(PDF) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
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Added on 2021-04-24
(PDF) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Added on 2021-04-24
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Running head: PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH PAPERPsychology Research Report
1PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH PAPERPsychoanalysis can be defined as a set of theories and therapy techniques that isconcnered with the study of the unconscious mind of an individual. This style of therapy can beused to treat the psychological issues of an individual. Psychoanalysis was founded by aneminent neurologist of Austria named Sigmund Freud in the early 1900s. According to theconcept of Psychoanalysis, the ‘ID’ is the personality component that comprises energy to satisfybasic desires and needs. The ‘Ego’ is related to reality that creates balaence between pleasure andpain. Finally, the ‘Super Ego’ is the concept related to morality that enables controlling onceimpulses. .According to psychoanalytic theory, these thoughts, memories and desires are theorigins of many mental issues. Psychoanalytic therapy helps an individual to gain insight andawareness to the unconscious forces that contribute to their mental illness. In this report, acritical analysis of the thesis statement ‘Psychoanalysis was a product of gender inequality.Specifically,psychoanalysis was conceived from Freud’s observations of male dominance,and social norms that dictated a woman’s role of servatute during that time'. This reportwill critically analyze how Freud had linked Psychoanalysis to feminism.Freud (1856-1939) gave the idea about his revolutionary theory on psychoanalysis in thelate 19th century and he played a role in emphasizing the importance of the unconscious mind andits role in affecting behavior patterns and mental health. He paid attention to the unconsciousmind after establishingthe connection with social issues of the time. For example, theunconscious feelings of guilt was ignored. If a woman strayed from the social norms of the time,she would be discriminated against. For example, if a woman had feelings for another man, shewould have to repress these feelings – which causes guilt. These unconscious feelings of guiltwere ignored in that time. Although intrapsychic conflict also played a role in emotionaldisturbance, however such aspect was marginalized in the 1900s (Mitchell & Black,
2PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH PAPER2016).Women were oppressed due to the conservative mentality of society. Compared to today,society during Freurd’s time was less equal for women. Therefore, because a woman’s role wasmore restricted, and they were more likely not restrict themselves to acceptable gender roles(Butler, 2012).So a woman would have to express themselves in socially acceptable ways tocope with the repression.The development of psychoanalytic theory was also influenced by gender inequalityissues in the 1900s. Freud emphasized gender differences in personality development by statingthat family dynamics have an impact on individuals at a subconscious level, and this contributesto the development of internal gender identities (Freeman, 2008). Hence, the psychoanalyticideas of that time gave importance to the role of the father in childhood development. Thisconcept can be regarded as a product of the culture at that time because of the existence ofpatriarchal society. Back in the 1900s, the symbolic power of the father was high. From thisperspective, it can be said that psychoanalysis is a patriarchal discourse as it regarded father asthe figure of authority (Diamond, 2017). In terms of cultural factors, the traditional familystructure of the past also influenced the psychoanalytic concepts (Smith, 2017). The difference inthe experiences of a boy and a girl in a family was the reason for the origin of sexual inequality(Bell, 2018). In those times, boys were compelled to stay away from their mothers and stay closeto their father in order to identify social powers of the patriarchic society, girls were allowed tostay with their mother to develop a symbiotic sense of self in relation to their mother. The above-mentioned experiences of childhood deeply imposed an impact on the unconscious mind of boththe male and female genders. According to the researcher, due to detachment from the motherduring childhood, men were better prepared to deal with the world and public life (Carter, 2014).
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