
(Keppler et al 2015, p.325)
https://www.transtutors.com/questions/
project-management-1270236.htm
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
We can also know about the competency management activities and its roles to validate the objectives. We can learn core enabling process with
continuous improvement in portfolios program project. Strategic Alignment, Competency management, Organizational project management methodologies
Governance. Project governance will enable the consistent management of project with maximus the value by making effective decision-making ability. Project
governance will enable the consistent management of project with maximus the value by making effective decision-making ability. These methodology is used to
completion the phases in Project life cycle, by managing the project.
5.8 Portfolio 8
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Lecture Slide  In every project, Project manager will
divide the work into different task.
For each task he has to follow a
structure to complete. The structure
called as WBS.
 In WBS, Project manager will
follow Input method and do
activities on that method and
develop an output. The successful
output will give the Successful
outcomes.
Kerzner (2014)
Outputs vs.
Outcomes
 The main purpose of a project is to
solve a task or identify a problem. To
find a solution for this, Project
manager has to plan a process for a
project to identify the output. This
output delivers the outcomes.
 For all project There will be an
input-output-Result. This result or
outcomes will decide the project
success or failure.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=In+project+management+what+is+Outputs+v
s.Outcomes&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-
b&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=OUZgWs2kDo3r8weTgI
jgDQ
What planning
steps should
precede total
program
scheduling?
What steps are
necessary
 To develop a work, break down
structure, the planning step should
be involved to proceed the program
schedule in statement of work, gross
schedule and Specification.
 This structure will define the work
of the employee involved in the
project, should results the project
success or failure.
https://www.coursehero.com/file/p3m58mk/
The-work-package-is-the-critical-level-for-
managing-a-work-breakdown-structure/
How does a
project
 After taken up the new project, The
Project manager has to make plan or
schedule so that he can make an
 The Gantt chart tool is used to
make a schedule task for the
project. This Gantt chart will show
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=How+does+a+project+manager+determine+h
ow+complex+to+make+a+program+plan+or+ho

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
manager
determine how
complex to
make a
program plan
or how many
schedules to
include?
overview for that project. the information about the project
complex.
 This will provide the blue print of
the project so that project
manager will see that which task is
complex and which will easy.
w+many+schedules+to+include%3F&ie=utf-
8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b-ab&gfe
What roles
does a
functional
manager play
in establishing
the first three
levels of the
WBS?
To established the project plan, Functional
manager has to work closely with the project
manager to form a structure of the project
plan.
 To develop a First 3 level of a work
breakdown Structure, Functional
manager has to work with different
coordinators for different levels. In
first level he has to work with
project manager for
objectives/requirements/deliverabl
es.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+roles+does+a+functional+manager+pla
y+in+establishing+the+first+three+levels+of+th
e+WBS%3F+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-
b-
ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=uX5hWsWDCM7r8Ae
ena-4DA
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
The main purpose of a project is to solve a task or identify a problem. To find a solution for this, Project manager has to plan a process for a project to identify the output.
This output delivers the outcomes. In WBS, Project manager will follow Input method and do activities on that method and develop an output. The successful output will
give the Successful outcomes. For all project There will be an input-output-Result. This result or outcomes will decide the project success or failure.
5.9 Portfolio 9
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Continuous
improvement
 In a project, the process of
continuous improvement will occur
to improve the context of leading
project.
 The main purpose of continuous
improvement is used to fill the
gaps in the project management
process.
Meeting of the Environmental Management
Advisory Board March 31, 2010
Lecture Quality Management Vs Continuous
Improvement
 Quality management concepts are
six which is used to support the
each and every project.
 Whereas Continuous improvement
is a Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA)
cycle to improve continuously to
basic Quality improvement.
(Kerzner, 2013, p 1029)
Change management  It is a basic process will occur in all
project to do some changes in the
project concepts.
 For example, stakeholder changes
his expectation which leads to
resources of change management.
 If any changes will occur in the
project it will affects to the budget,
expectations, risk etc.,
(Kerzner, 2013, p 1029)
How do you
develop
specifications
in a project?
 The documentation which required
for a project to start in step by step
procedure called the specification.
 In this specification will have the all
comprehensive description of
objectives for the development of
project.
 To fulfil the vision of the client
specification is more important.
 It will bring the more complex
details to the efficiency of a
project. Which will provide clear
explanation with directions to the
project team members with regard
of the requirements.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=How+do+you+develop+specifications+in+a+p
roject%3F+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-
b-
ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=t9ZnWs7UM8Pr8AeZ6
73oCg
Describe the
different types
of plans that a
Project
Manager needs
to develop.
Mainly three types of plans are there which
needs to develop by the project manager will
use his pursuit of company goals.
1. operational,
2. tactical and
3. strategic
The plan developed by the project manager
will provide the team members to create a
set of calculated action to them. This type
of action will take a shorter time to
complete the task.
This will lead to complete the project on
time.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
client=firefox-b-
&dcr=0&ei=t9ZnWsPZOYT_8QWFiJ3gBg&q
What is a
Project
Charter? And
how do you
develop one?
 According to the Kerzner Project
charter is plan to develop or create
an initiating process group of phase.
Simply we can say that it is a birds –
eye to support the management in a
right path.
 Its mainly includes the project goal
and the project participants.
 To develop a project charter we
required at least 4 steps.
 To start the project we have to
identify a project vision to begin
our task. After that describe the
project organisation and plan the
approach to implementation.
 By this we have to face some risk
and issues, if we overcome this
problem then its leads to success
the project.
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+is+a+Project+Charter
%3F+And+how+do+you+develop+one
%3F&rlz=1C1CHBF_en-
GBAU773AU773&oq=What+is+a+Project+Chart
er%3F+And+how+do+you+develop+one
%3F&aqs=chrome..69i57.1195j0j7&sourceid=ch
rome&ie=UTF-8
Journals &
Standards
 The article gives the clear
information about the Continuous
improvement in a project
 For this author done the cross-
sectional survey and collected from
over 100 mid to senior level
(Content of Volume 26, 2006 and Auther Index,
2006)

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
management based on the four
hypotheses.
international managers.
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
In a project, the process of continuous improvement will occur to improve the context of leading project. The main purpose of continuous improvement
is used to fill the gaps in the project management process. Quality management concepts are six which is used to support the each and every project. Whereas
Continuous improvement is a Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle to improve continuously to basic Quality improvement. It is a basic process will occur in all project to
do some changes in the project concepts. For example, stakeholder changes his expectation which leads to resources of change management. If any changes will
occur in the project it will affects to the budget, expectations, risk etc.,
 According to the Kerzner Project charter is plan to develop or create an initiating process group of phase. Simply we can say that it is a birds –eye to support the
management in a right path. Its mainly includes the project goal and the project participants. The article gives the clear information about the Continuous
improvement in a project management based on the four hypotheses.
5.10 Portfolio 10
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this course.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Managing
change
The purpose of change management is to
achieve the required business outcomes. It is
a process, tools and techniques to manage the
people.
It is to achieve the end target, within certain
time and cost parameters.
https://www.prosci.com/change-
management/thought.../change-
management-definition
It is also called as incorporates the
organizational tools to make successful
personal transitions by utilising the individual
help by this resulting in the adoption and
realisation of change.
There are five phases of change
management.
1. Strategy
2. Plans
3. Organisation
4. Controls and
5. Implementation
(Morris and DeLapp, n.d.)
How do you
ensure you
have the right
number of
resources for
the project?
For every project manager needed the multi-
tasking superheros who can handle the
expertise of stakeholders.
The success of any project depends on the
number of factors, to ensure the resources
for the project, project manager has to
select the right number of people with best
skills set fit.
By Abram Bachtiar, (Project, Program, &
Product Management)
How do you
ensure your
project team
have the
correct skills
and knowledge
to do their job?
To ensure any project team, there should be
some required essential skills to process their
productivity, sanity, and the successful
delivery of projects.
According to my knowledge there are 7
essential skills required for each and every
project team.
1. leadership,
2. communication,
3. time management,
4. risk management,
5. planning,
6. negotiation,
7. and subject matter expertise
https://thedigitalprojectmanager.com/project-
management-skills/
Why do
changes
happen in a
project?
Changes in project happen due to any reason,
but mainly because of these constrains.
1. Additional scope requested by
stakeholder to add in the project.
2. Insufficient budget may decrease the
scope of project to change.
According to my studies Project manager
need to take risk for changes in the project.
It is not so easy to change in any time or in
any situation, there is a limit to do that.
Even one change is cost more fund and risk
to complete in provided schedule.
www.sensiblepm.com/change-happens/
Journals &
Standards
The Change in management was gradually
increasing. The stakeholders are particular
about the change in their project, it may be
any cost. They need to change according to
their new updates.
The main purpose to change their mindset,
because they are influence by other and to
have better than others.
Witold J. Henisz , Raymond E.
Levitt & W. Richard Scott
PORTFOLIO REFLECTION
The purpose of change management is to achieve the required business outcomes. It is a process, tools and techniques to manage the people. It is to achieve the
end target, within certain time and cost parameters. It is also called as incorporates the organizational tools to make successful personal transitions by utilising the
individual help by this resulting in the adoption and realisation of change. There are five phases of change management.
1. Strategy
2. Plans
3. Organisation
4. Controls and
5. Implementation

5.11 Supporting documents
Cleland, D., Slevin, D. and Pinto, J. (2002). Frontiers of project management research and
application. Newtown Square, Penns.: Project Management Institute.
Contents of Volume 26, 2006 and Author Index. (2006). Technovation, 26(12), p.I-XVIII.
Henisz, W. and Zelner, B. (2003). The Strategic Organization of Political Risks and
Opportunities. Strategic Organization, 1(4), pp.451-460.
http://pmtips.net/blog-new/maintaining-project-management-professionalism
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/difference-between-project-based-nonproject-based-organizations-
34050.html/
http://www.thedigitalprojectmanager.com/why-is-project-management-important/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2006.01.003
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_governance
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_management
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Management_Professional
https://thedigitalprojectmanager.com/project-management-skills/
https://www.aqf.edu.au/
https://www.arraspeople.co.uk/camel-blog/arras-people/what-professionalism-means-in-project-
management/
https://www.bayt.com/en/specialties/q/29852/what-do-you-think-project-management-is-all-
about/
https://www.coursehero.com/file/p3m58mk/The-work-package-is-the-critical-level-for-managing-a-work-
breakdown-structure/
https://www.google.com.au/search?
client=firefox&dcr=0&ei=P1U7Wv3ZD4uX8QX1i6nQCg&q=Is+project+management+designed+to+transfer
+power+from+the+line+managers+to+the+project+manager
%3F&oq=Is+project+management+designed+to+transfer+power+from+the+line+managers+to+the+projec
t+manager%3F&gs
https://www.google.com.au/search?client=firefox-
b&dcr=0&ei=B_ovWpHHFYmk8AWWvKLwCA&q=legislation+definition&oq=legislation+&gs
https://www.google.com.au/search?client=firefox-
b&dcr=0&ei=ov0XWsehCMGw8wX9j6HQBQ&q=what+is+Project+Success&oq=what+is+Project+Success&
gs_l=psy-ab.3..0l5j0i22i30k1l5.7984.15360.0.16305.1.1.0.0.0.0.272.272.2-1.1.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-
ab..0.1.270....0.9JbumMpkaHs
https://www.google.com.au/search?client=firefox-b-&dcr=0&ei=t9ZnWsPZOYT_8QWFiJ3gBg&q

https://www.google.com.au/search?client=firefox-b-
ab&dcr=0&ei=hGgzWoi9O8Sy8QX0q7fQDQ&q=What+is+an+example+of+best+practice+in+your
+life%3F&oq
https://www.google.com.au/search?
ei=TjIhWpXICcS00ASd4bSQAQ&q=benefits+of+using+project+management&oq=benefits+of+using+projec
t+management&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0l4j0i22i30k1l6.3513823.3515546.0.3516354.21.7.0.0.0.0.417.718.3-
1j1.2.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..19.2.716...0i67k1.0.7pZ6z9mTclA
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=Do+you+think+that+functional+managers+would+make+good+project+managers%3F&ie=utf-
8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=P1U7WveNCMrN8gfSm5OoAQ
https://www.google.com.au/search?q=How+do+organisations+employ+the+best+staff%3F++In+particular
%2C+how+does+an+organisation+find+the+best+project+manager%3F+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-
8&client=firefox-b-ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=sKRYWsilLcjN8ge72ZrYDg
https://www.google.com.au/search?q=How+do+you+develop+specifications+in+a+project%3F+&ie=utf-
8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b-ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=t9ZnWs7UM8Pr8AeZ673oCg
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=How+does+a+project+manager+determine+how+complex+to+make+a+program+plan+or+how+many+
schedules+to+include%3F&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b-ab&gfe
https://www.google.com.au/search?q=In+project+management+what+is+Outputs+vs.Outcomes&ie=utf-
8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=OUZgWs2kDo3r8weTgIjgDQ
https://www.google.com.au/search?q=project+management+history&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-
b&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=ra8XWsSIB8zN8geopIOYCg
https://www.google.com.au/search?q=project+management+history&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-
b&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=ra8XWsSIB8zN8geopIOYCg
https://www.google.com.au/search?q=Project+Responsibilities&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-
8&client=firefox-b-ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=tmFOWurnFdLN8ge2w5HwCw
https://www.google.com.au/search?q=standards+in+project+management&rlz=1C1CHBF_en-
GBAU773AU773&oq=standards+in+project+&aqs=chrome.0.0j69i57j0l4.6573j0j8&sourceid=chrome&ie=U
TF-8
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+happens+when+an+organisation+selects+the+wrong+project+manager%3F+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-
8&client=firefox-b-ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=DalYWoWoEMPN8gf11b64DQ
https://www.google.com.au/search?q=What+is+a+Project+Charter%3F+And+how+do+you+develop+one
%3F&rlz=1C1CHBF_en-GBAU773AU773&oq=What+is+a+Project+Charter
%3F+And+how+do+you+develop+one%3F&aqs=chrome..69i57.1195j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+must+the+project+manager+provide+in+order+to+develop+a+solid+project+plan
%3F&rlz=1C1GGRV_enAU771AU771&oq

https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+roles+does+a+functional+manager+play+in+establishing+the+first+three+levels+of+the+WBS
%3F+&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b-ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=uX5hWsWDCM7r8Aeena-4DA
https://www.google.com.au/search?
q=What+skills+do+you+think+are+needed+for+a+good+project+manager%3F++Why%3F+&ie=utf-
8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b-ab&gfe_rd=cr&dcr=0&ei=B6dYWtC9NMTN8gecn7zgBw
https://www.google.com.au/search?
rlz=1C1GGRV_enAU771AU771&ei=K3BNWpvJG4mI8wWWoaXABw&q=How+should+a+project+
manager+react+when+he+finds+inefficiency+in+the+functional+lines
%3F+Should+executive+management+become+involved%3F&oq
https://www.google.com.au/search?source=hp&ei=2-
05Wr1MyqjxBbT7lMgK&q=What+are+the+different+ways+of+classifying+projects
%3F&oq=What+are+the+different+ways+of+classifying+projects%3F&gs
https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=205Wr1MyqjxBbT7lMgK&q=What+are+the+different+ways+of+classifying+projects
%3F&oq=What+are+the+different+ways+of+classifying+projects%3F&gs
https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=2y4hWrGVDsWe0gT5p7SgBg&q=Project+Manager+roles&oq=Project+Manager+roles&gs_l
=psy-ab.3...878138.878138.0.879205.1.1.0.0.0.0.0.0..0.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..1.0.0....0._8eXDli0DWI
https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=5885WoGPG4P08gXulqOYCg&q=project+management+domains&oq=Project+managemen
t+domains&gs
https://www.google.com.au/search?
source=hp&ei=5885WoGPG4P08gXulqOYCg&q=project+management+domains&oq=Project+managemen
t+domains&gs
https://www.ims-web.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-project-management
https://www.ims-web.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-project-management
https://www.ims-web.com/blog/a-brief-history-of-project-management
https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/professionalism-project-management-9526
https://www.pmi.org/pmbok-guide-standards/about
https://www.prosci.com/change-management/thought.../change-management-definition
https://www.transtutors.com/questions/project-management-1270236.html
https://www.transtutors.com/questions/should-age-have-a-bearing-on-how-long-it-takes-an-
executive-to-accept-project-manage-530209.htm
Implementing organizational project management: a practice guide. (n.d.). .
Kerzner, H. (2009). Project management. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.

Kerzner, H. (2013). Project management. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.
Kerzner, H. (2013). Project management. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
Kerzner, H. (2014). Project management best practices. Hoboken: Wiley.
Kerzner, H. (2017). Project management workbook and pmp. [Place of publication not
identified]: John Wiley & Sons.
Managing Projects with Legislative Implications (Version 1.1, November 2008)
Morris, P. W. G. & DeLapp, S. E. (1983). Managing change through project
management. Project Management Quarterly, 14(2), 60–70.
Stackpole Snyder, C. (2013). A User's Manual to the PMBOK Guide. Hoboken: Wiley
The overall conclusion developed according to my knowledge and reading historical books.
www.sensiblepm.com/change-happens/