Analysis of Psychological Abnormality: Models, Factors, and Comparison

This report delves into the realm of psychological abnormality, providing a comprehensive overview of the subject. It begins by defining and differentiating between normal and abnormal behavior, followed by an exploration of various models, including biological, behavioral, cognitive, and psychodynamic approaches. The report then compares and contrasts biological and psychological abnormalities, highlighting the underlying causes and manifestations of each. Furthermore, it examines the various factors that influence psychological disorders, such as cultural influences, socio-economic factors, and gender-related considerations. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and emphasizing the multifaceted nature of psychological abnormality and its impact on individuals. The report uses case studies to provide examples of the different psychological disorders.

Psychological Abnormality

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Difference in between normal and abnormal behavior and their models............................1
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................3
2. 1 Compare and contrast in between biological and psychological abnormality.....................3
TASK 3 ...........................................................................................................................................4
3.1 Factors influences psychological dis- order .......................................................................4
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Psychology abnormalities refers to that process in which an individual is get affects by
the unusual pattern of behavior and emotion. It is that type of study in which individual
considered all types of behavior, factors and emotions which may affect individual growth (Bolt
and et.al., 2017). The present report is based Psychology abnormalities. This report make
investigation on human behavior and different models of abnormal behavior. It also makes
comparison and contrast in between biological and psychological abnormality. In addition, it also
makes analysis on the factors which leads to psychological dis-order at individual level.
TASK 1
1.1 Difference in between normal and abnormal behaviour and their models
Behaviour is considered as a set of action which taken by individual to make interaction
or expressing their own views towards others. (Dillon, 2016). In the Psychology there are two
types of behaviour that is normal or abnormal behaviour.
Normal behaviour
The common behaviour pattern which is generally found in the majority of people is
called normal behaviour. Normal people are capable of establishing, satisfying and acceptable
relationship with other people (Elfadaly, Garthwaite and Crawford, 2016). Their emotion are
appropriate to different situation and they are able to control their emotions as well. Normal
people are able to adjust well with other, surroundings and associated the common people.
Abnormal behaviour
The concept of abnormality is defined as the simple exaggeration or perverted
development of normal psychological behaviour. It can also be defied as the behaviour unusual
pattern of behaviour emotion and thought (Ferndale, Munro and Watson 2016). The sign of the
abnormal behaviour includes reduce work efficiency, unhappiness, unable to cope and lack of
self confidence. These are all sign of the abnormal behaviour.
Different models of abnormal behaviour
In general there are four models of behaviour are found which belongs to abnormality.
Biological model

This model is based on the assumption that all psychological and behavioural
abnormalities all are caused by the biological causes. Required this model argument presented
that, abnormal behaviour may be likened to a disease. In the present case study, Mary 22 year
old girl are depressing she feels lonely and depressed (Lafarge, Mitchell and Fox, 2017).
According to the suggestion of this model individual behaviour is gets effects by the
environment so for avoiding such problems it is important that patient's environment is also
improved and does not get effects by any other types of factors. In the given case study Joe was
suffering firm the anorexia, which is eating disorder. Under this problem a person become
concern about his food and diet. For avoiding such problem Joe need to rational emotive
therapy so he can emotionally make connection with his family and get overcome with this
problem.
Behavioural model
Assumption of this model is that, all maladaptive behaviour is essential acquired
through the environment. According this model, individual behaviour is also gets effects by the
environment through which they are the associated (Liu, Li and Yi, 2016) It also explains that
each individual behaviour is also gets effected by those experiences which they received in their
life. In the given case study, Dereck a 27 year old man diagnosed with schizophrenia. It is
chronic and severe mental disorder that effects person thinking and behavioural level.
Cognitive model
The causes of abnormal behaviour appears because of faulty thought process. This model
Includes that the way in which individual think about himself/herself affects his behaviour.
Psychodynamic model
This model focuses on that type of abnormality which is based on the psychological
model. As per principle of this model, individuals thoughts, their illness and childhood
experience my also effects their mental stability (Pelling, 2017). Pierre is also suffering the
similar problem. He feels depressing all the time. In the present case study he no longer enjoy
his life and state being depressed all the time. The best therapy which is stated for such
problems free association. By making free associated with other people they can easily overcome
with this problem.

TASK 2
2. 1 Compare and contrast in between biological and psychological abnormality
There are various type of abnormality which faced by individual under psychological
Abnormality. The Biological abnormality is related to the changes which occurred under
individual due changes which take place in human body (Bolt and et.al., 2017). On the other
hand psychodynamic abnormality is related to the those psychological changes which take place
in individual as experience and their minds.
Biological abnormality
As per this abnormality, process all types of abnormal process which occurred under
individual due to the changes which take place in their brain and body. In normal human brain
there are many types of mental disorder comes which need to be assessed in correct way.
According to the biological abnormality such types of illness occurred due to the problem
harmonics changes which taken place in human body (Dillon, 2016). The main two type of
biological abnormality is related to the bi-polar and anorexia which educed levels of Serotonin
in the brain. In many types of cases it is also found that biological abnormality is also occurred
due to the any chemical imbalance, microbes or physical stress. In many types of research cases
it is also found that such type of abnormality is also effects individual's life because of their
genetic changes (Elfadaly, Garthwaite and Crawford, 2016). In the present case study Mary and
Joe both are effecting such types of problems. Mary is effecting from the bi-polar and Joe is
effects from the anorexia.
Psychological abnormality
It is related to the psychological behaviour of individual. As according to, this model the
main problems which faced by individual in their life because of their psychological illness
which occurred due to the “repressed emotions and thoughts”. Such type of thought and emotion
are related to normal human life experience. In many types of medical research it is found that
most of the time individual have to face rational motions because of bad experiences.
Following are the similarities and dissimilarities in between biological and psychological
abnormality (Ferndale, Munro and Watson 2016)
Similarities dissimilarities

The Similarities in between biological and
psychological abnormality is both ignores
current events and conscious thought
processes.
Both abnormalities are considered that all the
type of abnormalities appears because of
genetics.
According to definition of both abnormalities
main cause of abnormal in human is because
of their inner structured and no action can be
rectify it (Pelling, 2017).
Biological dissimilarities occurred due to the
changes which take place in their brain and
psychological abnormality appears due to the
repressed emotions and thoughts.
Biological abnormalities are appears because
of the genetics and on the other hand
behavioral approach appears by the external
environment.
The main two type of biological abnormality is
related to the bi-polar and anorexia (Liu, Li and
Yi, 2016). On the other hand example of
psychodynamic dis order are Schizoid
personality disorder, Paranoid personality
disorder and Histrionic personality disorder etc.
In the given case study it is found that Mary and Joe both are suffering form the
biological abnormality. On the other hand Pierre is suffering from the depression which is
related to the psychological abnormality.
TASK 3
3.1 Factors influences psychological dis- order
It refers to a disorder of the mind in which involve thoughts, behaviors an emotion that
may either self or others significant distress. There are many types of factor which leads to
individual toward such type of problem such as culture, behaviors and environment (Lafarge,
Mitchell and Fox, 2017) The mental dis- order is usually combination of the behaviour, feels or
individual thinking. In the normal human life there are various types of factors which may
create impact on their psychological dis-order. Some of those factors are given below.
Culture
The culture in which a normal human being is grown up may also gets effects their
psychological dis- order (Cherry, 2017). Human mind and cultural both are inseparable and

mutually constitutive. According to the definition of this factor human psychology, is also
effects by the culture. Culture actually give the shape of individuals thought process and their
procedures (Liu, Li and Yi, 2016). In the given case study Mary is one of them, who is also
belongs to such types of problems. As her near environment, is not much concerned about her.
The culture in which persons brought up effects their psychology.
Social – economical groups
The social -economical factors refers to that factors in which a person is gets effected the
social process, stagnate or regress because of their local or regional economy, or the global
economy. In the psychological it is also effects human mind. According to factor theory,
individual, the group in which he is making interaction or the social group my effects their
psychology (Pelling, 2017). In the case of Mary this was also identified. She was suffering
from the depression in which she is not making nay kind of regular interaction to anyone and
also her family wad not concerned for him. Such types of factor also leads to individual for
psychological dis- order. To avoid such types of problem it is important that to make social
interaction with other people as well.
Gender
As per the human psychology each gender own some types of characteristics or traits.
This the research psychological, there are many types of problems which are effects to the
individual and occurred to their gender (Bolt and et.al., 2017). There are many types of dis-
order which occurred in the individual as per their gender. In the above case study Joe, who is
27, in which he wants to become for fit so he can give more good performance in sports. Many
researches it is identified that it is natural habit to always give the best performance. Such types
of gender dis -order many leads to many types of problems which they face and leads to the
psychological dis- order.
Apart from the above, there are some factors as well which may also leads to the
psychological dis order such as regional, education and income of the individual.
CONCLUSION
Summing up the above report it can be concluded that there are many types of reason
which leads to individual towards the psychological abnormalities. Psychology of human is not
always related to the mind but also related to the psychic or other factor. There are two types of

behavior of human that is normal and abnormal behavior. Each types of behavior also gets
effected by different types of factors or experience which they get in their life. From the present
report it is also concluded that Psychological disorder also involves different types of factors
which may effects progress of human psychology.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Bolt, T., and et.al., 2017. Correspondence between evoked and intrinsic functional brain
network configurations. Human Brain Mapping.
Dillon, J. J., 2016. Teaching Abnormal Psychology with Nicomachean Ethics. In Teaching
Psychology and the Socratic Method (pp. 117-127). Palgrave Macmillan US.
Elfadaly, F. G., Garthwaite, P. H. and Crawford, J. R., 2016. On point estimation of the
abnormality of a Mahalanobis index. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. 99.
pp.115-130.
Ferndale, D., Munro, L. and Watson, B., 2016. A Discourse of" Abnormality": Exploring
Discussions of People Living in Australia With Deafness or Hearing Loss. American
annals of the deaf. 160(5). pp.483-495.
Lafarge, C., Mitchell, K. and Fox, P., 2017. Posttraumatic growth following pregnancy
termination for fetal abnormality: the predictive role of coping strategies and perinatal
grief.
Liu, W., Li, M. and Yi, L., 2016. Identifying children with autism spectrum disorder based on
their face processing abnormality: A machine learning framework. Autism Research. 9(8).
pp.888-898.
Pelling, N., 2017. Abnormal psychology overview. Abnormal Psychology in Context: The
Australian and New Zealand Handbook, p.3.
Online
Cherry., T 2017. A List of Psychological Disorders. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.verywell.com/a-list-of-psychological-disorders-2794776>. [Accessed on 5th
, June 2017]