Investigation of Police Service's Struggle to Attain Policing by Consent

This document investigates the struggle of the police service to achieve policing by consent since its inception in 1829. It also assesses the police response to the Black Lives Matter protests in the UK in 2020 and the impact on public confidence. The structure of the police with emphasis on accountability and sources of funding are also analyzed.

Public Services
Contemporary Society

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
Investigation of police service’s struggle to attain policing by consent since its inception in
1829.............................................................................................................................................3
Conducting small scale research and using content analysis as methodological approach, you
assess the police response to the Black Lives Matter protests across the UK in 2020 and the
impact this had on public confidence..........................................................................................4
Assessing structure of police with specific emphasis on accountability.....................................5
Analyse sources of funding for the organisation.........................................................................7
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Public services considered as a service that needs to serve all the members of the community
as its services are provided by the government to the people and citizens who live within the
jurisdiction either by the public sector Agencies or by the financing provisions and with the
name of voluntary organisations. The goal of project is to gain a comprehensive understanding of
how public services have evolved throughout time. The chosen organisation is the Black Lives
Matter Global Network Foundation, a public charity dedicated to organising and continuing
activism tactics within the Black Lives Matter movement (Black Lives Matter Global Network
Foundation, 2021). The report leads to cover details about the development of public services
and analyse the responsibilities structure within the contemporary Public Service organisations.
Further it leads to analyse the various types of sources of funding and give you the suitable
structure and strategy regarding the public sector organisations. Further, the police service’s
effort to achieve policing by consent, as well as an assessment of police response to Black Lives
Matter protests around the UK in 2020. It also evaluates police structure, with an emphasis on
accountability, financing sources, and the impact of austerity on police.
TASK 1
Investigation of police service’s struggle to attain policing by consent since its inception in 1829
The public services are concerned with government and tends to offered by the
administrative bodies to the people living within the particular area and undertake the essential to
the modern life. It is related with the social agreement that has numerous services provided to all
the people. Public services are not publicly provided are financed for the political or social
reason (Athanasopoulos Sugino, 2018). Public services are the subject which has been taught in
the education curriculum of students and also depict the provision of public services considering
the Healthcare education communal justice and so on. Public services offer the most common
interface among the people and state undertaking their functioning and Expectations of
government.
Public services are developed as per the democracy of country and also started in the late
19th century and in most of the developed countries the services are provided by National and
local government. Undertaking the political reasons, the services are of unsubsidized that
eliminate the finance available for the expansion to the poorer communities. Later, in 1822, the

Metropolitan Police Act 1829 was passed in order to establish a full-time, professional, and
centrally organised police force. According to the UK government, policing by consent is
defined as police power derived from public consent rather than state power. Previously, the
police department in the United Kingdom had a distinct strategy to policing public order
offences. Despite this, many adjustments were proposed, and public order police questioned the
consent policing strategy.
The murder of Lan Tomlinson at the 2009 G-20 summit demonstrations spurred a debate
in the United Kingdom over the interaction between the media, the police, and the public, as well
as the independence of the Independent Police Complaints Commission. In November 2009, the
Chief Inspector of Constabulary responded to the outrage by releasing a 150-page study aimed at
restoring the consent-based policing approach in the United Kingdom. Following this, although
executing temporal legislation in various situations, policing by consent remained a fundamental
factor for police in the United Kingdom.
The Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation (BLMGN) is a non-profit
organisation that was founded in 2013 to support a loose network of practises in the Black Lives
Matter movement. It has no formal head, and its numerous chapters operate independently. The
company’s main efforts have begun to centralise its operations. In 2015, the company claimed to
have 26 chapters throughout the world. It calls for the abolition of institutionalised racism as well
as the prevention of police violence. Certain chapters have specific principles for internal
management and the formation of personal agendas.
The firm is made up of liberators that believe in open spaces and inclusive movements. It
pushes beyond limited nationalism, which is prominent in black communities, in order to win
and draw in a larger populace. In 2020, the organisation was a key player in the UK’s Black
Lives Matter protests. It aims to create a movement that puts all of its members to the forefront.
BLMGN affirms the lives of Black queer and disabled people, as well as all Black people across
the gender spectrum. It strives for a world in which Black lives are no longer systematically
targeted for extinction.

Conducting small scale research and using content analysis as methodological approach, you
assess the police response to the Black Lives Matter protests across the UK in 2020 and the
impact this had on public confidence
The police agency engages in a variety of tasks in order to deal with circumstances such as
protests and the like. In the case of the Black Lives Matter protests, police have established
specific guidelines for handling protests that may involve a level of violence that is justified (The
UK government responded to Black Lives Matter-By protecting statues, 2021). In response to the
UK’s Black Lives Matter protests, police have followed a typical pattern. Step 1 in the pattern
includes a burst of headlines promising that violent protestors would be imprisoned in 24 hours,
optimism encumbered by any form of comprehension of legislation, and procedural justice in
action.
Step 2 entails the declaration of higher prison sentences for what appears to be low-value
criminal damage to war memorials that is not being penalised harshly enough. This was a
backbench request for a new offence with a maximum punishment of ten years in prison.
Furthermore, presumably sympathetic to the concept that spray-painting a statue foreshadows the
demise of democracy, the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation has thrown its support
behind all of the suggestions, stating that they are all favourable.
The actions taken by the police service had a detrimental influence on public confidence,
as high-ranking officers denied claims of institutional racism and criticised the sharing of photos
or films showing cops misusing their powers. It also had minimal impact on the evolution of
policing methods (Thomas, 2016). Furthermore, it was determined that the cause of the protests
is due to disproportionate police stops as well as the targeting of Black communities for fines
that have been ignored by the entire police department across the UK. The protests were
ineffective, and the police have unquestionably thrown the spotlight back on racial policing in
the United Kingdom, widening the chasm between police and practises that exists in the present
day and has always existed.
Assessing structure of police with specific emphasis on accountability
Accountability is considered as the important part of a healthy law enforcement agencies in
order to measure transparency and accountability within the department. In most of the
organisations every law enforcement agency needs a strong and healthy work culture in order to
operate effectively. For this the culture of accountability within the law enforcement is

significantly important as the police department need to create the suitable system of internal
check and balance in order to make sure that officers carry out their duties effectively by
considering the act of integrity (Williams, 2016). Apart from that the police accountability make
sure that the officers can work collectively as they can build trust regarding the commanders to
make ethical decisions by knowing that their fellow officers tend to put the requirements of the
department and public ahead of the personal interest.
Along with this, the culture of accountability within the law enforcement tends to develop
trust among the police and community as public hold the police towards the high standards.
When police violate the rules then they break the trust of public and lose credibility. This leads to
make policing more difficult as people do not want to co-operate with police. In this context
accountability is considered as the key component regarding the effective community policing
efforts and constitution (Howard, 2016). For this there are various different structures and layers
of accountability in the public work that Foster the department culture and suitable values
integrity and ethics.
Focus on shared values: Public Work stems from a long history of traditions that held
ideals, therefore law enforcement agencies do not need to build a proper culture. Because values
influence behavior, police officers all across the world share essential values such as bravery,
duty to safeguard honor, and many others (Bang, Kerrick and Wuthrich, 2016). People make
decisions based on their innermost basic beliefs in this setting, and employees make decisions
based on what they perceive to be the organization’s principles. As a result, in order to foster an
accountability culture, law enforcement agencies must prioritise principles such as responsibility,
integrity, and transparency. To preserve a strong culture, it is critical for the police department to
have a clear declaration about core values, with the values serving as the foundation for
procedures, regulations, and training, among other things.
Make culture a topic of conversation: A robust culture of accountability within law
enforcement requires buy-in from every officer and leader, and for this to happen, everyone's
integrity and ethics must be anticipated and enforced. Accountability within the law and force
mint has to start at the top which is important for the command staff in order to set the example
of suitable procedure and policies considering the integrity for both the off and on duty (Sandhu,
2018). Police departments need to talk about accountability and training over the ethics perm
new recruiters to the command officers. In regard of this ethical behaviour is the major factor

regarding the promotions and hiring. In regard of this Police officers need to make space for the
regular decision regarding the issues and also involved staff from every level of the Department
within the conversations. Besides from the survey tends to examine that the attitude of officers
regarding the accountability by considering the respondents with their agreed and disagreed
statement (King and Redwood, 2016). Collecting this sort of feedback become the starting point
considering the culture of department Expectations and attitude.
Create an expectation of accountability: There are various different layers and strategies
regarding the accountability for the law enforcement in order to make sure that the police
department policies training and supervision work collectively for the effective accountability.
Besides from this it is impossible to hold police officers accountable for no formal rules.
Department policies also need to speak regarding the core values of department and also outline
proper behavior (Emejulu and McGregor, 2019). Apart from this training also helpful for the
officers in order to put suitable policies into the practice as training helps new candidates to
understand the Expectations but for this training should be on going for all the staff members. In
regard of this creating structure for the external vision can also be helpful in order to create the
culture for the accountability in the law enforcement. As accountability board include the
members of public and impartial third parties by which we can offer objective opinions to ensure
the department follows through the disciplinary actions.
Analyse sources of funding for the organisation
A fund is a collection of money used to administer or carry out commercial operations. To
put it another way, funds are sums of money set aside for specific objectives. Sources of funding
are critical for public services because they allow them to organise and use financial resources to
carry out activities that benefit the general public. Sources of money play a critical part in the
Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation’s ability to support a project or meet a need.
Funding can be used for either short-term or long-term goals.
Donation: It refers to a charitable gift that also includes funds for humanitarian relief.
Donations are one of the simplest ways for public services to raise funding from individuals and
organizations. In the context of the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation, interested
parties donate large sums of money to assist the government in carrying out operations in a
methodical manner (Alang and et. al., 2017). Despite the fact that it is one of the simplest ways
to raise funding, several public sector enterprises do not rely on it. However, it was considered as

a very useful fundraising source for Black Lives Matter protests in order to help those who were
most affected by the campaign around the country.
Crowdfunding: In previous years, it has been observed that public sector ventures gain
money by attracting crowds through the use of social media as a form of fund raising. The word
“crowdfunding” refers to a method of obtaining funds for a project or event by soliciting modest
amounts of money from a large number of people via the internet (Dalphond, 2018). Users from
other countries read about the company and its role in Black Lives Matter protests in the UK on
select websites utilized by Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation to build popularity.
With this, for example. A large number of people have donated monies via the internet at a low
cost to the organization, which has aided in the delivery of successful outcomes.
Grants: It is a source of funding for government-provided public services that benefit the
broader population. Government support is a direct financial source for the Black Lives Matter
Global Network Foundation, as it comes in the form of capital contributions in the form of
grants. It originates from a variety of sources, including regional, community, and particular
monies. It was created with the goal of making any endeavor more inexpensive (Reed, 2019).
Grants have taken the form of guarantees or contingent funding in the case of the Black Lives
Matter Protest to successfully handle the situation. It provides revenue to the government, which
in turn provides employees, special programmers, reporting, equipment, and other resources to
administer and manage regions that require more resources.
Investment income: It refers to the money earned by a company as a result of an increase
in the value of its investment. It usually consists of capital gains from property sales, stock
dividends, and interest gained on money market accounts. When public organizations properly
use and manage investment money, everyone benefits (Patel, 2016). Investments for the Black
Lives Matter Global Network Foundation could come from the stock market, bank loans, and a
variety of other sources. However, the source is highly dangerous, and it can also result in losses.
One source of funding for public service establishments is the creation of accounts and the
deposit of money. Investing on the stock market, on the other hand, is a method of providing
large sums of money to a business in a short period of time.
How funds are allocated in public sector organization
The term “allocation of funds” refers to the economic and jurisdictional distribution of
financial resources. Fund allocation is critical in the public sector to reduce volatility and

maximize performance for the general population. The procedure entails evaluating a person’s
profile and then offering money in accordance with the public company’s goal of meeting
community needs. Investors give funds to the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation
based on the organization’s goal and time horizon. Organizational objectives are one of the
methods in which funds are allocated in the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation.
The company’s mission to help society plays an important influence in fund allocation.
Crowdfunding, for example, allocates financial resources to the Black Lives Matter Global
Network Foundation based on the organization's goals. When the public realizes that a company
is working for a noble purpose, they spend large sums of money to practices that help society the
greatest. The broader financial picture is another approach to fund the company's allocation.
There are money sources that allocate financial resources by generating an effective plan while
keeping the company’s overall image in mind in order to tilt in one direction.
It is a well-balanced method that encourages the development of new sources of finances
in order to offer the necessary financial resources and generate high returns (Jennings and
Rubado, 2017). Public sector organizations can modify their portfolio's risk with duration, focus
on the big picture, encourage long-term investing, and so on, by using an appropriate fund
allocation strategy.
Identify a range of examples of emergency incident, both UK-based and international
An emergency occurrence is a circumstance that poses an urgent threat to human life
while also posing a significant risk of environmental or other sorts of damage. Being Black Lives
Matter Global Network Foundation is a worldwide public-sector organization that plays a
significant role in managing national and international crises. Below are some examples of
emergency situations in which Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation has played a vital
role:
Black Lives Matter Protest in UK: An emergency situation of peaceful protest erupted
across the United Kingdom (UK protests for Black Lives Matter: 2020 dates and how to get
involved, 2020). The crowd was in violation of coronavirus lockdown laws, and the
administration had previously advised against protests during the outbreak. It was organized in
response to an incident in which two black individuals were allegedly “chased” by a Coventry
City supporters group celebrating the club’s promotion. In order to manage the incident, the
Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation has established a flat organization with a few

middle-level professionals among the leadership and staff (Anderson, 2017). The structure
assisted the public sector organization in elevating each employee’s responsibilities in order to
manage situations with coordination and open communication. Within the emergency scenario,
the Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation has a role to play in building local power,
intervening in violence against Black communities through vigilantism, and advocating for the
removal of systematic racism as well as violence prevention.
What Matters 2020: Another emergency issue occurred in Georgia during the US elections.
The circumstance emerges in order to aid with voter registration and turnout. Criminal justice
reform, racial injustice, government corruption, economic injustice, environmental concerns, and
other issues are all addressed in this context. Administrators of the Black Lives Matter Global
Network Foundation used a divisional structure to manage the situation, with distinct divisions
formed based on interest and skill set to carry out the activity (Mwangi and et. al., 2018). For the
emergency situation, the public sector corporation was organized on divisional lines in order to
make swift decisions and create competence among the workers in a specific field of public
service. The Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation played a vital role in this by
engaging underrepresented populations in the electoral process and educating Black Lives Matter
constituents on topics that affect Black voters the most.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it is analysed that, the public services and other publicly provided
not publicly financed but they are usually subject to regulation going beyond by applying the
most economic sector for the political and social reasons. Within the contemporary society there
is a strong focus over developing the citizenship and understanding the concept that they need to
identify specific understanding of citizenship and also relate them to the public services. In
addition, the government began to provide additional services such as healthcare, law
enforcement, energy, and so on. The operational structure is a symbolic representation of events
and sequences on a fixed timetable. This helps management organise and control activities by
allocating predefined work tasks and duties among the employees in the public sector. Fund
allocation provides a discipline approach to diversification, avoids the need for time-consuming
investing decisions, and decreases portfolio risk.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Online:
Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation. 2021. [Online]. Available through: <
https://blacklivesmatter.com/>
UK protests for Black Lives Matter: 2020 dates and how to get involved. 2020. [Online].
Available through: https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/uk-protests-black-lives-matter-
2020-dates-a4458826.html

The UK government responded to Black Lives Matter-By protecting statues. 2021. [Online].
Available through: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/jun/15/uk-black-
lives-matter-protests-statues