Psychology

Running Head: PSYCHOLOGY
Psychology
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1Psychology
Humanistic theory is the perspective which emphasizes on the concept of concepts
like stresses such as, self-efficacy, free will and self-actualization. Along with that the
humanistic theory also highlights aiming at a whole individual. Instead of concentrating on
the dysfunction, the approach of humanistic psychology attempts to assist people in fulfilling
their potential as well as maximizing the well-being of an individual. Several psychologists
such as Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers have provided different theories regarding the
humanistic perspective (Schneider et al. 2016). Among them, the humanistic theory provided
by the Carl Rogers has been discussed in this essay.
Psychodynamic theory is a psychological theory which explains behaviour and
personality of an individual with respect to the various conscious and the unconscious forces,
including beliefs and desires. Psychodynamic theory mainly deals with experiences of an
individual during their childhood which plays an important role in shaping the overall
personality (Demorest 2014). The psychodynamic perspective has been originated by
Sigmund Freud which has been explained in the essay.
Development and reasoning behind the theory of the two researchers:
Carl Rogers has given a theory of personality for humanistic which emphasizes on the
significance of the tendency of self- actualization which is responsible in forming the self-
concept. His views regarding the development of the personality of an individual is different
from that of other psychologists. According to him, self-actualization or self-tendency of an
individual is responsible in forming the personality and behavioural trait of an individual
(Ismail and Tekke 2015). He have developed the humanistic theory to explain such concepts.
Sigmund Freud has given the psychodynamic theory of the personality of individual
where he has explained about the involvement of different stages in the personality
development of a person. There are several theories regarding the personality development

2Psychology
given by various psychologists. In similar way, according to Freud conflict between the
different parts of the mind (ego, superego) is responsible for the personality development of
an individual (Butz 2018). Hence in order to explain his view regarding the personality
development, he developed the psychodynamic theory of personality.
Meaning of the theory and explanation of the growth of people’s personality:
According to the Carl Rogers, in his humanistic theory of personality, each and every
individual exist in the constantly changing world full of different experiences, being the
centre of it. Carl Rogers focussed on the potential of an individual. According to him the
individuals responsible for growth are referred to as the development of personality and
behavioural trait. In addition, he has also contributed to the understanding of personality and
self. According to him, self-actualization act as a base in forming the personality of an
individual. He believed that each individual constantly react to the stimulus and their
phenomenal field which is the subjective reality of an individual. In his theory he explained
that, humans have developed an ideal self and real self (Serlin and Criswell 2014). Both of
these self-actualization concepts are based on conditional status of the positive regard. He
stated that a fully functional individual could achieve a quality life where he/she constantly
intends to fulfil their own potential and eventually allows their own personality to develop
from their gained experiences.
Psychodynamic theory has been given by Sigmund Freud, where he explained that
personality of an individual usually develops by means of different stages. Each of the stage
is characterized by certain psychological internal conflict. According to him, there are
different components of the mind such as, ego, id and the superego. There is continuous
conflict among the different components of the mind which helps on forming the personality
and behaviours of the individual. Id is one of the most primitive of all the three components