Psychology: Normal and Abnormal Behaviour, Psychological Influences and Perspectives on Health

This essay discusses normal and abnormal behaviour, psychological influences and perspectives on health in the context of psychology. It also covers mental health conditions from both carer and service users perspectives and the causes of mental health illness from varied perspectives.

PSYCHOLOGY

Table of Contents
ESSAY.............................................................................................................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

ESSAY
Psychology refer to scientific study of individual mind and behaviour, it includes
the analysis of unconscious and conscious phenomena, including thoughts and feeling
regarding specific thing (Moghaddam, 2021). The current study will shed lights one
normal and abnormal behaviour and psychological influences as well as perspectives
on health. It also specifies mental health conditions from both carer and service users
perspectives. The study justifies cause of mental health illness from varied perspectives
such as medical, cognitive, humanistic, psychodynamic, and behavioural.
Normal and abnormal behaviour-
Normal behaviour is defined as an attribute or nature of individual that conforms
to social norms, that are usually patterns of individuals behaviour in any society or
community (Khaksefidi, Ghalehnovi and De Brito, 2021). This form of behaviour may
represent optimal functioning and development of a person consistent with long term
well-fare and growth of a person. Therefore, individual may have average amount of
personality stability, intelligence, and social adaptability, that falls under the term of
normal behaviour. This kind of behaviour may put positive impact on growth and well-
being of human in several manners such as in term of developing their mind and enable
to build good relation with others in society, which is quite essential for them to do so.
While, abnormal behaviour refer to practice or any kind of action to harm others,
unconsciously, that may put adverse impact on individual, who live around a person to
have abnormal behaviour (Arifoglu, Wang and Bouchachia, 2021). It is fact that this
term is considered as psychological concept for action that may fall outsider of sphere
of what is recognized normative in specific community or society. Behavioural disorder
may have a several of causes, that might be tracked back to family, biological and
academic related factors.
Psychological influence and perspectives on health-
There number of factors or forces exist in the world that put direct impact on
health, either in positive or negative manner (Ito and et.al., 2022). It can be said that
psychological forces may influence or impact on health that lead to decrease the way a
person live their life normally. When individuals take too much stress for their lives and
other things it may affect negatively upon their health and make them ill. Hostility,

hopelessness, depression, job control, etc. are those factors that are associated with
physical as well as mental health (Zhou and et.al., 2022). It is quite essential for a
person to keep themselves away from any stress full environment, where they may feel
uncomfortable or unhappy, as it directly impact their health in negative term. Due to this
affect, they may face the worst situation such as loneliness, weak, and ill. Everyone in
the world, want to be happy and expect to take pleasure of their life journey, that is full
of surprises. Thus, any unpredictable situation or circumstance, that make people stress
or depress impact on health in drastic manner.
In term of perspectives, health is defined as state of complete well-being,
including emotional, mental and physical (Wang and et.al., 2022). This term
emphasizes significance of being more than disease or disorder free, and considered a
healthy body rely upon a stable mind and healthy circumstances around a person or
group of people. Happiness, hopes and other normal activity conduct by a person may
in turn lead to improve their health, which is quite essential for them to do so. Mental
stability as psychological perspective affect positively upon health, it may boost the
morale and confidence level of individual regarding strategic activities that they tend to
conduct or plan for the same in the future that in turn provide key outcomes to them. It is
fact that negative psychological perspective on health specify the mental illness of
individual that put adverse impact on their live and living standard. It may lead to
decrease their performance and productivity level in the context personal or
professional activities that a person is responsible to conduct in systematic manner.
Normal or abnormal behaviour or mental state, affect health, whether it is mental or
physical.
Mental health conditions from service users & carers perspectives-
Mental illness refer to mental health disorder that specify a specific mental health
situation of a person. Dementia is the best example of mental health situation that put
negative impact on health and well-being of human as they face challenges
remembering thing (Park, Perumean-Chaney and Bartolucci, 2022). The chosen mental
health condition utilized to define a group of symptoms that affect memory, social and
thinking abilities of individuals that may badly enough to interfere with daily live. It is not
a particular disease, but varied diseases may cause dementia. In perspectives of

service user, this mental health condition may create several issues for them to survive
in the world. As it may lead to decrease the way they may take approach to
communicate or collaborate with others in the society, community or family. It may put
adverse impact on health in form of frustration or making a person frustrate. It is fact
that a person with dementia mostly become a family centre of attention, as each and
every person may focus on their activity and practice that may affect others in negative
manner.
Carers in the field of nursing or health care sector, plays significant role in form of
providing the best medical care treatment to patients, according to the health issues that
they are facing. In view of carer, dementia is one of the worst mental health disorder,
because it affects human health in negative manner in several terms (Hudson and et.al.,
2022). It may create challenge for them and family of patient with dementia in form of
care-giving that is full of risk such as abnormal reaction from a person with current
mental health condition. According to carer perspectives, it is important of individual with
dementia, may take appropriate and suitable treatment, instead of avoiding the
symptoms of disorder that impact their health and overall life in negative term forever
(Merl and et.al., 2022). It is fact that person with dementia, deal with depression and
high stress as they attempt to remember things, which is not that easy for them to do
that. These kinds of people's may experience hallucination that lead to extreme anxiety,
paranoia and panic. It makes them anger quickly and sad at the same time because of
not recognizing things that they want to say or tend to do.
Cause of mental health illness from several perspectives-
Number of reasons behind a specific mental health illness such as dementia
accessible in the world that make a person unable to live life normally. In regard to
medical perspective, inappropriate diet, high depression, smoking, head trauma,
diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors, are the main causes of dementia, that impact
human health and the effectiveness of their life. According to the same perspective,
dementia is a clinical syndrome that is characterized by the international cognitive
impairment that may represent a decline from earlier extent of functioning.
The medical health condition in the health sector is defined from different
perspectives, such as psychodynamic, cognitive, behavioural and humanistic.

Psychodynamic perspective may originate with work of Sigmund Freud (Van Assche
and et.al., 2022). According to this perspective, dementia state as abnormal behaviour
that develop in form of lack of mind stability or any damage to nerve, that lead to
decrease the mind stability of a person.
Behavioural perspectives-
This form of perspective or view regarding specific thing such as mental health
condition like dementia concentrate on learning attribute. It is fact that psycho-logic and
behavioural symptoms of chosen disease include, delusions, anxiety, apathy,
depression, agitation, irritability and aggression. All these symptoms are not good for
the health of a person as it drive towards more depressive live that impact negatively,
upon their behaviour.
Cognitive perspective-
Dementia is a loss of cognitive functioning according to the cognitive perspective,
including thinking, reasoning and remembering to such an extent that it interferes with
day to day activities and daily life. This form of perspective may concentrate on mental
or psychological procedures like thinking, memory, decision-making, etc. Dementia is
one of those mental disorder that impact on each of these activities in negative term.
Humanistic perspective-
It can be said that the humanistic perspective or view may emphasize the role of
motivation in behaviour or thought (Pattyn and Hacker, 2022). In humanistic point of
view, dementia as mental health situation impact on individuals' person life for longer
time, till their demise, because it may enable them to loss hope to live a normal life like
others.
On the basis of above discussion, it has been summarized that dementia has
affected individual health and well-being in negative manner. Individual person had
different perspective regarding the chosen health issue that lead to decrease the
effectiveness or efficiency of human to remind or remember anything. Furthermore,
from above analysis, it has been concluded that high stress level, diabetes and other
diseased had put negative impact on mental health of person and lead to decrease their
mental stability.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Arifoglu, D., Wang, Y. and Bouchachia, A., 2021. Detection of dementia-related
abnormal behaviour using recursive auto-encoders. Sensors. 21(1). p.260.
Hudson, G and et.al., 2022. Investigation of Carers’ Perspectives of Dementia
Misconceptions on Twitter: Focus Group Study. JMIR aging. 5(1). p.e30388.
Ito, A and et.al., 2022. A concept analysis of psychological safety: Further
understanding for application to health care. Nursing Open. 9(1). pp.467-489.
Khaksefidi, S., Ghalehnovi, M. and De Brito, J., 2021. Bond behaviour of high-strength
steel rebars in normal (NSC) and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC).
Journal of Building Engineering. 33. p.101592.
Merl, H and et.al., 2022. Truth, hope and the disclosure of a dementia diagnosis: A
scoping review of the ethical considerations from the perspective of the person,
carer and clinician. Dementia. p.14713012211067882.
Moghaddam, F. M., 2021. The psychology of bureaucracy: A normative account
inspired by Rom Harré. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour. 51(2).
pp.215-231.
Park, H. G., Perumean-Chaney, S. E. and Bartolucci, A. A., 2022. Exploring Factors
Associated With Successful Nonpharmacological Interventions for People With
Dementia. Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders. 21(1). pp.1-16.
Pattyn, B. and Hacker, P., 2022. Personhood, Identity and Autonomy. Dementia and
Society. p.45.
Van Assche, L and et.al., 2022. Different Perspectives on Dementia. Dementia and
Society. p.1.
Wang, Y and et.al., 2022. The Formation Mechanism of Trust in Patient from Healthcare
Professional’s Perspective: A Conditional Process Model. Journal of Clinical
Psychology in Medical Settings. pp.1-13.
Zhou, K and et.al., 2022. The mediator role of resilience between psychological
predictors and health-related quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a cross-
sectional study. BMC cancer. 22(1). pp.1-8.

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