Protein Cystatin and its Role in Human Biology - Assignment
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Added on 2020-03-23
Protein Cystatin and its Role in Human Biology - Assignment
Added on 2020-03-23
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Running head: PROTEIN-CYSTATIN CProtein-Cystatin CName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor Note
PROTEIN-CYSTATIN CTable of ContentsNormal Function of Protein Cystatin C and its Role in Human Biology...................................2Primary Structure of Protein Cystatin C................................................................................2Secondary Tertiary and Quaternary Structure........................................................................3Analysis of Protein Dysfunction............................................................................................4Details of protein family........................................................................................................4Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA).......................................................................................5Molecular Basis of the Disease..............................................................................................5Gene mutation........................................................................................................................5Protein Dysfunction...............................................................................................................5Disease Symptoms and Characteristics..................................................................................5Physiological Basis of the Disease.........................................................................................6Current and Future Potential of Treatment................................................................................6References..................................................................................................................................8
PROTEIN-CYSTATIN CNormal Function of Protein Cystatin C and its Role in Human BiologyThe protein cystatin C is proteinase inhibitor. This ubiquitous protein is found in thebody fluids of all the mammals. The primary function of Protein Cystatin C is to regulate theactivity of cysteine via inhibiting its vital functions. Cysteine plays an important role inregulating the intracellular catabolism of proteins and peptides. Protein Cystatin C showsactive inhibitory effect on several cysteine protease namely cathepsins B, H, K, L and S. Thisubiquitous protein undergoes proteolytic degradation under the influence of cathepsin D andelastase. Cathepsins are lysosomal proteases and are popularly known as housekeeping genesand they differ in their primary structural symmetry, substrate binding specificities andbiochemical characteristics (1).Cystatin C is a biomarker used for the detection of normal renal function andcardiovascular disease (1).Primary Structure of Protein Cystatin CCystatin C belongs to the cystatin superfamily. It interacts reversibly with targetpeptidases and such interactions is seemingly independent and depends only on the affinitycontributions from a wedge-shaped binding region that is constructed with the help of the twoloop-forming inhibitor segments and a corresponding binding region corresponding to the N-terminal segment of that particular inhibitor (2).Protein Cystatin C is present as a single copy in the human genome with a size of 5 kb(approx.) It is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain of 120-residue. cystatin family exhibitslow molecular weight and shares homology in their amino-acid sequences. In spite of theirsequential homology, there exists a difference in the post translational modification. Thenature of the post-translational modification of cystatin gene (alpha, beta and gamma) is
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