Understanding Project Management Processes

The assignment content provides an overview of the topics covered in a project management course. Specifically, it highlights key concepts from chapters 11-14 and 20-22 of Harold R. Kerzner's book 'Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling' (11th edition). The topics discussed include managing multiple projects, scope changes, prioritization, capacity planning, project methodology, project initiation, and organizational structures. Additionally, the assignment provides a summary of the learning outcomes from each chapter, as well as supporting documents such as lecture slides for weeks 1-10.

PROJECT MANAGEMNET METHODOLOGIES
PPMP20009
Consolidated Portfolio
STUDENT NAME: Neil Patrick Nacar
STUDENT ID: 12034170

LECTURER: Gopi Akella
CAMPUS: Melbourne
TERM: 1, 2018
Table of contents
1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................3
2 Course Learning Outcomes...........................................................................................................3
2.1 Learning Outcome 1: Explain reasons why organisations adopt Project Management Methodologies 3
2.2 Learning Outcome 2: Critically analyse the impact of Project Management Methodologies upon stakeholders 4
2.3 Learning outcome 3: Explain and justify the major elements of a Project Management Methodology that might meet the needs of an organisation 4
3 Discussion and Conclusion............................................................................................................4
4 References.....................................................................................................................................4
5 Appendix.......................................................................................................................................4
5.1 Portfolio 1..............................................................................................................................5

5.2 Portfolio 2..............................................................................................................................5
5.3 Portfolio 3..............................................................................................................................5
5.4 Portfolio 4..............................................................................................................................5
5.5 Portfolio 5..............................................................................................................................5
5.6 Portfolio 6..............................................................................................................................5
5.7 Portfolio 7..............................................................................................................................5
5.8 Portfolio 8..............................................................................................................................5
5.9 Portfolio 9..............................................................................................................................5
5.10 Portfolio 10............................................................................................................................5
5.11 Supporting documents...........................................................................................................5

1 INTRODUCTION
The motivation driving the path toward managing an errand can have all the earmarks of being odd to a couple, especially in the occasion that
they're not aware of the various systems that have been created to organize complex plans. In any case, there is a choose that controls each and
every productive undertaking. Regardless, that strategy isn't the same for each assignment.
The project methodologies is just some help strategy for delineating a structure used to achieve something. Before you begin any wander, you
require the right endeavour organization instruments, an extraordinary gathering, and you should know how you will run the errand. A couple of
exercises advance themselves to particular methods of insight. A portion of the time it's at the slant of the assignment boss. It will help to pick
the right logic for you and your wander, you ought to understand what they are.

2 COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES
2.1 Learning Outcome 1: Explain reasons why organisations adopt Project Management Methodologies
Summary
According to (Buehring, 2018), Project management methods like PRINE 2 gets adopted by Organizations is because of its benefits they can deliver for the
Organizations. Adopting whichever project management methodologies can give you the following advantages and benefits:
1. Everyone can get involved like customer and suppliers when doing the project.
2. While mitigating risks, it can help you deliver on time that is within the budget.
3. Every team on the Organization can work together in order to finish the project in co-operation to deliver mutual benefits.
4. Whether the project is big or small, project management can be applied.
5. When you have applied project management in past projects, it can help you to clearly define decision making in future projects.
My previous employer tries adapt project based project management where they apply guidelines when initiating the project. In order to have a successful
project based project management methodologies, communication and commitment are the key points.
Evidence
I was in a technical support position after I got my bachelor’s degree way back in 2016. I was in charge of the technical queries to our clients.
The products that I handle are Firewall and Network Monitoring tool. I also experienced implementing a network monitoring tool in one of the
biggest telecommunication company in the Philippine which I was the project lead. The project was initially for 2 months but because of
communication issues, project was delayed into 3 months. I can relate this evidence to Portfolio Week 2.

2.2 Learning Outcome 2: Critically analyse the impact of Project Management Methodologies upon stakeholders
Summary
There are assorted sorts of accomplices. Some have more elevated amount of vitality and can pick the course of action, support or veto decisions
on an endeavour. Another game plan of accomplices can help with their lord supposition, so you guide them. A few unique accomplices need to
know the progress of work as their development starts when this bit of work is done. There are also accomplices who need to know when the
endeavour will be done. These accomplices could be fascinated as the yield of this endeavour as that may help them in their work. All
accomplices are not likewise included or influenced in the endeavor. Thusly, wander administrator needs to know how to associate with these
various sorts of accomplices. Moreover, this is the rule inspiration driving why we require accomplice examination (Brown, 2014).
The exercises pull in energy from various accomplices who express needs and suspicions with respect to the wander. These are as often as
possible in battle with each other and it is unthinkable that each one of them can be fulfilled. The accomplice organization process incorporates
surveying the necessities and wants for accomplices in association with the essential goals of the endeavour. A basic explanation behind this
evaluation is accomplice examination. The approach relies upon set up theory, learning of accomplice organization and trial data. The
examination includes an accomplice influence rundown to choose the nature and impact of accomplice affect, the probability of accomplices
honing their effect and each accomplice's circumstance in association with the endeavor—would they say they are protectors or enemies? The
examination of the accomplice influence record can help stretch out executives to formalize an accomplice organization process (Brown, 2014).
Evidence

I will have to refine the past stage, accomplices should be recorded in a table or spreadsheet with their key points of interest, potential level of
wander impact, and need in association with various accomplices. I will be careful in order to plot various interests, particularly those that are
evident and concealed in association with broaden goals (Brown, 2014).
The key is to recollect that recognizing interests is done in light of accomplices' perspective, not your own. This is troublesome as interests are
ordinarily concealed and may refute straightforwardly communicated focuses. Each interest should be related to the fitting endeavour arrange;
that is, interests change as the errand moves from beginning to conclusion stages. With a couple of accomplices it may be fundamental to expel
interests by formally making request, for instance,
• What are your endeavor wants?
• How do you benefit by productive undertaking summit?
• Which accomplices do you acknowledge are in hardship with the wander interests?
• Do accomplices have clashing interests?
At the point when genuine interests are recognized, it is also important to plot how the wander will be influenced if these are or are not met.
Generally speaking, an essential remark of optimistic (+), adverse (- ), or deepen (?) can be used and moreover H (High), M (medium), L(low),
or undefined (?). To modify wander accomplishment criteria with interests, an additional progress is to give a disagreeable prioritization of each
band together with their running with interests. Since not all needs can be met with a comparable level of power or meanwhile, a prioritization
development would be beneficial. The table below gives an instance of this information . This information is analyzed in urged gatherings to find
out the impact with sticky-notes are routinely used until formally chronicled.

2.3 Learning outcome 3: Explain and justify the major elements of a Project Management Methodology that might meet the needs of
an organisation
Summary
Undertaking organization methods and methodologies are used to orchestrate advantages for achieve obvious results. Regardless, it should be grasped that
assignment organization is certifiably not a right science and there is never an accreditation of advance. Since wanders incorporate people, there is reliably
multifaceted nature and helplessness that can't be completely controlled.
Undertaking organization is both science and craftsmanship. It is science in that it relies upon exhibited and repeatable strategies and techniques to gain
broaden ground. It is a workmanship since it also incorporates managing and relating to people and requires the endeavor executive to apply normal capacities
in conditions that are totally exceptional for each wander. A tolerable endeavour organization technique gives the framework, methodology, principles and
strategies to manage the all inclusive community and the work. A fair approach fabricates the odds of being productive and in this way offers some impetus to
the affiliation, the wander and the errand chief (Kerzner, 2009).
Evidence
I will completing wanders more quickly and monetarily. One of the best focal points of using an ordinary methodology is the estimation of reuse. Once the
systems, strategies and arrangements are made, they can be used (perhaps with little modifications) on all exercises later on. This results in diminished
assignment start-up time, a shorter desire to assimilate data for wander partners and time hold stores from not revaluating techniques and arrangements with
no readiness on each endeavour. One of the important advantages that should occur with extraordinary undertaking organization shapes is that you will be all
the more obvious. I will find that if I finish a predominant work of masterminding you will better fathom the work to be refined, and you will finish an
unrivalled control of surveying this work. By then as the wander propels you will finish a predominant control of managing the work to hit your surveyed
timetable and spending design. This ability to be obvious is critical when your association is settling on business decisions about which undertakings to
execute. I should try to achieve a level of consistency of 80 percent (Kerzner, 2009).

I will saving effort and cost with proactive degree organization. Various assignments encounter issues managing degree, which achieves additional effort and
cost to the endeavour. Having better errand organization systems will realize having the ability to manage scope more effectively.
I will "fit" the main go through better orchestrating. Various endeavours experience issues in light of the fact that there is a gap between what the client
expects and what the endeavour amass passes on. Using a framework achieves better undertaking organizing, which gives the gathering and the help an
opportunity to guarantee they are in simultaneousness on the critical desires conveyed by the wander.
3 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Throughout 12 weeks of learning about project management methodologies, I have understood the fundamental knowledge

Light-footed Methodology - This characterized as a procedure that means to enable groups, energize client association and oversee change or hazard all
through the undertaking. The spotlight with this system is on the improvement of groups, venture observing and responsiveness to change, with proceeded
with correspondence being a vital angle for the duration of the life of the undertaking.
Cascade Methodology - With this technique, the utilization of groups is additionally an imperative angle, with the foundation of objectives and clear
auspiciousness a key core interest. Groups are allocated distinctive viewpoints or modules of the undertaking to assume liability for, passing things along as
objectives are come to or relegated assignments are finished. Commentators of this technique trust that it isn't sufficiently responsive to changes in venture
scope, and that correspondence of issues down the line isn't productive.
Change administration strategy - This is regularly viewed as the best arrangement of undertaking administration, with numerous task chiefs supporting this
over different strategies. The focal point of this framework is getting ready for change and having possibilities set up to encourage change. On the off chance
that an issue emerges, the change administration procedure takes into account some portion of the undertaking to stop while changes are made before it
proceeds once more. To guarantee this procedure works palatably, everyone included must see how it functions and be set up to work as per the basic
thoughts of this strategy.

4 REFERENCES
Brown, James T., 2014, The Handbook of Program Management: How to Facilitate Project Success with Optimal Program Management,
Second Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies, ISBN 978-0071837859
Kerzner, Harold, 2009 Project Management: Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling, 10th edition,
Wiley, ISBN 0-470-27870-6
Larson, Elizabeth and Richard, 2013, Practitioner's Guide to Requirements Management, 2nd Edition, ISBN 978-1467581769

5 APPENDIX
5.1 Portfolio 1
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 1
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Lecture Slides In week 1, our professor had discussed
what PPMP 20009 is and what
mandatory readings we need to read
for this course. Furthermore, he
discussed to us the course overview as
well as the project life cycle and the
associated practices for this course.
After giving a brief overview for the
course PPMP20009, he discussed to us
the assessments we need to do in this
course and briefly explained each part
of the assessments.
Since I have attended two PMMP
modules specifically PPMP20007
Project Management Concepts and
PPMP20008 Initiating and Planning
Projects, I already have knowledge
on how the Project Life Cycle works.
Week 1 Lecture
Kerzner
Chapter 1
For this week, I have read the book
Project Management: A System
Approach to Planning, Scheduling and
Controlling by Kerzner Chapter 1. For
this chapter, he discussed on how to
define a project success, trade-offs,
and competing constraints. He also
discussed the roles of each member of
the project and explained what
As more readings I do for this
course, the more I can understand
the roles of each members of the
project. Since our professor in the
Lecture class only gave us a brief
discussion of the course, at first I did
not understand what this course
really was but after reading chapter
1, I understood the module more
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
important tasks they need to tackle. clearly. At the very end of each
chapter in the book, they give a
multiple choice that summarizes the
topics he discussed in the chapter
and that gave me more
understanding for this chapter.
Eaglestaff
(2013) Critical
thinking and
writing
critically
For this week an additional reading
has been available in moodle that
gives us helpful explanation on how to
complete an assignment. This
supplementary reading mainly
covered in critical thinking and writing
critically.
What is Critical Thinking?
According to Eaglestaff (2013), In
order to be good with your academic
work, you will need to develop your
critical thinking. This reading also state
that critical thinking is a way of
deciding whether a claim is true or
false. It can be a process that can lead
to be learned and is a tool in which
one can be a reasoned conclusion
based on a reasoned process.
Based on my experience, I have
adopted critical thinking when I took
one of my major subjects in CQU
specifically, Professional skills in ICT,
we have a segment there were an
Academic Learning Centre would
come to our class to give lecture
about plagiarism and referencing
and have given us tasks where they
will let us read an article and find
Eaglestaff (2013) How to complete
academic assignments through critical
thinking and writing

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Eaglestaff also said that critical
thinking is being used to everything
you do, whether you are reading a
book or a paper, you are expected to
do it in a critical manner. Even when
you are in a conversation or attending
a lecture, you should think critically
about what you are hearing.
What is Academic Writing?
According to Eaglestaff (2013),
academic writing is a skill that a
person needs to be developed and be
applied in an AQF Level 8.
Plagiarism and Referencing is also
covered in this reading.
Plagiarism is stealing work from others
and it is something that is not
acceptable and if you did not
the main key points of that article
and at the same time paraphrase it
in a better version of it. In this
segment, it boost my critical thinking
in writing an academic paper.
Writing an academic is a challenge
because you must always write your
assessments in a professional
manner. Your grammar should
always be on point for your tutor to
understand them clearly because
one grammar mistake can take away
a point for you so you should always
be careful.
I’m always careful when writing my
assessments because I don’t want to
get accused of plagiarism so in order
to avoid this matter, I always make

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
paraphrase It, you can be expelled
from it.
Referencing is when you are getting
ideas for your assessments from
others and at a same time, giving
them credit because you got those
ideas from those authors.
sure to reference everything I take in
the internet. I also wait for the turn
it in result so that there’s a high
chance I don’t get a plagiarism
report.
5.2 Portfolio 2
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 2
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Lecture Slides In this week’s lecture, we have
discussed project management
history. Our professor has discussed
on why projects faces many failure in
the past. Projects tend to fail when
you ineffectively plan and schedule
your project. This week’s lecture also
mentioned “stage gate process” in
which our professor discussed the
checklists when in the process of your
In one of my major subjects in CQU
specifically, network design, our
project almost failed because of
ineffective planning. In a project you
really need to plan your tasks so that
your project can be finished on time.
Week 2 Lecture Slide

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
project, what needs to be done and
when to inform your project manager
about incoming tasks.
Kerzner
Chapter 2
Kerzner’s chapter 2 explained the
growth of project management from
year 1945 – 2012. Kerzner also
explained the three types of system;
open, closed, and extended. Open
system means it reacts with the
environment, closed system means it
isolates from the environment while
extended system depends on other
system. A system is a group of
elements that organizes in a way that
it can act as a whole in achieving a
common goal.
Kerzner’s chapter 2 applies to our
subject this semester specifically,
Network Project, we have assigned
each member a certain task and
each member needs to submit their
tasks on time and so far, our project
is on schedule because of effective
planning of schedule. As long as we
follow the project life cycle, we can
finish the project on time.
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.
Kerzner
Chapter 21
As many companies tend to excel in
project management, some
companies sometimes does not meet
the project management standards.
The simplicity of project management
does not led you to excellence but it
can make you receive repetitive
mistakes and learning from your
mistake is worse rather than learning
Trying to be perfect when doing you
are doing your assessments is really
hard especially in a group, if you
only focus on your mistakes, your
project would not be perfect but
instead will have a low grade. In
project management, you will need
to be in all over the place, you need
to be present when a member gave
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
mistakes from others.
According to Kerzner, in order to
achieve excellence in project
management can be described as
PMMM or Project Management
Maturity Model. PMMM or Project
Management Maturity Model has five
levels and each of this levels
represents a different degree when it
comes to the maturity in project
management. The five level of PMMM
or Project Management Maturity
Model are mentioned below
respectively; Common Language,
Common Presence, Singular
Methodology, Benchmarking, and
Continuous Improvement.
In level 1, the organization must have
new ideas or when they make a
mistake, you should acknowledge it
and try and help that member to
achieve a better solution to solve
that mistake and by doing that, you
will learn on how to be an efficient
member in a project.
For this topic, I can relate it to my
previous job where in level 1, we can
have a good understanding to our
project but sometimes when we
initiate our objective the following
day, we will have trouble and will
need to re do our objective again.
When it come into this, we need a
strong leader in order to achieve a
matured project.

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
a good understanding of the basic
knowledge in project management.
In level 2, the organization should
recognize the common processes that
needs to be defined and developed so
that a project can have success and
these processes can be used in further
projects.
In level 3, the organization should
recognize the effect of combining all
methodology to a singular
methodology, by making it a singular
methodology, it can make the
synergistic effect looks easier.
In level 4, this is when an organization
should recognize that an improvement
is necessary to maintain its
competitiveness. This level should be
performed regularly and should
decide on who to benchmark and who
to benchmark.
In level 5, the organization should
evaluate the information’s they

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
gathered in the previous levels and
should decide whether to use it or
not.
Tutorial In this week’s tutorial class, our tutor
has given us readings, watch
recordings, and a Question and
Answer portion.
In the mandatory reading, it helps
me understand what project
management is. I also learned that
having a strong and confident leader
can give us a high chance in
achieving a successful project. In
order to achieve a successful
project, there are criteria’s that
needs to be achieved and they are;
time, cost, resources, and scope.
When you have this criteria’s, there
is a high chance to get a hassle free
project.
The recording our tutor let us watch
is about Kerzner’s book, chapter 21,
my understanding for this recording
is listed above.
For the question and answer in our
tutor’s class, it helps me clearly
understand what project
management is and in our class, it

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
also urge us to define what project
management is in our own words.
5.3 Portfolio 3
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 2
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Lecture Slide In our lecture in week 3, our proctor
had discussed the staffing in a project.
I learned that a project needs at least
a project manager, project manager
assistant, project office, and a project
team.
My learning from my experience
here in CQU whenever there is a
group project, I always make sure to
select properly my groups so that I
can make sure I have strong
members. Choosing your members
is not easy especially you are in a
different country, what I do in order
to select the best members is to
observe properly my classmate and
whenever there is a chance I always
ask them what are their desire for
this project, whether it is to just
pass the subject or to earn a HD.
Choosing people who strive to be
perfect is always hard simply
because they want your project to

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
In this week’s lecture, the meaning of
the project manager attracts me the
best because it says that a project
manager is the person who is
responsible in handling the project
objectives and in order to have a good
project manager, it must have a strong
leadership, technical and
management, expertise,
entrepreneurship, administrative, and
responsibility.
be perfect but at the same time it is
good because you can learn that
they are achieving to be the best.
After we form a group, we discuss
our roles and select the leader.
Choosing the leader in a group is a
crucial task because when the leader
is not confident, your members will
also not be confident so it is always
better to select the leader who is
always confident and is keen in
following the tasks properly.
My learning from my experience
being a project manager is quite a
culture shock. My first time being a
project manager is when I was in my
previous job, I was in charge in
implementing a product to our
customer and as a beginner in the IT
industry, I didn’t have much
exposure and having this
opportunity gave me a learning
curve that you must always be on
time so that your customers
wouldn’t complain much. I must be

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
more confident in assessing our
objectives in order to be successful
and always be prepared whenever
there is a problem occurred.
Kerzner
Chapter 4
While reading Kerzner’s chapter 4, I
mainly focused on selecting the wrong
project manager. In this section there
are selections that are mentioned in
selecting the wrong project manager,
and they are; Maturity, Hard-nose
tactics, Availability, Technical
Expertise, Customer Orientation, New
Exposure, Company Exposure.
I can reflect to this topic since I
believe I was selected as a wrong
project manager. Out of the many
employees, my old boss selected me
as a project manager simply because
of the reason I was easy to cope up
with products and because of this, I
was feared in failing this project and
I did. It was not that bad but I
could’ve been better. There are a lot
of mistakes I encountered and
because of that I lost the trust of my
customer especially my boss. What I
can say I learned from this
experience is that always be
prepared and never slack because at
some point, errors would come up
and you should be ready to resolve
them.
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.
Kerzner
Chapter 8
Since chapter 8 in Kerzner’s book is a
special topic, Kerzner has discussed
Since agile methodology is easy to
follow, it is common to be used by

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
the agile project management. people and I am one of them. There
are some criteria’s on why I choose
this methodology and they are;
short deliverables, can easily change
errors in the testing phase, and keen
on the project objective.
5.4 Portfolio 4
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 4
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Lecture Slide Organisational Project Management
 Benefits of OPM
 Essentials for Implementation
 Best practice for OMP
Working in a big company that
follows the project management life
cycle and being an Organisational
Project Management gives you a lot
of benefits but having too much
benefits is quite stressful because
sometimes your colleagues will say
something that is not good and
dealing with those colleagues gives
you a hard time during work
Lecture Week 4
Kerzner
Chapter 9
Predicting Project Success Aside from my previous learning
experience about my previous job, I
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
can say that all my other projects are
successful. After a culture shock
experience, I learned and improved
myself in assessing all my projects.
Especially in school, I always predict
that my group works are successful.
I improved a lot as a project
manager. Having a strong
understanding in the project
assessment can also affect your
project success as it can pin point
the important tasks that needs to be
done first before doing the rest.
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.
5.5 Portfolio 5
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 5
Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
Lecture Slides In this week’s lecture, our professor
has discussed the assessing readiness
in implementing organisational project
management. If I were to be part of a
company that’s absorbing project
management, I should be ready at all
I have working as an IT Casual in one
of the companies here in Australia
and has implemented project
management for a long time and has
been following them since then. I
can say that seeing your boss is
Week 5 Lecture

Topic and
reading
samples.
Your personal learning
outcomes from this unit.
Learnings from your
experience.
Supporting documentation
including your prior
learnings.
cost because I would want to be part
of a successful team.
Our professor has also discussed the
critical success factors during a project
which he said that the organisation
project members must commit at an
executive level and that the
organisation should be always ready
for change in order to be successful.
All employee should be aware of
what’s happening in the organisation
and should always follow best practice
to be more efficient.
In the lecture slide, it mentions that an
organisation should develop a
blueprint or roadmap indicating the
organisation’s goal at the future and
how they will be able to get into that
always following certain standards
and pushing us casuals to do the
same is a good practice because we
can learn new things and develop as
an IT employee.
Once we join an organisation and we
were told that they have
implemented project management,
we should must commit at an
executive level in order to show our
expertise in doing certain tasks
within the company. Having to
commit in a company is always good
because you can learn and expand
your network because you’re
meeting new people and you as an
entry level IT employee can see that
you are maturing because you
follow your company’s rules and
basic standards.
In our company especially our IT
division, we set goals each week. We
always check our number of
complaints during service and
number of successful service. If we

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state. Setting a goal is always good
because all employee will always
strive to be better because they are
determined to achieve the goal and I
want to be acknowledge when this
goal has been met.
Matrix and Project Management. All
organisation should always have plan
b, c, or d. they should not stick to one
plan because if that plan was not
successful, they will be in a big
trouble.
reach our maximum complaint, we
will do a meeting and talk about
everything that has been
complained same as well with the
successful service.
Kerzner
Chapter 1.14-
1.16
In this chapter, kerzner differentiates
the project driven versus the non-
project driven organizations. It states
that the micro level organizations
have marketing, engineering, or
manufacturing driven while on the
macro level, organizations are based
in a project or non-project driven.
According to Kerzner (2013),
construction are one of the project
driven organization where each
project have a separate cost centre
I haven’t experienced working in
project driven organization but in
non-project driven, we always have
daily support for our products.
Working in a non-project driven
company is a boost for me because
it can help me improve my technical
skills and communication.
Non-project organization doesn’t
solely rely on giving support to
organizations but they tend get their
profit through selling their products
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

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that has its own profit and loss
statement. The profit of these
organizations based their profit
through a series of projects they get.
While non project driven organizations
such as low technology
manufacturing. Their profit and loss
are measured on functional lines. Non
project driven organizations are like
the support type organizations who
give support expertise to
organizations who buys their product.
to customer.
Kerzner
Chapter 3
According to Kerzner (2013), the
indications that a traditional
organization structure may not be
adequate for managing resources are;
1. Technical skills that doesn’t
satisfies the management (not
meeting time, cost, and other
requirements)
2. Doesn’t have commitment to
get the job done
3. Skilled individuals who feels
exploited and misused
4. Individuals who blame each
other whenever there is a
In my previous company, there are
some people who is not committed
to finish the task given by our
manager. There are times where he
doesn’t finish the task and just
blame other people because he
thinks he is overloaded with work.
My learning for this is that we need
to understand the reason why that
individual doesn’t want to finish the
task. We should help and encourage
them to do this in order to meet the
deadline given by our manager.
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

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problem
5. Individuals who is not satisfied
with the organizations
achievement.
5.6 Portfolio 6
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 6
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Lecture Slides According to Kerzner (2013), there are
three steps in implementing
organisational PM;
1. Determine commitment to
critical success factors
2. Determine Feasibility
3. Propose OPM Business Case
The structure of Prince 2 has 7
On my previous company, we almost
didn’t commit to organisational PM
because of commitment. There are
managers who says they are
committed but will leave the
company before implementing
organisational PM. From my
experience, it is hard to cope up to
organisational PM when you start it
and then finish it mid-way and not
continue it. My learning is that you
need to be ready for whatever might
happen.
Doing projects need’s to follow
Week 6 Lecture Slide

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Principles, 7 themes, 7 processes,
environment, and tailoring.
Principles consists of;
1. Continued business
justification
2. Learning lessons
3. Roles and responsibilities
4. Managing by stages
5. Managing by exception
6. Product focused
7. Tailored to suit
Themes consists of;
1. Business Case
2. Organisation
3. Quality
4. Plans
5. Risk
6. Change
7. Progress
Processes consists of;
1. Starting up a project
2. Directing a project
3. Initiating a project
4. Managing a stage boundary
5. Controlling a stage
detailed process in order for this
project to be successful.

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6. Managing product delivery
7. Closing a project
Kerzner
Chapter 1.8-
1.10
There are project sponsors who like to
get involve during a project but
according to Kerzner (2013), any
project sponsor does not have the
right to remove any in-house
representatives in the company. If the
sponsor have issues with this specific
individual, they should consult first
with the project manager to resolve
the issue.
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.
Kerzner
Chapter 10
The success of any project depends on
three managers;
1. Project Manager
2. Line Manager
3. Senior Manager
Project and line managers should treat
each other as equal and work as a
team and the senior manager should
provide guidelines to project and line
manager in order for any project to be
successful.
There are certain tasks that the
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

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project manager needs to establish in
order for the project to succeed and
they are;
1. Define task
2. Resource allocation
3. Establish milestones
4. Define quality and
requirements
5. Create basis for measuring
performance
Kerzner
Chapter 11.25
According to Kerzner (2013), the
difference between a good project
manager and a poor project manager
is all about planning. Planning a
project needs certain guidelines and
as a good project manager you will
also need to plan for; development
schedule, budget development,
project administration, leadership
style, and conflict management.
I didn’t experience having a project
manager because being a technical
support, you are the head of your
own department, and the success of
your project will depend on you
decisions. My learning from this is
that you will need to plan ahead of
time so that when there are
necessary changes to the planned
project, you will be ready to adapt
these necessary changes.
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

5.7 Portfolio 7
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 7
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Lecture Slide The principles, themes, and processes
of Prince 2 are;
Principles;
1. Continued business
justification
2. Learning lessons
3. Roles and responsibilities
4. Managing by stages
5. Managing by exception
6. Product focused
7. Tailored to suit
Themes;
1. Business Case
2. Organisation
3. Quality
4. Plans
5. Risk
6. Change
7. Progress
Processes;
1. Starting up a project
2. Directing a project
Week 7 Lecture Slide

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3. Initiating a project
4. Managing a stage boundary
5. Controlling a stage
6. Managing product delivery
Closing a project
Kerzner
Chapter 11.0
According to Kerzner (2013), there are
two proverbs that affect project
planning and they are;
1. Failing to plan is planning to
fail
2. The primary benefit of not
planning is that failure will
then come as a complete
surprise rather than being
preceded by periods of worry
and depression.
According to Kerzner (2013), without
proper planning, programs and project
can start off “behind the eight ball”.
There are consequences the author
has mentioned for poor planning and
they are;
1. Project imitation without
defined requirements
2. Wild enthusiasm
This is the same as our current
project at CQU. We didn’t plan
ahead of time and now we are
chasing time so that we can still
succeed. We must plan ahead of
time and not wait till the last
minute.
When there is a project given to us
we tend to lack off for a bit because
we think we can finish the given
project for this specific time but
when we finally do it, we would get
surprised and be behind on time and
will blame others for our laziness. So
my learning is that we need to start
as soon as possible when a project
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

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3. Disillusionment
4. Chaos
5. Search for the guilty
6. Punishment of the innocent
7. Promotion of the
nonparticipants.
According to Kerzner (2013), there are
several problems with developing
projects and they are;
1. Project objectives are not
agreeable to all parties
2. Project objectives are too rigid
to accommodate changing
priorities
3. Insufficient time exists to
define objectives well
4. Objectives are not adequately
quantified
5. Objectives are not
documented well enough
6. Efforts of client and project
personnel are not coordinated
7. Personnel turnover is high
has given to us.
In my previous company, there are
times where people with high
knowledge in IT was assigned to do a
project, when making the project
objectives, they sometime inter
correlate because one person
believes that this should be the
objective while the other believes
this objective. So my learning from
this one is that you need to see the
bigger picture of every project and
need to determine what your client
wants so that you can meet all
requirements to have a successful
project.

5.8 Portfolio 8
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 8
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Lecture Slide In this week’s lecture, we have
discussed the outputs vs outcomes of
project management.
Work breakdown structures is to
structure the work intro small
elements. WBS also defines and
communicates full scope and it only
includes only what is in the scope.
Work package is to represent units of
work at level that is done. It also
distinguish one work package from
other work package. The start and end
dates of the work package must be
specified here and also the budget.
There are also activities useful in
developing an organisation PM. They
need to establish what project
management to them is and they
need to define what a project is. They
also need to determine the PM
processes appropriate for each project
Week 8 Lecture Slide

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they take. They will also need to
establish reporting models.
Kerzner
Chapter 11.9-
11.14; 11.22-
11.29
In this chapter, the author had
discussed the statement of work,
project specifications, milestone
schedules, work breakdown structure,
WBS decomposition problems, and
WBS dictionary.
According to Kerzner (2013), in the
planning phase, the project manager
should structure the WBS into small
elements that are:
1. Manageable
2. Independent
3. Integratable
4. Measurable
Unexpected changes can occur in
every flow of protocol and processes
in the organization. This chapter have
provided me information that requires
acquiring, implementing, and
monitoring change within the
organization. I have learned to fully
manage and ensure an ongoing
One of my weakness in PPMP is
doing the WBS of one of our
assessment in PPMP. I had a hard
time to determine the WBS needed
in our project and also the milestone
that needs to be specified. After my
last PPMP20008 subject, I was able
to fully understand WBS and do a
good job in doing WBS tasks.
From this experience, I was able to
understand that when you have
specified the WBS for your project,
there will still be numerous of
changes that can affect your ongoing
project. You should need to pay
attention on the case studies and
focus on what the client wants in
order to determine the proper WBS
for the project.
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

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process.
5.9 Portfolio 9
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 9
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Lecture Slides In this week’s lecture, we have
discussed the Quality Management
and Continuous Improvement.
Quality Management is to seek
minimal variation and delivering
results to meet certain requirements
like:
 Customer Satisfaction
 Prevention over inspection
 Continuous improvement
 Management responsibility
 Cost of Quality
One of my learning outcome of this
week is the Taguchi Approach. Taguchi
said:
 Quality should be designed
One of my learning from my
experience is that when
implementing a system or a product,
you should look into the big picture
but the small picture. Looking into
the big picture is good but you also
set big expectations. In looking at
small picture, you take into account
that you always check the small
details before going to the next
requirement.
Week 9 Lecture

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into the product not inspected
into it.
 Quality is best achieved by
minimising the deviation from
a target
 The cost of quality should be
measured as a deviation from
the standard and the losses
should be measured system-
wide
Kerzner
Chapter 20.0-
20.8
According to Kerzner (2013), there are
4 common method to classify costs
and they are:
 Prevention Cost – it is the up-
front cost oriented toward the
satisfaction of customer’s
requirement with the
produced products without
defects.
 Appraisal Cost – it is the cost
associated with evaluation of
products or process to
ascertain how well all of the
requirements of the customer
have been met.
 Internal Failure Cost – is the
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

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costs associated with the
failure of the processes to
make products acceptable to
the customer before leaving
the control of the organization.
 External Failure Cost – it is the
cost associated with the
determination by the customer
that his requirements have not
been satisfied.
Kerzner
Chapter 21.0-
21.4
According to Kerzner (2013), there are
5 levels of Project Management
Maturity Model or PMMM and they
are;
Level 1 – Common Language
Level 2 – Common Process
Level 3 – Singular Methodology
Level 4 – Benchmarking
Level 5 – Continuous Improvement
In common Language, organizations
tend to recognize how important
project management is and the need
to having a good understanding in
basic knowledge on project
management.
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

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In Common Process, organizations
need to define and develop what
success they achieve on one project
because it can also be achieved on
future projects
In Singular Methodology,
organizations tend to recognize the
effect of combining all corporate
methodology into a singular
methodology.
In Benchmarking, organizations tend
to recognize the process improvement
that is necessary to maintain a
competitive advantage.
In Continuous Improvement,
organizations tend to evaluate the
information’s they obtained in
benchmarking level and should decide
if it will enhance the singular
methodology.

5.10 Portfolio 10
WEEKLY PORTFOLIO LEARNING TABLE – WEEK 10
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Lecture Slides In this week lecture, I learned that
there are two types of Project
Management Maturity Model, one
was defined by Kerzner and one was
P3M3.
Level 1 – Awareness of process
Level 2 – Repeatable processes
Level 3 – Defined processes
Level 4 – Managed process
Level 5 – Optimised process
In Awareness of process, the
processes are not usually
documented, little or no guidance or
supporting documentation.
In Repeatable processes, there may be
areas starting to use standard
approaches but no consistency across
organization.
In Defined process, the processes are
documented, standardised and
Week 6 Lecture Slide

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integrated to some extent into
business processes.
In Managed Process, it is the defined
processes that are quantitatively
managed.
In Optimised process, it is when
processes are continuously optimised
for changing its business needs.
Kerzner
Chapter 21.5-
21.8
One of my personal learning in this
chapter is the managing multiple
projects. There are 6 categories which
Kerzner has pointed out when dealing
with multiple projects.
1. Prioritization – According to
Kerzner (2013), if there is a
prioritization system
implemented in an
organization, it should be used
correctly so that an employee
credibility in the system is
realized.
2. Scope Changes – According to
Kerzner (2013), if you are
managing multiple projects, it
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

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impossible to finish a project if
you sponsors are allowed to do
scope changes continuously.
3. Capacity Planning – According
to Kerzner (2013),
Management of multiple
projects of an organization
generally have tight control on
resource scheduling.
4. Project Methodology –
According to Kerzner (2013),
methodologies for project
management range from rigid
policies and procedures to
more informal guidelines and
checklists.
5. Project Initiation – According
to Kerzner (2013),
organizations who manage
multiple projects has been on
the industry for about 40
years. Managing multiple
projects can be successful if
the projects are in a different
life-cycle.
6. Organizational Structures –
According to Kerzner (2013), if

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the project manager where to
manage multiple projects,
there is a possibility that the
PM is not an expert on all
areas of the project.
Kerzner
Chapter 22
My personal learning from this
chapter is that there should be a valid
business purpose for a scope change
and According to Kerzner (2013),
below are the following factors for
scope changes:
 The customers’ needs and the
added value that the scope
change will provide
 The market needs to make the
scope change (time, payback
period, return on investment,
and whether the final product
will sell at an overprice on the
market
 The impact of the length of the
product life cycle
 Competitions ability to imitate
the scope change
 And if there is a product
liability
Project Management A systems
Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and
Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R.
Kerzner, Ph.D.

5.11 Supporting documents
Lecture Slide Week 1-10
Project Management A systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling 11th Edition, Harold R. Kerzner, Ph.D.