Reducing the Impact of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

This document discusses the methods to reduce the impact of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and explores the strengths and weaknesses of different study designs and methods. It also provides insights on how to answer the research question and introduces qualitative methods like phenomenology and ethnography.

Public Health
(Assessment -2)

Contents
Summary..........................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
ASSESMENT TASK 2....................................................................................................................4
PICO Research Question: How to reduce the impact of Deep Vein thrombosis (DVT).................4
PICO research question...............................................................................................................4
Way to answer the research question .........................................................................................4
Strengths and weaknesses of study designs and methods...........................................................7
Study design will work best based on the strengths and weaknesses above...............................7
Types of qualitative methods .....................................................................................................7
PHENOMENOLOGY.................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

Summary
Deep Vein thrombosis is a condition in which person will face serious issues or problem
due to blood clot form the veins that are located with in individual body. It is essential for a
person to reduce the impact of Deep Vein thrombosis with the motive of living more health life
style. This blood clots typically from thigh or lower leg but there are chances that they can also
develop with in other areas of person body. There are different methods and approaches that
could be consider with the motive of reducing impact of Deep Vein thrombosis. It is essential
researcher to select correct and accurate approach that will help in finding appropriate
information about the topic. Researcher needs to focus on the challenges faced by patients
suffering from Deep Vein thrombosis along with this recommended strategies has been analysed
that will help in reducing its effect Deep Vein thrombosis. Data and information have been
collected form different sources in order to find the correct information so that problem of the
research can be successfully and effectively resolved. In this, research question has been
answered in appropriate way with the assistance of gathering information for authenticated
sources. This is helpful in increasing the authentication and trustworthy of the data in order to
effectively and efficiently conducting research practise. Data collection and analysis can be
describe as the way in which researcher is finding and assembling information that will assist
correctly conducting research practices along with help in finding the most effective solution to
deal with the issues of Deep Vein thrombosis. Data collection method is classified into primary
and secondary sources that includes their own advantages and disadvantages. Researcher needs
to consider both primary and secondary sources of data collection with the motive of finding
accurate information as well as timely completion of the research project.
INTRODUCTION
Deep Vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious disease that is caused due to the formation of
Blood clot in the veins most commonly in legs area. A blood clot is a clump of blood which
takes the form of solid state. The blood clot can partially or completely the blood flow in the
veins which causes swelling and other effects on the body (Strauss 2019). This report explains
the research on Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and its implications in respect to other diseases.
This report also defines the challenges faced by patients suffering from DVT and some
recommended strategies to reduce its effect. DVT is also known as Venous Thrombosis.

ASSESMENT TASK 2
PICO Research Question: How to reduce the impact of Deep Vein thrombosis
(DVT)
PICO research question
There are various methods and ways that could be used by researcher to correctly and
appropriately answer the PICO research question as well as gathering more information. It is
important that researcher is considering correct and accurate way that will assist in enhancing
overall performance of the researcher along with this collect information. Research question
needs to be answered in appropriate way by gathering information for authenticated sources
(Garfin, Silver and Holman, 2020). There are number of ways and approaches that will assist
researcher to successfully gather information as well as use appropriate data in order to find
answer of the PICO research questions. Research methodology can be describing as the way of
gathering and collecting data form different sources with the motive of resolving problems. It is
essential to identify pros and cons of different methods and research design in order to select
most significant way of finding information. Researcher can consider primary and secondary
methods for collecting information. Data collection is refer to the process of finding and
selecting the data that will assist in resolving research problems as well as answer the question of
research. Primary and secondary methods both are very useful and effective approaches or
method for gathering information (Madani, Kammer and Karimi, 2020). It is essential for
researcher to identify strength and weakness of research method in order to determine the most
suitable option for gathering information. Primary data can be describe as the way of gathering
and assembling first hand data. In this researcher is collecting information that have never been
collected or used before. Due to this researcher of primary data is consider as the owner of
information (Pareek and et.al., 2020).
Way to answer the research question
Primary research method can be describe as the technique that is applied by researcher to
accumulate the information expressly, rather than depending on a generally open data from
different sources. The Primary information assortment strategies incorporate reviews, surveys,
poll structures, center gatherings, examination, and so on. Researcher will gathers information
clearly in this philosophy and is likewise the holder of information which assembled. This helps

with the assortment of information that is expected to meet particular and novel necessities.
There are two principal sorts of primary information that are descriptive and exploratory.
Exploratory work is essentially open finished and is accordingly not aimed at explicit results or
information (Wilder-Smith and Freedman, 2020). Descriptive is very engaged and afterward
used to determine issues. There are different strength and weakness of primary data and it will
lead to have direct impact on overall performance of the researcher. It is essential that
investigator is consider advantages and disadvantages before analysing and collecting
information as it will assist in better decision making. the major advantages of primary method
of data collection includes that it is helpful for gathering more authenticated and correct
information. Through this researcher is able to gather relevant information which is significant
for decision making as well as finding correct answer of PICO research question. Primary
information is considering as explicit to the requirements of the analyst right now of information
assortment. The researcher can control the sort of information that is being gathered. Through
primary method of data collection researcher is able to gather needed and specific information
which is required by researcher (Pareek and et.al., 2020). It is beneficial for controlling the data
which has been collected by researcher. It is precise contrasted with optional information. The
information isn't exposed to individual predisposition and as such the legitimacy can be trusted.
The researcher will display responsibility for information gathered through essential exploration.
The individual may decide to make it accessible openly, patent it, or even sell it. The major
advantage of primary method of data collection is that researcher will take the responsibility of
collected information. Primary data is for the most part exceptional on the grounds that it gathers
information continuously and doesn't gather information from old sources. The researcher of
primary data has full authority over the information gathered through essential examination
(Dinsdale and et.al, 2020). Researcher can choose which plan, strategy, and information
examination strategies to be utilized. There are various disadvantages and cons of primary data
such it is very expensive method of gathering information and it will require more resources to
gather or collect appropriate information. Researcher will require more time and cost in order to
successfully and correctly gather information through the method of primary data. In this
method it is essential that researcher have significant amount to time in order to gather and
analyse information. Primary method of data collection is very long and time consuming process
which needs to be accurate scope of time to assemble information and gather correct data.

Primary data is not feasible approach in some cases. Because it is very complex way of gathering
information as well as required commitments.
Another method of gathering information and data is secondary method. This is significant
method for collecting information and data from the sources that have be gathered in primary
data. secondary research method is also consider as desk research and it involve the information
of primary data (Rojas-Rueda and et.al., 2020). In this type of research method, investigation is
done by using data previously amassed, gathered, masterminded and recently delivered, this
investigation is named auxiliary examination. This covers government organization studies and
overviews, business distributions, online distributions, diaries, and connections to libraries.
Researcher is able to gather information and data from the already collected data. It consist of
sources such as books, journals, business paper, government documents and many other sources.
It is easy for researcher to gather or collect information from these sources as it will assist in
successfully or effectively collect information. In this research method, the data that this work
accumulates are not exact, and it may or probably won't be as vital. Investigation practices will
accordingly depends to a more serious level on dependability of information gathered. This
research method is quick cycle and information that has just been altogether tried (Jones,
Lindberg and Witwer, 2020). As a few information are now available, utilization of optional
information or figures is modest. In order to find the answer of PICO research question,
investigator can consider secondary research practices as it will help in providing information
that is available on internet. The major strength of secondary research method it has it is easily
available on different sources as well as reachable for the investigator to gather needed
information. Internet will have large amount of information regarding PICO research question
and it is beneficial for researcher to analyse and evaluate data or information from different
sources in order to gather most relevant and accurate information. This will assist researcher to
find the correct and accurate information that is needed. There are some cons or disadvantages of
secondary research. Due to cons of secondary research, information and data collected by
researcher to find out PICO question cannot be completely trusted. It will have direct influence
over the performance or capability of researcher to find correct or accurate needed information.
Secondary information is readily available on different sources, it is essential for researcher to
evaluate the credibility of information collected with the motive of understanding it authenticity
of the information that is available. There are chances that researcher is not be able to find out

latest information about the topic it is not necessary the all secondary sources of information
provide current or latest statistics or report about the needed topic.
Strengths and weaknesses of study designs and methods
It has been determined that researcher needs to consider secondary method of data collection
as it is effective and useful for identifying information and data about the PICO question
Researcher is considering this method as it is cost effective approach and it will not require more
time as compare to the primary research (Demmler and et.al., 2020). So that method of data
collection will be more relevant and it will assist researcher in saving time and cost in order to
find out information. This will assist researcher in providing information is more systematic and
accurate manner so that answer of PICO question can be find out and determined easily. There
are different types of study design including, descriptive, exploratory and experimental. These
are important and essential research design but according to the given scenario, exploratory type
of research design is more essential and important because it is based on actual situation and
helps in completing of full investigation in systematic manner. on the other hand, exploratory
design is mot help in gathering primary and secondary information in minimum time as it
consumes maximum time and cost.
Study design will work best based on the strengths and weaknesses above
Exploratory design is more valuable and important in doing this study in effective or
systematic manner. exploratory research design is essential and important because it will help in
identifying the actual information about the study. this will be significant in attaining of the
purpose of study within minimum time and in significant manner.
Types of qualitative methods
In this medical research, different type of qualitative methods which are selected includes the
following -
PHENOMENOLOGY
The emphasis on interpreting the phenomenon of concern holistically and in its context is one of
the main strengths of qualitative analysis. The word phenomenology is familiar and generally
adopted, but it has become misleading and faint in its definition (Falck-Ytter and, et al. 2018).
Phenomenology is referred to different by multiple scholars. It may refer to a paradigm of
inquiry, an interpretive theory, a concept, an empirical perspective, a significant tradition of

qualitative analysis or a system of research methods. Both of these approaches share, considering
the variations, the emphasis of phenomenology, which examines how people can make sense of
reality and the importance they offer to these observations. In human sciences, phenomenology
is included, including economics, learning, psychology, healthcare and cell biology (Strauss,
2019).
Phenomenologists are curious as to how the things they observe are put together by humans in a
manner that makes sense of the universe and creates a worldview. In human experience, they
presume commonality and concentrate on denoting as the core of human experience (Guyatt and
et al. 2019). The substance is the core sense mutually understood by a widely encountered
phenomenon.12 Feelings, interactions, a programme, an entity or a community may be the
hypothesis under study.12 Bracketing is one of phenomenology's key theories. It implies that
with an open mind, creativity and insight, the researcher must cast aside all of his assumptions
and his prior knowledge of the phenomenon and tackle the area. While significant, it is
sometimes said that bracketing is a difficult assignment.
ETHNOGRAPHY
The investigator studies the composition and role of a group of persons in ethnography. Kinship
is an explanation of an arrangement or framework, whereas the role refers to structures of
connections that influence and control behaviour (Sobieraj and et al., 2019). The purpose of
ethnographic studies is to offer a holistic view of the social group examined, aiming to explain
aspects of the particular group's new environment. The history of the party, philosophy,
economy, politics or the climate may be some elements. In ethnographic research, data collection
techniques differ, with observation and interviews being the most common methods. Although
some scholars raised regret that the medical profession could exploit or superficially apply
anthropological methods,19 others however, conveyed any need to identify and integrate
methodological triangulation in medical care research (Carrier and Cushman 2018). Savage19
explains that the term epistemology can today be extended to any small-scale social
investigations done out in daily environments and needs Ethnography has been used in health
care in subjects related to wellness attitudes and habits, encouraging those concerns to be
interpreted in the sense one where they exist and thereby working to improve the awareness of
wellbeing and disease associated activities. Usually, qualitative analysis experiments create very
significant quantities of knowledge that needs to be handled effectively. The quality of data

management can be enhanced by device packages. A means to store and retrieve content is given
by computer programmes (Eikelboom and et.al, 2018). Therefore they are helpful in identifying
events, statements, sentences or even expressions, eliminating the repetitive and time-consuming
"copy pasting" and "part of keeping" methods. However, the use of statistical techniques is
believed to separate the researcher from the data and can take the place of a detailed and
thorough examination. The use of a computer programme will contribute, for example, to
quantitative rather than qualitative analysis, counting events, giving more weight to more regular
events, and ignoring isolated incidences. In comparison, computer systems during the study
period are said to correct and mark categories and the researcher may be unable to modify certain
categories. In general health field research is quantitative and focused on biomedical traditions
and techniques of experimentation (Schleyer and et.al, 2016). Qualitative analysis is criticised in
this area for being vulnerable to participant bias and lack of reproducibility and generalizability.
Partly responsible for this view are scholars discussing their qualitative studies in health-related
studies. The importance of providing an accurate description of their theoretical principles and
techniques used in their study is overlooked by many qualitative researchers. When conducting
qualitative analysis, a systematic method of research is often important (Spencer and et al.,
2017). Qualitative testing rigour involves steps taken at all stages of the research process,
particularly during the compilation and review of data. Several procedures for increasing rigour
in qualitative research have been described. Triangulation, for example, is also used as a means
to verify knowledge.
For data collection, qualitative research methods used include interviews, findings, and
memorability. The most important methods used to obtain analysis knowledge are questions.
There are three kinds of discussions: ordered, semi-structured and unstructured, defined as
structured, educated and directed, respectively, in some books. The semi-structured interview is
most widely used in observational analysis connected to health care. Such an interview is usually
focused on a versatile guide to the subject that presents a loose framework of open-ended
questions to discuss perspectives and attitudes. It has the benefit of great versatility, allowing the
investigator to explore new fields and generate richer results. Moreover it encourages the
researcher to establish a friendship with the sources (Strauss 2019). Semi-structured interviews
evoke the opinions and descriptions of individuals and have the advantage of disclosing
challenges or fears that the interviewer has not anticipated. These are widely used where the

goal is to collect insight about people's viewpoints, understandings and meanings about the
events and experiences of their lives. However in addition to the complexities of the study
process, this method of interview is believed to limit the researcher's influence over the interview
situation and to take a longer time to perform and analyse. Some critical thinkers are hesitant to
prepare a study design in advance of the collection of data. They claim that it is important to first
discover the phenomena studied and characterise their design as evolving. However before
beginning the data collection, far more qualitative researchers seem prepared to identify a study
issue and establish an interview guide (Bradley, Curry and Devers, 2015). Patton describes an
interview schedule as a set of topics or general interview questions that the investigator is free to
discuss and examine with the interviewee. The advantage of an interview guide is that it allows
the interviewer to pursue As a facilitator for future study, the results of earlier studies are
gradually being used. However, ideas derived from previous work should be kept loosely and
subject to the researcher's revision or rejection, especially as a result of new formulation or
denial. In qualitative analysis, sampling methods are primarily determined by the study's intent.
In qualitative analysis, statistical representativeness is not regarded as a prime criterion and is not
usually pursued. In addition, it is more time intensive and difficult to gather qualitative data,
which makes the use of a probability survey impractical. In qualitative analysis, the purpose of
sampling is to classify particular classes of persons that exhibit traits or reside in environments
related to the phenomenon being studied. In this way, it is anticipated that established informants
can allow enriched exploration of research-relevant attitudes and behavioural aspects. The above
is demonstrated by two samples used in descriptive approach, maximum variance and
homogeneous samples.
In this medical research, qualitative method is used for analysing the DVT disease. It is helpful
for knowing all the factors that cause this disease and what are the various ways to manage it.
Findings show that medical education is often insufficient and adversely affects the participation
of patients in the prevention of VTE. The efficacy of the avoidance of hospital-associated
thrombosis is likely to be optimised by an expanded patient communication campaign integrating
a clear message on the proper use of elastic compression stockings and the definition of VTE
symptoms. In order to enhance individual patient education, physicians can use the findings of
this report. Patient participation is a significant part of care facility thrombosis (HAT)
prevention, but to date, much of the emphasis on HAT prevention has been on the application of

the venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention approach by health providers and related
findings, and there is no awareness of the expectations and perspectives of HAT prevention by
patients. HAT can occur up to 90 days after starting treatment, and patients are known to be at
elevated risk during this period, with most HAT cases occurring after discharge.1 A large
proportion of hospitalised children at risk of VTE are discharged with mechanical prophylaxis
(usually antiembolism) with recent patterns towards better rehabilitation and early hospital
disposal after operation. In addition, the researcher must master the programming software,
which can contribute to the time and commitment that he or she has to expend on the research
project. The prosecutor must therefore be mindful of the shortcomings of computer systems.
Although computer packages can assist with the extensive study process and the handling of vast
data sets, they are not a replacement for data absorption and detailed information that can helps
the student to make observations, recognise trends and establish interpretations.6 There are
numerous programs available: the most widely used are Ethnograph, Atlas and NUD.IST. QSR
NVivo is a new product developed by NUD.IST distributors that is more user-friendly, better
suitable and more physically pleasing than existing kits for individual projects.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that Deep Vein thrombosis is one of the
serious issue that could lead to cause pain to patient. It is essential that correct method and
treatment has been consider the patient in order to overcome with the issues of Deep Vein
thrombosis as well as live better and health lifestyle. It has been analysed that there are different
methods and approaches that are supportive in order to find the correct and accurate information
about the topic. It has been identified that primary method of data collection helps in finding
appropriate information that is relevant to the topic as well as this information is collected form
the first time. There are some benefits of considering secondary methods of collecting
information in less time. Through this method of data collection researcher is able to save lots of
time and cost which lead to provide major benefits to society.

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