Project Planning and Budgeting

This document discusses project planning and budgeting, including cost management processes, tools, and techniques, as well as quality management processes and tools. It covers topics such as cost benefit analysis, net present value, payback period, and different estimation techniques. It also explores quality assurance, quality control, and quality improvement processes, along with various quality management tools and techniques.

Running head: PROJECT PLANNING AND BUDGETING
Project Planning and budgeting
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Part A: Module Discussion Activity
Initial post
It has been defined that, whether a project is success or failure can be measure
considering all components of quality management knowledge area. The quality of any project is
measured with the help of consumer satisfaction, continuous improvement plan, prevention taken
based on inspection. Project quality management is referred to as a process or knowledge area
that requires massive focus for the success of nay project. The aim of quality management plan is
to identify, assess, control and achieve product quality to meet the primary objectives of the
company and also the requirements of the consumers.
In order to manage the quality of any project different available tools and techniques can
be used by the project associates. The most common quality management tool and techniques
widely used by the project associates are cause and effect diagram, control chart, histogram,
pareto chart and flow chart. The cause and effect diagram is used to observe whether the quality
of any project is reaching the primary objectives or not. If not then respective change
management program is required to be incorporated to make changes accordingly.
It is determine that the estimated cost of any project is somewhere related to the quality
of the projects. If lesser amount of cost is estimated then the project associates would have to
compromise with the quality of the project. It is necessary for the project managers and other
stakeholders to estimate the cost based on the requirements and quality expectation of the
customers.

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Part B: cost and quality management plan
1. Cost management plan
1.1 Cost management process
In order to manage any project, stakeholders are needed to identify and follow proper
cost management processes. Based on the size and type of project the project lead must choose
the mist suitable cost management process. Some of the processes are elaborated in the below
section:
Cost benefit analysis: The process of cost benefit analysis is referred to as one of the
most widely used approach for project success. This value is calculated from the ratio of total
investment and expected benefits from the project. Cost benefit analysis tool is used to evaluate
change initiatives and other new projects as well. It helps to determined feasibility of the capital
purchase. In order to make effective decision making the cost benefit analysis approach is used.
The cost benefit analysis report includes intangible cost, opportunity cost, direct cost and indirect
cost as well. For most if the project, the stakeholders and project leads select cost benefit analysis
to study the project feasibility and its commercial success.
Net Present Value (NPV): NPV is the other cost management process used by finance
managers to measure the failure and success of any project. Throughout the project development
period the net cost measured for the project is measured with the help of NPV.
Payback period: The payback period estimates the total time that an organization would
take to recoup the total expense that the company has invested primarily. The project sponsors

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need to look at the present revenue value before measuring the estimated payback time and cost
as well.
Scoring model: The scoring model is one of the most flexible tools used to make
comparison between one tools to other. Basically with the help of this model the cost assigned
for different projects can be compared and contrasted accordingly.
1.2 Cost management tools and techniques
Different cost management tools and techniques are there used by project finance
managers to measure and calculate the net budget for any project. Based on the size, type and
structure of the project most suitable cost management tools and techniques are needed to be
chosen by the finance managers. The details of these tools and techniques are as follows:
Expert judgment: The experiences, knowledge and judgment of the experts are
considered to estimate the total project cost. This tool also can take unique specific factors
associate to the project.
Analogous Estimation: The analogous estimation technique applies different historical
data associated to the project. This type of estimation technique can be successfully adjusted for
different known differences between projects. However, this type of estimation technique is
widely applied by the finance managers at the project initiation phase.
Parametric estimation: The parametric estimation technique uses various statistical
models for developing or estimating the net project cost.
Bottom up cost estimation: The bottom up cost estimation technique is one of the most
effective tools used for measuring the net cost of any project.

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1.3 Justification for the developed budgetary plan
After analyzing the process, tools and techniques of cost management plan it can be said
that bottom up approach and analogous estimation technique is the mist suitable process used for
developing project budgetary plan. Besides these three point estimation is the other program
evaluation and review technique used to develop the cost plan for any project. Managing cost is
referred to as one of the most essential knowledge areas which require major focus from the
project management perspectives. During the design and implementation of any project both
project head and stakeholders are needed to follow the project cost management components
accurately. If all cost management approaches are appropriately followed by the project
stakeholders then the head would be able to implement the project within assigned cost. The cost
management plan is comprises of three cost components such as processes, tools and technique.
If any of the above mentioned factors are failed to be considered then the project would also not
be able to meet the success criteria and objectives.
2. Quality management plan
2.1 Quality management process
The project success and failure are measured based on the quality of the project. If it is
found that quality of a project is good then the project would be identified as a successful and if
not then the project would be identified as a failure. The process of quality management is
comprises of three different components or factors in terms of quality assurance, quality control
and quality improvement. The processes of quality management plan include important tools and
techniques and also details of these tools and techniques required to deliver quality project.

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Quality assurance: The process of quality assurance provides reassurance regarding
whether the project is meeting the expected outcomes or not. This is a continuous process
applied throughout the project development life cycle period through regular and periodical
project review. Apart from that independent audits are also required to make sure that the project
is effective.
Quality control: The quality of any project is controlled through testing and measuring
different project related aspects. In order to reduce the rate of project complexity and other errors
the project progress should be properly controlled. Some projects are there which creates
physical products therefore; in order to improve the business process the project quality needs to
be controlled accurately.
Quality improvement: after reviewing the quality of any project if it is identified that the
quality of the project is not nor meeting the expected outcomes and consumer’s expectation, then
respective change programs are needed to be implemented by the project associates. In order to
improve the quality of any project the project associates are needed to implement respective
improvement processes.
2.2 Quality management tools and techniques
In order to maintain the quality of any project the different quality management tools and
techniques that are to be considered by the project associates include cause and effect diagram,
Pareto chart, Flow chart, scatter diagram, statistical sampling, control charts, histogram etc.
Based on the quality of the project the mist suitable quality management tools and techniques are
needed to be elected by the project developers. The application of these tools and techniques are
elaborated in the below section:

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Cause and effect diagram: The cause and effect diagram helps the project managers to
identify the reason of success and failure and its positive and negative consequences.
Control chart: The control chart is used by the project managers to illustrate the stability
of any process. During the project progress period if the recorded time, processes shows
unacceptable variances then the process would deemed completely unstable.
Flow chart: The process of flow chart used to determine the existing problems associates
to the quality management processes. In order to predict the potential challenges present in
quality management process this tool is used by the project associates.
Pareto chart and Pareto analysis: This process is used to identify the probability
density as well as the distribution functions. It is the probability of occurrences of the variables.
2.3 Justification for quality plan
It can be said that use of quality management plan is always beneficial for project
success. In fact before implementing any project the project managers should always use project
quality management plan. With the help of project quality management plan the project team
members can achieve project scope statement, consistent production, customer satisfaction,
increased market share etc. Overall it can be said that, the complete project management process
can be improved with its quality assurance with a lesser errors.

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