Qualitative Techniques and Research Planning: Dyslexia Report

This report investigates the effects of early diagnosis and intervention of dyslexia among children. It begins with an introduction highlighting the prevalence and impact of dyslexia on children's reading and writing abilities, followed by a literature review that explores the causes of dyslexia, focusing on genetic and environmental factors, and the importance of early intervention. The research question focuses on the impact of early diagnosis and intervention. The methodology section details the qualitative research approach, including participant selection, procedures, and data collection methods through surveys. The analysis involves qualitative data analysis using MS Excel. The report concludes by emphasizing the benefits of early identification and intervention to mitigate negative outcomes. The report references several studies and research papers to support its findings and recommendations.

Running head: QUALITATIVE TECHNIQUES AND RESERCH PLANNING
Children at Risk of Dyslexia: Early Identification and Intervention
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note:

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Contents
1.0 Introduction.....................................................................................................................2
2.0 Literature Review............................................................................................................2
3.0 Methodology...................................................................................................................4
References..................................................................................................................................6

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1.0 Introduction
There has been scientific research on dyslexia since past 50 years and the disease is
known for its assessment, nature and aetiology. There were special difficulties among the
children and thus they witnessed reading and writing problems that was found out on the
basis of etiology and neurological basis. The children who suffered from dyslexia faced
disturbances and problems in different stages. The aim of the research is to find out the
effects of early diagnosis and intervention of dyslexia among the children. Dyslexia was
conceptualised as a specific reading difficulty that was affecting the children and this was
measured on the basis of age and intelligence quotient.
The objectives of this research are:
a. To analyse the cause of dyslexia that is considered as a severe bottleneck problem.
b. To find out the effect of early intervention and treatment of dyslexia ta an early
age.
c. To analyse the stem of dyslexia and find its due cause accordingly.
2.0 Literature Review
Research Question
What will be the effect of early diagnosis and intervention of dyslexia among the
children at an early age?
According to Lyytinen et al.(2015), it has been found that children are denied with the
opportunity to become better readers and this is due to different find of problems in the
environment. The biological basis can be regarded as the underlying cause for the severe
bottlenecks in the literacy problem and thus it will help in avoiding the disease. It has been

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found that majority of the development dyslexia arises in countries such as USA and UK.
This is considered to be a genetic basis and the problem occurs due to interaction of the
genes. It has been found that the nature and the different predictors of dyslexia differ and this
depends on the writing style. There must be transparency in the writing style and thus it is
necessary to maintain consistency among the different errors that are likely to occur in
Dyslexia. Snowling (2013) has said that dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with
special problems in the genes and this is considered to occur more in the male counterpart
than the female counterpart. The main feature of dyslexia is the problem related with
decoding of words and thus it affects the spelling performance and the fluency in the reading
problems. This disease is considered to be persistent in the lifespan and thus the outcomes are
expected to be variable in different circumstances. There are problems with working memory
and attention and thus it is frequently observed among the adults and the children. The
cognitive explanation of dyslexia arises from different problems such as phonological deficit
and thus it affects the sound of the speech. This affects the acquisition of knowledge of letters
and thus children might face difficulty when they attempt to read a novel or any book.
Thompson et al. (2015) has predicted that the risk of dyslexia is more common among
the preschool children and thus it is necessary to get proper treatment for such disease at
an early age. There might be annual intervals on the different tasks and thus it is
necessary to tap the language, motor and the executive motor skills. The children who
were predicted with this concern regarding language development and skill problem were
investigated to find out the extent of different risk factors and thus predict the poor
literacy outcomes. The predictors in the preschool included recognition of letters, rapid
automatic naming and development of executive skills. It can be said that dyslexia is the
outcome of different risk factors and children with difficulties in language are most likely
to experience this at the time of entry into the school. The family history related to

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dyslexia can also be referred as an important cause of the literacy outcome from the
school years. Snowling and Hulme (2012) have stated that the effective interventions for
different types of decoding deficits are considered by a wide range of interventions that
will promote in the development of language and reading skills. The effective
interventions for the different types of decoding deficits involve better knowledge on
letters, phonological awareness and other skills that are considered to be emergent for the
disease.
3.0 Methodology
The methodology of a research depends on the primary question set by the researcher as
well as the objectives of the research (Gray 2013). This will help in the generation of accurate
results for the research. The vital components of research are mentioned below:
Participants: In this research, deductive approach will be used so that it becomes easier to
deduce the facts about dyslexia among the children and find out better results for intervention
and treatment at an early age. This will help to arrive at a particular conclusion.
Procedures: The philosophy of the research helps the reader in order to get an insight into the
research objectives. This paper will follow the epistemological approach of research and thus
it will allow the researcher to find an acceptable area of research. The epistemological
approach will help to apply the data and thus find out the appropriate result. It is also
necessary to keep into consideration the ethical approach. The participants must not be forced
to give the answer and the researcher must not interpret the results of the participants by her
own way. (Broad 2014).
Research design: Qualitative research will help in conducting and presenting the research in
this paper in a descriptive way (Gray 2013). This paper will use qualitative method and it will

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highlight in a descriptive way so that it becomes easier to understand the effect of early
intervention and treatment for the children suffering from dyslexia.
Data Collection: Data will be collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary data
will be collected through survey and sample (Nicosia and Mayer 2009). Survey will be
conducted among the 100 households in a particular region of Belfast and thus the process of
simple random sampling will be chosen.
Data Analysis : The data collected will be analysed in a qualitative manner with the help of
bars and graphs in MS Excel. This helps to maintain accuracy and validity of the research and
the data should not be hypothetical.
Conclusion
Therefore, it can be said that early identification will allow better interventions so that
it can be implemented with lower self-esteem, downward spiral of the process of
underachievement and poor motivation. Remedial teachings have been developed for the
treatment of this disease and thus different approaches and methods have been adopted.

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References
Broad, C.D., 2014. Religion, philosophy and psychical research: selected essays. Routledge
Gray, D.E., 2013. Doing research in the real world. Sage
Lyytinen, H., Erskine, J., Hämäläinen, J., Torppa, M. and Ronimus, M., 2015. Dyslexia—
Early identification and prevention: Highlights from the Jyväskylä longitudinal study of
dyslexia. Current developmental disorders reports, 2(4), pp.330-338.
Nicosia, F. M. and Mayer, R. N., 2009. Toward a Sociology of Consumption, The Journal of
Consumer Research, 3.2, pp. 65-75.
Snowling, M.J. and Hulme, C., 2012. Interventions for children's language and literacy
difficulties. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 47(1), pp.27-34
Snowling, M.J., 2013. Early identification and interventions for dyslexia: a contemporary
view. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 13(1), pp.7-14.
Thompson, P.A., Hulme, C., Nash, H.M., Gooch, D., Hayiou‐Thomas, E. and Snowling,
M.J., 2015. Developmental dyslexia: predicting individual risk. Journal of Child Psychology
and Psychiatry, 56(9), pp.976-987.