Principles & Practice of Public Health and Health Promotion

This report covers various approaches that help to improve the quality of life and improves the well-being also. In this, it will also cover the interventions of the health promotions and its prevention.

Principles & Practice of Public Health and
Health Promotion

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
PART 1...................................................................................................................................3
PART 2...................................................................................................................................6
PART 3...................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Health is generally defined as a state of complete mental, social as well as physical well-
being as well as it is not just as an absence of illness. The concept of positive health can
generally contain the understanding about that people can desire their well-being in their own
rights as well as they usually desire it above and beyond the relief of their own suffering. In this,
the health promotions as well as the illness prevention programs can support the people to make
the choices which are healthier for them such as it can decrease the risk of developing the
disability and illness as well. Across the population, it can generally eliminate the well-being
inequalities so as to enhance the quality of life. It can also enhance the availability of the well-
being care and its related care services. In this report, it will cover the various approaches that
helps to improve the quality of life and improves the well-being also. In this, it will also cover
the interventions of the health promotions and its prevention. The interventions can play crucial
role in promoting the health, its longevity as well as its productivity of the society. The
interventions can effectively decrease the human suffering (Bou Monclús and et. al., 2021).
MAIN BODY
PART 1.
The concept of well-being promotions is generally a process which allows the public to
enhance the control over as well as can improve their well-being. The health promotions can
generally move beyond a concentration on an individual behaviour towards a broad range of the
interventions such as environmental as well as social. It involves some values which can
underpin the public well-being practices like social justice, efficiency, an effectiveness,
affordability, equity, active participations, accessibility and so on. These such values are all
about protecting as well as encourage the well-being and preventing the illness. To protect as
well as enhances the well-being, a public health is very much needed. It is identified that the
world health organization founded a health promotion framework so that people can effectively
enhance their health through the public well-being policies, can reshape the surrounding
environments contributing towards better well-being as well as building up the society and their
own skills as well. In order to promote the health, there are various models which can help to
promote the well-being. The theories which can aid such as the health belief models, the social
cognitive theory, the planned behaviour theory, the trans-theoretical model. In addition to this,

the health need assessments are the systematic methods which are used for visualizing the well-
being problems that the public is facing generally leads to the agreed priorities as well as the
resources which are allocated and can leads to reduce the disparities and can enhance the well-
being. In this, the health need assessment can give an opportunity to keep busy with the
particular public and allows them to contribute towards the targeted service planning as well as
allocation of the resources. As it is generally an opportunity for the cross-sectional partnership
working as well as can develop the effective as well as creative interventions. It can generally
recommend the health tool so as to give the evidence about a population on which to plan the
services and can address the well-being disparities. The higher authorities are committed to
decrease the health disparities among the public. The assessment has set a public service
agreement to decrease the well-being disparities by approximately 10%. the assessment tool is a
crucial tool to meet the health objectives as well as it is generally recommended in the various
policy documents to inform the local as well as regional strategic plans. In contrast with UK, the
systematic procedure used by the health care organization as well as the local authorities as a
assessment tool towards the public so that they can assess the well-being issues which they are
generally facing. It can involve the analysis whether the groups can appear more prone towards
the diseases than others (Bulcha and Melakud, 2019).
This can generally the disparities in terms of the service condition. The main purpose of
the health care assessment is to collect the data needed to bring about the modifications that are
important to the public well-being. The concept of gaining the health can be achieved by
reallocating the resources which generally involves the identification of the four main factors
such as the receiver of an ineffective well-being care (involving the releasing of the requirements
of the resources that are not met), the receiver of an inefficient well-being care, service user of an
inappropriate well-being care and, the care providers or the healthcare professionals of beneficial
healthcare interventions. To overcome the health disparities among the population, there has
been develop the approaches which can aid to achieve the healthy lifestyle and these are the
health belief models, behavioural change and many more. In this, the health belief model are the
theoretical models which can be used to guide the well-being promotions as well as illness
prevention programs. These are generally used to illustrates as well as predict the modifications
in the well-being behaviours. As it is the most broadly used approaches to understand the health
behaviours. As per this, there are various criteria which can help to identify the well-being

conditions or issues such as severity of the issues, the requirements in between vulnerable public,
the capacity of the society as well as its ability to act on the problems. There are many health-
related issues which generally occurs in the UK such as obesity, the cardiovascular illness, Air
pollution, Alcohol, Bowel cancer, the mental health issues and many more (Cheater, 2020).
Among the strategies which generally aims to deal with the public well-being issues, the
promotions of the health can purport to aid the public so that they can attain the better well-
being. The well-being promotions involves a specific potential to modify the lifestyle of the
public. This can aim the people to make the healthy choices, an unhealthy choice as well as an
easy choice and it can help the public to modify the health-related behaviours such as more
physical activity, healthy eating, quit smoking and many more. The well—being promotions
generally involves the three main ethical problems such as what are the goals for the public
health practices. It can also involve how goods can be dispersed among the populations, what
means may be used in trying to accomplish as well as can disperse the good. The health
promotions grow many ethical questions containing the questions of the appropriate methods
which might be used in seeking to promote the well-being. It can be understood to mean the most
effective means by accomplishing the desired ends. In this, the promotions of the health
generally include a variety of interventions which are ranging from giving the data through the
educational, the persuasion, building of the norms, the shaping of the existing norms and so on.
The change in the behaviours generally involves the narrower goals of the lifestyle like enhanced
physical activity (Currie, 2020).
It can also involves manipulating the people so as to reach the objectives. As it can
includes the well-being promotions that have specific potential to modify the lifestyles. It can
also hike the questions about the values in the promotions of the well-being. In this, some of the
well-being promotion strategies do not sufficiently respect the rights of the people to self-
determine as well as liberal such as right to make the decisions about people's life as well as
about the most particular problems which make concern about the life. The health information as
well as the promotion sharing are generally not regarded as an intrusive as well as are generally
considered to be an effective. The informing about the well-being threats or the well-being
benefits appears that not to involve the ethical issues. In addition to this, the political impacts
also affect the health promotions. In this, it is not largely funded by the higher authorities but the
very nature of the enterprise can need to shift in power. It is concluded that to ensure that the

good practices well-being promotion professionals generally requires to be aware of these such
impacts on their work.
PART 2.
Obesity generally elevates the developing risk of the host of all illnesses. In the UK, the
population who generally faces the obesity are more at an elevated risk of various cancers
consisting the 3 times more likely to develop the cancer of colon. Approximately more than 2.5
times more prone to elevate the blood pressure which is generally a risk component for the
cardiovascular illness as it is basically a significant health issue that particularly related with all
these. All this happen because of lack of information or the broad gaps among the least as well as
most deprived regions. An excessive weight gain, especially an obesity destruct almost all the
aspects of the well-being leading from the functions of the organs such as respiratory and
reproductive to the moods and the memory as well. The rates of the obesity are generally very
high as well as growing abruptly among the population of the UK. In this, the prevalence as well
as rate of the enhancement are not spread equally among the community and there is a strong
systematic relationship among the obesity as well as deprivation. In females, the rates of the
obesity are quite increased as compared with males. The higher authority has taken few steps to
tackle the leading cause among population, mainly concentrating upon how the National Health
services works with their local authorities and keep busy with the society to deliver the
interventions which are generally targeted to treat as well as can prevent the leading cause of
obesity (Downward, Wicker and Rasciute, 2021).
There are different interventions which can be effective to address the obesity within
large population which can be effective and allow to get better health. There are some of the
interventions that can help to get better impact on individual health which are going to be
discussed further.
Taking limited healthy foods- This is one of the effective way that can allow individual
or large population to take care about their health and body weight. In this, there is need to take
care about the taking food like potatoes, refined grains and sweets, processed meat along with
beverages like sugary drinks. Through getting health food can allow people to get better heath
and allow to reduce the uptake of extra calories food that can lead to accumulation of fat within
body and causes obesity (Graham, 2017).

Increasing physical activity- This is an effective way that can help to reduce the impact
of obesity and lead to lose body weight. This can allow extra calories to get burn and provide
better and effective health. In this, through enhancing the physical activity can allow individual
or large population to take care about their health. Individual should use this intervention
technique achieve better body weight along with health.
Improving sleep- There is risk of getting high body weight due to sleeping for longer
hour or getting less amount of sleep. In this, individual should ensure about taking appropriate
time to sleep can help to achieve better health. This is an effective way and allow to get better
health impact on individual and help to get rid of the obesity.
Using water as replacement- This is the intervention which can be effective and allow
to replace sugar-sweetened beverage that can reduce the energy intake, body weight. In this,
there is need to take water in large amount which allow to get better replacement of sugar-
sweetened beverage that can allow to reduce the energy intake and hence decrease the body
weight. Water replacement can be effective strategy which can be helpful in decrease the
excessive body weight (Jenkins, 2019).
There is need to make awareness about the intervention to attain good health. This can be
effective and help large population to get better health. Through making awareness individual is
able to deal with the negative impact regarding obesity. In this, there is need to take care about
the lifestyle and perform various physical activity which can allow to get better impact on
delivery of quality health. There is need to also ensure about the ethical issues that can lead to
create negative impact on individual that are effective in reducing the risk of obesity. Through
this, they may get allow to take better response regarding achieving better health.
There are number of different health issues which can cause due to getting obese. This is
the one that can impact the large population health and have high negative consequences on
individual health. There are many effective ways to reduce the risk of obesity within large
population where creating awareness is one of the primary and effective way to make people
awareness to take care of their health and minimise their health-related concern and obesity
(Meehan, 2019).
In contrast with the health belief models, the joint levels of the susceptibility as well as
the severity can give the motivation. In this, it may be argued that an individual's perception of
the obesity is quite crucial to prevent the development of the obesity in between the normal

weight in the future prospective. In context with the behaviourism, it generally involves various
components like maintaining the food as well as records of the activity such as self-monitoring,
controlling the evidence linked with the eating, the educations regarding the nutrition, the
physical activity, the cognitive therapy as well as solving the issues. It is analysed that the cause
of obesity is generally ranked third among various illness across the world and become an
economic burden after smoking. It can also involve the consequences for the psychological well-
being and the stigmatization against the public who are obese. In this, the perception is usually
an essential determinant for the behaviour in the health promotion field. It is observed that the
perceptions in between the population's society as well as the professionalism at various levels of
obesity. It involves the social work, the public well-being and prevention which are generally the
risk factors as well as can contributes towards an effective management and prevention strategies
of the obesity. In addition to this, there are several behavioural theories that can presents a
perception which is an essential level of concept in illustrating the choices and the behaviours as
well. The perception of the public or their expectations which are related to the consequences of
the activities that are quite against the situations. It is because these are essential predictor of the
actions of the people as per the theory of social cognitive. The people who are generally obese
can seek the help are quite aware of the obesity being an illness and the factors which are
generally liked with it. In this, it is failed to recognize the cause of obesity which is a risk factor
among the public (Milio, 2021).
These are some of the interventions which are effective and allow to get better health and
reduce the risk of obesity. In this, there is need to ensure that these interventions should be taken
for better delivery of health that allow to reduce the risk of obesity and allow to achieve the good
body weight. These are the interventions which are effective and help to address need and
priorities of specified population and settings.
There is different way which can be helpful to evaluate the impact of intervention of
obesity. This is the one in which through using the monitoring and result can be helpful to
evaluate the impact of intervention of obesity on the large population. This is the one that can
have high impact to measure and evaluate the obesity intervention.
Meta analysis of BMI can be effective and help to provide better information and
evaluation of the impact of intervention. This can allow to get better attraction which are

effective and allow for evaluation of the intervention impact. BMI measurement is effective way
that can help to in getting positive result to focus on the obesity and good body weight.
Monitoring can be effective that can allow to evaluate the intervention of obesity that can
be related with different issues. In this, there is also involvement of ethical issues while taking
care of the individual and their body weight (Bonaventura and Back, 2020).
The care in the theory of behaviourism has several characteristics such as it is goal
directed. In this, it generally specifies very clear goals in terms that it can be easily measured. In
this the specific goals can aid to facilitate a clear assessment of the success. In addition to this,
behaviourism is generally a process-oriented approach as it is more than aiding the people to
decide what to change such as eating, thinking habits and so on. The behaviourism generally aid
the people to identify about how to modify. In this approach, once the goal is specified, the
people are generally supported to analyse the factors which can facilitate or can hinder the
achievements. The behavioural approaches can advocate little instead of big modifications. It is
usually based on the principles of the successive approximation in which the incremental steps
are taken to accomplish the more distant goals. The impact of the interventions such as the
behavioural approach is used to aid the people so that they can develop a set of the skills to
accomplish a healthier weight. There are straightforward guidelines which can aid the people to
enhance their adherence to the behaviours which are essential for controlling the weight (van der
Put and Mandemakers, 2019).
PART 3.
Exhausted? Feeling unhappy? The life can be kind of draining, but it can feel out of sort
which can be miserable to more than just not getting the sufficient amount of nap. May be your
body is not getting the adequate something which it requires to stay healthy as well as feeling
good. Determining the media construction of the leading cause of obesity epidemic is not only
essential for considerate the rising public debate on the cause of obesity. But, can also in the
recognising popular discourse. The popular views on the problems can simply draw on the
stereotypes as well as can present the description of the issues that do not always mirror the
current state of the scientific evidences. While the people can understand of the illness as well as
the well-being that cannot be attributed solely towards the media. Since, the audiences can filter
what they read, what they generally see as well as hear through their personal experiences and
the knowledge as well. It is broadly acknowledged that the media can generally impact over the

beliefs of the people and also their health-related behaviours as well. The most recent
controversy over the safety of the MMR vaccine can generally undermined the confidence as
well as uptake in the vaccines is basically a testimony to the agenda setting which make impact
of the media in specifying the readers what to think about. Therefore, the more news coverage a
problem receives, the more essential the problem may become. In this following way the news
media can play a specific role in spreading as well as shaping the people’s understanding about
the widespread of the obesity. It is the first large scale study of the media which is framing about
the widespread of obesity across the United Kingdom. In the above study, it generally aims to
examine the evolution as well as framing the leading cause or widespread of the obesity over the
past years in the media. In media to determine any of the shift in the coverage of the media or
news about the unintended drivers of as well as the potential solutions towards the widespread of
the obesity (Wu, 2021).
The finding of the social media of the most serious genre are generally more likely to
report on the both societal as well as its solutions than those genres which is perhaps predictable.
But the evidences or the information may be quite useful in informing the designs as well as
targeting of the public well-being promotions campaigns. The positive corelation among the low
socioeconomic status as well as the susceptibility of the leading cause of obesity are generally
well founded. It usually involves the educators as well as the policymakers which must be taken
into account that the media can target at the most vulnerable group who are doing the least to
substitute the attitudes more receptive towards the structural solutions. Furthermore, concurring
with the most recent warnings from the health survey that the upward trend in the obesity may
have reduced in the very most recent years. It is founded that there is downfall in the number of
the social media articles that are generally published about the leading cause of obesity in the last
years. The analysis which is identified as a substantial growth in the proportion of the articles
which usually provides reporting about the leading cause of obesity among populations (Smith
and Mapstone, 2020).
CONCLUSION
In examining the media coverage of the problems sheds the lights upon how the ideas can
develop, gain the credibility as well as become part of the people’s discourse. Various study has
depicted that the people can categorise the media as their primary source of the science as well as
the information about the medical. It can also involve the setting of agenda functioning of the

media which is generally highly impacted in awaring the readers what to think about. The
leading cause of an obesity is generally continued to escalate as well as every generation can
become much heavier than the last one. It usually seems a little progress that has been made in
faltering the leading cause of obesity across worldwide since the health organization’s early
warning were generally issued. From the above study, there has been a steady elevated rates in
the obesity. Also, there has been much sharper enhancement in the new stories which generally
report about the leading cause of obesity and specifically suggesting that it has become the
greater on the news agenda. In this, there ae also having the evidences which depicts the slide
shift away from framing the issues around the people who generally tends to concentrate the
approaches to modify the people. In addition to this, to viewing the widespread as one of the
greatest undertaken by the governing modifications at the population level.

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