Gasification Process for Construction Waste Treatment

This proposal presents the significance of gasification process in the construction and demolition industry. It discusses the Pyrolysis Gasification system and its advantages. It explores the type of waste in the industry and the significance of gasification as a recycling process. The proposal also includes scope analysis, PESTEL analysis, purpose, aims, objectives, implementation plan, timeline, and budget for incorporating gasification in waste management. The aim is to promote gasification as a new technique of construction waste treatment to Gammon Construction Limited.

BUSINESS PROPOSAL
Proposing Gasification as a construction waste treatment to Gammon Constriction Limited
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

1BUSINESS PROPOSAL
Executive Summary
The purpose of this proposal is to present the significance of gasification process in
construction and demolition industry with the help of a very efficient gasification process
named Pyrolysis Gasification. The aim of this quality improvement or sustainability
management plan is to incorporate the Pyrolyzer Gasifier based recycling process within the
waste management operation of Gammon Construction Limited, so that they can utilise the
maximum amount of energy that could be extracted from their waste into their operational
life cycle. The PESTEL analysis has been used as scope assessment followed by the purpose
and objectives declaration for this proposal.

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Table of Content
Introduction................................................................................................................................4
Gasification process and advantages of the PIROMAK system................................................5
Type of waste in Construction and demolition industry........................................................5
Gasification process...............................................................................................................7
Piromak system......................................................................................................................9
Significance of PIROMAK system as gasification process.................................................11
Issues values and interest of the Gammon Construction Limited............................................13
Scope analysis..........................................................................................................................14
PESTLE analysis of Hong Kong..........................................................................................14
Purpose.....................................................................................................................................17
Aims and objectives.................................................................................................................17
Implementation plan.................................................................................................................18
Timeline...................................................................................................................................21
Budget......................................................................................................................................22
References:...............................................................................................................................24

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Introduction
Hong Kong is one of the most renown places on earth for it huge number of
constructional works. Ranging from infrastructure development, highway construction,
residential building, commercial buildings to transportation tunnelling and mining
construction, Honk Kong has a huge number of resources that generates a huge amount of
Construction and Demolition Waste or CDW1. The legal authority of Hong Kong has
imposed a special charging scheme for construction waste disposal, depending on the total
disposal amount. This charging scheme is also known as CWDCS or Construction Waste
Disposal Charging Scheme. On the other hand the waste generated by the construction and
demolition operation has significant value in recycling and alternative energy generating. The
gasification process is a waste recycling process that uses high temperature based combustion
operation to obtain various types of alternative fuel from the waste materials. Proper waste
management and recycling process can enhance the productivity, sustainability and overall
profitability of any business.
The purpose of this proposal is to present the significance of gasification process in
construction and demolition industry with the help of a very efficient gasification process
named Pyrolysis Gasification. In this proposal the gasification process has been discussed
while analysing the current situational constrain in a construction company named Gammon
Construction Limited. To analyse the scope of implementation the PESTEL analysis will be
used followed by the purpose and objectives declaration. After discussing the aims and
objectives of utilising the system in Gammon Construction Limited as waste management
1 "Effectiveness Of Hong Kongs Construction And Demolition Waste Charging Scheme".
2016. Undergraduatelibrary.Org.
http://www.undergraduatelibrary.org/system/files/effectiveness_of_hong_kongs_construction_and_demolition_
waste_charging_scheme_1.pdf.

4BUSINESS PROPOSAL
and recycling, the implementation plan will be made considering the action plan and timeline.
The budget plan will be also developed for implementing this technology in the chosen
business. The aim of this proposal is to promote Gasification as a new technique of
construction waste treatment to a construction company named Gammon Construction
Limited.
Gasification process and advantages of the PIROMAK system
Waste management is essential part of any business industry that allows the business
to minimise the waste, while utilising the waste as a resource material or as energy source
vial recycling process. Gasification is a very common waste recycling process that allows
Gammon Construction Limited. In this section, the procedure, significance and advantages of
utilising paralysis gasification process will be explained with numerical and qualitative
evidences. In this section, the type of waste in construction and demolition industry will be
explored while examining the core principles of gasification process. The significance of the
waste materials from construction work as a alternative fuel generation will be explained. The
working principles of PRIMARK gasification technology will be explained along with the
significance of utilising it in a construction waste management process.
Type of waste in Construction and demolition industry
The construction and demolition industry comprises a large number of industrial
operations mainly associated with the constructing building, constructing outdoor landscape,
constructing commercials premises, interior and exterior decorations, industrial construction,
tunnelling, mining construction, damn construction, bridge construction and many more. In
all of these operations, the mostly found waste materials are industrial polymers, plastic
materials, sand, cement, inorganic sludge, wood, packages, papers and insulation materials.
However, not all of these materials are utilisable in gasification based recycling process. For

5BUSINESS PROPOSAL
gasification, the major waste materials, which are considered as utilisable for recycling are
rubber, wood, plastics, industrial polymers, papers and packages. On an average, a medium
sized enterprise in construction industry generates 56710 kg wood, from the framing,
designing, temporary binding and other purposes. Along with that, approximately 7850 kg
packages are generated as waste from the construction packaging, raw materials pack,
cardboards and others2. On an average 4400 kg plastic materials can be found annually as a
waste of construction company. On the other hand, approximately 4180 kg polymeric
insulations are wasted in constructional operation annually from a medium size construction
company.
Therefore, it can be clearly indentified that the amount of waste materials found
annually from a single construction industry has a significant impact on both external
environment and operational efficiency of the particular company. This huge amount of
waste materials required to be either disposed in an efficient way or recycled. Among these
materials, wood and paper are the organic materials, which can be easily recycled. Other
types of inorganic wastes such as polymers, insulators should be recycled in a more efficient
and productive way through which maximum amount of energy can be formed from the
recycling process. With this regards, it is worth mentioning that the efficiency or utility of
these materials as the recycled materials can be measured by measuring the potential energy
they can generate as fuel after recycling process. The legal authority of Hong Kong has
imposed a special charging scheme for construction waste disposal, depending on the total
disposal amount. This charging scheme is also known as CWDCS or Construction Waste
Disposal Charging Scheme. Studies on gasification process show that the combustible
fraction of Demolition Waste can be up to 10 to 15 % of the entire Construction and
2 "GASIFICATION THE WASTE-TO-ENERGY SOLUTION - Waste Management 2016 - Climate Colab".
2016. Climate Colab. https://www.climatecolab.org/contests/2016/waste-management/c/proposal/1329507.

6BUSINESS PROPOSAL
Demolition waste3. Therefore, according to this new conceptualisation the waste has changed
its status nowadays from being garbage to valuable fuel. Because of this, the recycled energy
from the waste material has been named Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) by the waste treatment
industry.
Gasification process
Gasification process is a more advanced modification of conventional combustion
method. Therefore, to understand the basic principle of the gasification process the
understanding of conventional waste combustion system is essential. Combustion is a process
of burning the waste under a confined place with minimum airflow. In conventional
combustion process, the produced organic carbohydrate gas volume depends on the moisture
content of the combusted product. Because of the low moisture level wood stream from
demolition sites have quite low productivity level of a valuable fuel, which is approximately
about 20%. The wood based fuels, that are generated from the conventional combustion
process can have a higher heating value or HHV, which can be up to 20 MJ/kg. The
Moisture Content (MC) in the waste wood is dependent on the type of wood, its relative
humidity, and the moisture level of the surrounding environment. During this combustion
process the utilisation of combined heat and power production produces two types of wastes
namely flue-gas treatment waste and bottom ash. In most waste combustion operation
through fluidised bed boilers, the ash found from the waste of construction and demolition
work is 1-5 %4.
The gasification process is a typical combustion procedure under the restricted
oxygen availability during combustion. By gasification process, the embodied energy within
3 Liu, Yanli, Tiantian Sun, and Lie Yang. 2017. "Evaluating The Performance And Intellectual Structure Of
Construction And Demolition Waste Research During 2000–2016". Environmental Science And Pollution
Research 24 (23): 19259-19266. doi:10.1007/s11356-017-9598-9.
4 "What Is It? - PIROMAK SRL". 2018. PIROMAK SRL. https://www.piromak.it/en/what-is-it/.

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carbon-based material such as wood, rubber, plastic is transformed into other forms of energy
without involving actual combustion process of the fuel. The formation of syngas or synthetic
gas consists of Carbon monoxide or CO, water or H2O and Hydrogen or H2. Along with that,
smoke is another significant product. The advantages of Gasification over combustion are, it
allows better process control and less particulate emissions. For this benefit of using
gasification, it is able to clean the syngas before the combustion process. In this way of
contamination, flue gas is not found as the end product. Hence, the energy conversion during
the process of gasification and syngas burning, do not require need very complicated
emission control systems like other waste incineration treatment structure. Furthermore,
Gasification also minimises the development of furans and dioxins, which need adequate
amount of oxygen, through restricting the oxygen scarce process in the gasifier in order to
enable the conditions required for their formation or reformation of dioxins and furans.
Figure: Process of Gasification5
5 Saghir, Muhammad, Mohammad Rehan, and Abdul-Sattar Nizami. "Recent Trends in Gasification Based
Waste-to-Energy." In Gasification for Low-grade Feedstock. IntechOpen, 2018.

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Through the gasification process, the primary goal is to remove the inorganic
materials such like metals, glass and others incoming raw material, which usually require
some pre-treatment procedures. The gasification process has been presented in the above
flow chat.
Piromak system
The gasification consists of a dry distillated gas (CH4+CO+H2-CO2, CH4+Co-2-H2)
with heating power of 5-8000 kcal / m3 which is essentially comparable to CH4 (methane) at
high temperatures and other materials. This procedure also permits the obtaining of a decent
amount of methyl alcohol, similar to unleaded petrol, such as (CH3OH). At the end of the
process, a carbonaceous material similar to the wood charcoal can be obtained that has
inherent characteristics as per the chemical configuration of gasified material. The major
chemical characteristic of the compound obtained is its excellent fuel quality as it is 90-98%
carbon. It becomes active coal in the majority of cases and can therefore be sold as such to
achieve a high intake. The standard system comprises a range of other machines, depending
on the requirements, as well as the ad-hoc processing and the processing of the obtained raw
materials. In addition, Pyrolyzer Gasifier is also included in this process.
Some machine components are as follows:
1. Turbo alembic: used during processing to separate gas from saturated hydrocarbons (later
separation of liquids and solids such as tar and H2O).
2. Gas refiner: the gas cleaning machine. It removes all particulate matter, micro-staub and a
significant portion of the sulphur in them while making them compatible to be used in
internal combustion engines.
3. Compressor: this phase is used for pumping and moving gases into a storage tank.

9BUSINESS PROPOSAL
4. Liquid and solids separators: this machine is used for separating CH3OH from tar and H2O
and channelling it into a container.
5. CH3OH refiner: This refiner is used to make gasoline suitable for use.
6. BCS gasifier engine module: This gasification engine used to generate thermal energy for
the gasification process. Its potential depends on the capacity of the plant.
7. Charger to gasify materials.
8. Engine loader: the engine (BCS) can also use the materials that are not completely
gasified materials 6.
Pyrolyzer Gasifier's potential is expressed in kg of the material to be gasified and thus
equals the input. Depending on the type of input material the output and output of raw
materials varies. The reactor components include reactor pipes made out of a unique metal
alloy resulting from private research by engineer Domenico Tanfoglio (known as smelting
pipes). Organic and non-organic materials are transported using the Archimedes screw via the
smelting tubes. The tubes disintegrate all organic material including demolition solids and
waste, after being struck by the thermal energy produced by the DCS, including plastics,
rubber, dioxins and other hydrocarbons which are made by the atomic integration of carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen . Disintegration means the breakdown of organic molecules, the release
of the atoms that constitute the material and the de - storage of all atoms when they do not
reform to the molecular form in which they occurred before they disintegrate, which is very
recurrent for the organic molecules produced by industrial process7. In this process the
Dioxin refers to the heterocyclic organic compound with a ring composed of two oxygen
6 Tam, Vivian W.Y., L.Y. Shen, Ivan W.H. Fung, and J.Y. Wang. 2007. "Controlling Construction Waste By
Implementing Governmental Ordinances In Hong Kong". Construction Innovation 7 (2): 149-166.
doi:10.1108/14714170710738522.
7 Yuan, Hongping, Abdol R. Chini, Yujie Lu, and Liyin Shen. 2012. "A Dynamic Model For Assessing The
Effects Of Management Strategies On The Reduction Of Construction And Demolition Waste". Waste
Management 32 (3): 521-531. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.11.006.

10BUSINESS PROPOSAL
atoms and four unsaturated carbon atoms, which forms C4H4O2 as itsmolecular formula. The
trend is for the downstream composition of the original molecule in the event of C-H-O
decomposition. If however, the original molécula does not recompose, it naturally becomes
Ch4 (C4.H4.O2= CH4) when the disintegration takes place within the smelting tube, or even
in the DCS engine.
Significance of PIROMAK system as gasification process
The PYROLYZER GASIFIER is a machine made of other machines which the
Engineer Domeno Tanfoglio found out in 1980 about its operating principle. At that time,
such a machine could not be manufactured because it was not legally compliant, and was not
able to extract liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons. Then a loophole in the law was created and
the well-known DCS was created, the first machine to use pyrolysis that breaks all organic
molecules from the simplest to the most complex. So, if molecules like PVC are used. C2H3Cl
is a polyvinyl chloride, which is also be identified as the polyvinylchloride or through its
corresponding abbreviation PVC. PVC is a type of polymer created from vinyl chloride8. It is
the most important vinyl monomer polymer in the series and one of the world's most widely
consumed plastic. Chlorinated dioxins are produced in the DCS by combustion in an
incinerator, but only HCL (hydrochloric acid) are produced under no circumstances, which,
when capable of producing a good product, like calcium chloride (CA-CL), are produced
with lime or CA. The same goes for other molecules, such as PCBs (PCBs). These highly
toxic and environmentally hazardous molecules will be further explained.
Tires and rubbery materials of any thoughtful produce three essential items with the
preferred subjective attributes over some other waste on the grounds that, just as creating gas
and oil, they produce the best initiated carbon that exists, just as a dark carbon with market
8 Razak Bin Ibrahim, Abdul, Matthew H. Roy, Zafar U. Ahmed, and Ghaffar Imtiaz. 2010. "Analyzing The
Dynamics Of The Global Construction Industry: Past, Present And Future". Benchmarking: An International
Journal 17 (2): 232-252. doi:10.1108/14635771011036320.

11BUSINESS PROPOSAL
estimation of up to €5,000/ton. The fundamental items got from natural materials, gas and oil,
achieve a warm power scope of 7/10,000 kcal kg. The Pyrolyzer Gasifier has a high caloric
limit when working with materials with a high caloric limit materials, for example, plastics
and elastic. The Pyrolyzer Gasifier produces a normal of 7% metals, of which something like
6 sections out of 10 are as aluminum (AL). One thing to know about is that a normal of one
kilogram of these two hydrocarbons produces 3.5 KWE + 4.5 KWT in cogeneration. The
carbon created can be sold as fuel as it comprises of no under 70% unadulterated carbon and
its calorific esteem can reach as high as 7,000 kcal kg9. The scarcely noticeable metal piece of
chocolate wrappers can likewise be removed and the Pyrolyzer Gasifier sublimates the
cellulose part and leaves the aluminum part perfect, so all different metals can be isolated and
sold. The normal sum reachable from the all out waste is 23% . The estimation of the items
acquired is to recover costs for the plant and give a reasonable come back to the individuals
who have put resources into the plant. So as to recover costs, the items acquired must be sold
straightforwardly on the crude materials showcase. Then again, crude materials, for example,
gas and oil must be changed into power. . On the other hand, the expense of the handling
plant can likewise be recovered by selling power on the free market and by selling the metals
got, isolating them in advance as indicated by their attributes by machines at the plant. This
can produce income when sold on the free market, or notwithstanding when sponsored by the
Italian National Grid Operator GSEAnother important wellspring of income is the warmth
delivered by the plant all in all, (by creating one kw of E/E, 1.3 kw warm vitality is delivered
in cogeneration) + one Kw T. is created by the Pyrolyzer Gasifier10.
9 mar, Usman Aminu, Nasir Shafiq, Amirhossein Malakahmad, Muhd Fadhil Nuruddin, and Mohd Faris
Khamidi. 2016. "A Review On Adoption Of Novel Techniques In Construction Waste Management And
Policy". Journal Of Material Cycles And Waste Management 19 (4): 1361-1373. doi:10.1007/s10163-016-0534-
8.
10 Li Hao, Jian, Martyn James Hill, and Li Yin Shen. 2008. "Managing Construction Waste On ‐Site Through
System Dynamics Modelling: The Case Of Hong Kong". Engineering, Construction And Architectural
Management 15 (2): 103-113. doi:10.1108/09699980810852646.

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Issues values and interest of the Gammon Construction Limited
Current situation
As a component of its 30 years admission to oversee for the benefit of the
Government various old landfills in the New Territories of Hong Kong, Swire SITA was
looked with various site reclamation issues. We were brought in to help.
At the 29 ha Gin Drinkers Bay Landfill, we expelled the old landfill spread and
supplanted it with a built topping layer joining a LLDPE film and geocomposite waste layer.
We likewise introduced a gas/leachate gathering framework.
We additionally put in new topping layers and gas venting frameworks at the Siu
Lang Shui (12 ha), Ma Tso Lung (2 ha) and Ngau Tam Mei (2 ha) landfills just as update the
current leachate accumulation frameworks.
The Island West Transfer Station gets, compacts at that point loads onto freight boats
for transshipment to landfill strong waste from Hong Kong Island. The exchange station is
situated under Mount Davis in the Western District of Hong Kong in two reason
manufactured shake caves: one for tipping the waste, the other for compacting it. Two path
get to burrows accommodated the loss to be conveyed to the tipping corridor by waste
gathering vehicles and taken in a containerised, compacted structure from the compacting
lobby to the bursting point. Gammon was in charge of the majority of the structural designing
works related with the undertaking, including exhuming 42,000 meter cubed of shake to
frame the natural hollows and access burrows.
Needs assessment

13BUSINESS PROPOSAL
Natural issues are progressively molding the setting of our business. The expense of
materials, impacts from clamor, vitality use and waste, just as rising worries about
environmental change all have suggestions for our tasks and esteem chain. At Gammon, we
"use shrewdly, squander less, produce less" as a major aspect of our ethic of regard for the
earth and the common assets we influence and use. These standards drive us to expand
advancement and productivity in our activities. We are expanding our attention on dealing
with the immediate and roundabout effects of our works through better structure, use of
innovation and obtainment procedures.
Scope analysis
In order to establish any business plan for a particular industry, finding scop of
planning and implementation is essential. For a constructional business like Gammon
Construction Limited, the external environment such as political, economic, social and other
factors influence the potentiality. In order to successfully plan the effective waste
management technique for Gammon Construction Limited, external environmental analysis is
crucial. PESTLE analysis can help this environmental analysis as an effective management
tool.
PESTLE analysis of Hong Kong
Political environment:
Public administration manages the government activities associated with the
constructional projects and real estate management. The government takes decision related to
the public service organisations. Hong Kong is a politically stable place where most of
political parties are focusing on globalisation of economy through retail, construction,
electronic, telecommunication industry. Therefore, the political environment is very helpful

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for long term resource planning11. However, some times the licensing and approval
procedures consume a significant amount of time, which can cause delay in organisational
operation.
Economic environment
Hong Kong is economically stable and currently one of the most fast paced improving
places in earth. Hong Kong has a Gross Domestic Product of around HKD 2400 billion. The
unemployment rate of Hong Kong is only 3.29%. The higher per capita income also
influences the potential investment in construction industry. It has been estimated that within
2022, Hong Kong will experience 4.6% increment in GDP. The economic saturation
indicating that the investment in land-lording and real estate business is going to increase
significantly. Therefore, the scope of improving the business quality for a construction
company like Gammon Construction Limited is very high.
Social environment
Because of having a long history of periodic immigration from most of the eastern
section of the globe, Hong Kong has a diverse social and cultural environment. At the same
time, the high employment rate also allows significant growth in construction business. On
the other hand, Hong Kong is a very culturally competent place, which allows foreign
investment and offshore operation to be executed efficiently. From the history of architectural
development, the socio-cultural perspective of the population is highly inclined towards
creative constructional works and advancement of transportation. Therefore, from social and
cultural perspective Hong Kong is a very promising place for a construction company.
Technological environment
11 Esa, Mohd Reza, Anthony Halog, and Lucia Rigamonti. 2016. "Developing Strategies For Managing
Construction And Demolition Wastes In Malaysia Based On The Concept Of Circular Economy". Journal Of
Material Cycles And Waste Management 19 (3): 1144-1154. doi:10.1007/s10163-016-0516-x.

15BUSINESS PROPOSAL
From the advance logistics system, faster telecommunication to fastest transportation
system, Hong Kong is always enthusiastic in technological advancement. Every year, the
government and local authority are taking new initiation to ensure further technological
advancement. Because of being a highly technologically advanced place, Hong Kong is a
very suitable place to procure and utilise advance technologies for quality improvement. Both
civil and electrical engineering, the technological advancement of Hong Kong is very
prominent12.
Environmental condition
The higher authority of Hong Kong considers the environmental competency as a
major part of business policy making to minimise carbon footprint for private, commercials
and industrial operation. The legal authority of Hong Kong has imposed a special charging
scheme for construction waste disposal, depending on the total disposal amount. This
charging scheme is also known as CWDCS or Construction Waste Disposal Charging
Scheme. Hong Kong has multiple regulatory bodies to monitor the business operations
considering energy consumption and waste treatment13.
Legal environment
The trading and the contractual legislative structure is very precise in Hong Kong,
which allows emerging foreign investment and globalised industrial growth. The labor act,
and the hazard inspection system is also very strict in Hong Kong, which has huge impact on
the hazard prone business operations like construction, production, logistics and others.
12 Tam, Vivian WY, Khoa N. Le, and Jiayuan Wang. "EXAMINING THE EXISTING WASTE
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN CONSTRUCTION." International Journal of Construction Project
Management 9, no. 2 (2017): 99-109.
13 Yuan, Hongping, Liyin Shen, and Jiayuan Wang. 2011. "Major Obstacles To Improving The Performance Of
Waste Management In China's Construction Industry". Facilities 29 (5/6): 224-242.
doi:10.1108/02632771111120538.

16BUSINESS PROPOSAL
However, the hours and wages law is not significantly strong, which enables labour
exploitation and other legal issues.
Purpose
The purpose of incorporating a new recycling based waste management method in the
organisational operation of Gammon Construction Limited is to reduce their operational cost
by increasing the recycled raw materials and energy utilisation. The long term purpose of this
incorporation is to increase the sustainability of the business through improving the quality of
the operations, while making the business more environment friendly to keep a greener earth.
Aims and objectives
The aim of this quality improvement or sustainability management plan is to
incorporate the Pyrolyzer Gasifier based recycling process within the waste management
operation of Gammon Construction Limited, so that they can utilise the maximum amount of
energy that could be extracted from their waste into their operational life cycle. However, the
primary aim is to install the most reliable and feasible Pyrolyzer Gasifier system
manufactured by Piromak TD.
Therefore, to meet the aim the following objectives have been identified:
 To communicate with stakeholders and make decision about the most suitable
recycling management process
 To arrange enough fund for incorporating the new system while having a backup plan
for risk mitigation
 To develop an efficient workforce to operate this new system in most effective way
 To procure and install the most suitable Pyrolyzer Gasifier system
 To ensure the successful incorporation of this new system with significant operational
benefit

17BUSINESS PROPOSAL
Implementation plan
Stakeholder communication and decision making is the most initial part of changing
the waste management system in the chosen company. The management of Gammon
Construction Limited has to communicate with all the stakeholders via telecommunication,
face to face communication, digital communication and mailing. Through effective
communication the selection of proper purchasing and installation plan for gasifier model.
Communicating with the supplier company Piromak TD is an essential part, through which
the contractual obligations for procurement, delivery and maintenance can be ensured.
Consideration of the regular waste generation and the scope of recycling can help while
communicating with the supplier regarding effective recycling framework.
Recruiting new employees
To operate the Pyrolyzer Gasifier some efficient and skilled employees will be
required who can identify the required procedures through situational decision making. As
per the current situation of Gammon Construction Limited, at least 5 external candidates have
to be recruited in the position of Pyrolyzer Gasifier, and the gasification waste recycling
executive. While conducting the recruitment procedure, developing and using the recruitment
criteria is a major part, through which the human resource department of Gammon
Construction Limited can employed the most skilled and competent candidate for this
particular recycling operation.
Training and development
Training and development of the existing and the new employees is an essential part
of implementing the new waste management solution successfully. Arranging training for

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new employees regarding their job-role, organisational policies and code of conducts will
help to induce them in the operational process. On the other hand, providing training to the
existing employees will allow them to understand the new operational changes because of the
new waste management and recycling strategy.
Facilitation for change
Facilitation is another major part of implementing this waste management and
recycling system. It has been already discussed that this Pyrolyzer Gasifier system needs a
significant amount of electricity as well as wide area for installation and maintenance. Apart
from that, for potential hazard minimisation procedures, a significant amount of facilitation is
required regarding sign boarding, alarming system, fire extinguishing system and others.
Funding
Funding is a major part of any business operation which defines the tangibility of a
particular plan. Hence, for the procurement, instalment and incorporation of new recycling
technology a significant amount of fund need to be arranged. The details cost estimation for
this process has been presented in the budget section of this proposal. The management of
Gammon Construction Limited can effectively strengthen their partnerships with major
shareholders and can utilise their variable assets to arrange the adequate funding required for
this waste management recycling system.
Contractual operation for procurement
Contractual operation is another essential part that requires mutual agreement to
ensure a business deal between the supplier and the consumer. In this case the supplier is the
Pyrolyzer Gasifier provider Piromak TD and the consumer is the Gammon Construction
Limited. Therefore, during forming of agreement and contractual business deal both of these

19BUSINESS PROPOSAL
organisations have to prioritise the price, quality, delivery, timing issue and the policies
related to disputation, returning, refunding and maintenance.
Procurement
Procurement is a simple process of executing inbound logistical operation that helps
the supplier to deliver the ordered materials according to the plan. In this case, Gammon
Construction Limited should depend on the transportation system of Piromak TD for the
delivery, because Piromak TD can handle the equipments better than the consumer Gammon
Construction Limited, which does not have detailed idea or experience about the operation.
Installation
In the installation procedure the service provider will install the Pyrolyzer Gasifier
system by assembling the parts in the designated premises for this recycling waste
management operation. During the installation the staffs of Gammon Construction Limited
has to cooperate with the employees of service provider for most stable and effective
installation.
Testing and finalising
After installation of any new technology, testing is the major operation that helps to
finalise the installing operation. Therefore in this case, the facility and administration group
of Gammon Construction Limited has to test the functionality of the newly installed
Pyrolyzer Gasifier. In case of any functioning issue, and administration group of Gammon
Construction Limited has to communicate with the supplier Piromak TD and arrange a
exchange or repairing program. After repeatedly successful execution of the gasification
process with the benchmarked performance the equipments will be ready to use as a part of
regular business operation.

20BUSINESS PROPOSAL
Monitoring and controlling
Monitoring and controlling is the long term evaluation phase that will allow this
company to ensure that the incorporated recycling waste management process is giving a
beneficial results as it was expected. For this the management of Gammon Construction
Limited has to monitor the regular recycling operations executed by the designated personnel
to find out operational anomalies. In case of any efficiency issues the allocated employees
will be trained again. At the same time, for technical faults the repreparing operation will be
executed.
Timeline
Start date Duration (days)
Stakeholder communication and decision making 1/6/19 7
Recruiting new employees 8/6/19 30
Training and development 15/6/19 30
Facilitation for change 25/6/19 10
Funding 28/6/19 7
Contractual operation for procurement 1/7/19 15
Procurement 5/7/19 10
Installation 16/7/19 5
Testing and finalising 21/7/19 20
Monitoring and controlling 1/8/19 30

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Monitoring and controlling
Testing and finalising
Installation
Procurement
Contractual operation for procurement
Funding
Facilitation for change
Training and development
Recruiting new employees
Stakeholder communication and decision
making
01-06-19 15-06-19 29-06-19 13-07-19 27-07-19 10-08-19 24-08-19
Column1
Budget
Unit Unit cost (HK$) Total cost (HK$)
Administration
Facilitation for change 3 4200 12600
Procurement 12 8400 100800
Installation 12 3500 42000
Maintenance 3 2000 6000
TOTAL 161400
Legal issues
Licensing 1 1250 1250
Contractual investment 4 1800 7200
Other Legal obligations 3 1200 3600
TOTAL 12050
Human Resource
Payroll of one month 20 15000 300000
Workforce recruitment 5 1200 6000
Training and development 5 800 4000
TOTAL 310000

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Operation
Testing 3 450 1350
Communication 20 150 3000
Transportation 15 2500 37500
Miscellaneous 1 2500 2500
TOTAL 44350
TOTAL EXPENCE 527800

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