ISMT College Proposal for Computing Research Project A study on impact of IoT based Smart Agriculture
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16 MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER) Proposal for Computing Research Project | ISMT College List of Tables Figure 1: Agricultural Land Of Nepal https://www.adb.org/results/nourishing-fields-nepal 1 Figure 2: Agricultural Problems of Farmers https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/11/traditional-methods-solving-farming-buildingproblems/ . 15 MAN
ISMT College Proposal for Computing Research Project A study on impact of IoT based Smart Agriculture
Added on 2022-01-20
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Proposal for Computing Research Project | ISMT College
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Proposal for Computing
Research Project
A study on impact of IoT based Smart Agriculture.
ISMT College 8/28/21 Manju Pokharel (BTEC HND |
III SEMISTER)
[TYPE HERE] [TYPE HERE] 0 | P A G E
Proposal for Computing
Research Project
A study on impact of IoT based Smart Agriculture.
ISMT College 8/28/21 Manju Pokharel (BTEC HND |
III SEMISTER)
Proposal for Computing Research Project | ISMT College
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER)
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background Study ................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Problem Statement ................................................................................................................ 2
1.3 Research Questions: .............................................................................................................. 4
1.4 Significance of the study ....................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Scope and limitation of the research: .................................................................................... 5
1.6 Research Objectives: ............................................................................................................. 6
Chapter 2: Reasons for choosing the topic ...................................................................................... 6
Chapter 3: Literature Review .......................................................................................................... 7
Chapter 4: Methodology.................................................................................................................. 9
3.1 Research Methodology:......................................................................................................... 9
3.2 Data Collection:................................................................................................................... 12
3.3 Population and Sample:....................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 4: Time Schedule ............................................................................................................. 13
Chapter 5: Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 16
References ..................................................................................................................................... 16
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER)
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background Study ................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Problem Statement ................................................................................................................ 2
1.3 Research Questions: .............................................................................................................. 4
1.4 Significance of the study ....................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Scope and limitation of the research: .................................................................................... 5
1.6 Research Objectives: ............................................................................................................. 6
Chapter 2: Reasons for choosing the topic ...................................................................................... 6
Chapter 3: Literature Review .......................................................................................................... 7
Chapter 4: Methodology.................................................................................................................. 9
3.1 Research Methodology:......................................................................................................... 9
3.2 Data Collection:................................................................................................................... 12
3.3 Population and Sample:....................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 4: Time Schedule ............................................................................................................. 13
Chapter 5: Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 16
References ..................................................................................................................................... 16
Proposal for Computing Research Project | ISMT College
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER)
List of Tables
Figure 1: Agricultural Land Of Nepal {https://www.adb.org/results/nourishing-fields-nepal}...... 1
Figure 2: Agricultural Problems of Farmers
{https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/11/traditional-methods-solving-farming-building-
problems/} ....................................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 3: Cloud monitoring {https://easternpeak.com/blog/iot-in-agriculture-technology-use-
cases-for-smart-farming-and-challenges-to-consider/}................................................................. 11
Figure 4: Agricultural Drones {https://easternpeak.com/blog/iot-in-agriculture-technology-use-
cases-for-smart-farming-and-challenges-to-consider/}................................................................. 11
Figure 5: Tasks with the time period required for its completion ................................................. 15
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER)
List of Tables
Figure 1: Agricultural Land Of Nepal {https://www.adb.org/results/nourishing-fields-nepal}...... 1
Figure 2: Agricultural Problems of Farmers
{https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/11/traditional-methods-solving-farming-building-
problems/} ....................................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 3: Cloud monitoring {https://easternpeak.com/blog/iot-in-agriculture-technology-use-
cases-for-smart-farming-and-challenges-to-consider/}................................................................. 11
Figure 4: Agricultural Drones {https://easternpeak.com/blog/iot-in-agriculture-technology-use-
cases-for-smart-farming-and-challenges-to-consider/}................................................................. 11
Figure 5: Tasks with the time period required for its completion ................................................. 15
Proposal for Computing Research Project | ISMT College
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER) 1 | P a g e
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Background Study
The internet of things or simply IoT is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical
and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the
ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction. It is a system of physical objects whose purpose is to collect and exchange data with
each other over the Internet. The invention and involvement of IoT revolutionized has different
processes that are involved in many domains such as home security, equipment manufacturing,
health monitoring, automated transportation and especially agriculture. In modern agriculture,
IoT is efficiently utilized in many subdomains such as precision farming, smart crop monitoring,
soil quality, smart irrigation systems and mainly others.
Figure 1: Agricultural Land Of Nepal {https://www.adb.org/results/nourishing-fields-nepal}
Agriculture is an important part of Nepal's economy and is the backbone of our country. Around
68% of livelihood is depended on agriculture which accounts for about 34% of the Gross
Domestic Product (GDP). Like Nepal and other countries, majority of country population
depends on farming and nations incomes has comes from farming. Agriculture is major boon to
country's economy. Agriculture contributes nearly one-third of the nation's GDP and provides
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER) 1 | P a g e
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Background Study
The internet of things or simply IoT is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical
and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the
ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction. It is a system of physical objects whose purpose is to collect and exchange data with
each other over the Internet. The invention and involvement of IoT revolutionized has different
processes that are involved in many domains such as home security, equipment manufacturing,
health monitoring, automated transportation and especially agriculture. In modern agriculture,
IoT is efficiently utilized in many subdomains such as precision farming, smart crop monitoring,
soil quality, smart irrigation systems and mainly others.
Figure 1: Agricultural Land Of Nepal {https://www.adb.org/results/nourishing-fields-nepal}
Agriculture is an important part of Nepal's economy and is the backbone of our country. Around
68% of livelihood is depended on agriculture which accounts for about 34% of the Gross
Domestic Product (GDP). Like Nepal and other countries, majority of country population
depends on farming and nations incomes has comes from farming. Agriculture is major boon to
country's economy. Agriculture contributes nearly one-third of the nation's GDP and provides
Proposal for Computing Research Project | ISMT College
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER) 2 | P A G E
employment to two-third of the Nepali people. However, the annual population growth rate of
1.3% has put pressure on agricultural productivity and one of its impacts seen is the decreasing
value added by agriculture in GDP. The agro-ecological lands of Nepal have been divided into
three kinds: the terai, or the plains, the hills in the midsection, and the mountainous region. 23%
of the land area lies in Terai part of Nepal and is the most fertile land. The annual cultivation rate
in terai region is over 40%.Terai region produces crops including jute, sugarcane, maize, wheat,
and vegetables. The hilly region comprises of 42% of the land area of Nepal, but only 20% of it
is currently used for cultivation. Maize and wheat are mostly produced here. Owing to weather
conditions, only 5% of the land in mountainous region is suitable for cultivation. Out of the
country’s 14.7-billion-hectare area, only 2.6 million hectares of land in Nepal is arable. With the
increasing population, the per capita consumption demand for agricultural products is expected to
grow rapidly. For example, the demand for fresh vegetables is expected to grow at 1.9% annually
till 2020. It is therefore, more important now than ever to utilize these arable land to produce
maximum crops possible.
The main purpose of this study will be investing how IoT based smart agriculture change the face
of farming and cultivation. Now a day, Farmers can get lots of knowledge and information about
latest technology and farming techniques through IoT. In smart farming, a system is built for
monitoring the crop field with the help of sensors (i.e. light, humidity, temperature, soil moisture
etc.) and automating the irrigation system.
1.2 Problem Statement
The traditional agriculture and allied sector cannot meet the requirements of modern and smart
agriculture which requires high-yield, high quality and efficient output. Similarly, the major
problems that farmers face is irregular distribution of water in the field. Crops don't get the
required nutrients because of poor soil quality which results in the improper growth of crops.
Agricultural tools are not advanced. Due to traditional farming, cultivation is very difficult and
production is low. Farmers are not skilled in the methods of the modern agriculture. They are also
not healthy enough to realize the potential of their farms. Similarly, due to lack of market agro-
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER) 2 | P A G E
employment to two-third of the Nepali people. However, the annual population growth rate of
1.3% has put pressure on agricultural productivity and one of its impacts seen is the decreasing
value added by agriculture in GDP. The agro-ecological lands of Nepal have been divided into
three kinds: the terai, or the plains, the hills in the midsection, and the mountainous region. 23%
of the land area lies in Terai part of Nepal and is the most fertile land. The annual cultivation rate
in terai region is over 40%.Terai region produces crops including jute, sugarcane, maize, wheat,
and vegetables. The hilly region comprises of 42% of the land area of Nepal, but only 20% of it
is currently used for cultivation. Maize and wheat are mostly produced here. Owing to weather
conditions, only 5% of the land in mountainous region is suitable for cultivation. Out of the
country’s 14.7-billion-hectare area, only 2.6 million hectares of land in Nepal is arable. With the
increasing population, the per capita consumption demand for agricultural products is expected to
grow rapidly. For example, the demand for fresh vegetables is expected to grow at 1.9% annually
till 2020. It is therefore, more important now than ever to utilize these arable land to produce
maximum crops possible.
The main purpose of this study will be investing how IoT based smart agriculture change the face
of farming and cultivation. Now a day, Farmers can get lots of knowledge and information about
latest technology and farming techniques through IoT. In smart farming, a system is built for
monitoring the crop field with the help of sensors (i.e. light, humidity, temperature, soil moisture
etc.) and automating the irrigation system.
1.2 Problem Statement
The traditional agriculture and allied sector cannot meet the requirements of modern and smart
agriculture which requires high-yield, high quality and efficient output. Similarly, the major
problems that farmers face is irregular distribution of water in the field. Crops don't get the
required nutrients because of poor soil quality which results in the improper growth of crops.
Agricultural tools are not advanced. Due to traditional farming, cultivation is very difficult and
production is low. Farmers are not skilled in the methods of the modern agriculture. They are also
not healthy enough to realize the potential of their farms. Similarly, due to lack of market agro-
Proposal for Computing Research Project | ISMT College
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER) 3 | P A G E
based products rot in the places where they are grown. Food grains that are grown in terai cannot
be transported to other areas nor easily can fruits such as apple grown in the north easily get
market in the south. Due to lack of storage facilities, agricultural products suffer low price. Fertile
valley and plains are being occupied by the settlement and industries land distribution is not
scientific and democratic. These are day to day problems faced by farmers of Nepal.
Figure 2: Agricultural Problems of Farmers
{https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/11/traditional-methods-solving-farming-building-
problems/}
Thus, as a solution to the existing problems, I have focused on smart Agricultures and farming
automated system with the help of IoT. I have focused on smart systems for monitoring and
controlling agricultural parameters by enhancing productivity and efficiency. Smart systems
collect data for measurements to get accurate results that can lead to accurate actions. Current use
of smart agricultural system relates to collecting data on environment parameters such as
temperature, humidity, soil moisture. With accurate sensor data collection using a range of
different sensors, I will implement smart agricultural systems to make the farm process more
effective. I will mainly focus on sub-verticles such as water management, crop management,
smart farming, precision farming, smart greenhouse, agricultural drones and data analytics to
make processes automated by reducing human intervention costs, power consumption and water
consumption.
MANJU POKHAREL (BTEC HND | III SEMISTER) 3 | P A G E
based products rot in the places where they are grown. Food grains that are grown in terai cannot
be transported to other areas nor easily can fruits such as apple grown in the north easily get
market in the south. Due to lack of storage facilities, agricultural products suffer low price. Fertile
valley and plains are being occupied by the settlement and industries land distribution is not
scientific and democratic. These are day to day problems faced by farmers of Nepal.
Figure 2: Agricultural Problems of Farmers
{https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/11/traditional-methods-solving-farming-building-
problems/}
Thus, as a solution to the existing problems, I have focused on smart Agricultures and farming
automated system with the help of IoT. I have focused on smart systems for monitoring and
controlling agricultural parameters by enhancing productivity and efficiency. Smart systems
collect data for measurements to get accurate results that can lead to accurate actions. Current use
of smart agricultural system relates to collecting data on environment parameters such as
temperature, humidity, soil moisture. With accurate sensor data collection using a range of
different sensors, I will implement smart agricultural systems to make the farm process more
effective. I will mainly focus on sub-verticles such as water management, crop management,
smart farming, precision farming, smart greenhouse, agricultural drones and data analytics to
make processes automated by reducing human intervention costs, power consumption and water
consumption.
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