Workplace Violence and Employee Motivation

This assignment delves into the consequences of workplace violence on employee motivation, performance, and turnover. It examines the role of stress in the workplace and its manifestations on behaviors. The importance of protecting employees from workplace violence is highlighted, along with key factors to consider for prevention strategies. Additionally, theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Motivation to Work are applied to understand employee motivation and performance.

Psychological Stress And Violence In
The Working Environment On Firm’s
Profitability

Table of Contents
TITLE:.............................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................3
Case study...............................................................................................................................3
1.1 Background of the research..............................................................................................3
1.2 Rationale for the proposed research.................................................................................7
1.3 Aim of the research........................................................................................................10
1.4 Objectives of the research..............................................................................................10
1.5 Research Hypothesis......................................................................................................11
1.6 Research Questions........................................................................................................12
1.7 Gantt Chart.....................................................................................................................13
..............................................................................................................................................14
..............................................................................................................................................14
1.8 Structure of Report.........................................................................................................14
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................18
REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................33

ABSTRACT
Psychological stress introduces to the psychological and emotional reactions experienced
when a person confronts a condition in which the demands or need go beyond their coping
resources. On the other side, workplace-violence is a type of violence or threat against
employees. It can happen at or outside the working environment of an organisation. There were
different objectives and questions were addressed through literature review. It is significant part
of research in which researcher identify in-depth and accurate information about the topic.
Researcher has been collected accurate and reliable information about the study through different
methods such as research philosophy, data collection technique, data analysis technique, research
approach, research design, sampling method etc. All these are consider useful methods which
will help a researcher to gather accurate and reliable data about the topic. Data collection and
analysis technique were also used by researcher to accumulate valid and accurate data about the
impact of psychological stress and violence within working environment of an organisation.
Reflection has been done by researcher by defined their experience during collection of data
from the selected respondents. Conclusion and recommendation is a last chapter which were

help a researcher to analysed issues and ways to overcome that issues in systematic and effective
manner.
TITLE:
“psychological stress and violence in the working environment on firm's
profitability”. A Case Study on ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Case study
This project is based on the case study on ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited. ChopCut
Limited is a suppliers and manufacture of ChopCut wheels. All product of company is made
from advance technology and effective quality of raw material. These products are available in
different number of sizes and shapes in the market. In this organisation, some employees are face
psychological stress and workplace-violence which will highly influence on profitability of
company. It is a major problem in a working environment of ChopCut limited and highly impact
upon its performance at market place. On the other hand, ABC Limited is another company for
this dissertation which is an international bank in Bahrain. It was founded in 1980 by Saddek
Omar EI Kaber. In this bank different number of employees are work happily. Recently, they
face some issues related to psychological stress and workplace-violence. It is a biggest issue that
reduce motivation level among employees. It will also influence on profitability of bank which
further result is low market share and poor image in market. Therefore, in order to overcome this
type of issue, both organisation decide to conduct market research which will help them in
identifying effective ways about how to reduce this issue. For this, companies should uses
different types of motivation theory and techniques which will support them in overcoming
psychological stress and violence effectively.
1.1 Background of the research
psychological stress is a feeling of pressure and strain. Stress is a main type of
psychological pain. Less of stress may be beneficial, desired and even healthy for employees.
Beside this, positive stress assist an individual to enhance their athletic performance and
profitability. It also plays an effective factor in motivation, reaction and adaptation to the
environment. Apart from this, excessive and large amount of stress highly impact on employees
mindset. It can increase the risk of heart attacks, ulcers, strokes and mental illnesses like

depression (Bell, Berry and et. al., 2013). In addition, psychological stress is refer to the
psychological and emotional reactions experienced when an employee or person confronts a
condition in which demands or need go beyond their coping resources. There are some examples
of stressful situation such as marital issues, abuse, death of a loved one, financial crises and
health problem. psychological stress is identified as a biological response to individual which
may happen due to distinct unethical or negative environment. It also influence on profitability
and performance of organisation. In addition, stress in working environment can increase
potentially negative mental or physical tensions among employees.
Violence is referred as a behaviour which is intended to injury, hurt or kill people.
psychological stress and violence in the working environment are defined as two main factors
which highly impacts workers as well as company. In the workplace, such type of issue
introduces to a cluster of behaviour or actions which may be referred as harassment, bullying,
abuse, victimisation, intimidation, threats and many other violent behavioural descriptors (Burke,
2013). psychological stress and violence is characterised by non-verbal and negative verbal
behaviours that may manifest the work site as false accusations, criticism, screaming, negative
eye contact, unprofessional conduct, work overload, unrealistic expectations, excessive
monitoring etc. Along with this, workplace violence is any threat or act of physical violence,
intimidation, harassment and many other threatening disruptive behaviour of employees that
occurs at the work place. It ranges from verbal abuse and threats to physical assaults or
homicide. Therefore, it can influence and involve workers, customers and visitors. All these are
main stakeholders of any organisation that play vital role in improving profitability and
performance. In working environment, psychological stress and violence may be developed in
different ways such as improper communication, lack of motivation, unhealthier environment
and many other. All these factors are directly impact on productive and performance level of
company as well as also decrease reputation at marketplace and customer's mind. In other word,
violence in working environment also impacts satisfaction and trust of all workers working in
that enterprise which bring down power of profit earning. There are different number of causes
of workplace violences such as threatening behaviour, verbal or written threats, verbal abuse,
harassment, physical attacks, mobbing and bullying. Therefore, workplace violence is not limited
or controlled to incidents that occur in a traditional working environment (Büschi, 2014). It
create risk that may be greater at some times of the day, year or night. There are some main

examples of risk of violence in relation to company including pay days, during the holidays,
performance appraisal, tax return season, overdue utility bill cut-off dates, parent interviews or
report cards, early hours of the morning or late hours of the night etc.
A workplace, where supervisors and co-workers are supportive in workers' mental and
psychological health concerns and respond in appropriate manner as required. For few enterprise,
the most essential aspect of psychological help may be to assist against traumatic stressors at
work. Along with this, workers that feel they have greater job commitment, job attachment, job
involvement, job satisfaction, positive work moods, organizational citizenship behaviours, desire
to remain with the enterprise and job performance. All these are important and beneficial for
employees to overcome psychological stress and violence at workplace (D'Cruz, 2015). Apart
from this, employee behaviour and perception of a lack of psychological support from their
enterprise can lead to; increased absenteeism, withdrawal behaviour, loss of productivity,
increased costs, conflict, turnover, greater risk of accidents, injuries and incidents, and strain
which can lead to headaches, fatigue, anxiety and burnout. There are different causes of work-
related physiological stress such as heavy workload, long hours, changes with the organisation,
job insecurity, tight deadlines, lack of autonomy, over-supervision, Inadequate working
environment, Harassment, Discrimination, Few promotional opportunities, Poor relationships
with colleagues or bosses, insufficient skills for the job, Boring work etc. All these are identified
as a main causes of work related stress and influence on both employees as well as organisation
also in negative manner.
ChopCut Limited is a selected organisation for dissertation or thesis. It is a medium size
enterprise which operates in UK. Company mainly specialise in manufacturing and supply of
better quality products of Chop cut wheels. Products of company are made from high and
effective quality of advance technology and raw materials (Houmanfar and et. al., 2015). Such
type of products are available in different sizes and shapes in the market. All these are made
from high and good quality raw material. In the organisation, various number of employees are
work with the aim of increasing profitability and performance level of ChopCut Limited. In the
working environment of company, different number of issues are arise among employees such as
psychological stress and violence. These are main problem which highly and negatively
influence on business performance and profitability.

Thus, psychological stress and violence is impact on profitability and performance of
company negatively. It also impact on employees moral and motivation level. Unmotivated
workers are able to work in proper and accurate manner which will further influence of
productivity and profitability of organisation in direct manner. In order to find out influence of
psychological stress and violence on company profitability, ChopCut Limited conduct a research
which is more essential and significant for company (Krasikova, Green and LeBreton, 2013).
With the help of investigation, company or researcher can easily identify impact of psychological
stress and violence. It also assist in evaluating ways about how to overcome such type of issues
systematically and successfully. In order to handle such type of issue, company require to take
different steps like, proper motivation, accurate communication, options of work and many other.
All these are highly essential and important for the company to reduce such issue and retain
employees for long time. Thus, it will also beneficial for the organisation to enhance their
productivity and increase market share within predetermined period of time.
psychological stress and violence are also influence upon employees productivity. One
of the main effect and impact of work-induced stress on company is reduced productivity as well
as profitability (Krieger, 2016). It can also result when a workforce is experiencing negative or
unfavourable work-induced stress or tension. Workers under psychological stress are inclined to
passage energy into constants improvement initiatives and creative issue solving pursuits.
Therefore, less productive employee is not beneficial and effective for the growth and
development of company within given time duration. In order to overcome and reduce such type
of problem, company should provide accurate attention to the workers and develop an amiable
environment or surrounding that may need them to be productive and responsible. Along with
this, management or administration must organise an evaluation of the business climate by
assessing main reasons the workers think the company does not care regarding its employees.
Therefore, above discussed all issues such as psychological stress and violence is not
good for ChopCut Limited and its performance. In order to evaluate and analyze impact of
workplace-violence and psychological stress, company conduct a research which will help in
analysing accurate response of employees towards such issues. Thus it is effective and beneficial
for organisation to collect accurate data about the topic and gain better results for future
outcomes. With the help of research, company can easily analyze influence of psychological
stress and violences on employees productivity and performance in workplace (Mastracci, Guy

and Newman, 2014). Apart from this, in order to reduce and overcome such kind of issues,
company should implement different types of motivational theory and techniques. This theory
help an employees to work with more effective and efficient way and not create violence and
stress at workplace. After this, it will help an organisation to retain employees for long time and
accomplish better results for future development. Motivated employees are beneficial for
company because they work with full dedication and which will further helpful for ChopCut
Limited to increase profitability and market share.
1.2 Rationale for the proposed research
This can be identified as the most essential part of research study which supports in
analysing basic requirement of organising any investigation. The research activity work into
consideration and help researcher to accomplish better results for future study. The present
dissertation is based on to identify impact of physiological stress and workplace-violence on
profitability of ChopCut Limited. The entire research activity is based on problems that has
influence on company as well as employees also. This is an important section of study which
assist in finding the valuable and better outcomes via implementing each and every activity of
research appropriately (Netterstrøm, 2012). It is the main responsibility and duty of researcher to
measure the reason behind present searches or topic which is related with different number of
factors that creates issues within an organisation. In order to identify main reason behind
preparing this thesis, there are some important questions which are given as under:
What is the research issue?
Present issue or problem that is identified in the research project is to explore influence of
workplace-violence and psychological stress on profitability of company. Both physiological
stress and workplace-violence are two foremost aspects which highly impacts on sales of
organisation as well as workers. In order to understand about these research topic, researcher can
become benefited by different ways (Offer, 2012). Main purpose of this project is to benefit the
learner and researcher for the study. Investigator can gain different advantages from the research
topic. Physiological stress introduce as an organisational stressor which influence on employee's
productivity and moral negatively. For this, researcher can determine different causes and reason
which brings such types of issues to workers. It is essential to find out reason of a specific issue
before pinning any type of solution for it. Along with this, investigator can find out causes of the
issues of violence in working environment and can develop its better and effective solutions.

Learners or researcher which are going to work this dissertation can understand the influence of
such problems on profitability of business and can even set up accurate solutions for these issues.
psychological stress and workplace-violence are main issue because it reduce employee's moral
and motivation. This issue also decrease rate of employees turnover which is negatively impact
of sales and profitability of organisation directly.
The aspect or view of physiological stress and violence can support a researcher to give
better solutions for stressors and pressure within working environment. From this dissertation,
learners of various enterprise can gain accurate data regarding how to overcome stress so that
ChopCut Limited can bring efficiency and effectiveness in their business activities and
operations (Perrucci, 2017). Researcher will ascertain key problem which are up from stressors
and will give an effective way to find out better solutions. Another rational behind selecting this
topic is to find out importance of motivational theories and techniques for overcoming issues of
physiological stress and workplace-violence.
Why it is an issue?
Physiological stress and violence is an effective issues because it reduce employees
productivity and sales of the company. Such type of problems also influence of reputation and
performance of organisation in customer's mind and in market. There are different number of
ways that defined Physiological stress and violence is an issue for an organisation, some are
determined as under:
Moral and motivation: Physiological stress have a direct influence on motivation and
morale of workers, both in term of workers who are troubling with stress or workplace-violence
and the employees at entire states in the enterprise who have to yield their duties (Ram, 2018).
Thus, lack of motivation and moral among employees reduce profitability of company directly.
Productivity and efficiency: Physiological stress is highly impact on efficiency and
productivity of employees directly. Therefore, staff turnover, mow motivation and moral will
have a negative and unfavourable influence on overall organisation and business efficiency and
profitability.
Communication and relationship: Highly stressed employees influence on relationship
and communication in the ChopCut Limited. Employees who are stressed can be withdrawn,
irritable and angry. Thus , less of moral and motivation and high employee's turnover effect on
productivity of workers. (Richards and Freeman, 2012). As it can effect team dynamics,

communication outside and inside the organisation and both external and internal relationship
negatively.
Staff turnover, recruitment and training: As a result of the employee's turnover may
maximise and experienced workers may leave the company. The company will then have to hire
new workers with the given costs and time of the recruitment and training.
Customer services: It is more difficult to keep level of customer services with employees
absences, high employees turnover, motivation and moral problem and low inefficiencies and
productivity. psychological stress and violence can therefore output in customer services
problem, with clients complaints and likely loss of customers.
Absenteeism, presenteesim and ill health: Workforce who are physically stressed may
be not present from work or activity due to stress. As they may come to perform but not be
capable to do their responsibilities in proper manner. Such type of issue create different other
problems related to the health such as mental health, long term chronic, potential addictions and
many other conditions (Root and Brown, 2014). All these factor will highly influence the
ChopCut Limited due to lack of resources, poor experience and knowledge and the influence of
this on other workers. As a result of physiological stress, health and safety incidents are also
considered as main issues and further reduce sales of company.
Therefore, above mentioned all issues described, workplace-violence and physiological
stress are biggest issues and impact on profitability and market share of company. This issues
also influence on employees by reducing moral and motivation, increasing high turnover of
workers and many other.
What could this research shed light on?
The current study is emphasised on ascertaining different factors or ways which are
negatively influence on employees and organisation. It is needed for organisation and employees
to resolve such kind of problem via establishing a friendly and effective working environment in
which staff members of organisation feel more comfortable and stress free. Physiological stress
and workplace-violence are main problem which is faced by employees due to lack of motivation
and moral. In this type of problem employees feel demotivated and over stressed in nature. Thus,
it is essential and significant for the researcher to should follow different ways to overcome
stress on employees and increase profitability.

Workplace-violence is identified as an another variable in this dissertation which
supports in analysing key aspects of such problem like physical abuse, mental harassment etc.
These aspects can support in making accurate solutions for problems which is related with
workplace-violence (Schnall and et. al., 2018). Main researcher of this study are known as
company which are facing same kind of issues of low profitability or sales due to violence within
working environment. With the help of this research, they can find out better and accurate
solutions for their problems and can even create good understanding regarding employee's
satisfaction and its significance. This thesis will finally benefit company and their workers. Each
research topic has dependent and independent variable which will highly impact on organisation
and their workforce by reducing profitability and productivity.
1.3 Aim of the research
Entire activity of dissertation is mainly depend on research aim. As it is consider as an
effective and foremost part of study which help an investigator to analysis research outcomes.
Aim is introduce as a predetermined statement in which issue which is related with the research
is included in the way of concise or clear statement. This part of investigation support the
investigator in helping the entire study in accurate direction or guidance to reach at potential
outcomes (Shuman, 2013). In addition, it can be described as the most significant section of
dissertation because the each activity is based on aim of study. As it supports in executing work
in accurate direction and guidance in order to complete thesis or research project. Main aim of
this research proposal is “To analyse and interpret impact of psychological stress and
workplace violence on profitability of SMEs”
1.4 Objectives of the research
Research aim, objectives and questions are considered as important part for research
which help an investigator to identify impact and issues of study on both individual as well as
organisation. Research objective is important and significant for the researcher to identify issues
originate in the study. These are usually or commonly expressed in lay forms and are lead as
much to the employees as to the investigator. This part of research may be linked or related with
a hypotheses as well as followed as a statement of research purpose that does not have
hypothesise. In addition, research objective is a concise, clear and declarative statement which
gives accurate direction to researcher the variables under the field of study. This may be focus on
different ways to measures variables. The research objectives help investigator by summarizing

what is to be accomplished by the study. It is more important and significant part of research
because with the use of this researcher is able to investigate issue and its solutions. Along with
this, in order to get right and accurate solutions a clearly defined research objectives are more
significant (Sinclair and Cheung, 2016). This will support an investigator to focus on study and
achieve better results. The formulation of objectives which is related with the research supports
in narrowing down the activities of study to its important. Further, it will avoid unnecessary and
in accurate findings, which differently lead to wastage of resources. Research objective is based
on two types of variables such as dependent and independent. Both variables are important in
completing each activity of research within given time period. According to the research topic,
profitability of company is considered as an dependent variable because it is mainly dependent of
employees productivity. In this physiological stress and workplace-violence reduce productive
and performance of workers. Thus, it order to improve moral and motivation of workers help
them in overcoming physiological stress and violence within working environment. The
objective of this research is to evaluate the impact of workplace-violence and psychological
stress on sales of ChopCut Limited. The objective will be based on how to overcome issues and
increase sales or profitability.
 To understand the concept of workplace stress and violence.
 To identify the impact of workplace stress and violence in ChopCut Limited .
 To evaluate different factors which contributes towards employee stress and violence.
 To examine the impacts of workplace stress and violence on the profitability of the
organisation.
 To evaluate the influence of workplace-violence and psychological stress on employee's
productivity of an organisation.
 To identify the role of government in overcoming workplace-violence.
 To ascertain the ways to overcome from workplace-violence and psychological stress by
use of motivational theory.
 To understand the positive impact of motivational theories upon behaviours of
employees.
1.5 Research Hypothesis
A research hypothesis is a testable, clear and specific proposition and predictive
statement about the possible results of a field of study. In addition, it is a tentative statement

regarding the relationship between two or more variables of research. Each and every research
topic has two variable, one is dependent and second one is independent (Sommerlad, 2016).
Impact of psychological stress and workplace violence on profitability is a research topic and in
this profitability of an organisation is commonly depend. Therefore, research hypothesis help an
investigator to test the impact of such issue on business as well as employees productivity. The
study would seek to analysis theoretical support or effect for research hypothesis, which states
that ChopCut Limited face a issue about physiological stress and workplace-violence. In order to
solving such problem company should implement different types of motivational theory which
will help in increasing motivation and moral among employees. Therefore, it is more significant
for an organisation to motivate their employees and to maximise market share and sales. For
example: positive impact of psychological stress and workplace-violence is H0 and no impact of
psychological stress and workplace-violence is Ha. Therefore, both hypotheses help researcher to
test issue and attain better results for this. There are some important and valuable research
questions are determined which help an investigator to achieve objectives and overcome issues
systematically. Significant questions are:
1.6 Research Questions
This is effective and main section of research which is important for the researcher to
answer all questions in more specific manner. It is a fundamental and essential core of study
research or literature review. It emphasis the research project, ascertain the methodology and
guides entire levels of analysis, reporting afedbacknd inquiry (Townsend, McDonald and
Cathcart, 2017). It is an answerable query into a particular issue or concern. Main aim of
research question is to guides and centres field of study in more systematic and accurate manner.
In addition, it is the methodological point or part of departure of research in natural. It is more
essential and important part of research which will help an investigator to address all objectives
of study systematically and successfully (Winston and Winegar, 2014). Thus, it is also valuable
for the business to evaluate influence of workplace stress and violence on sales and profitability
ratio of company. In this part of research, issues are discussed in more detail manner and in
which role of government and company. Apart from this, such type of issues is also effect on
employees performance and productivities, in order to measure and overcome this impact on
workers different number of motivational theory and techniques are also used. Thus. All these
are address and explain with the help of research questions.

 What are the concept of workplace stress and violence?
 What are the impact of workplace stress and violence in ChopCut Limited ?
 What are the main factors which contributes towards employee stress and violence?
 What are the impacts of workplace stress and violence on the profitability of the
organisation?
 What are the influence of workplace-violence and psychological stress on employee's
productivity of an organisation.
 What are the major role of government in overcoming workplace-violence.
 What are the ways to overcome from workplace-violence and psychological stress by use
of motivational theory?
 What are the positive impact of motivational theories upon behaviours of employees?
1.7 Gantt Chart
Gantt Chart is identified as a horizontal bar chart that help a researcher to identify starting
and ending time for completion of research activities. In addition, it is a useful graphical tool
which displays tasks or activities performed against time period. It is more essential and useful
technique for researcher to ascertain accurate and proper time period for completion of each
activities or sub parts of research in more effective manner.

1.8 Structure of Report
This part of report is most essential and important for the researcher because it help them
in identifying framework of entire dissertation. It is also significant for investigator to easily
complete research activities within given time period. The structure of report is divided into
different parts which will be helpful for a researcher to ascertain issues in research. (Cheung and
Yip, 2017). It will also support in identifying effective results for future research. psychological
stress and violence are identified as a biggest issue in working environment of ChopCut Limited.
It is a major problem in an organisation and highly influence on its profitability and performance.

This is also effect on goodwill and image of company in marketplace. Report structure is helpful
for investigator to conduct research in more significant and effective manner. Therefore structure
of report is determined as under:
Chapter 1: Introduction: This is referred as a first and important chapter for thesis
because in this section aim, objectives, questions, rational, hypotheses, purpose and importance
of research or topic is covered. Thus, all these are consider as an important and useful elements
of dissertation for investigator to complete this in well-planed and effective way. With the help
of this chapter, a researcher can easily find out overview or summary of entire work. In this
chapter, researcher can analyze the background of study and main reason about choosing this
research or topic. These are identifying important and main aspects for doing research activities
in more effective and proper manner. (Baldwin, Fehrenbacher and Eisenman, 2015). With the
assist of this chapter, investigator can systematically perform each activities of research and it
will also help them in accomplishing better and effective outcomes for future study. According
to the topic, role of a researcher is to investigate the influence of psychological stress and
violence on firm profitability. It is a major issue which arise in working environment of ChopCut
Limited. Therefore, this chapter is more essential for researcher to ascertain issues and identify
different ways about how to overcome this in more effective manner. In order to complete each
activities of research, firstly introduction chapter is important for researcher to finish this and
gain effective outputs for future study.
Chapter 2: Literature Review: This is a second chapter of thesis which will help an
investigator to complete research activities in effective and accurate manner. Literature review is
considered as a survey of publications including books, authoritative websites, journals,
sometimes conference papers etc. All these sources are helpful and valuable for researcher to
collect in-depth information about the topic. It is a detail summary of previous study on research
topic. In addition, review should describe, enumerate, summarize, clarify and objectively
evaluate this previous research. It should provide a theoretical base for the study and assist
investigator to ascertain nature of study (Nielsen and et. al., 2015). Therefore, it is an explicit,
reproducible and systematic method for evaluating, synthesizing and identifying the existing
body of recorded and completed work produced by scholars, researchers and practitioners. There
are different elements in a literature review such as it explore existing information, locate major
formative works, ascertain key researchers working on this topic, show relationship between

previous studies, identify gaps in past research, notice main methodologies & research
techniques, find out main ideas, theories and conclusion establish similarities and differences etc.
All these are main and effective elements and also support a researcher to analysis gaps and
conflict in previous study. The purpose of literature review is to provide theoretical framework,
deep understanding of the requirements on intended audience, background for all aspects of topic
etc. Thus, it is important and significant chapter for researcher to easily perform each activities
of study within given time duration (Cheung and Yip, 2015). Along with this, it also help a
researcher to do further research in more effective and accurate manner. In this part, all research
questions are discussed in proper and well planed manner. It is also an essential chapter for
investigator to gain better results in given time duration.
Chapter 3: Research Methodology: This chapter clearly describes the research methods
applied to conduct the study (Park, Choand Hong, 2015). The investigator explains how the
useful information and data to address the study questions and objectives was gathered,
presented and analysed. It is an important chapter for conducting research activities in systematic
and effective manner. In this part, different number of research methods include such as research
design, data sources, research instruments, data presentation techniques, data collection
techniques, analytical techniques, research philosophy, research approach etc. All these are
highly essential and important for researcher to accumulate accurate amount of information
about the impact of psychological stress and violence in the working environment on
profitability of ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited. Thus, all these methods are effective and
useful for investigator to gather appropriate information or data about the effects of workplace-
violence and psychological stress. Thus, research methodology is valuable for investigator to
collect reliable and valid data about the study.
Chapter 4: Data analysis and interpretation: Data analysis introduces as an effective
process of evaluating information following logical and analytical reasoning to analyze each
element of the data given. In simple word, it is an essential process of inspecting, transforming,
cleansing and modeling data or information with the purpose of discovering valuable
information, supporting decision making and informing conclusions (Sansbury, Graves and
Scott, 2015). It has different approaches and facets which help an investigator to analyze
accurate information about the study. In order to analyze data, there are mainly two types of
methods including primary and secondary. Under primary, questionnaire will assist an

investigator to analysis relevant data whereas, in case of secondary research, literature review,
books, journals and many other relevant article used by researcher to gather proper information
or data about the study. In questionnaire, different number of questionnaire will be prepare by
researcher for identifying response from respondents about the impact of workplace-violence
and psychological stress. Along with this, interpretation will be done with the help of each
questions mentioned in questionnaire. Thus, it will be more effective and useful for investigator
to analyze response of respondents.
Chapter 5: Research outcomes: It is another important and essential chapter which will
help an investigator to collect appropriate outcomes from field of study. Outcomes or results of
research is mainly based on primary and secondary data. Under primary data, questionnaire will
provide effective outcomes. In case of secondary data, outcomes of research is mainly based on
literature review information (Park, Cho and Hong, 2015). Thus, both, primary and secondary
data sources are important for researcher to gain appropriate and effective outcomes within
predetermined time duration. Along with this, research outcomes mainly related with the effect
of workplace-violence and psychological stress in working environment of ChopCut Limited &
ABC Limited. It is a major issue that highly impact on profitability and performance of an
organisation.
Chapter 6: Reflection and recommendation for future alternative research
methodology: It is another essential and effective chapter and in which an individual describe
their opinion about the topic or research. In order to define personal experience during field of
study, Gibbs reflective cycle model is followed (Sansbury, Graves and Scott, 2015). As it help a
person to describe their overall experience, issues etc. For identifying issues, some relevant
recommendation are provided about how to overcome such issues easily. It will also help a
researcher to do research activities or tasks in systematic and more effective effective manner.
For this research, interview is consider best alternative research method which will also help an
investigator to collect accurate data or information about the study. Thus, it is important for
researcher to complete each activities of research within given time duration.
Chapter 7: Conclusion: It is a last chapter which describe entire summary or detail of
dissertation. It is a last chapter which includes detail of each chapter and help an investigator to
find out results of research (Spence Laschinger and Nosko, 2015.). Thus, it is essential and
important for investigator to accomplish better outcomes within given time duration. Along with

this, this part of research will support an investigator to do further study and gain better
outcomes for study. In addition, conclusion introduces as a summary of entire project which
assist a researcher to accumulate proper response from the respondents. It is a summary of
introduction, literature review, research methodology, data analysis and interpretation, reflection
and recommendation. Therefore, conclusion chapter is essential and important for investigator to
do each activities of research in more effective and information manner.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
A literature review refers as a comprehensive summary of previous study on a topic. It is
a systematic, reproducible, explicit and effective method for evaluating, synthesizing and
identifying the existing body of recorded as well as completed work produced by practitioners,
scholars and investigators (Bernaldo-De-Quirós and et. al., 2015). In addition, a literature review
may consists of only a summary of key sources. In addition, it is a recap of the essential data of
source and help an investigator to accumulate in-depth and reliable information about the topic.
Main goal of literature review is to identify what is already known regarding an area of research.
Thus, this section of research discusses and investigate published data in a specific subject area.
Literature review have different purpose including, foundation of knowledge on topic,
identifying areas of prior scholarship to prevent duplication and provide credit to other
investigators. This section also help an investigator to identify inconstancies, including, conflict
in previous studies and gaps in research. It will also effective for researcher to analysis
requirement for addition; study. Thus, literature review is essential for analysing relationship of
work in relation of its contribution to the specific research topic. This part of research is also
essential and important for researcher to address all research objectives and questions in well-
planed manner (Garbarino and Magnavita, 2015). Along with this, in order to collect accurate
and in-depth information about the impact of psychological stress and workplace-violence in
working environment of an organisation. It is will also effects on profitability and performance
of an enterprise in negative manner. There are different types of literature review which are
determined as under:
Argumentative Review: It is a type of literature review which will help in addressing all
issues identified in previous study. The motive here is to create a literature review body that
establishes a contrarian opinion.

Integrative Review: It is another form of literature review that critiques and represent
literature on research topic in an integrated manner such that innovative perspectives and
frameworks on the research are collected. It includes entire studies that address identical or
related hypotheses or research issues.
Methodological review: It is also considered as an essential and important part of
literature review which will help an investigator to analyze different research methods. This
review is mainly related with research approach, research design, quantitative and qualitative
integration, interviewing, sampling, data collection and data analysis (Khamisa and et. al, 2015).
All these are highly essential and effective for researcher to collect appropriate data about the
impact of workplace-violence and psychological stress on profitability and success of ChopCut
Limited & ABC Limited.
Systematic Review: It is another important form of literature review which consists entire
detail of existing evidence. Main purpose of this form of review is to analyze information in
systematic and accurate manner. Therefore, with the help of systematic review, researcher can
easily identify in-depth and proper information about the study.
Theoretical review: The purpose of this type is to analysis the corpus of theory or
hypothesis that has collected in respect to a concept, theory, phenomena and issue. This review
supports to found what type of theory already exist (Berry and et. al., 2016).
Apart from this, there are different purpose of literature review which will help an
investigator to do each activities of research in more specific and effective manner. Some
important purpose of literature review are determined as under:
 Main purpose of literature review is to provide accurate and real information about the
topic.
 It help an investigator in rationalizing the significance of problem.
 Literature review assist in identification of relationship between ideas and practices.
 Another purpose of literature review is to support a researcher by giving accurate
understanding about the structure of subject.
 Literature review also support an investigator in identifying the main methodologies and
techniques of research that have been applied.
 It is essential and significant for investigator to address all research objectives and
questions in more effective and systematic manner.

 Literature review is a beneficial section of researcher because with the help of this, they
can easily analysis effects of psychological stress and workplace-violence on profitability
and performance of an organisation (Allen, Holland and Reynolds, 2015).
 One of the main and foremost purpose of literature review is identify review is to
examine the conflict and gap in previous research.
 Literature review help a researcher to fulfil all objectives and questions in proper and
systematic manner.
Thus, literature review is essential chapter for investigator to gather in-depth and reliable
data about the effects of physiological stress and workplace-violence on profitability of an
enterprise (Meyer and et. al., 2015). Therefore, above mentioned all objectives are clearly define
as under:
The concept of workplace stress and Physiological violence.
Concept of workplace Stress:
According to the Adele Burney, 2019, Stress can cause such physical ailments as anxiety,
headaches and depression. Different times stress is mainly related with the work, due to tight
deadlines, maximum hours and concern regarding the economy. In addition, workplace stress
harmfully impact on emotional and physical responses of employees. Job or workplace stress can
lead to bad health and even injury. Workplace stress is a major issue that highly effects on
performance and productivity of an organisation as well as its employees. It will also impact on
profitability of company by decreasing number of employees in the organisation and also
reducing motivation level among workers. In addition, work stress is recognised as a main
challenge to employees' health and the organisation's effectiveness in world wide. Employees
who are stressed or pressurised are also more likely to be not healthy, less productive, poorly
motivated and less safe at workplace. Thus, stress can be brought regarding by pressures at work
and home also. Managers cannot normally protect employees from stress rise outside of
workplace, but they can not assist them from stress that develop through work. Stress during the
work can be a main issue to the enterprise as well as for its employees.
According to the Mary Gormandy White, 2018, Work stress is defined as a type of stress
that is created due to conflicting needs and demands in individual's job. Work related stress is
more harmful in that a workers has physical and emotional reactions to job needs that are

difficult to control. There are different sources of work related stress in which some are
determine as under:
Environmental stress: Some stress that employee experience in working environment of
an organisation is mainly linked to the physical surrounding in which they work. This form of
stress can be related with workplace safety problems, the configuration of individual's work area,
type of furniture and many other equipments that must be applied in order to do job functions,
activities and other variables.
Uncertainty: It is also related with the workplace stress which is faced by employees and
also impact on its physical and mental health. Along with this, this problem can be tied to
anxiety of job loss, lack of feedback on individual's performance, hoping for acknowledgement
or promotion, or many other issues. One of the major issue of these on business is highly
employees turnover which will impact on business performance and profitability of an
organisation.
People issues: A better deal of job stress is mainly linked to people issues, such as peer
pressure, coping with difficult collaborator, dealing with a uncommunicative or negative
supervisor, and more. Thus, it is a biggest work related issue which negatively impact on
productivity and performance of employees.
Performance pressure: Feeling pressure to make a few quantity or quality of work or
task can be a workplace stressor. It can be tied to production or sales quotas, impending
deadlines, manufacturing standards and many other factors.
According to the Laurie Erdman, 2015, Workplace stress is referred as a main subject
that impact on individual's performance and productivity in direct and negative manner. There
are two types of stress effects such as short term and long term. In case of short term, it impact
on employee's health, including headaches, anxiety, shallow breathing, upset stomach and
difficulty sleeping. On the other side, workplace stress also impact on employee's in long time
such as, it increase the risk for back pain, depression, heart disease, lasting muscle aches and
pains and many other issues. All these are major issues that impact on employee's performance
and productivity in negative manner. Stress also can impact on employee's mind by impairing
imagination and concentration. It also increase chances when an employee will make mistakes
because they not thinking clearly. Along with this, constant stress can affect on worker's

behaviour and emotion by making them impatient, grouchy, less excited regarding their work
and even depressed.
There are different causes of work related stress such as long hours, job insecurity, heavy
workload and conflicts with bosses or co-workers. Apart from this, symptoms of work related
stress are like drop in work performance, anxiety, depression, sleeping difficulties changes
within the organisation, changes to duties, lack of autonomy, boring work, insufficient skills for
the job, inadequate working environment, few promotional opportunities and crisis incidents,
such as an armed hold-up or workplace death. Thus, it is necessary for workers to recognise
theior job related stress as an essential safety and health issue. In the organisation, there are
different issues which have been known as potential stressors at working environment of
company. Organisation culture, job content and demands, bad management practices, physical
work environment, lack of support, change management, role conflict and trauma are consider
main work-related stressors.
According to the Lauretta Claussen, 2011, work-related stress is a growing big issue
around the globe that impacts not only the well-being and health of workers, but also the
profitability and productivity of company. Stress related to the work arises where work needs
and demands of different kinds and combinations exceed the individual's capability and capacity
to cope. There are different number of factors such as management style, work hours and
interpersonal relationship can impact an employee's stress levels at work. Dangerous stress's
level often show physical warning signs, such as heartburn, tension, headaches, fatigue and
occurrence in body weight.
Concept of Physiological violence.
According to the Chevette Alston, 2017, workplace violence identifies as a major
occupational health problem which workers of an organisation faces violence in workplace. This
type of violence mainly includes physical abuse as well as mental abuse of threatening.
Psychological abuse can be explained as the proper and systematic usage of malicious
manipulation via non-physical acts in opposition to intimate partner or dependent adult.
Psychological abuse can happen prior to sexual, physical or many other abuses. Violence against
female can cause long term mental and physical health issues. Abuse and violence affect not just
the female involved but also their families, children and communities. These impacts cover harm

to a person health, possibly long term injury to children, and harm to societies such as
homelessness and lost work.
There are different types of violence such as physical violence, sexual violence,
emotional violence, psychological violence, spiritual violence and cultural violence. Physical
violence happens when someone uses a part of their body and an object to to control an
individual's actions. Sexual violence happens when an individual is forced to unwillingly take
their part in sexual activity. Emotional violence mainly occurs when someone says and does
something to make an individual feel worthless or stupid. Spiritual violence go on when
someone uses a person's spiritual beliefs to manipulate, monitor and dominate that person.
Cultural violence happens when a person is harmed as an output of practices that are part of his
or her religion, culture or traditions. Psychological violence occurs or happens when someone
uses causes and threats fear in a person to gain control. All these are main type of violence that
negatively impact on employee's health and mind. Along with this, there are different examples
of psychological violence or abuse such as isolation from others, threats, verbal aggression,
control, intimidation, harassment or stalking, humiliation, insults and defamation.
Psychological violence includes different effects such as: threatening to harm an
individual or his or her family is he or she leaves, threatening to harm oneself, threats of
abandonment, Stalking/criminal harassment, Destruction of personal property, Verbal
aggression, Socially isolating the person, Not allowing access to a telephone, Not allowing a
competent person to make decisions, Inappropriately controlling the person’s activities, Treating
a person like a child or a servant, Withholding companionship or affection etc.
According to Andrea Borghini, 2019, psychological violence may de determined as that
kind of violence which covers psychological harm on the part of agent who is being violated. It
is compatible with verbal violence or physical violence. The harm done to an individual that has
been the someone of a sexual attack is not only the harm deriving from the physical damage to
his or her body. Brain washing is also fall under the psychological violence as it manipulate the
person's emotion. This type of violence affect the working environment of the business
organisation and create unhealthy working situation which affect the performance of entire
enterprise. In return employees or staff get demotivated which directly affect their activities and
ratio of employee turnover will also increase.

According to the Natasha Tracy, 2019, psychological abuse or violence is common and
yet some know the psychological violence. Without the visible mark of physical abuse, such type
of violence can stay hidden for time period. It can effect on employee's inner feeling and
thoughts as well as exert control over their life. Workers may feel uncertain and unsafe of the
globe around and their own home. Therefore, it can destroy intimate friendship, relationship and
even their own relationship with themself. There are different symptoms and signs of
psychological violence, including, name calling, yelling, insulting the person, imitating or
mocking the person, ignoring, isolating the person, swearing at them, excluding them from
meaningful activities or events, threatening the individual or threatening to take away something
that is essential to them. psychological abuse is also known as emotional abuse. It is a kind of
physical abuse which can directly affect the person's life , their inner thoughts and feelings. It
create such a situation for people that they start feeling very uncertain about their life as well as
they does not feel safe in their own house. It is very much dangerous as it destroys the
relationships with others, sometime it is also found out in children which affect them very badly
by stopping them from being a healthy adult. Some of the reasons behind this nature of people
are anxiety, chronic depression , post traumatic and stress disorder. It is sometime also related
with the imbalance power in a relationship which include bullying other people, gaslighting and
abusing at the workplace. Psychological violence does not only affect person's mental health but
it also take them away from future opportunities and developments. Some of the more examples
related to the issues are giving threat to other people, showing verbal aggression, showing
control over others, harassing others, stalking people and humiliating someone without any
reason. These violence is further divided into different abuses like verbal attack or threat, putting
down, making isolated, being jealous, restricting person's freedom etc. some of the abusive
behaviour which affect the victim internally and emotionally are blaming them, shaming and
name calling. Therefore psychological stress and work related violence highly impact on
individual as well as an organisation also by decreasing their performance and productivity. It
will effects on market share and profitability of organisation in address manner.
The impact of workplace stress and violence in ChopCut Limited and ABC Limited.
According to the Perrucci, (2017),work-related stress is the people's stress that may have
when presented with work pressures and demands that are not related to their abilities and
knowledge and which challenge their capability to cope. Stress happens in a broad range of

work or activity condition but is frequently made bad when workers feel, they have few support
from colleagues and supervisors, as well as some control over work processes. Thus, there is
much confusion between challenge or pressure and stress and few times it is applied to excuse
poor management practices. Along with this, pressure at the workplace of ChopCut Limited &
ABC Limited is unavoidable or inescapable due to the demands and need of contemporary work
atmospheres. Pressure or force perceived as acceptable by a person, may even keep employees
alert, encouraged, capable to do work and learn, relaying on the existing resources as well as
personal characteristics also. Stress can damage or harm a workers' health and performance of
profitability of an organisation.
According to the Root and Brown, (2014), Work-related stress of pressure reasoned by
poor work enterprise. There are different reasons of work-related stress within a working
environment of an organisation. Some are: poor work design, poor management, lack of control
over work processes, unsatisfactory working circumstances, lack of support from supervisors and
colleagues. Apart from this, there are different stress-related hazards at work which are classified
into work context and work content.
Work context: There are different aspects related to the work context which increase
pressure among all employees. In which some are: career development, status and pay i.e. lack of
promotion opportunities, job insecurity, work of low social value, under or over promotion,
unfair or unclear performance evaluation systems, piece rate payment schemes etc. Along with
this, role of organisation, interpersonal relationship, work-life balance, poor leadership, poor
management also consider as a major issues of increasing work pressure.
Work contents: There are different ways related to work content that increase pressure or
stress among employees. It includes; job content i.e. under-stimulation, monotony, lack of
variety, meaningless of tasks etc. Working hours is also a main part of maximising stress among
employees i.e. long and unsocial, strict or inflexibility, badly designed shift systems,
unpredictable. Along with this, participation and control also consider as major part of increasing
violence and stress within a working environment of ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited.
According to the Stavroula Leka, Pr Amanda Griffiths, Pr Tom Cox, (2016), Work stress
is thought to negatively impact individual's physical and psychological health, as well as
effectiveness of an organisation. Stress is highly affects different people in various manner.
Experience of work-related stress can originate dysfunctional and unusual behaviour at

workplace and contribute to bad mental and physical health. In extreme cases, traumatic events
or long term stress at work may track to psychological issues and be conductive to psychiatric
issues resulting in lack from work and avoiding the employee from being capable to work again.
Under stress, employees does not find it easy to maintain a effective or healthy balance betwixt
work and non-work life. Due to this, they may engross in unhealthy program or activities like
drinking, smoking and abusing drugs. Work-related stress may also impact the immune scheme,
impairing employee's capability to fight infections. Impact of work stress on employees are
given as follows: unable to relax or concentrate, increasingly distressed and irritable, difficulty in
thinking logically and making decisions, feel tired, depressed, anxious, difficulty in sleeping,
enjoy their work less and feel less committed to it, experience serious physical issues such as:
heart disease, increase in blood pressure, headaches, disorder of the digestive system, musculo-
skeletal disorder.
According to the Ram, (2018), Work-related stress is also impact on performance and
profitability of ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited. If key staff as well as large number of
employees are impacted, stress in work may challenge the performance and healthiness of
enterprise. Unhealthy enterprise do not acquire the best from their employees and this may
impact not only their productivity in the progressively competitive market but finally even their
survival. There are different impact of work related stress on performance and profitability of
ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited. In includes, increasing absenteeism, decreasing commitment
to work, impairing performance and productivity, increasing staff turn over, adversely affecting
staff recruitment, enhancing liability to legal claims or actions by stressed employees, damaging
the enterprise's image both among its employees and externally. Thus, work-related stress is
negatively or adversely impact on business performance and profitability. Stressed workers are
not able to do all activities or tasks within given time and systematic manner. They are not able
to complete work in proper and systematic manner which lead a negative impact on reputation
and market share of company. ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited, both organisation have
different employees and require proper motivation and satisfaction through different number of
ways which should be provided by company to them.
According to the, Lowers & Associates, 2016, violence in the workplace undeniably
impacts the employees who are directly attacked. Along with this, impact of workplace violence
also extends far beyond these straightforward victim to clients, co-workers, shareholders,

executives, and even out of the society. There are straightforward losses impacted in diminished
productivity, negative publicity and low moral. All of these are highly impact on reputation and
brand equity of ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited for long duration. There are different victims
related to the workplace violence including, family members, co-workers, community, company
executive, shareholders etc. All these are consider one of the main victim that create violence
within working environment of an organisation. There are mainly three stages of workplace
violence which is early warning signs, escalation, further escalation, requiring emergency
response. Under early warning signs stage, verbal abuse, lack of cooperation, disrespect and
intimidation are known as main factor that highly impact on employees as well as profitability of
an enterprise also in negative manner. Under escalation stage, argues with customers, refuses to
obey policies, sabotages equipment, steals property, seeks revenge, verbalizes intent to harm,
distributes threats by note or email, sees self as victim are consider main aspects for increasing
violence within working environment of an those organisation. Under last stage which is further
escalation, requiring emergency response, different aspects included such as physical fights,
suicidal threats, raging, destruction of property and using weapons to harm. All these are identify
major factors that create violence among employees and also impact on productivity of
employees as well as companies.
Therefore, workplace violence is negatively impact on workers which leads less
profitability and productivity of an organisation. It will also impact on reputation and brand
image of company. In order to overcome impact of workplace violence among employees, there
are different ways which should be follow by ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited. Some are
determine as under:
Workplace-violence policy development: It is a role of an organisation to develop an
effective policy which decrease the probability of violence or threats within working
environment of an organisation. Thus, it is essential for an enterprise to overcome workplace-
violence and increase their profitability and sales ration within given time duration.
Threat Assessment: Company should consider the spectrum of possible violence and the
likelihood of those issues being carried out. It will also assist an organisation to reduce or
overcome violence in working environment of company and achieve better results within
predetermined time period.

Security surveys and measures: It introduces as an effective and essential way through
which negative impart of workplace-violence can be reduced by an organisation. In this, main
role of an organisation is to maintain an environment that increase physical safety and reduce
negatively. Thus, it is most effective way which help both organisation such as ChopCut Limited
& ABC Limited to increase their profitability.
Incident management: A multi-disciplinary team of administration and many other
resources work with each other to diffuse, mitigate and prevent incidents of threats or violence.
Therefore, this way also support ChopCut limited to overcome violence in working environment
and achieve better results. Without this, company can not satisfy their employees and not retain
workers for long time of period.
Crisis response plan: Plan describing procedures to apply should be planned and
distributed to members of a team who may be called on during an existent incident. Thus, it will
support ABC Limited to retain workers for long time and accomplish better outcomes within
given time duration.
Whistleblower programs: In this way, each and every workers know that workplace-
violence is not tolerated and the proper action will be taken if violence or threats occurs. It will
also effective and essential way through which ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited can be
overcome effects of violence on employees as well as its profitability.
Training: It introduces as a main and most significant way which will support an
organisation to retain employees by providing accurate training section to them. Main role of
company is to educate workers on techniques designed in order to deal with conflict resolution
and stress reductions.
As per the point of view of Bob Turner, 2016, The effect of these kind of confrontations
of violence can be broad spread within an enterprise. For instance, there is a actual cost related
with these type of incidents. In year 2012 survey by the Society for HRM, approximately 37% of
the organisations reported a loss of profitability and productivity, while around 34% of the
businesses noted employees replacement costs as an output of the clash. Over half of the
organisations claimed that there was an extra cost related to these circumstance in the way of
management time and expenditure. Thus, work-related violence is a major impact that effect on
profitability and reputation of an enterprise in negative manner.

According to the Matt McClellan, 2011, Partner violence is also known as domestic
violence that negatively impact on profitability and success of an organisation. Such type of
violence or threats commonly viewed as an individual problem and is related to someone's home
life. It is a biggest issue in workplace because the behaviour of an employees influences the
workplace and is expensive to workers. It introduces as a pattern of abusive activity or behaviour
that is completed by individual to control a partner. This behaviour can be sexual, emotional,
psychological and physical. Most often the wrongdoer is a male person and the individual being
mistreated is a female, but there are women wrongdoer as well. And, domestic violence occur in
all kind of relationships including, married, heterosexual, unmarried, gay, bisexual,
transgendered and lesbian as well as it touches all economic groups. Thus, workplace violence is
classified into different parts which will adversely impact on profitability and growth of an
organisation. Along with this, in ABC Limited, there are different types of employees are work
and they face such type of issue that impact on its productivity as well as reputation of an
organisation also.
The main factors which contributes towards employee stress and violence at Chopcut limited
and ABC limited
According to Adele Burney,2019, stress and violence is a way of reacting to any kind of
demand and may include intention to hurt, damage,or kill someone. It can be both good or bad
experiences. Many times stress and violence is related to work, when there is a great burden of
work on employees and it becomes so overwhelming than violence erupts mainly. The main
factors due to which stress may build are long working hours, boring work, job insecurity, poor
relationships, changes within the organisation, etc. Stress can cause anxiety, aggression,
isolation, mood swings, irritability, depression, etc. Workers at every level are experiencing
increased tension and uncertainty. Because of rapid changes and increasing competition in the
global economy ,it has become inevitable for all profession. Chopcut Limited and ABC Limited
created stressful workplace situations, they use to lay-off within the company which reflected in
building stress among the remaining employees who may worry about their jobs. Due to the
reduction of work staff, it can lead to increased load of work for the remaining employees, which
will increase stress as they struggle to meet deadlines. Stress may build because employees may
feel bullied by their managers or co-workers, and may feel helpless to do anything about it. Loss
of a job affects every part of life, from the time you wake up in the morning to whom you see

and what you can afford to do. Not all signs of stress mean an employee is about to commit a
murderous rampage. Workplace violence may occur in many forms i.e.,from verbal abuse to
physical bullying among employees, between staff and customers, and between managers and
subordinates. Work without stress might be impossible to find so more realistic choice should be
made to simply adopt more effective strategies to reduce stress at work. Sometimes violence
may arise due to a noticeable change in behaviour of an individual, any physical sign of
exhaustion, a reduction in the quality of work and increase in days missed or lashing out at other
employees due to which an employee might commit a murderous rampage. Many a times,
workplace violence is due to assaults or other violence acts such as stalking, bullying,
intimidation. Although , these signs indicate illness and overwork, so it is important to monitor
anyone showing these signs over extended periods of time. It can be prevented by instructing the
employees not to enter any location where they feel unsafe, by providing safety education to
employees so that they know what conduct is not acceptable and how to protect themselves
According to K.A. Francis, 2019, Work Stress is defined as the stress which is generated
due to conflicting demand in an individuals job. It is a relative factor which cannot be
experienced by every individual in the same way. Experiencing stress triggers emotion such as
anxiety, fear, pressure, panic and other feelings. Stress is a normal part of every individuals life
and every individual has to deal with it in some or other way. It can even work as a useful
motivator if handled well. Sometimes it may come from inside rather than outside. One can just
stress himself just by worrying about useless things. Stress at Chopcut limited and ABC Limited
may arise due to performance pressure on employees that they has to give their whole and soul at
work, physical environment and uncertainties like, lack of feedback on an individuals
performance which should be given so that an individual can keep a track of how well he is
performing in the organisation, which if not given will not make an employee to work well, if an
individual will not work well it may result in job loss, etc. Workplace Violence is defined an act
in which an individual is abused, threatened, assaulted and intimidated and can have devastating
consequences. It can potentially affect any worker or the work place. It can cause both physical
and psychological health problems. Physical consequences depend on the severity of incidents
and can range from minor injuries to death.
It may arise due to poor working conditions, pre-employment screening of employees ,
stress at workplace, shortages of staff and bullying at work place. Beyond negative health effects

exposure to violence may lead to adverse job attitudes and may reflect in some behavioural
outcomes such as employee absenteeism, reduced task performance, etc. Workplace violence can
be overcomed by creating the right environment for the employees working there by making
them feel as the most important asset of am organisation, by talking to the employees , by
providing regular workplace violence prevention training so that they know hoe to act when
there is some workplace violence. Employers must engage in delicate balancing act between
employee rights and employee protection while dealing with the possibility of violence at
workplace. Violence and stress can lead a company in ruining its image. And once if image is
ruined then the company has to bear huge losses, no other organisation will want to work with
us, will create conflicts between employees working over there, there will be bad decision
making and will reduce the market share. If there will be stress and violence in Chopcut limited
and ABC Limited, there will be negative relationship between employees and managers working
there which will reflect in reduced employee performance since proper motivation is not given to
them by their leaders and mangers. Physiological, psychological and behavioural symptoms of
stress can cause immense organisational distress. By having stress and violence neither
employees nor managers will be able to live happy so some above mentioned strategies must be
adopted to overcome stress and violence in the organisation.
According to Baldwin, Fehrenbacher and Eisenman, (2015), stress and violence at
workplace is conceived as the pressure from the work environment, then as strained within the
person. It is the interaction between the individual and the situation, which can undermine the
achievement of goals both for individuals and for organisations. Stress can be easily seen in an
individuals change in behaviour i.e., acute responses in the areas of feelings for example anxiety,
fatigue, irritability, etc. The factors that are found to be associated with workplace stress are long
working hours , time pressure, complex tasks lack of breaks, etc. The prevention and
management of workplace stress at Chopcut and ABC limited requires organisational level
intervention, because it is the organisation that creates stress. It can be prevented by giving the
employees the opportunity to participate in the design of their working situation, and in the
process of change and development affecting work. And the work over there should provide the
opportunities for the employees to learn on the job and be allowed to continue to learn as their
career progress.

The work should comprise of some area of decision making that an individual can call
their own, and can build cooperation, social contact as well as coherence between different
working conditions. Violence is defined as the emphasis that a person or group must intend to
use force or power against other person in order of an act . The European commission has
defined workplace violence: 'Incidents where staff is abused, threatened or assaulted in
circumstances relations to their work including commuting to and from work, involving an
implicit and explicit challenge to their safety, health or well-being'. This definition draws
attention not only to the use of physical force but also to the use of actual or threatened power.
Such power can be used against any individual or community. The combination of individual
interactions, workplace factors and personal factors contributes to violence at workplace. The
factors which causes violence at work place are poor relationships between employees, increased
mood swings, decreased productivity, overreaction to company policies,etc. These causes can be
prevented by providing additional security measures which may help to detect possible violet
events from occurring, by notifying authorities whenever needed and taking corrective actions,
by educating employees on policies and procedures as well as possible working signs of
workplace violence and by adopting a zero tolerance policy towards workplace violence. In an
organisation, employers must treat terminated employees with respect in order to avoid the
feeling that they are being victimized.
According to Bell, Berry and et. al., (2013), stress refers to harmful physical or emotional
body's way of responding to real and perceived situation an individual face and violence refers to
the use of physical or psychological act which threatens the people with assault, abuse or harm
from within or outside the workplace. Stress and violence at workplace puts employees at risk,
hinders productivity and hurts company reputation. Sometimes, stress plays a positive role in
providing energy and motivation to meet daily challenges which helps to rise to a challenge and
meet an individuals goal. When an individual is having lot of stress, then they may find it hard to
concentrate, feel confident and make decision. Some physical sensations like tense
muscles,sweating and a racing heart may be experienced during stress and may have some long
term impact on physical health. It may arise due to overload of work, lack of appreciation,
isolation at the workplace, lack of training, etc. This stress can be overcome d by doing
meditation-will soothe ones mind, by indulging in physical activity to metabolize the excessive
stress hormones, by talking to someone be it friend or colleague,by doing all those things which

makes one happy. In context, work place violence involve employees,customers, clients and
visitors. It can be caused due to working with volatile and unstable people. Stress and violence
at workplace will lead to bad image, disruption, accidents at work, turnover, etc. These threats
negatively affects the overall capacity of an organisation to perform and to be competitive. The
problem affects practically all sectors and all categories of workers .
It created negative effect on the performance and efficiency of the organisation which
includes sick leaves, absenteeism and turnover, productivity, lower quality of services ,
motivation and professional dissatisfaction. Stress can be a cause as well as effect of workplace
violence i.e., high level of stress may lead to violence in the workplace, but occurrence of a
violent incident at the workplace will most certainly lead to stress. Stress and violence at
Chopcut limited and ABC limited have impact on both employers and employees. For employers
it can lead to poor morale and poor image of the company which makes it difficult to recruit and
keep staff. For employers, it can cause distress, pain, disability or even death. Employers should
therefore be sensitive to the effects of workplace violence and provide the environment that
promotes open communication. These factors can be overcome d through training their manager
on workplace violence and know how to quickly recognise them. Managers and staff working
together with at-risk employees to create plans that will alleviate the stress caused by
terminations, Lay-offs and demotions. The best thing an employer can do to minimise the affect
of workplace violence is to communicate consistently with their employees about the company
and any changes that may affect them. Employers can also help reducing the chances of
workplace violence by helping to make a smooth transition for existing employees by providing
outplacement services.
Employers should therefore be sensitive to the effects of workplace violence and provide
the environment that promotes open communication. Workplace stress and violence has been
consistently identified as one of the major workplace concerns to employees and has played a
crucial role in development and performance of a company. If there will be no stress and
violence in the company it will help a company in building its reputation in the market, there will
be improved performance of employees since they are motivated properly by their leaders, better
opportunities will be there for growth in the competitive market, better relationships will build
within and outside organisation, and will help in attaining customer satisfaction. It is faced by
people who deal directly with public who may have violent behaviour.

Impacts of workplace stress and violence on the profitability of the organisation.
On the basis of viewpoint of Mary Gormandy White (2019), work stress is explained as
the stress that is developed because of conflicting the demand in a one job. Under this, amount of
the control on staff members have impact on the work stress. The stress on the employees is
harmful on them and develop the physical as well as emotional reactions to the demand of jobs
which is complex to be control. The stress develop negative impact on the performance level as
well as productivity of the staff members and organisation. While some of the workplace stress is
excessive and normal and also can be interference on the productivity as well as performance of
employee and it cam develop the negative impact on emotional an physical health. On the other
hand, stress is not always bad but minimum stress can help to stay focused and able to deal with
the new challenges at workplace. Under this, if the employees will feel more stresses then it will
cause absenteeism and not able to perform the job in an effective manner. The impact of the
stress is to reducing the effectiveness as well as productivity. Its affect of absenteeism is obvious
and minimize productivity and employees will be in press and stress. In context to this, staff
members under the stress feel less inclined to the channel energy into solving issues and also
make continuous improvement. In order to address the issues related to stress, ChopCut Limited
& ABC Limited can spent money and time and it will be helpful in identifying the arisen
problems in an effective manner.
There are some impacts of workplace stress on the profitability of organisation mention
below:
Absenteeism, presenteeism and ill health: The staff member which are more stress can
be absent from the work because of the stress they can not bale to perform their work or duties to
normal standards and they can also suffer from the other health related issues which can develop
stress. Significantly, these factors affect on the business operations due to the lack resources and
loss of experience as well as knowledge which can also affect on the other staff members. If the
employees will be absent then in this case productivity of company will be impacted in a
negative manner. It will also develop negative affect on the profit level of company.
Morale and motivation: These both are the main factors which positively impact on the
profitability as well as productivity of business. These both the factors are related to enhance the
productivity as make the employees more stress at all the levels. If employer is not able to
provide the positive working environment to employees then in this case the employees will not

able to perform in an effective manner and it will reduce their motivation level at the workplace.
From this, the negative impact will be developed on profit level of organisation.
Staff turnover, recruitment and training- Under this, staff turnover many enhance as
well as experienced the staff members which may be leave company. The employees leave
company because they feel more stressed at workplace and it negatively impact on their work. It
is a main reason to enhance staff turnover. On the other hand, recruitment is a main process of
organisation and it is a responsibility of recruiter or human resource management to hire the well
qualified and capable employees so that they can able to perform the job responsibilities in an
effective manner. At the time of peak load, company hires low skilled employees relatively over
low pay scale so that they would be able to complete their targets without expanding much over
employees. It develops negative impact on the development of business along with its
profitability. Training is one of the most significant part of company because it helps in enhance
skills, knowledge and core competencies of staff members so that they can able to perform in a
better manner. Due to high cost, firms are not able to provide the proper training to staff
members and they feel low and it negatively impact on the profitability.
Productivity and efficiency- The staff members which feel stressed and coming in to the
work are less productive and also efficient than usual and also combined with the absenteeism of
the staff members with the low motivation and morale. It will impact negatively on the
productivity as well as profitability of an organisation. Under this, if the employees will not be
motivated then they are not able to perform in a better manner and it negatively affect on the
organisational performance and profit level.
Customer Service- Under this, it is complex to maintain the better customer service level
with absence of the staff members, high turnover, motivation and morale issues, inefficiencies
and the low productivity level. Therefore, the stress can be result in the issues related with
customer services. If company is not able to resolve the issues of customers then it will develop
negative impact on it and will not visit again. It will develop negative impact on the business and
also its productivity level.
Communication and relationships- In an organisation, communication is important at all
the levels. If the communication among employer and employees will not be positive or better
then in this case their relationship is negatively impacted. On the other hand, the main reason of
making the relationship negative is not to include the staff members in process of decision

making at workplace. Those employees which feel angry, withdrawn and irritable have the low
motivation and morale. It develop negative impact on the team dynamic and communication. If
the communication among employees will not be proper then in this case they are not work with
the each other in a team and from this conflict will be arise. It develop the negative impact on the
relationship among employer and employees.
The workplace violence refers to threat or violence against employees. It can be occur
inside and outside at the workplace that can range from verbal abuse and threats to the physical
homicide and assaults. The workplace violence is a developing concern for the staff members
and employer nationwide. It is a kind of violence that is usually in form of physical threat and
create risk to health and safety of the staff members. On the basis of National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health, worker on worker, criminal intent, customers and personal
relationship intent all the violence categories at workplace. The workplace violence is related
with the incidents where the employees are assaulted, threatened and abused through the other
people at workplace. It may have severe the negative consequence for employees affected and
also their families. The violence is a heterogeneous and complex phenomenon. The stress and
violence at the workplace both impact on the productivity as well as profitability of ChopCut
Limited & ABC Limited. These both firms work on providing the better workplace so that staff
members can able to work in an effective manner and focus on attaining the specific aims and
objectives significantly. The organisations paid more attention to workforce engagement and
morale of staff members. If in case majority of staff members are experiencing the negative
stress level then in this case communication and the team work can be suffer. Mainly the
organisations conduct survey related to the employee opinion in order to measure the
engagement. Regarding the employees absenteeism and stress from disability management point,
duration of the stress to often more than the absences from the other causes. At the workplace,
violence impact on employees which attack directly.
The workplace violence is a kind of threat against the workers. It can be occur outside
workplace from verbal abuse to the physical assaults. It is one of leading causes related to the job
deaths. It can impact and also include the consumers, staff members etc. The violence is a kind
of demerit and disadvantage for ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited. If at the workplace, violence
will be arise then employees will not able to work in an effective manner and the chances of
absenteeism will be enhanced. They will not perform in a better manner and conflict will be arise

among the staff members at workplace. So, it is necessary to the manager to develop the positive
working environment and also determine the issues which are arise at workplace. Manager
should identify the positive or better solutions to the arisen issues in an efficient manner. On the
other hand, manager can communicate with its employees and as them about any kind of
violence and misshapenness with them. In this kind of issues, employees feel demotivated and in
stress. The violence can be related to the mental harassment, physical abuse etc. In context to
this, these aspects can helpful in making the effective solutions which are concerned with firm.
These impact on productivity as well as profit level of firm in significant manner. On the other
hand, to prevent the workplace from any kind of violence, management should develop effective
procedures as well as policies and also respond to the incidents of any kind of violence. The
manager should develop workplace violence prevention programme and manual of standard
operating procedures. In context to this, it is complex to assure that all the staff members should
know about policies and also understand all workplace claims that will need to be investigated
promptly. Employer should encourage to all the employees to log and report all the threats and
incidents of workplace violence. On the other hand, company should provide the post-traumatic
counselling services and stress debriefing sessions which will aids workers to overcome from
violent incidents.
Violence is the activity which impacts negatively upon the profitability of the
organisation. The two different organisations which are analysed to ascertain the impact of
violence are Chop Cut Limited & ABC Limited. This can be further divided into two types
physical and emotional violence.
Physical violence includes physical abuse of the employees from the employer side on
the happening of any kind of misshapen. This kind of act is totally prohibited as per the
directions given by government and the different legislations which are required to follow by an
organisation. Physical abuse on the mistake of employee is unethical in nature and results in levy
of hefty fines on the occurrence such situations. This will results in loss of the profitability of an
organisation and finally diminishes the goodwill of an organisation. Impairment of intangible
asset result in decrement of the overall value of an organisation in market. Such kind of acts have
their direct negative impact upon the operations of employees and reduces their productivity.
This will led in the overall decrement of the product and sales which negatively effects the

profitability of an organisation due to selling of the less amount of products in comparison to
demand in market.
The another kind of violence that can be seen within an organisation and impacts the
profitability is about emotional violence. This can be ascertained as the pressure created from the
employer side to complete the work on time or even loose their job. It has two kind of negative
impacts upon organisation but both having their influence over the financial strength of an
organisation. It diminishes the image of employer and organisation in front of their stakeholders
and in last this will impacts the amount of intangible assets negatively. Customers and
employees both doesn't want to associated with such kind of company which indulge in these
activities. This will results in financial loss n future period of time.
Another negative impact that can be ascertained from this kind of violence is about the
strict action from the tribunals against the organisations. In this regard, they have to pay the fines
which impacts their profitability as the large amount is paid to employee in form of
compensation. Loss of investors and government support impacts overall strength of an
organisation.
The influence of workplace-violence and Psychological stress on employee's productivity of an
organisation.
Work force violence is considered as the threat or violence against organisational workers
and employees. It can occur through internal as well as external factors from the workplace and
can compass from threats and verbal abuse to physical assaults and homicide, one of the leading
causes of job-related deaths. However it evident itself, workplace violence is a growing concern
for employers and employees nationwide. From the views expressed by Judith Arnetz, Lydia
Hamblin, Sukhesh Sudan and Bengt Arnetz, 2018, Violence is also recognised as the behaviour
in an intimate relationship which cause physical, psychological or sexual harm, involving
physical aggression, sexual coercion, psychological abuse and controlling behaviour or nature of
an individual. Violence has many inception, likewise frustration, exposure to violent media,
violence in the home or neighbourhood and a attitude to see other individual's actions as hostile
even when they're not.
Various situations are also there that increase the risk of aggression, such as drinking,
insults and other provocations and environmental factors like heat and overcrowding. Violence is
a major issue in society as well as in an organisational premises, thus it has huge impact over the

people of society and employees as well. In this modern environment people are very much
conscious about their image, so they are trying to avoiding the causes that create violence.
However organisations are also concern towards creating a good environment in respect to
reducing the chance of violence and work stress. Violence at workplace impact employee’s
productivity in a negative way. According to a research, morale of workers get down by around
44% when they face this kind of issue. One cannot ignore the connection between morale and
productivity. If employees are highly motivated then their productivity will also be high but if
they are not happy with the surroundings or have doubt related to self esteem then undoubted
their output will be low. Psychological stress is considered as prime reason behind poor
concentration at workplace. Organisations put performance pressure on workers in order to
increase their productivity but sometime it backfires and employees fail to deliver their natural
performance. This create value in developing the operations and functions of an organisation
through the satisfaction of employees. In daily life people confronted with social, cognitive and
physiological stressors in different situations. Stress is refers as a response to demands that
placed upon the body independent of the stressors' nature. Different stressor aspects that are
connected with possible threat can induce stress. The bodily stress reaction activates the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal gland (HPA) axis and subsequently the release of hydrocortisone.
The psychological homoeostatic procedure is also adjusted by stress. Thus, the stress response is
linked to a state of arousal and hyper-mobilization of the body's normal activation and emotion
system. Physiological stress is basically indicated through an unpleasant sensoric, emotional and
subjective experience which is related with significant damage of body tissue and bodily threat.
Stress is also an another issue which is significantly affected the environment of work place.
Stress is an universal aspect which experienced by employees across the globe. Stress has
become most common issue for employer significantly in developing nations in which the
employer or higher authority doesn't recognise the influence of stress on employees performance.
Thus it is essential for an organisation to maintain environment on respect to reducing stress and
work load.
As per the opinion of Subha Imtiaz, 2019, Stress is a common aspect which has a
significant impact over an individual's life and living. Now a day's employers and higher
authority of the firm. In this modern business environment the potential motive of each business
organisation is to attaining higher growth and success within the commercial centre and for this

organisations are deliberately work and taking crucial decisions without considering the comfort
zone of employees. For attaining higher growth and success organisations are effectively concern
on merger, acquisition, developing economic interdependence among various geographical areas
due to globalisation, thus this create value for the firm in expansion of business. Over the last
few decades, technological development, and restructuring have changed the organizational work
that resulted in time pressure, excessive work demand, role conflicts, ergonomic insufficiencies
and problematic customer relationship are causes of stress. Workplace-violence and
psychological stress has negative impact over the productivity and performance of employees
within the work place, thus high work pressure and violence create demotivation for workers and
thus may results in decreases on employees performance and overall organisational productivity.
Employees working in different sectors and organizations have to deal with stress which is a
major issue in today's modern business environment and has huge impact over the living of
people and on the organisational operations.
Business workers especially bank employees are among the group of workers under a
great deal of stress due to many preventative of stress. Stress contributes to reduced
organizational performance, decreased employee overall performance, high error rate and poor
quality of work, high staff turnover, and absenteeism due to health problems such as anxiety,
emotional disorder; work life imbalance; depression and other forms of ailments such as frequent
headache; obesity and cardiac arrests. In the business environment of ChopCut Limited & ABC
Limited, violence and stress has increases due to high pressure of work and it basically resulted
in lower productivity and performance of employees. ChopCut Limited is deals in wheel, thus
the major operations of the firm is based on providing appropriate size and shape to the wheels
what are used in the vehicles. However, in the work place of ChopCut Limited the violence has
caused due to high frustration and during the time of high work pressure employees get
frustrated and tries to reduce their work through providing extra operations to their subordinates,
which results as high pressure and develops the situation of violence and this affects the working
of employees within the work place. ABC Limited is works as a banking sector and in this
segment of business the level of pressure on employees is high. In the banking sector the politics
level is high and for this management is based on employees favouritism and for this skilled
people does not get opportunities as per their ability. This may results in lower performance of
employees. Work place stress are mainly encompasses through various aspects like Lack of

administrative support; excessive work load and work demand; problematic customer relations;
co-worker’s relationship; family & work life balance and associated job risks etc.
These all aspects may cause high dissatisfaction among employees and that resulted in
lower performance and productivity of employees. The major aim of this particular study is to
explore the issues related with stress within the workplace and examine the interrelationship
among employees performance and workplace stress or the influence of stress on employees
performance. Psychological stress is refers as the response to stress which may decrease the
ability to work or interact effectively with other individuals, and be less able to make good
decisions. Stress has also been known to play a part in anxiety and depression. Psychological
stress is a vast term which may impacted over the personal as well as professional working of an
individual. Due to psychological stress people fell depression and anxiety and thus may resulted
in low morale and non effective decision making, thus in this situation the mind set of people are
not stable and people are not able to taking proper decisions and action within the work place.
However the performance of employees decreases and this may cause issue in the performance
of an organisation.
Stress has a huge influence over the company and people performance and it terribly
impacted on the health condition and living of employees. The particular study conducted have
shown that the sources of stress that we known as Occupational Stress Cause and these are
negatively interconnected to well-being and job satisfaction of employees within the work place.
The study shown that work place stress and employees performance has negative relation thus
collectively these two aspects may results in lower performance of firm. In today's business
environment employees are recognised as the key aspect of an organisations growth, thus the
level of employees contribution may cause higher performance of firm. However the success and
growth of business are based on the total contribution of employees within the work place
environment. For developing organisational operations, businesses provides rewards and extra
benefits like compensation, extra pay etc. and these are prominently found to be positively
correlated to employee efficiency as expected. The study found a negative relationship among
job stress and job performance. However the male employees were found to be affected more
than their female counter parts. The interrelationship among work stress and organisational
performance has found to be negative due to various issues like home-work interface, workload
pressure, performance pressure, relationship with others and role conflicts on one side and job

performance. On the contrary „role conflict‟ and „role ambiguity‟ have a positive relation with
stressors in against of the public notion while the connection is found to be negative between
other stressors and job performance.
Imrab et al. (2013) found that stress is responsible for decreasing the performance of
bank employees. The investigation in right manner has found a negative correlation among stress
and job performance i.e as the stress develops the job performance goes down and vice-a-versa.
There are various causes like High workload, role conflict, and inadequate monitory reward are
recognised as the prime reasons of causing stress in employees that may assist to decreases
employee efficiency or working ability within a work place environment. There are also various
key components of employee job performance that are mainly affected by stress or violence
which involved Productivity, Job Satisfaction, employees Morale, Absenteeism, Decision
Making Abilities, Accuracy, Creativity, Attention to Personal Appearance, Organizational Skills,
Courtesy Cooperation , Initiative , Reliability, Alertness , Perseverance and Tardiness. Violence
in the work place environment was virtually unheard until 1970's. Thus, violent events have been
determined with work throughout the overall human history and have develop in complexity as
civilizations have become more advanced. In this modern era societal exposure to all aspect of
violence is much frequent than previous decades due to the reason of news broadcasts, videos,
movies, television and books that portray violence vividly. Workplace violence is proportionally
creates a wide influence on the overall operations and performance of an organisation thus these
influences are causing through physical, psychological, and financial problems to victims, co-
workers, families, businesses, and others who are considered as the important part of an
organisation. The potential right of an Employees is to expect a work environment that gives
protection and promotes safety from harassment, threats, and violence. However, the
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) of 1970 "ensures every worker a workplace free
from known hazards". In this modern business environment people are aware about their rights
and norms that are in favour or against of them, so they are preferring a good and friendly work
place environment in respect to improvising their operation and organisational production in
proper manner. High stress affects the mind set of an individual and people are not able to keep
their self on a particular area, this ma affect the productivity and performance of employees
within the work place. Employees are the key aspect of a firm and organisations are requires to
provide them a good culture and environment in respect to sustain them for long term operations

of firm. High level of stress and violence within the work place cause high level of
dissatisfaction among employees and they are focused on left out the place and switch their
profile. Thus people are searching for new opportunities and not stayed for long time in the stress
full environment. Employees stability is a positive aspect for the growth and success of a
business and violence and stress has a huge negative impact over the productivity and
performance of employees. It is necessary for each small as well as large business enterprises is
to provide a good and healthy environment to their employees for retaining their sustainability
within the work place.
The role of government in overcoming workplace-violence.
According Michael Roberts, 2019, Workplace violence is defined as an frustrating act in
which an individual is threatened, assaulted, abused, harassed, intimidated and can be caused due
to working with volatile and unstable people. Sometimes, it may arise due to noticeable change
in behaviour, reduction in quality of work done or any physical sign of work due to which an
employee might commit a murderous rampage. Workplace violence can affect both the worker
and the workplace in a way which will lead to reduced organisational performance. It should be
avoided so that a feeling of security amongst workers and better relationships can build between
workers-managers. Exposure to violence may lead to adverse job attitudes and may reflect kin
some behavioural changes such as reduced task performance, employee absenteeism, etc. To
avoid workplace violence, government has to take some actions in order to build a satisfied
working environment. As government provides a legal framework for a market economy in order
to operate effectively, they can request an inspection of the workplace so that they can see
records of work related injuries and can provide some helpful feedback to employees in order to
prevent workplace injuries. Chopcut limited and Abc limited need to register with the state
government, to define the financial ability of business. This registration will allow the
government to monitor companies to execute its functions in the business world, in order to
attain competitive advantage. Government can adopt a zero - tolerance policy against workplace
violence. This policy will cover employees, customers, contractors and any other individual who
may come in contact with an organisation. By adoption of such a policy at Chopcut limited and
ABC limited, it will not only protect employees from violence,but it will protect employers also
if violence occurs. Government can make some changes in policies of the company and can
make them in favour of employees working over there, the policies may be like employers

cannot make deductions from the workers wages if an employee is affected by the workplace
violence. Chopcut limited and ABC limited can help the employees in training regarding
company's policy, ways to mitigate risk of violence and how to handle violent situations, so that
employees can protect themselves when violence occurs. Appropriate course of action may differ
in handling violent situations, depending upon the company. Government can build a support
team which will offer support to workers who are affected by occurrence of incident of violence
or harassment in the workplace. Affected workers will be advised to consult a health professional
for their treatment. Role of government also includes policies and measures taken for the
progress of development infrastructure of an economy. The development infrastructure involves
economic and social overhead capital which is necessary for the growth of company and
optimum utilisation of resources. When a marketing transaction of chopcut limited and ABC
limited impacts a third party which is other than marketer and purchaser, the effect is known as
an 'externality'. Thus, it is the role of government to protect the public from environmental
externalities.
According to Steve Greechie, 2019, Workplace violence refers to frustrating incidents
which consists of physically and psychologically damaging actions which can have a significant
short term or long term impact on an individual. It can be any incident where a person is
harassed, abused, assaulted and has lead to devastating consequences. Nowadays violence has
become crucial part of every work environment and can lead any business to affect the overall
capacity of an organisation which will reflect in bad image, productivity, turnover, accidents of
work environment. It also created negative impact on the efficiency and performance of the
organisation which includes sick leaves, absenteeism, dissatisfaction of services, motivation, etc.
To overcome these factors government made some acts in order to avoid workplace violance
which includes health and safety act, consumer protection act,commodities act.
The health and safety act was established to encourage safer workplace condition and reduce
workplace hazards and implement safety and health programs for both the employees and
employers. This act defines general duties of each and everyone in the work premises for
maintaining health and safety and was designed to keep workplace safe and complaint free.
Employers who do not take reasonable steps to prevent a recognised violence hazard in the
workplace can be cited. Workplace with more than five or more employees or employers must
keep a written record of health and safety policy.

The consumer protection act was enacted in order to promote and protect the interest of
consumers against deficiencies in defects in goods and services. Sometimes violence may take
place because of selling defected goods, so this act was enacted in order to secure the rights of a
consumer against unfair trade practices. This act involves various rights for customer. They are
right to be heard, right to be informed, right to consumer education ,right to seek redressel, right
to receive assured success.
The minimum wage act was enacted in order to set the minimum wages which must be
paid to employees in certain employments. This act was made to empower the government to
take steps for fixing minimum amount of wages and to revise the wages within every five year.
This act helped employees in building satisfaction of their job,since they will be paid minimum
amount of wages in every situation. Enforcement of this act helped in motivating employees,
improved productivity, more efficiency of firms.
Work place violence at chopcut limited and abc limited effected employers by building
poor image and poor morale of the company and affected employees by causing distress, pain,
disability or even death. By adoption of DOL(Department of labour) workplace violence
program, Chopcut limited and ABC limited can support a work environment in which violent
and effectively violent situations can be effectively addressed with a focus on prevention by
increasing employee understanding of the nature of workplace violence, how to respond to it,
and how to prevent it.
According to K.A. Francis ,2019, violence is defined as the emphasis that an individual
or group must intend to use force or power against other person in order of an act. Workplace
violence is a threat of violence against workers which can occur inside or outside the workplace
and can range from verbal abuse or physical assaults, deaths, etc. In order to safeguard interest of
employees, employers can encourage employees to report and can provide safety education to
employees so that they know what conduct is not acceptable. The combination of individual
interactions, workplace factors and personal factors contributes to workplace violence. It may
arise due to stress at workplace, poor working conditions, pre-employment screening of
employees, shortage of staff and bullying at workplace. The factors which causes violence at
work place are increased mood swings , decreased productivity, poor relationships between
employees, overreaction to company's policy, etc. Government played an important role in

overcoming workplace violence. They made various acts in order to protect the interest of
employees. They are equality act, harrasment act, working hour act
The Eqality act(2010) was enacted to protect the people from discrimination in the workplace
and in wider society. This act says that all the employees working at ever level must be treated
fairly in an organisation, they should not be treated on the basis of an individuals personal
characteristics and ensures consistency in what employers and employees need to do to make
their work place a fair environment. Treating any employee unfavourably or refusing to hire a
qualitative prospective candidate just because they are too young or too old is considered
unlawful and is against this act. Rules for men and women are similar in this act they cannot be
different. Treating a female employee unfairly is against this law. Salary, leaves, and other rules
everything will be similar for both men and women. Under this act, it is illegal for employers to
differentiate between employees, job seekers just because of the religion they follow.
The Protection from harassment act (1997) was enacted for protecting individuals from
harassment and similar conducts. Harassment refers to an unwanted, unwelcome d , and
uninvited behaviour that offends, demeans or threatens the victim and puts an individual in fear
of their safety. It occurs when on the ground race of disability, sexual orientation, religion,belief
an employer engages in unwanted conduct. Harassment is the most common event faced by
employees these days, it may occur when one employees abuse or insult other employee and
they share poor relationship while working in the same environment. The civil harrasment law
says that harassment is unlawful violence, like assault or stalking or a credible threat of violence
or any threat which seriously sacre, annoy or harass someone without a valid reason. 'Credible
threat of violence, refers to intentionally saying something or pretending in a way that would
make an individual afraid of his or her safety or that of their family. It includes following
someone, stalking someone, making harassment calls or texting someone over a span of time.
There are some laws in context of working hours :
 Every adult (an individual who has completed 18years of age) cannot work for more than
48 hours in a week and not more than 9hours in a day, and if the companies make them
work more the employee could file a case against that company.
 There are some restrictions made on women related to working hours , the factories
act(1948) imposes restriction on employment of women to work between 6.00a.m
to7.00p.m., and

 A rest of at least half an hour should be five, in such a way that no peirod of work shall
exceed 5-1/2 hours.
According to Heliyon, 2019, workplace violence is defined as an act where violence
takes place in the form of physical abuse to bullying, harassing employees, customers or staff. It
may arise due to assaults or other or other violence acts such as stalking , intimidation, etc. So
government should make some changes in company's policy as they provides a legal structure to
operate effectively in a market. They establish legal rules that controls relationship among
business, resource suppliers and consumers. Workplace violence occurs when individuals
working in an organisation are not satisfied with the work culture or their superior employees. It
can be prevented by restricting employees not to enter those areas where they feel unsafe, and
educating about their safety when an miss happen occurs. Chopcut limited abd ABC limited
created a stressful work environment for the employees a s they use to lay-off the employees
which build stress among workers who were working there. Government can restrict an
organisation to have a specific amount of workforce which will help the company in improved
performance of employees and will lead to organisational success where in case the amount of
workforce is not fixed there will be intervention of government in organisational policy.
Government can limit can make some new policies for the sake of employee working within the
organisation in term of improving the working culture as well as practice performed in a
company. These policies will support in promoting a positive environment at workplace where
employees can work freely without being stressed. This in turn befit both parties that is company
as well as employees as organisations will be able to retain its loyal workforce for longer period
of time by providing them positive and motivational environment. On the other side employees
will get a faithful environment so that they can work properly and be able to enhance their skills
as well as capability which will help in their further development. Hence, by the help of
government support employees will be able to increase their productivity which will lead to
improved performance of the organisation.

The ways to overcome from workplace-violence and psychological stress by use of
motivational theory.
According to David Quezada, (2018), workplace violence is related with any threatening,
act or threat of physical violence, disruptive behaviour and harassment that occurs at workplace
of the company. It negatively impact on the employee motivation and encouragement towards
the working activities. In addition of this, it is not only includes workers but also consist visitors,
clients to a job sites within the organization. Usually it is form of physical abuse or threat that
directly create a risk in relation to the health and safety of employees at workplace which may
reduce their motivational level within the organization. In this context, HR manager of the
company play a significant role in reducing as well as developing positive environment within
the organization with the aim of motivating workers so that they can effectively perform their
duties and attain their set targets. Although workplace violence occurs anywhere and to anyone
that may increased the risk factors at workplace. Apart from this, manager needs to ensure that
workers perform their duties in healthy and positive working environment so that they can easily
improve their protection and at the same time also make all the workers able to handle any kind
of violence. If workplace violence arise at workplace than it negatively impact employees mind
sent and organizational image as well. This is the main reason that number of employees left the
organisation and increase employee turnover. For reducing this, manager is responsible for
making policies and strategies to build positive work environment. This may lead in reducing the
chances of any kind of violence at workplace and with employees as well. In this context, the
best protection of employees can offer is to established a zero-tolerance policy against the
workplace violence by workers. For this, employer as well as manager of ABC Limited needs to
develop a workplace-violence prevention program into the existing accident presentation
program. This may help in reducing the violence at workplace and also improve the workers
performance. With the assistance of this, company can easily established the positive and healthy
work-environment within the organization that directly contribute in enhancing the positive
brand image at market place. In addition of this, there are some protection that can be offer by a
employer to their workers are as follows:
 Provide safety education for workers so that they can easily understand about what
conduct is not acceptable and what to do when they are witness to workplace violence
and also know about hew to protect themselves from the violence at workplace.

 In addition of this, secure the workplace is also an effective way for employer to protect
their workers in which they needs to install video surveillance, alarm system, extra
lighting ad also minimise the access of outsiders. With the help of this, manager of ABC
Limited can easily secure the workplace.
 Providing drop safes is also an effective way to protect the workers to handle the amount
of cash on hand. Along with this, by keeping minimal amount of cash is also a way of
reducing the violence at workplace. Employer also ensure about keeping less amount of
cash in registers at the time of evening and late night hours is also helpful in reducing the
chances of any violence with workers.
 Furthermore, instruct workers not to enter in any location wherein they feel unsafe and
negative. For this, introducing a buddy system is also a part of protection in which
employer provide an escort services to the workers in complex and dangerous situation.
 Development of policies and procedures that cover by the home health care providers that
may help in protecting workers in clearly hazardous situation.
According to Julie Copeland, (2018), workplace violence is a serious issue that may
directly affect the workers mindset at workplace and at the same also make them demotivated
towards the working activities. It also may increase workers stress at workplace which create
negative work-environment within the organization. In addition of this, workplace violence is the
threat, intimidation and use of weapons that cause bodily harm to the workers. In an instant an
assault can turn deadly and end in multiple homicides. In this context, there are some ways that
can help in reducing the workplace-violence within the company. All these can be understood by
following ways or solution:
 Identify risk factors including Vulnerable employees: In business organization, it is vital
for manager to determine the potential risk facts so that they can reduce the chances of
arising negative aspect and also prevent from violence. In this context, carry out the
worksite assessment is also helpful in aware workers and work environment more
positive. In this various workers are includes who:
◦ Exchange money with the public
◦ Deliver goods or services and passengers
◦ Work alone or in small groups
◦ Work in high- crime areas

◦ Have extensive contact with public Establish a workplace Violence prevention program: In this manager of the company
establishing zero-tolerance policy towards the violence that help workers to understand
the behaviour of any kind of violent at workplace. This type of policy may build the
protective work environment wherein employees may easily perform their task and make
their performance more productive or stress free. Implement security measures: It is also important for manager of the company to keep
working environment secure and protective in which they accomplished all the
equipment that make workplace secure. In this, manager also provide guidance and
instruct workers not to enter into e unfamiliar location where they feel themselves unsafe.
Further, providing safety and protective environment to the workers is also beneficial to
build the motivation at workplace.
 Provide proper training and policies: It is one of the important way for overcoming from
workplace-violence within the business environment. In this, manager needs to educate
workers so that they can learn how to recognize, avoid and diffuse the violent situation by
taking part in the personal safety training programs. With the assistance of this, workers
can easily reduce their stress level and at the same time also improve their working
activities at workplace. Along with this, by alter supervisors to any kind of situation
towards the safety and security. By avoiding employees travel alone at unfamiliar
location. Make sure that employees are keep minimal money and also includes ID into
community settings.
Apart from this, there are some motivational theories which help business organization to
motivate their workers by reducing their stress level and any kind of workplace-violence. With
the assistance of this, it also beneficial in improving the quality performance of the employees
towards the working activities of the company. Thus, it is important for HR manager of company
to use effective and appropriate theories of motivation may may put positive impact on the
workers performance at workplace and at the same time also make them able to handle complex
situation that arise workplace.
In this context, Maslow's hierarchy needs is consider as a fundamental theory in
psychology as it help workers to get motivated towards the job responsibilities. Mainly, this
theory invented by Abraham Maslow in 1943 which can be beneficial for every workers who

perform in the organization. This is based on the person needs that they required in their life and
organization as well. It includes 5 types and level from lower to higher order of needs. In this
workers must satisfy their lower needs before any higher order need. With the use of this theory
manager can easily prevent workers form stress and workplace violence and make them enable
to improve their productivity level. This may contribute in enhancing the positive brand image in
customers mind. In this regards, Hierarchy of needs are as follows:
Physiological Needs: It is one of the important requirement of human in survival as they
cant not without meeting these type of needs. Thus, manager of company is responsible for
providing these type of needs to make them able in surviving. Mainly, it includes food, cloths,
shelter, water. All these are the important needs thus manager needs to provide them adequate
wages so that they can easily fulfil their needs and reduce their stress level at workplace. To
perform their best in job, employees required to fulfil all these needs to become more productive
and positive as well.
Security Needs: This level of hierarchy is relate with protection from the elements,
absence of violence and financial security at workplace. If these type of needs are not fulfilled
then workers feels stressed and demotivated towards the job responsibilities at workplace. Thus,
it is important for manager to provide all the safety needs like adequate medical and retirement
benefits of prevent from stress and workplace-violence. With the assistance of this, employees
are easily retain in organization for longer period of time and at the same time also loyal to their
job activities.
Social needs: This type of needs is related with friendship, trust, acceptance and many
other social needs. At workplace nobody is social as all these are silently work. This may reduce
the interaction among employees which may reduced the motivation and at the same time also
increase the job stress at workplace. In this, manager of the company is responsible for
promoting as well as providing friendly and collaborative culture at workplace in which workers
spend a little time together and share their views and opinion. By this they easily maintain better
relation and also reduce their stress level at workplace.
Esteem Needs: It is related with the self-esteem, confidence, achievement and respect of
others at workplace. All these type of needs help workers as they can play a pivotal role. It is
also helpful in motivating employees by providing them awards, promotions and prizes to make

them acknowledged towards the job responsibilities. If these type of needs are satisfied that
workers then employees feel motivated toward the company and its activities as well.
Self- Actualization Needs: This is last level of motivation in which employees desire to
accomplish everything that one can motivated. As it defines workers potentials, growth and
experiences that directly contribute in making them enable to effectively perform their duties and
at the same time also may aid in reducing the stress level at workplace.
Furthermore, McGregor theory X and theory Y is play a significant role in motivating
workers as workplace. By using this theory, manager of the company easily make their workers
motivated towards the job activities at workplace. As it is based on the individual behaviour at
working activities which may contribute in enhancing overall productivity level of the workers.
Theory X: This theory assumes that employees have little ambition like dislike work,
avoid responsibilities and also require close supervision. As workers don't like to work hard and
also tries avoid it. In this workers is responsible for handling this type of issues or threaten to
motivate to people to work hard. The main reason behind this is that employees generally dislike
to take responsibilities. Furthermore, workers resist changes. With the assistance of this, workers
feel motivated and encouragement towards the working responsibilities at workplace and at the
same time also make them enable to put their best.
Theory Y: In this, workers can perceive their job activities as relaxing and normal mode.
As they prefer their physical and mental effort while performing their job activities. Along with
this, they can use their self-direction to attain their organizational objectives. In this individual
are internally motivated to attain their set objectives. For this type of employees, manager of the
company prefer democratic management.
Both theory are effective as it help in motivating workers towards the set goals and
objectives and at the same time also make the able to handle any kind of situation at workplace.
In context of this, Theory X and Theory Y is more effective for business organization that help in
motivating workers to effectively manage their working activities and attain their set target.
Employees should be given opportunities to contribute to organizational well-being. As it also
encourage team working and also includes workers in decision making through which they can
easily accomplishing their target in systematic manner.
The positive impact of motivational theories upon behaviours of employees.

As per the view point of Russell Huebsch, 2019, stress at workplace not only affect
employee morale and health. Stressful workplace manifest employees in form of usual behaviour
and ailment which come up from them. These work stress can only be reduce by making
working environment motivational and more comfortable by educating management about how
the employee stress at workplace can be reduced. It is very essential to reduce the employees
stress at workplace as it has a huge influence over the performance of employees and also leads
to create several issue within an organisation. The main issues that are created due to work stress
in ABC limited are increase in number of absenteeism and turnover within workplace. This is
basically happen when there is a favouritism factor present within organisation which create
clashes between the employees. In addition to this it also create disputes among employees
which creates dissatisfaction among other workers which doesn't get promotion or another
appraisal opportunity which in turn affect their performance as well as behaviour at workplace.
In order to overcome this issue of job stress, ABC limited can implement motivation
theories in order to keep its employees motivated toward their work and hence reduce the stress
at workplace. In addition this company can reduce the stress at workplace by evaluating the
performance or organising informal meetings for determining the opinion of employees
regarding their job security, overall effectiveness of management and advancement. Apart from
this social involvement of employees with their fellow workers can support in reducing the level
of stress.
According to the view point of Robert Tanner, 2019, the psychologist Abraham Maslow
has developed a theory which suggest that humans get satisfied with five basic need that are
arranged in hierarchical manner which also act as a motivational factor. In this Maslow
suggested that people first seeks to satisfy their lowest level of need which then motivate them to
work toward satisfying each higher level of need. Hence, Maslow's hierarchical need theory is
consider to be a most important and simple motivational tool for a manager to apply and
understand the behaviour of employees and keep them motivated toward their work. With the
implementation of this theory manager of ABC limited will leads to positive impact over the
behaviour of its employees at workplace. The main reason behind this is that need of employees
changes constantly with the time as well as changes happen at workplace. Hence with the
implementation of this theory managers of ABC Ltd become able to analyse the need of
employees and reason behind their changing behaviour. With the help of this company can work

toward fulfilling the need of its employees by aligning with the objective over which they
perform work. As a result of which employees get motivated toward work in order to fulfil their
objectives and satisfy their need by working well over the objectives. This in turn also help in
improving the behaviour of employees as they started focusing toward their own work despite of
comparing appreciation and opportunities gained by others. This reflects a positive behaviour of
employees at workplace, with their fellow members as well as toward the accomplishment of
their work. These all contribute toward the improving the performance of employees as well as
developing job satisfaction among them by reducing the stress of workplace.
As per the view point of Tushar Bhatia, 2016, Theory X and Theory Y is considered to be
one of the best employee motivation theory which help in organisational behaviour analysation
so that the human resource practices can be transformed. In this theory there are two different
attitudes are defined toward the ways in which workforce can be improved. ChopCut limited is a
company which deals in cutting and shaping up of tiers or wheels in order to make them more
better for getting them attached over vehicles that reduces the risk of accidents. In such kind of
work the pressures over employees is relatively higher in both term i.e. physical as well as
mental pressure that they get from their seniors. This is basically happen because in order to give
a proper shape to wheels employee have to put more efforts over their work as a result of which
it creates a work stress at workplace that can also been seen in their behaviour toward work.
Hence in order to overcome this managers of ChopCut can implement Theory X and
theory Y at workplace in order to keep its employees motivated and reduce work stress. This will
creates a positive result within the employees behaviour at ChopCut because it provides a
platform to understand the changing dynamic of employee behaviour at workplace. Both the
theories seems to represent some unrealistic extremes and it has been assumed that most of the
employees fall between these poles. This McGregor's X-Y theories act as a guiding principles to
management for evolving processes which contribute toward the organisational development. It
is a mix of practices that ensures a healthy blend of system as well as freedom at workplace both
likely to work toward motivating employees. This in turn have a positive impact over the
behaviour of ChopCut limited employees as when they get a place where they can work freely
without any pressures then they will be able to put more efforts toward they accomplishment of
work. In addition to this it also help in bringing coordination among employees as a stress free
environment help in improving their relation with other fellow partners. As a result of which

employees prefer to work coordinate as a team with others. This in turn also help ChopCut to
enhance their productivity by getting a highly motivated workforce that contribute toward the
accomplishment of organisational goals.
As per the view point of Herzberg, 2017, job stress is considered to be a factor that
creates dissatisfaction among employees regarding their job which also affects the performance
of an organisation. In addition to this it also creates conflicts among employees which created
negative behaviour among workers at workplace which in turn affect their performance. Hence it
is very essential to remove the job stress from workplace environment in order to keep
employees motivated and align toward the organisational goals. ABC limited is dealing in
banking sector which is one of the most competitive and innovative sector where players always
brings up a new service or method in order to create value in front of its customers as well as
defeating their rivals. This creates a pressure over higher management people as they started
trying to bring innovation in their practices so that attract larger number of customers. This
pressure of wining the race lead top management to pressures their employees working over
lower level to perform well in order to achieve higher targets. As a result of which it creates a
mental pressure over employees as they have to face a voice violence from their superiors in
term of their work and practices. This directly influence their behaviour at workplace which get
negative toward superiors as well as other fellow partners at workplace which creates
dissatisfaction related with work and job.
These behaviour can also be improved with the help of motivation at workplace which
influence employees to work toward accomplishment of their job targets in order to achieve
more. Hence, being a bank ABC limited has to face several issues regarding negative behaviour
of its employees as well as job dissatisfaction due to work pressure or stress among employees.
Therefore in order to overcome such issues ABC limited must focuses toward implementing
Herzberg's theory of motivation, it is also called as two factor theory which is rely on the
principle of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction that act independently to each other. This theory
divided factor present in two parts which leads to job satisfaction as well as dissatisfaction. By
separating these two factors manager of ABC limited can focuses toward improving their
relation with employees and developing a positive environment at workplace which motivate
employees to work effective. The implementation of Herzberg's theory of motivation will have
positive impact over the behaviour of employees in following ways:

Job enlargement:- Under this section of enlargement Herzberg brought an idea of
removing the control from the employees and on the same time asked to increase the
accountability as well as responsibilities of employees at their job. This will create a positive
impact over the performance as well as behaviour of employees as by getting opportunity over
workplace, employees feel more motivated toward new task as well as they started feeling
positive toward the management. This in turn help in developing their positive attitude toward
management and other employees as well which also contribute toward improving their
performance within workplace.
Job rotation:- This section discuss about the ability of employees to create new project as
well as units hat work toward pressing the problem. Under this Herzberg suggest to encourage a
proactive attitude toward solving problems instead of being delegated to it by supervisor. This
will help in keeping the employees motivated toward their work as their issues are become
resolved at workplace which creates a positive image of management in front of workforce. This
bring positive result at workplace where employees try to take risk despite of avoiding it which
help in improving the performance of employees and organisation as well.
Job enrichment:- It refers to the process where employees get direct as well as regular
feedback over their productivity as well as job performance. This also help ABC limited in
motivating its employees as by adding this feature within their process company would be able
to keep its employees motivated. This is because by getting regular feedback over their
performance employees would be able to realise the importance of their work in their of
management. It will further support in creating a feeling of intrinsic interest as well as fulfilment
of employee need or expectation through their work itself. Hence it help in bringing a positive
impact over the performance as well as behaviour of employees at workplace.
As per the view point of Anar Nasibov, 2015, motivation is refers to the process of
inspiring people to perform actions toward the achievement of certain goals and objectives. With
the implementation of motivational theory ChopCut limited and ABC limited will be able to
reduce the work stress and psychological pressure of its employees at workplace. Hence
motivational theories have positive impact over the employees behaviour within organisation
which in turn help in creating a positive environment at workplace. Following points describe
about the positive impact of motivational theory over workforce:

Employee performance:- Motivation act as a promoter which influence an employees to
perform in a certain manner. By motivating employees ABC limited and ChopCut limited be
able to keep its employees happy which in turn creates a inner urge among their to perform more
better and achieve something while working effectively. This is because by using extrinsic and
intrinsic factors an organisation can inspire employees to remain motivated toward their work as
well as job. This in turn create more job satisfaction among employees and hence they put more
efforts toward their task in order to achieve best result. It further support company to develop a
loyal base of employees at workplace which work toward the accomplishment of organisational
goals and objective.
Productivity :- Motivational theories help in improving the working environment of
company which in turn work toward influencing the employees to work more effectively in order
to achieve something. A better relation and attractive incentives over the achievement which help
employees to remain happy and be able to accomplish their goals or objective. This in turn also
contribute toward improving their working capability which results in increasing the productivity
as well as profitability of organisation. This is because a happy and satisfied employees are more
productive then a dissatisfied worker.

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is identify as an essential process used by an investigator to gather
data and information for the motive of making accurate business decision. The methodology may
cover publication research, survey, interviews and many other relevant research techniques. It
could also include both historical as well as present information about the topic. In addition,
research methodology introduces as the general pattern of creating the procedure or activity for
accumulating reliable and valid data or information for a research. It provides a detailed and
accurate description of the procedures of research that are applied during the investigation. This
chapter of dissertation clearly defines different methods of research used to conduct an
investigation. In this chapter, an investigator explain how effective and necessary data to address
the each objectives and questions of research (Kumar, 2019). For collecting data about the
impact of psychological stress and violence in the working environment on firm's profitability,
different methods will be needed by a researcher. Some are, research approach, research strategy,
research philosophy, data collection techniques, research design, data sources and research
instruments i.e. interview, questionnaire, observation etc. There are also other useful methods
which is require by a researcher such as analytical techniques and data presentation techniques.
All these are major and effective methods which will support an investigator to gather
appropriate and relevant information about the field of study.
Research methodology is defined as a procedure or tactics which is required for
identification, selection, processing and analysing information regarding a particular topic.
Research methodology allows an individual to critically evaluate the validity and relatability of a
research. This section helps the researcher in identifying the manner in which the data is going to
be collected or gathered. Other that that, it will helps the researcher in understanding how the
collected information will be analysed. In order to understand research methodology in a deep
and premise manner, a framework is widely used (Mackey and Gass, 2015). This framework is
called as research onion. This framework includes different kinds of aspects under it which is
directly assists in performing research in a systematic manner. Below are mentioned different
layers which are associated with research onion. In addition, research methodology refers to a
systematic study, defining a problem, formulating a hypothesis, gathering and analysing data,
deductions and conclusion.

Therefore, research methodology is an effective way for researcher to systematically
solve a research issue. It is a science of investigating how investigation is completed
scientifically. Basically, it is the procedure or activity by which an investigators go regarding
their work of predicting, analysing and describing phenomenon. Main aim of this section is to
provide the work plan or structure of research. It gives training in selecting methods materials,
scientific techniques and tools valuable for the better solution of the issue (Taylor, Bogdan and
DeVault, 2015).
Main purpose of research methodology is to provide accurate and reliable information
about the topic. Research methodology is an important chapter for completing dissertation within
given time period. There are different purpose of research methodology which are identify as
under:
 To acquire familiarity or accomplish an innovative insight towards a topic.
 To test and verify essential facts.
 To analyze a process, event or phenomenon.
 To explore the cause and outcome relationship
 To analysis accurate solution to scientific, social and non-scientific issues.
 To identify frequency or ratio at which something occurs. Main purpose of research methodology is to provide reliable and proper information
about the impact of work-related violence and physiological stress within working
environment of an organisation.
Research Onion: It is identify as an effective framework used by researcher to explain research
methodology for the investigation (Neuman and Robson, 2014). It is a best framework which
will help an investigator to analysis best method for collecting accurate and reliable data about
the study. This framework have different layers which are determine as under:
Research Design: It refers as a structure or plan for a study or a list of procedures and
specifications for organising and monitoring a research project. In addition, research design can
be identify as a master plan which shows the strategies of doing a research activity. Research
design serves as an effective and useful master plan of different methods and process that should
be applied to accumulate and evaluate information required by decision maker. In other word, it
is a deliberately planned arrangement of situations for the evaluation and accumulation of
information in a manner that purpose to integrate relevance to research aim with the economy

procedure. Therefore, the whole research is relay on research design which is used by
investigator for exploring the impact. Research design mainly classified into three parts such as
descriptive, experimental and exploratory. In order to identify impact of physiological stress and
work-related violence, descriptive design is more suitable because it will help an investigator in
driving research activities effectively. All three types of research design are determine as under: Experimental research design: It is a type of research design used be researcher to
establish a relationship between origin and effect of a condition. In addition, it is a kind
of causal research design where the impact origination by the independent variable on
dependent variable is ascertained (Bresler and Stake, 2017). For instance, effect of
independent variables such as profitability of an organisation on a dependent variable
such as physiological stress and work-related within working environment of company is
monitored. It is externally practical type of research design as it play critical role towards
solving a issue at hand. Along with this, independent variables of research are
manipulated to control the modification it has on the dependent variable of study. Exploratory Research design: In this, thoughts and ideas of researcher are core as it
mainly relay on their personal tendency regarding a specific topic or research.
Explanation regarding unexplored prospects of a study is given along with entire details
about why, how and how related to the research questions. Descriptive research design: In this type of design, an investigator is entirely interested
is explaining the case or situation under her or his study. In addition, it is a theory based
design in research which is developed by collect, evaluate and presents gathered
information (Tuohy and et. al., 2013). By implementing an accurate and in-depth study
design such as this, an investigator can give insights into the how and why of
investigation.
Justification for selecting descriptive research design
`Therefore, above mentioned all research design are essential but according to the topic,
descriptive design is more suitable and accurate for researcher to collect accurate information
about the topic. Justification about selecting this design as it will supports to portray a proper
profile of respondents, events and conditions. It also allows for accurate and in-depth evaluation
of variables of the people to be designed and as well as accumulation of more information in an
extremely economic manner. It enables population of factual data about the research. It is

essential because it will support an investigator in developing the origin basing on facts or
quality, sustained by descriptive interpretations from archival data and material.
Sources of data: The research depend on both primary as well as secondary data source in order
to come up with proper and objective findings. Primary data source: Primary data introduces as a data or information originated for the
first hand by the investigator via direct experience and efforts, generally for the motive of
addressing research issue (Walter and Andersen, 2013). It also identify as the raw or first
hand data. Collection of primary data is quite expensive, as the study is organised by the
enterprise or agency itself, which needs different resources including, manpower and
investment. The data or information accumulation is under direct supervision and control
of the researcher. The information can be gathered via different methods like, mailed
questionnaire, observation, surveys, physical testing, personal interview, focus groups,
telephonic, case studies and focus groups etc.
Justification: Primary data or information collection was provided the advanced priority in this
study as there was higher published materials on the topic under research. Primary data is useful
because it draws accurate information straightly from the area. Figures and facts should be drawn
straightly from respondent because culture exists in a society of people. Secondary data source: It is another important type of data collection which implies
second-hand information about the topic. This type of data already gathered by someone
other than the user for a motive, not linked to the actual research issue. It is the readily
acquirable from the information gathered from different number of sources like,
government publications, censuses, internal records of the company, books, reports,
websites, journals, articles and so on (Bauer, 2014). Secondary data provides different
benefits as it is easily accessible, saves cost and time of the investigator. But there are
few drawbacks related with this, as the information is collected for the motive other than
the issue in mind, so the uselessness of the information may be limited or controlled in a
amount of ways like accuracy and relevance.
Justification: Applying secondary data saves cost and time since the activity has already been
completed to gather the information. It avoids issues associated with the collection process of
information or data. Unlike primary information, secondary data specifically gives a sources of
data or information that is available and permanent in a way that may be examine relatively

easily by many others. Along with this, the published documents provides the investigator
additional information or data on the research issues.
Research philosophy: A research philosophy is specified as the set of beliefs and values which
concerns the nature of reality that is being investigated. It is connected with the nature of
knowledge. Assumptions which are formulated in research philosophy will give appropriate
justification about the manner in which a research is carried out. In general, there are three kinds
of research philosophy i.e. pragmatist, interpretivist and positivist. It is one of the important
aspect of research which help investigator at the time of carry out the research activities in
systematic manner. Mainly it define the how an investigator think about the research and its
specified area. With the assistance of this, researcher maker easily gather relevant data and
information to draw a valid conclusion (Quinlan and et. al., 2019). In addition of this, it is a
belief towards the ways in which data and information should be gathered, analysed and used. As
it deals with the sources, nature and development of knowledge towards the particular topic and
area. Although, the idea of knowledge creation in which researcher engaged in knowledge that is
part of the research activities. As it involves being aware and formulating assumption of the
investigator that may increase the chances of gathering the relevant information. Furthermore, it
is also related to a wide range of disciplines. It includes four types of research philosophies such
as
Pragmatist research philosophy: Under this, researcher use mixed and multiple methods
of research designs like quantitative and qualitative. With the assistance of this, researcher easily
collect as well as analyse the data that may aid in improving the chances of attaining positive
outcomes at the end of research.
Interpretivist research philosophy: This type of philosophy is related to the difference
between humans and social actors. In this researcher includes small samples and in depth
research which may aid in collecting the valid information towards the research topic and area as
well. In this whole study is relate with qualitative through which researcher can easily carry out
the research and draw a valid conclusion (Jamshed, 2014).
Positivist research philosophy: It is based on the natural scientist which is related with
the observable social entity. Along with this, research strategy is used on the basis of data
collection or development of hypothesis. These can be tasted and confirmed so that it can be
used in further study. The main feature of this type of research is that it follows the highly

structured methodology with the aim of determine the hypothesis. Apart from this, this type of
research is relate in quantifiable observations and statistical analysis that is obtained.
Realism research philosophy: It is also an effective type of research philosophy in which
data is relates to the scientific enquiry. In addition of this, the core feature of this type of research
is that is pertained to disclose the truth of the reality. Furthermore, realism is classified as direct
and critical realism. Both are effective for gathering valid and reliable information for
implementing the valid results.
For conducting this research, investigator will use Interpretivist research philosophy as it
is a part of primary method in which researcher gather data from different respondents. By this
they can easily gather relevant and valid information towards the research topic with the aim of
drawing a valid conclusion (Gioia and et. al., 2013). With the use of this research philosophy,
investigator analysis the individual actions and opinion towards the specified research topic that
directly contribute in increasing the chances of making whole research more successful and
reliable as well.
Justification:
For this particular research, pragmatist philosophy is choose as it will helps in attaining
better results by using different research methods. It is a new aspect as compared to another
research philosophies but this philosophy is mainly used by researchers as an alternative choice.
Descriptive design is mainly related with describing features or characteristics of a issue.
Interviews and questionnaire are consider two important methods applied to elicit data in a
descriptive research.
Research Approach: It introduces as an effective procedure and plan that consists of various
path of wide assumptions to elaborated method of data collection, interpretation and analysis.
Therefore, it is mainly based on nature of the study issue being addressed (Smith, 2015).
Research approach mainly classified into two categories which is approach of data collection and
approach of data analysis.
 Approach of data collection: Research approach related to the data collection is also
divided into two parts such as qualitative and quantitative approach.
◦ Qualitative research approach: Qualitative data or information is much more basic
than quantitative research. It often involves language or words, but may also follow
photographs or pictures and observations. There are also different sources of

collecting qualitative information about the impact of psychological stress and work-
related violence within working environment of an organisation and its influence on
profitability of company. It includes, interviews, focus groups, observation, secondary
data and focus group. All these are essential and effective for a researcher to collect
accurate and reliable information about the study.
◦ Quantitative research approach: The data or information produced are always
numerical inform, and they are evaluated following statistical and mathematical
method. There are different sources of quantitative research, including, survey,
observations and secondary data i.e. company accounts information (McCusker and
Gunaydin, 2011). It is also an effective and essential method which will help an
investigator to gather data in form of facts, figures and number.
Justification: Qualitative and quantitative, both are consider as a data analysis research approach
which will help a researcher to gather quality data related to the topic. In order to analysis
influence of physiological stress and workplace violence on profitability of an organisation,
qualitative research approach will be used because it provide quality and accurate information
about the field of study. On the other side, there is quantitative research approach which is not
appropriate and useful according to the topic because it need information in form of numbers,
figures and facts.
 Approach of data analysis: Inductive and deductive approach are consider as a type of
data analysis approach which is used by researcher to analysis accurate information about
the topic.
◦ Inductive research approach: It is also known as inductive reasoning which mainly
starts with the theories and observations are planned towards the ending of research
process as an output of observations (Novikov and Novikov, 2013). In this type of
approach, regularities, resemblances and patterns in experience are ascertained in
order to reach valid conclusion for study.
◦ Deductive research approach: It introduces as an effective approach of data
analysis which is used by researcher for accumulating accurate information related to
the study. This approach mainly concerned with creating a hypothesis based on
present theory, and then scheming a best research strategy to examine the hypotheses.

Justification: For analysing accurate and reliable information about the impact of physiological
stress and workplace-violence on profitability of an enterprise, inductive approach is more
suitable because with the use of this approach, a researcher can get to work with probabilities.
Main reason behind selecting inductive research approach for data analysis as it will help a
researcher to gather quality and accurate data about the topic.
Research Strategy: It introduces as a step-by-step and effective plan of action that provides
direction to researcher efforts and thoughts, enabling them to organise research activity
systematically and on time to produce better outputs and detailed reporting. There are different
types of research strategy such as experiments, surveys, case studies, ethnography, grounded
theory, action research and archival research (Humphries, 2017). All these are main types of
research strategies which will help an investigator to complete each activities of research in more
effective and accurate manner. All these strategies are define as under in detail manner:
 Experiments: It is another significant type of research strategy which will help an
investigator to analysis change in independent and dependent variables. In a classic
experiment, more number of groups are implanted with each and every team known as
experimental group. Therefore, it is another important strategy which will support a
researcher to plan and conduct research systematically and on schedule.
 Survey: Survey is mainly related with the deductive approach in research. Different
number of studies or research related to the management and business adopt this form of
strategy. With the help of survey, a researcher can gather huge amount of information
from a sizeable target respondents ( Reynolds and et. al 2014). The information can be
evaluated following inferential and descriptive analysis tool.
 Case Studies: It is another important types of research strategy that involves empirical
research to investigate contemporary phenomenon applying different sources of evidence.
It is different to experimental research strategy which is free to a context. This strategy is
more suitable and appropriate when to gain detailed insight of the investigation.
 Ethnography: Main purpose and motive of this type of strategy is to explain and
describe research topic just the form it would give a explanation or description to the
subject. Ethnography is a time consuming strategy which is not suitable for this study.
 Grounded Theory: It introduces as one of the best example to mixed research strategy
approach where the focuses is on theory creating. Such type of strategy is adopted with

purpose to predict and explain a behaviour. Due to this, new theories are created on the
support of theoretical framework. Action Research: It is a type of research strategy which is mainly based on 4 themes
wherein the 1st theme is to emphasis on motive of study e.g. to investigate the implication
of modification within an enterprise. Secondly, role or duty of investigator within the
investigation ( Kitchin and Tate, 2013). Thus, the investigator should participate in the
process of change management or is facing the change implications within the case
enterprise. Lastly, process of planning, diagnosing and taking accurate action is refer as a
central them of such strategy. Archival Research: It is another useful type of research strategy which is mainly based
on management documents and records as an effective sources of data collection can be
both historical or recent. Information which is gathered for various motive is analysed to
explore the implications of the same.
Justification: Above discussed all types of research strategies are essential but according to the
topic, survey will be applied by researcher to gather proper and accurate information or data
about the influence of psychological stress and workplace-violence on profitability of company.
Survey is also essential and important for an investigator to achieve better outcomes within given
time period. It will also assist an investigator to do further research in effective and systematic
manner.
Research choice: The nest layer of research onion framework are known as research choice. A
mixed method is applied with the application of quantitative and qualitative approach. Both are
identify as a best method which will help an investigator to accumulate accurate data and
information about the topic (Isaacs, 2014). Qualitative and quantitative research are determine as
under with its advantages and disadvantages:
 Qualitative research: This type of research is often applied for exploring information
about the topic. It assist an investigator to gain an accurate understanding of underlying
opinions, reasons and motivations. It gives in-depth insights into the issue or supports to
create hypotheses or ideas for potential quantitative study. In order to collect qualitative
information, different methods need to be used by researcher such as individual
interviews, focus group, diary studies, immersion or observation. The sample size is
mainly small, and participants are chosen to fulfil a provided quota.

◦ Advantages of qualitative research: There are different advantages of qualitative
research for an investigator to collect accurate and quality information about the
topic. It become possible to a researcher to understand attitudes of respondents about
the study. Some other advantages of qualitative research are: content generator, saves
money, provides in-depth insights that are specific to an industry, creativity to be a
driving force, it is effective process that is always open-ended, incorporates the
human experience and offers predictive qualities (Mukhopadhyay and Gupta, 2014).
All these are major benefits of qualitative research which will help an investigator to
accumulate accurate data about the impact of workplace-violence and physiological
stress on ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited.
◦ Disadvantages of qualitative research: There are different drawbacks of qualitative
research which negatively impact on researcher while collecting accurate information
about the study. Some disadvantages or drawbacks of qualitative research are
determine as under:
▪ Qualitative research is not statistically representative way of data collection.
▪ It relies on the researcher's experience.
▪ It can lose data or information.
▪ It may need different sessions.
▪ It can not easy to replicate outputs.
▪ It can develop misleading conclusion about the research.
▪ It develop information that is not easy to present.
 Quantitative research: It is another type of research which is applied to quantify the
issue by form of creating numerical information that can be changed into useable
statistics. Along with this, qualitative research is applied to quantify behaviour, opinion,
attitudes and many other defined variables, and accurate or generalize outputs from a
bigger sample population (Riedl, Davis and Hevner, 2014). This type of research uses
measurable information to formulate numbers and uncover thesis in study. In order to
gather quantitative information, there are various number of methods need by researcher,
including face-to-face interview, paper survey, mobile survey, online survey, telephone
interviews, kiosk survey, website interceptors, systematic observation, online polls,
longitudinal studies etc.

◦ Advantages of quantitative research: There are different pros of quantitative
research which are identify as under:
▪ It allows the investigator to measure and evaluate information related to the topic.
▪ The investigator is much more objective regarding the findings of research.
▪ This type of research can be applied to quantify hypotheses in experiments due to
its capability to measure information applying statistics.
◦ Disadvantages of qualitative research: There are some drawbacks of disadvantages
of quantitative research which highly influence on researcher while doing each
activities or research systematically (af Wåhlberg, 2017). Some drawbacks are
determine as under:
▪ The main drawback of quantitative study is the context of research or experiment
is ignored.
▪ It dose not investigate things in a actual setting or explain the meaning things
have for various people.
▪ A large size of population must be studied for much more accurate outputs.
Justification: Therefore, qualitative and quantitative bot are consider as an essential type
of research which will support an investigator to accumulate accurate and proper information
about the topic. In order to identify impact of physiological stress and workplace-violence on
profitability a company, qualitative research is more suitable and appropriate for investigator.
Main reason behind selecting qualitative research is it allows an investigator for determination of
field of greater risk in limited time period and without more expenditures. It will also assist an
investigator to collect quality data or information about the topic.
Time Horizon: For the nest useful layer of research onion framework is time horizon which will
be more essential for an investigator to identify accurate time for completion of research
activities (Lather and St. Pierre, 2013). Gantt chart is consider as a type of bar chart which will
help an investigator to identify starting and ending time for completion of research activities. In
this chart different number of activities included which are determine as under: Selection of appropriate topic: It is a first activity in which researcher select an
appropriate topic for completing dissertation. In order to complete this activity,
researcher need minimum 2 Month of time period.

 Aims and objectives: It is identify main activity because whole research is dependent on
aim and objectives of research. In order to develop appropriate aim and objectives of
research, researcher will need minimum 1Month of time duration. Introduction: In this activity, different elements will be covered such as background and
overview of research, rationale and significance of research, research
aim/objectives/questions etc. All these are consider main and effective part for
completing research in systematic manner (Mackert and et. al., 2014). For this minimum
1Month of time duration is needed by researcher. Literature review: In order to create literature review, 2 Month of time is require by
researcher. For this, researcher could analysis different books, journals, articles,
publication research, company documents etc. to collect in-depth information about the
selected topic. Research methodology: It is another important activity and for completing this,
minimum 1Month is needed by researcher. In this, researcher is able to find out best
methods for collecting accurate and reliable data about the study. Result and findings: In order to find out response from respondents about the topic,
2Month is sufficient time period which is require by researcher. In this section,
researcher prepare a questionnaire from selected sample size out of total population.
Thus, two moth is accurate time for completing this activity. Discussion: In this section, discussion is mainly related with primary and secondary
source of data collection (Dumay and Cai, 2015). Under primary source, questionnaire
will be prepared whereas under secondary source, literature review will be essential.
Thus, both are important sources and in order to do this minimum 1Month of time period
is require. Reflection and recommendation: It is another important activity included in Gantt chart
which will help an investigator to describe their whole experience in doing of research
activity. For this activity, minimum 20 days will be require by researcher.
 Submission of final report: It is a last activity of Gantt chart which will help a researcher
to submit their report. For this activity, minimum 10 Days will be require by researcher.

Therefore, all these activities are essential for completing dissertation in systematic and
effective manner. Thus, for completing whole project, minimum 11 months will be require by a
researcher.
Sampling: Sampling introduces as an effective process of choosing a part of the population.
Along with this, a population is identify as a group of large number of person that is studied in a
field of study. These are basically the members of city, town or a country. It is not easy for
investigator to research the entire population due to lack of resources e.g. cost, energy and time.
Therefore, an investigator choose a specific part of population for his or her study, rather than
researching the entire population. It makes the each activity of research in convenient and
manageable for researcher (Munn and et. al., 2014). A sample introduces as a group in a project
in which data is obtained, or a population chosen for observation and evaluation. Sample is a
representative of entire population taken to describe what the outputs are like. It is important and
significant part in research project because entire study of investigation is depend on response
from respondents.
Sampling techniques: There are mainly two types of sampling techniques which is probability
and non-probability sampling. Both are determine under in detail manner:
 Probability sampling: It introduces as an effective form of sampling where each and
every member of entire group has a known chance of being chosen in the sample. When a
sample population if externally homogeneous, its each and every member has a
possibility of being chosen in the sample. In addition, it is an effective sampling method
that chooses members of a population in random basis by setting a some selection
criteria. These parameters of selection allow each members to have an equal possibilities
to be a section of different samples (Hannula, Suoranta and Vadén, 2014). There are
different types of probability sampling methods which are determine as under:
◦ Simple Random Sampling: It introduces as an effective method of probability
sampling method which will help an investigator to select sample size on random
basis.
 Non-probability sampling: It is another type of sampling method which is used to select
sample out of total population. This method is reliant on an investigator's capability to
choose members at random. This type of sampling method is unfixed or pre-defined
selection activity which create it difficult for entire components of a population to have

equal chances to be included in sample (Vaioleti, 2013). There are certain form of non-
probability sampling method which are given as under in detail manner:
◦ Convenience sampling: It refers as an effective and essential type of non-probability
sampling used by researcher to select sample size out of total population.
Research limitation: Limitation of the research are considers those characteristics of
methodology or design that influenced or impacted the interpretation of the finding from field of
study. One of the main limitation of research is time because for completion of each activities
accurate time period is needed by researcher. There are different types of research limitation
which may effects for researcher while completing each activities of research. Research
limitation may be classified into two parts which is methodological limitation and limitation of
the researcher.
Possible methodological limitation:
Formulation of research aims and objectives: Researcher might have formulated aims
and objectives of research too broadly (Fox and Alldred, 2015). They can qualify in which
modes the formulation of objectives and aims could be constricted so that the focus level of
study could be enhanced. Thus, it is a biggest limitation that impact on investigator while
formulating proper aims and objectives related to the study.
Lack of available and reliable data: A reliable or lack of data will likely need researcher
to limit the scope of their analysis. In this, sample size can be significant obstacle or issue in
analysing a trend and an essential relationship. In this, researcher require to not only define these
limitation but give cogent explanation why they believe information is unreliable or is missing.
Thus, it is also identify as a main limitation that effects on investigator while doing research
activities in systematic and effective manner.
Lack of previous studies in the research area: It is also consider as a main limitation in
dissertation which will effect on researcher while doing each activities of research in systematic
manner. With the help of previous study, researcher is able to find out accurate information or
data about the study (Patten and Newhart, 2017). Along with this, literature review introduces as
an essential section of study, because it supports to analysis work scope that have been
completed so far in field of study. Findings related to the literature review are applied as the
foundation for an investigator to be assembled upon to accomplish research objectives.

Scope of discussion: It also considers as biggest limitation for researcher while choosing
research area. Most likely, researcher don't have many years of experience of organising
researches as well as producing academic documents of such a big size individually, depth and
scope of discussion in its research paper is compromised in different ways compared to the
activity or works of experienced scholars.
Sample size: It mainly relays on the nature of research issue. If sample size of
respondents is tool little, statistics tests would unable to analysis essential relationship or
connection within data set. Researcher can state that basing their study in bigger sample size
could have created more appropriate outputs. The significance of sample size is bigger in
quantitative research as compared to qualitative research.
Measurement used to collect data or information: Sometimes, after completing the
research interpretation of the outputs, it is observed that the effective way in which it gathered
information inhibited its capability to execute a comprehensive evaluation of the outputs
(Grossoehme, 2014). For instance, not covering a particular questions in an examination that, in
review, might have supported address a specific problem that emerged later in the investigation.
Possible limitation of the researcher: There are certain limitation of the investigator in which
some are determine as under:
Access: If study of research is relay on having access to organisations, people, documents
or data and for some reason, access is limited or denied in few way, the explanation for this
requirement to be explained. Also, be sure to describe why limited or denied access does not
prevent researcher from applying through on their study.
Longitudinal Effects: It is mainly related with time limitation. In order to completing
each activities or tasks of research, accurate time period is require by an investigator. Thus, time
available to study a issue and measure the stability or change over time period, is in different
cases well limited. For instance: due to the expiration time period of project allotment, these type
of limitations are advisable or well suggested that are expressed in the report on in an article.
Therefore, the main limitation of the research is the time duration for completion of the
activity and the capability of the investigator to consists a large sample size for the primary
research. For the time of research completion, the investigator was small to the timing guidelines
for completing each parts of dissertation within the defined time duration. For the capability of
investigator to consist a larger sample size for the study, the limited time duration for completion

of activities means that investigator had a allot sufficient time duration for the research limited to
responses accomplished by investigator for the questionnaire. An investigator was likewise
effected by the determination of questionnaire answering and the convenience sampling method
given a mitigation to this problem (Gabriel, 2015). Another biggest limitation of this research is
the extent of information available in UK relating to the impact of physiological stress and
workplace violence on profitability of an organisation. While there was accurate information or
data available publicly from the yearly reports, the organisation websites and other work-related
stress of physiological violence related reports from the organisation. It is likely that there are
many other information and data that the investigator was not capable to approach as these were
not available in publicly. Therefore, an investigator did not have organisation access to
information and data that were nor given publicly by an enterprise.
Research reliability and validity: The reliability of the study is mainly based on the
development of test instrument which is known as survey questionnaire. It introduces as an
effective and essential instrument of primary researcher because with the help of these toll, an
investigator is able to gather valid and reliable data about the impact of physiological stress and
workplace violence on profitability and success of an organisation. This instrument was piloted
across different potential participants to check that the knowingness of the questionnaire was
conformable across various respondents (Lushey and Munro, 2015). This instrument was revised
to address the problems in questions that were not interpreted by the participants in the pilot of
questionnaire easily. Therefore, questionnaire is most significant and essential instrument for an
investigator to use this and gather reliable data about the effects of work-related violence and
physiological stress on profitability of ChopCut Limited and ABC limited. As the altered
questionnaire was systematically known by the potential participants, this was see to give a
reliable and accurate response across the fix of questions consist in the questionnaire.
Data Presentation Techniques
This considered as the most essential aspect of research methodology, thus it is effective
in analysing the data and information accumulated by the researcher for carry out the
investigation in right manner. Data and information is the most significant aspect of an
exploration work as the whole activity of research are based on the information accumulated by t
he researcher. In execution of an investigation the major focused area of an investigator is to
gather information in wide range for the purpose of reaching at the potential result and outcome.

This section of an investigation is effective in presenting the data that are gathered from different
sources in effective manner for providing a clear vision about the study work to the respondents.
Collected data are mainly analysed by applying Percentages and Means (Hickson, 2016). In
additions to the analysis of the data using statistical methods, interpretations are carried out on
the basis of these analysed information. The analysis, interpretation and findings of the
accumulated information data are transcribed in a particular chapter. The data gathered to
address each objective are analysed and discussed in each sections. The findings of the analysis
are also analysed and interpreted. For proper analysis of data Graphs, diagrams and pictorial
representations are used thus these are effective in facilitating the scientific analysis of data and
to present the analysis and findings part in a more effective and proper way. This section is also
recognised as a clear, appropriate and accurate path way of representing information that are
gathered through the different sources in respect to reaching at the potential outcome and results.
Data analysis helps in the interpretation of information and proceeds towards a decision or
answer that is effective in reaching at the potential outcome and resolving the issue in proper
manner. Presenting the data includes the pictorial representation of the data by applying graphs,
charts, maps and other methods. There are various ways of presenting data in proper manner in
which some are associated as below:
Tables: This is an effective and widely used method of presenting data in proper manner,
thus it is effective in providing a clear and accurate presentation in regards to the information.
This is recognised as the method of presenting data using the statistical table. In another words it
is refers as a systematic presentation of data and information in rows and columns
(Psacharopoulos, 2014). This method is significantly applied to present large range of data
through the help of labelled rows and columns. Researchers are concern on using tabular form
for the purpose to present data in proper manner because in tabular form measurement units are
shown clearly which is helpful for learners in proper analysis of data in effective manner. The
tool of Tables are also effective because it helps in providing easy analysis on data and this is
also effective in interpreting the information in proper way.
Pie charts: A pie chart is considered as a circular statistical graphic, that is categorised
into slices to illustrate numerical proportion. Pie charts is a most potential path way to manage
data in order to understand the size of element relative to the entire, and are especially good at
viewing percentage or relative data. While pie charts are popular data representations, they can

be hard to read, and it can be difficult to compare data from one pie chart to another. Pie charts
are a useful way to visualize information that might be presented in a small table. This source of
data presentation is applying by the researcher for showing data which is to be compared in
proper manner (Carspecken, 2013). Thus this tool is effective in making comparison among the
data through showing percentage regarding the options which are required to be compared. The
major reason behind using pie chart is that it is easy to understand and quick to interpret. Pie
Charts are ideal for providing the reader a quick idea in regards to the proportional distribution of
the information and data. This tools is also significantly used in the research projects that are
based on management or academic areas, thus this is the best way to compare data in effective
manner. This is also effective in providing better understanding to the learners about the study
through presenting analysing via the form of percentage.
Bar graphs: A bar chart or a bar graph is considered as a chart which presents categorical
information through rectangular bars through heights or lengths proportional to different values
that they represents. Bar graphs are also refers as one type of graphs which are uses brands of
standard width and varying length to represents magnitude. Bar graph is defined as a graphical
display of data by using bars of different heights for presenting the quantity of data. It is
basically used to present the categorical data with the help of rectangular bars with length as well
as heights proportional to the values which they are presenting. These graphical data can be
presented in both horizontal as well as in vertical manner which help in providing a medium of
comparison in term of discrete categories (Grossoehme, 2014). Bar charts have a discrete domain
of categories which are usually scaled so that all the numerical data can fit over a particular
chart. These bar charts are basically arranged from the highest to the lowest incidents which is
also termed as Pare-to charts. This tool is basically applied to represent data which covering time
aspects. The investigators are concern on using bar charts to determine information and data
because it is effective and helpful in facilitating comparison through virtue of their clear visual
influence. This tool is basically used to presenting quantitative data thus this source is mainly
representing the accumulated information in the form of figures.
In this present investigation work data has been analysed through using thematic analysis
as in this themes are prepared on the basis of the questions of questionnaire and graphs and
charts are prepared to presenting the data in proper manner.
Research ethics:

Research ethics is defined as the set of provided guidelines which instruct an investigator
to perform their work in ethical and reliable manner without breaching any sort of ethical rule or
principle which may create any negative impact over person or other. Therefore ethics is
basically defined as an application of morale principles in planning, executing and reporting the
findings of an investigation that has been performed by a researcher (Patten and Newhart, 2017).
As research involves secondary information so it very essential to ensure that the findings of
investigation must be relevant and robust. For qualitative research ethical principles are usually
defined as a moral stance which involves protection as well as respect of people which are
actively consenting to be studied. Therefore it is very essential for a researcher to use
authenticated sources only in order to present the more reliable as well as accurate information to
a reader. This is because outdate and unauthenticated source may includes false information
regarding a particular event as well as a company. As a result of which this false information
may miss-lead the readers which is an unethical practice as it may results into promotion of an
organisation's negative publicity which also influence their performance. In addition to this an
investigator must also focuses toward presenting more accurate and correct information through
their research and must not try to manipulate the information in order to make their investigation
more attractive as it can miss lead the readers and also practitioner also who can use the content
of investigation in their future research.
Apart from that this research also includes primary data where research ethics applied
extensively to ensure that data gathered and presented throughout the research must be authentic
and collected in ethical manner (Gabriel, 2015). The ethical principle utilised within the research
generally includes informed consent, confidentiality and anonymity. The principle of informed
consent state that a researcher must present the real information and aim behind conduction of its
research in front of participant and must not try to cheat them for collecting information. In
addition to this it must also provide them an option of opt in or out of participating in primary
investigation as per their own choice. Hence, prior to investigate through structure questionnaire
with participants a researcher must present a structured detail about the purpose of investigation
and manner in which it will be used so that they can make their perception regarding whether
they have to participate or not in this research.
Apart from this according to the principle of anonymity, researcher must not disclose the
personal detail of participant in its research and must not linked it to any part of its investigation

result, as it is an unethical practice (Lushey and Munro, 2015). The privacy of participant must
be obeyed while the publishing of report and research must not violet these ethical consideration
in term of participant anonymity through investigation and publishing of research. This is
because the objective of any study does not provide a researcher a special right for intrude on a
participant's privacy nor to abandon a normal respect for an individual's value. At last the
confidentiality principles of research work over the fact that a researcher must keep the findings
of its investigation confidential and must not share it everybody. It must only share the result of
research with the persons who have stake in the result as well as finding of investigation.
Data analysis techniques: It introduces as an effective and important part of research
which will help an investigator to analysis accurate and reliable information about the study.
There are different types of data analysis techniques which are determined as under:
Techniques, Procedures and research instruments: The final layer in the research onion
framework is mainly related to the procedures and techniques of research. In the research, both
primary and secondary research were applied to collect accurate information related to the
project. In order to primary information, there are different sources such as interview,
questionnaire, observation etc. In order to gather secondary information, there are various
sources such as books, journals, publication research, company documents etc. Therefore, both
primary and secondary source are essential for an investigator to accumulate information about
the impact of physiological stress and work related violence on profitability of an organisation
(Tesch, 2013).
 Techniques for primary source: There are different types of primary source techniques
which are determine as under:
◦ Interview: It introduces as a qualitative method of research that supports in gathering
information via interviews that are organised either in individual or over the
telephone. It is also consider as an open-ended method of research conducted among
the researcher and respondent.
◦ Focus groups: It refers as a one of the popular and best techniques used by
researcher to gather information from small sample size who are expert in the field of
study.
◦ Questionnaire: It introduces as an effective instrument of research which consists
different number of questions related to the topic (Wildemuth, 2016). Main purpose

of this technique is to collect accurate and reliable data about the impact of work-
related violence and physiological stress on profitability of company within a
working environment of an organisation.
There are some open-ended and close-ended questions which are determined as under:
Close-ended Questions
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the concept of workplace stress?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) Do you have any idea about the psychological stress within working environment of an
organisation?
a) Yes
b) No
Q3) What are the causes of workplace violence?
a) Lack of Pre-employment Screening
b) Lack of Employee Assistance Program
c) Stress
Q4) What are the physiological and behavioural symptoms of stress within working
environment of ChopCut Limited and ABC limited?
a) Depression or anxiety
b) Feeling overwhelmed, unmotivated, or unfocused.
c) Psychosomatic issues
Q5) What are the consequence of workplace stress?
a) Physical problem
b) Emotional problem
c) Behavioural problem
Q6) What are the effects of workplace stress on employees of ChopCut Limited and ABC
limited?
a) Impact on health
b) Impact on mental alertness
c) Impact on personal and professional relationships

Q7) What are the types of violence found in workplace?
a) Criminal Intent
b) Worker-to-Worker
c) Ideological Violence
Q8) How does psychological stress impact on health of employees?
a) High blood pressure
b) Heart disease
c) Obesity and diabetes
Q9) What are the major impact of physiological violence on employees?
a) High absenteeism
b) High labor turnover
c) Poor time keeping
d) Poor performance and productivity
e) Poor motivation
Q10) What are the main factors which contributes towards employee stress and violence?
a) Excessively high workloads
b) Weak or ineffective management
c) Bullying or harassment
d) Poor physical working environment
Q11) What are the impacts of workplace stress and violence on the profitability of the
organisation?
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Neutral
Q12) What are the impact of workplace stress and violence in ChopCut Limited and ABC
limited ?
a) Staff turnover, recruitment and training
b) Productivity and efficiency
c) Communication and relationships
d) Business and financial performance

Open-ended Interview Questions
Q1) What are the influence of workplace-violence and psychological stress on employee's
productivity of an organisation?
According to the manager, workplace-violence is a major concern for every business
organisation and its workers. As it negatively impact on efficiency level of workers and at the
same time also demotivate them towards the working activities. In addition of this, stress is also
refers to the adverse psychological and physical reactions that arise in individual mind due to his
or her inability to cope with any kind of demand and situation. Mainly, it is tension that arise
from extra-ordinary demand of workers at workplace. As it is not important that it is bad: it can
be opportunity when it provide potential gain to individual. Apart from this, violence in the
workplace directly affect the individual and their mind set as it reduce the productivity level, low
morale and negative publicity. All these are negatively influence the overall performance of the
company and its workers as well. For employees, violence is consider as a complex or
heterogeneous phenomenon that intentionally use of physical force of power, against oneself,
threatened and many more that negatively influence on workers behaviour at workplace or
working activities as well. Sometime, employees doesn't realize the actual impact of stress on
workers performance that ultimately results in arising managerial dilemmas at workplace. In this
regards, there are some important factors that may increase the stress such as poor time
management, unclear job descriptions, inequality, lack of communication, negative personal
relationships, complexity of task activities and many more.
All these kind of aspects are adversely affect the employees performance and at the same
time also make them demotivated towards the working activities. As per today's work life,
generally employees working for longer period of time in which they required more
responsibilities to improve their performance at working area. As stress is consider as a complex
and dynamic concept that affect performance of company. Thus, it is important for the workers
to get the work done effectively. For this manager is responsible for manage level for stress by
providing them better guidance and support. In this regards, job stress is become a key
challenges in front of employees because it put their strapping impact on the productivity level of
the company and its workforce as well. If employees are stressed then it increase undesirable
issues like low productivity, less motivation, increased absenteeism and so on. One of the major
impact of stress is increased in turnover rates of business organisation. This includes not only

situations in which pressure of work exceed towards the employees ability to cope but also
wherein knowledge and abilities are not effectively utilized. This is the reason that stress is arise
in employees mind set. It also causes of imbalance of individual life that leads to depression
which change the employees attitude and work behaviour as well. Thus, it is crucial for
management to take care of employees productivity and provide them flexible working
environment so that they can easily perform their task and at the same time also improve their
performance level.
Q2) What are the major role of government in overcoming workplace-violence?
As per the perspective of Manager, in order to maintain effective working condition
government plays an essential role because they has developed numbers of rules and regulations
which help them in overcoming workplace violence in effective manner. From which some
major of them are given below: -
 Public Order Act 1986: According to this legislation there are several activities or
functions which leads to workplace violence such as threatening, insulting words or
behaviour, beating person at workplace and many more. In respect of manager they
generally adopt respective rule when such situation occur at workplace as well as by
adopting this law management can take action in verbal, physical or written form.
 Sex Discrimination Act 1975: This act is amended in year 2008 and it is developed for
one of the major reason of workplace violence. It is generally developed for situation
when there is discrimination is done on the basis of gender. According to manager this is
one of the major reason of violence at workplace because there are some male employees
who consider female employees not much effective due to violence take place and for
resolve it they generally adopt respective legislation.
 Protection from Harassment Act 1997: This act covers situation related to assault as
well as battery that are generally consider as condition when an individual intentionally
or rashly incept another person. This may cause physical as well as mental harm to
person who is victim. In respect of manager their management generally adopt this
legislation in order to protect employees from any illegal activities as well as workplace
violence.
 Sexual offences Act 2003: This act include several situation which may occur at
workplace and lead to violence such as sexual abuse, generally non accordant sexual

activities and so on. In this respect manager adopt respective legislation so that they can
avoid such kind of sexual abuse or violence in effective manner. This will also help them
in supporting those peoples who go through such kind of activities.
 Disability Discrimination Act 1995: This legislation is generally adopted by peoples
when there is discrimination occur with disable people (mental or physical disable). In
context of manager they are generally adopt this rule and regulation when anyone at
workplace conduct misbehaving with disable person. By this they able to encourage their
disable employees or customers impressively as well as it will also help in avoiding
situation which may occur workplace violence.
 Employment Equality Regulation 2003: This legislation is generally adopted by
company in order to protect its members from getting discriminated on the basis on age,
gender, skin colour, language, culture, values, belief and many more. In respect of
manager they adopt this rule in order to avoid situation of which leads to workplace
violence. This is so because when someone abuse disable person then it is high change
that violence will occur.
These are some of the major rules and regulation which manager will adopt in order to
avoid as well as overcome workplace violence situation.
Q3) What are the ways to overcome from workplace-violence and psychological stress by
use of motivational theory?
According to perspective of manager there are several ways to overcome as well as avoid
workplace violence and psychological stress such as they generally adopt motivational theories
for respective situation. Motivational theory is define as forces which are acting on or present
within an individual which leads to stimulation, direction, develop strategies for attaining goal
and many more. This will also describe why as well as how behaviour of human will activated
and through what plan of action management can avoid workplace violence as well as
psychological stress. Some major motivational theory which manager adopt in order to avoid and
overcome workplace violence as well as psychological stress are mentioned below:-
Maslow's Hierarchy of need theory:
According to this theory, people are motivated for fulfilment of goal and objectives of
organisation through fulfilling of their needs in hierarchy format. There are five main needs of
human beings which are followed in proper and systematic manner. The main purpose of

implementing such theory by manager is to provide job satisfaction and fulfilment of basic needs
of employees in order to avoid workplace violence and psychological stress. They are described
below:
 Physiological Needs- All the employee working in organisation should be provided with
basic needs by their manager. These are the fundamental basic requirements of
individuals such as food, shelter, air, water, sleep, warmth and sex.
 Safety and Security Needs- The working force should be provided with safety and
security needs so that they feel safe and comfort at organisation. This includes security,
employment, stability, health, law & order.
 Social Needs- This need includes love, affection, belongingness with family, friends,
colleagues. The employees who are performing work in organisation has to be loved so
that they get motivated for better work performance.
 Esteem Needs- When all these above needs are fulfilled, other need rises is self esteem
needs. In this need, individual develop positive feeling and want high value and
recognition at workplace. It includes self-confidence, recognition, achievement, respect,
status.
 Self-actualization Needs- It is the highest level need of this theory. Here, all needs of
individual are fulfilled and they are in search of improving their potential capacity by
doing those things which they like the most. It includes pursue talent, peak experiences,
creativity and personal growth.
Herzberg's Two factors theory:
According to this this theory there are generally two factor which motivate employees at
workplace as well as it will help in avoiding situation of violence and psychological stress
among the employees i.e. motivation factor and hygiene factor. Motivation factor will encourage
staffs to work hard for attaining goal as well as objective and this will also help them in avoiding
stress situation that leads to workplace violence. On the hand hygiene factor is define as situation
in which are related to environment or surrounding of workplace. This will also leads to avoid
violence and psychological stress at workplace because if their ineffective environment then
employees get irritated which leads to violence as well as stress.

By adopting Maslow's Hierarchy of need theory and Herzberg's Two factors theory
manager able to avoid situation of workplace violence as well as psychological stress in effective
and impressive manner.
Q4) As per your opinion, motivation theory essential for overcoming impact of workplace-
violence and psychological stress on employees?
As per manager's point of view, motivation is defined as one of the important factor that
directly influence individual needs and desires. As it positively impact on workers behaviour by
motivating them towards the set goals and objectives as well. Mainly, motivation is based on
employees emotions and achievement of related goals and objectives. If employees are enough
motivated then they easily reduce their stress and make working area positive and healthy as
well. This will improve their efficiency level to perform their best at workplace. As employee
motivation is one of the critical aspect at workplace which directly leads to the overall
performance of company and its workforce also. Thus, it is crucial for management of company
to motivate their employees needs as per continuous basis. It may directly improve the employee
engagement at workplace through which each and every workers may positively share their
relation and build positive work environment. It also allows management to meet their set goals
and objectives by removing any kind of issues or risk at workplace. In business organization,
motivated employees leads to increased overall productivity that allow firm to attain higher level
of output. Workplace violence and psychological stress is the major issue faced by workers at
workplace as it negatively impact on their mind set and working abilities as well. For attaining
the same, manager of the company use various motivational theories such as Maslow's Hierarchy
of need theory, Herzberg's Two factors theory and many more. With the use of this, manager can
motivate and encourage them towards the working activities. If they are motivate towards their
goals and activities then they doesn't feel any kind of stress at workplace. This is the main reason
that management of company may use better motivation at workplace to make them productive
and efficient towards the goals and objectives. This will directly enhance their productivity level
and attain their predetermined goals and objectives. In this context, Maslow's Hierarchy of need
theory is one of the effective by which manager of company can motivate their workers by
fulfilling their basis needs and demands at workplace. It may help them in improving their
engagement with organisational objectives and at the same time also attain their target in
stipulate time frame. By providing them all the necessary resources and positive work

environment they can easily manage their stress and workplace violence. With the assistance of
this, company can easily enhance their performance. Furthermore, motivation is also consider as
a powerful tool that refers to reinforce behaviour and also triggers the attitude to continue by
reducing the chances of arising any kind of issues at workplace. As motivation is a internal
driver that used to satisfy unsatisfied need that may support them in attaining certain goals and
objectives. One of the main advantage of using motivational theories is to develop employees
engagement, maintain better coordination among team members, provide better satisfaction
towards the job activities and so on. All these are positively impact on job satisfaction and also
prevent from low performance at workplace.
Q5) What are the types of motivation used for overcoming psychological stress and
workplace-violence within ChopCut Limited and ABC limited?
As per the manager's point of view, motivation is one of the important aspects for
workers because it help in improving their performance and at the same time also influence
individuals to provide needs and desire that strongly impact on the overall behaviour of workers.
Mainly, it includes needs, ambitions, desires and many more. Achievement motivation is also
based on attaining success at working area. In this regards, there are different type motivation
that used by the company for overcoming psychological stress and workplace violence within the
company are as follows:
 Intrinsic Motivation: It is one of the important type of motivation in which employees
being motivated by internal desires. Thus, it is important for individual to get a better
promotion because self-improvement is one of the effective and major joy of learning.
Along with this, it is also engage in a behaviour that arise from within the individual or
workers as well.
 Extrinsic Motivation: It is refers to the things that is based on external rewards in which
employees get incentives, expectation and many more. It is related to the money, fame,
grades, praise and so on. All these are may aid in motivating workers at workplace that
may support them in reducing their stress level. With the assistance of this, employees
enhance their performance level within the organisation.
 Reward based Motivation: Incentive motivation is type of motivation that used when
employees feels that they will be a reward once and goals is achieved. Thus, it is crucial

for management of company to provide rewards to their workers as per their
performance. This will improve their performance level of the employees at workplace.
 Fear based Motivation: This type of motivation can be negative but not every time. In
this regards, when employee set goals and achievement knows that accountability is
consider as a huge role in attaining the same. Mainly, this type of motivation is extremely
powerful as it strong enough to prevent them from quitting. This will improve their
productivity level and also eliminate issue related with the stress and workplace -
violence.
 Achievement based Motivation: For every workers, titles, positions, roles towards the
jobs is important. As it is important for company to provide incentives motivations that is
based on the rewards that is come after a set goals is met. It will contribute in enhancing
chances of developing motivation towards the company and its set activities as well.
 Attitude Motivation: This type of motivation is effective as it help employees to recover
and move forward properly. As it also comes to those who intensely desire to change the
way. Along with this, goals associated with self-awareness and self change will directly
met with attitude motivation of workers. In this manager of the company is responsible
for giving them better guidance and also make them able to enhance their ability to
perform their best at workplace.
Q6) According to you, psychological stress and workplace violence impacted on
profitability and performance of ChopCut Limited and ABC limited?
According to the manager's point of view psychological stress and workplace violence
are directly impact on the overall performance of the company because it is related with the
employees and their performance as well. If workers are less motivated and also face workplace
violence then they fail in attaining their set goals and objectives. This will negatively impact on
the overall performance of the company and its employees activities as well. Mainly,
psychological stress is related to signs to look for, ways to help in managing stress of employees.
As it is based in feeling of strain and pressure that faced by workers at working area. This will
negatively impact on the performance level of employees and at the same time also demotivate
them. This the major reason that it affect efficiency level of workers in which they perform their
task activities. As overall image of company is highly based on employees performance. If they
doesn't perform well and feel stressed at workplace then it adversely impact on overall image of

the company and at the same time also reduce its profitability level as well. Thus, it is necessary
for employees to keep their mind calm and think positive towards their activities so that they can
easily enhance heir efficiency level. With the help of this, they can improve the possibilities of
attaining best suitable results in most effective manner. On the other side, workplace violence is
relate to the act or threat of physical violence, harassment and another disruptive behaviour that
faced by employees at workplace. It directly affect the involvement of workers and at the same
time also make them demotivated towards the working area and activities. Furthermore, it is kind
of incident where in workers are abused, threatened either by people from outside and within the
company. This will increase employees dissatisfaction of employees towards the job post. It is
consider as one of the major issue in-front of company and its workers that negatively influence
their working abilities within the firm. Due to this, company fail in attaining their targets and
also reduce their profitability level at market place. Both issues are make workers less efficient
towards their goals in which they fail in attaining the same to improve their performance. By
this, employees face issues elated to the negative working environment and also creates conflicts
among all the workers present at workplace. Thus, it is important for business organization to
provide positive and safe working area so that employees can easily perform their task. It help
them in maintaining better relationship with staff members. The main advantage of managing
psychological stress and workplace-violence is to develop positive relation with workforce that
may positively impact on increasing profitability level of the company at market place. It also
may help in retaining workers within the firm.
Q7) What are the role would be played by ChopCut Limited and ABC limited in
overcoming impact of psychological violence and workplace stress?
Q8) Implementation of performance appraisal system help ChopCut Limited and ABC
limited to overcome impact of workplace stress?
Q9) As per your view point, does training and development support in reducing stress
within working environment of ChopCut Limited and ABC limited?
Q10) As per your opinion, does implementation of innovation help in overcoming
psychological stress and workplace-violence in working environment of ChopCut Limited
and ABC limited?
Q11) What are the ways used by company to maintain positive relation among employees
at workplace?

Q12) According to you, external factor of business organisation help employees to reduce
their stress within working environment of company?
Q13) Provide any recommendations to ChopCut Limited and ABC limited about how to
overcome Employee's workplace stress and psychological violence.
◦ Observation: It is another type of research method which is not need direct
interaction between an investigator and the subject matter under observation. In this
technique of primary research, the investigator mainly evaluate the responses from
respondents about the subject.
◦ Online survey: Now days, different umber of investigators, gather data from
respondents by applying online survey. These type of surveys are applied friendly and
can be occupied online and by sending emails. It can be accessed of different
handheld devices including, tablets, smartphones and similar devices.
Justification: Above discussed all sources of primary data are essential, but in order to analysis
effects of physiological stress and work-related violence on profitability of an organisation,
questionnaire will be consider most suitable and useful techniques (Brannen, 2017). It will assist
a researcher to identify research problems and solutions to overcome such problem.
 Techniques for secondary research: There are various techniques of secondary research
method which are determine as under:
◦ Information available on the internet: It identifies as an effective technique for
collecting secondary information about the topic. Internet is consider best technique
which hold lot of data used by an enterprise according to their research needs.
Nevertheless, company should be cognisant that authentic data can only be
accumulated from trusted websites.
◦ Public libraries: It also consider as a good sources for secondary research which will
help an investigator to accumulate in-depth information about the topic. Mainly, they
have accumulation of government publications, business directories along with
market newsletters and statistics.
◦ Government and non-goverment agencies: They are also reliable and accurate
sources of information for secondary research (Daudt, van Mossel and Scott, 2013).
These type of agencies are repository of relevant and valuable national and global
level information that can be applied by enterprise.

◦ Literature Review: It is also identify as an effective and best source for collecting
secondary information about the influence of work-related stress and physiological
stress on profitability of ChopCut Limited & ABC Limited. This sources will help a
researcher in gathering in-depth and appropriate information about the study.
◦ Books/Journals/Articles: These are also identify as a best sources for accumulating
in-depth and proper information about the study. All these sources give accurate and
reliable information in form of numbers, figures, facts etc.

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