Livestock Export Industry in Australian Economy: A Quantitative Analysis

This research paper analyses and evaluates the significance of the Livestock export industry in Australian economy using excel calculation and Leontief Input-Output analysis. It also includes the Type I and Type II multiplier calculation, industrial findings, transport and support service, knowledge of economics, literature review, recommendation on the Austria government analysis and conclusion.

Quantitative Analysis
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Table of Content
s
Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................... 2
Discussion........................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Industrial findings............................................................................................................................................................ 4
Type I multiplier.............................................................................................................................................................. 4
Transport and support service........................................................................................................................................ 11
Knowledge of economics................................................................................................................................................. 11
Literature review............................................................................................................................................................ 12
Recommendation on the Austria government analysis....................................................................................................13
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Reference....................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Introduction
By using excel calculation for this project, we shall analyse and evaluate the significance
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of the Livestock export industry in Australian economy and which also is the objective of this
research paper. For Australia’s large economy we shall evaluate and research about the
technology matrix and calculate the Type I and Type II multiplier. Without including the
household spending in this analysis, we shall make use of the Leontief Input-Output analysis to
identify the modifications in the other industry’s output, both in terms of dollars and as a
percentage value. M, the technology matrix will be given as,
M = Each Column of Inputs
Total input on the agriculture sector
This we shall study and analyses in this research paper.
Discussion
The Guarantee of the Animal husbandry and their welfare, including the animal rights has
been given by the Australian government which has agriculture service and a consistent business
related to the livestock. Focusing on every animal and livestock subjected to the slaughter in
Australia, the Australian government will assist in looking at and ensuring of new laws related to
the safety and security. This shall also benefit the supply chain warranty by providing
verification and transparency to the whole new system of livestock related matters, Inspite there
may be a possibility of stopping biofuels in the industry. The most important point for the
Australian Government is the improvement of Animal welfare and their rights and for which it is
taking advice on conducting a series of business transactions for the given circumstances.
Evaluating similar type of issues, this review works on the same time with many different
processes without highlighting as to when the review shall be declared (Szulewski 2016).
At the Australian Live Export Market, the Senate Standing Committee on Rural Affairs
and Transport initiated an inquiry into animal health standards and their welfare status. On issues
related to the export sector specifically for the transportation of the livestock from Australia, the
Australian government has directly appointed three independent industrial government working
committees. Additionally, for the current applicability of technology multiplier 1 and technology
multiplier 2 control boxes, the Australian chief veterinarian has requested to integrate an
independent scientific assessment for the same. Agriculture, health and service is the sector of
which the Livestock industry forms a part of.
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Industrial findings
With the Australian Government putting special emphasis on Livestock transportation
and Animal Welfare, they have started studying the livestock export trade issues and in relation
to the same have suspended trade with Indonesia. This will have an impact upon the industry and
its relation with other countries with regards to the business and economics as Australia was
always considered as a reliable supplier of livestock. Because of this suspension, some of the
Australian Livestock businesses, connected with the trade, got affected and led to the welfare
concerns as they were unable to ship their livestock’s because of the suspension which also
included sizeable assistance payments (Tárnok 2014).
Type I multiplier dataset,
Type 2 multiplier dataset,
Type I multiplier
Technology matrix for the type I multiplier
Step 1: Use the underlying assumption total input = total output to complete the following
input/output table
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Step 2: Calculate the technology matrix, M, by dividing each column of inputs by total input
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Step 3: Determine the inverse of (I – M)
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Step 4: Total requirements table and interpretation
0
1
2
3
4
2 2
3.3
2.2
3.4
2.4 2 2 2.6 2 1.8 2 2.62.2
3.6
1.4
3.51
2.54
3.39
2.682.392.041.91.79
2.392.21.952.252.282.24
1.18
Type 1 multiplier
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Type II multiplier
Step 1: Use the underlying assumption total input = total output to complete the following
input/output table
Step 2: Calculate the technology matrix, M, by dividing each column of inputs by total input
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Step 3: Determine the inverse of (I – M)
9

Step 4: Total requirements table and interpretation
10

0
1
2
3
4
type II multiplier
Transport and support service
Strict and laid downed rules and regulations with clear standards by the Australian Government
in relation to the animal health during their transportation from one place to other, as Australia is
a large country and livestock are required to travel. Published by the Animal Health Australia,
[2.94], as per their Traffic guidelines and regulations, to reduce the risk of injury and for the
interior trailer distribution in the traffic trailer, the animal trailer or animal trauma will not be
reduced or lowered. We have to consider the animal’s habits for generating the allowable
travelling time during transportation like, for goats over six months and less than four months go
to the water for over 48 hours. One of the most controversial and debatable issues related to the
livestock breeding in Australia is the notable parts of distant transport of the Australian livestock.
It is one of the most debatable topics in Australian industry for Livestock’s [2.24]. With
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restarting of the trade in the Australian media [2.22, 2.66, 1.96], and suspension of the livestock
trade to Indonesia in 2011 [1.45, 1.72, 1.56],which have been the outcome of the direct export
exchanges and direct export campaigns sustained for a long period of time by various Animal
Rights groups and welfare societies. Affecting the trade in Australia in relation to the livestock
industry, media has been instigating a lot of anger and campaigns to point out this problem [3.15,
2.65, 1.16, and 0.66]. The local Australian public does not support the trade with the amount of
exposure and awareness on Direct Export Trading in the media and in news [4.48, 5.09].
Knowledge of economics
Below are the main considerations that affect the Livestock Trade,
 Market value
 Market demand and relative seasonal variation
 Production geographical concentration
 Agricultural level (150,225,125)
 Service level (170, 0,30)
 Health status (210,250,140)
For any transport in animals [4.48], a good and trustworthy animal welfare organization is
required. The practices of small and inexpensive people's transportation and livestock interests
[0.25, 0.25, 0.42], are not known to some of local researchers, except Australia. For the peace
loving Canadians [3], studies in Europe have shown how much shocked they are to know data
regarding the space permits. The main objective and criteria for the livestock trading and
transportation [8] (p. 348), should be gaining knowledge of animals [for example], rather than
the expression of natural production processes and biological primary output processes.
Analysing the Australian meat consumers' approaches towards agricultural animal welfare in
Australian sheep and beef veterinary industries is the main study point of this research paper and
in the context of this project. As part of Australia's direct-export trade (described below), studies
and survey programs have shown, many concerns expressed by participants about red meat
production focus on cattle transportation in trucks. These have also lead to researchers emphasize
more problems than expected and the participants of the program sometimes take their answers
to unexpected domains.
We shall now proceed to the next topic where we shall try to analyse the response of the
participants and solution form the agriculture government regarding the queries raised by the
participants and answers to their questions for about the animal transportation and their overall
welfare.
Literature review
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Livestock’s like sheep and beef and their related transportation in Australia, with respect to the
meat eating people and their perspective, will be studied in this section and as per this paper.
Outside the direct export environment, people are not aware about the animal transport practices
in Australia. With limited knowledge and even less information, Consumers are in the blind
when topics like cattle breeding (a vital area of Australian livestock production) and their
transportation is talked about. Almost all of them were unaware of the open-end, general animal
farming and animal welfare and these participants of the survey do not explicitly mention
specific manufacturing practices. The basic idea was to know about their information knowledge
about the welfare and our goal was to get the set-up of deep-mindedness of what we care about.
Involving the data-collection processes, with research related questions, our methods are based
on a general stimulating standard model and based on our research paper (GEE, 2017). The skills
thus will be generalized for example, population. But because of the character trait of research
methods where participation is more important than how many participants make a specific
claim;this approach did not attempt to produce statistically significant data or strict
representation.
To understand the approach of Australian meat consumers' animal husbandry, we have another
reference research paper, where the use of theoretical analysis of interviews and focus groups is
taken into consideration. These studies and the outcomes have resulted arbitrarily, which is
unlike previous preliminary studies about transportation of livestock’s. The reason given about
traffic in the concerned areas of participations, where interviews and focus groups were
conducted, the transportation of this livestock becomes very unpleasant for our participants. In
Melbourne area alone, there are three low-level graduate colleges, three more places for the data
collection, which shows that livestock campuses are common in Australia. With a significant
media and political attention, the direct export issue is the most controversial public issue in
Australia dealing with the livestock breeding and transportation. “Why the participants had
particular concerns” was the obvious nature of the question used in the current study to
understand the concerns of the participants. For long-term slaughters, there is a growing concern
among the participants of the survey program, and the findings are conspicuous by them who are
concerned of theanimals and the condition in which they are transported in trucks and direct
shipments.
Used in the betterment and improving conditions of the current animal welfare science, we can
take this from the findings of our study. For the Australian Government, finding the best
economic service on the agriculture sector by using the precise transportation service and then
applying the technology matrix should be the priority.
Recommendation on the Austria government analysis
For the development of the standard requirement, a standard code for livestock
["Australian Code for Exports of Export of Livestock"] which concentrates upon the benefits for
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the animals during the export from states and territories, should be discussed. Views and
feedbacks from the industrial and animal welfare groups have to be considered for improving the
standards of animal welfare. A program run by the Australian Meat and Live-State Industrial Act
1997 and Export Cut interim national standard, from May 1, 2004 to December 31, 2004, was
conducted specifically for the explaining the process of production, preparation, coordination
and transportation of animals for the purpose of recognizing and exporting with the expected
effects of the quality of the livestock. It should be taken into consideration as to whether a
particular company exporter has completed the industry quality assurance standards for the
government to consider it’s and alsofor any comments that have been given and if any decision
has been taken. Compulsory provisions have to be provided by the Research and Development of
Quality Guarantee Systems for supporting its commitment and to ensure that its members have
the best practices to implement and that their feedback has been taken seriously and actions are
being taken on it. A random and surprise testing of the livestock shipments, with or without a
Doctor should ba carried out by at least 10% of AQIS.
There should be a channel and a system for reporting to the AQIS about matters related to the
Animal Welfare which shall include,
 Any death or infection cases
 Any environmental conditions on the vessel which affects the livestock’s health
and living conditions
 Failure to provide the livestock with food, irrigation or ventilation systems
 Quality assurance must be provided professional copies of entrepreneurial reports
to promote projects;
 Livestock Business owner and organization should bear all the costs related to
these veterinarians.
Improving the onboard shipping plans for the transported Livestock’s, was important as per a
recent ship visit and its findings.
Conclusion
The various areas and sectors where Beef industry is taking place in Australia which includes the
rational classification of geography, productivity and marketing factors should be provided in
distribution maps and charts for easy reference and study. These maps should provide data
regarding the livestock with information like the number and size of livestock and animals, and
animal densities. Evidence should be gathered for any defects and discussions. The topic of the
Buying and selling of these livestock and the factors that control them should be identified and
noted. Relevant sectors related to clustering and livestock composition, including from the
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various sources with special emphasis on issues and problems faced shall be identified. The bulk
of the economy encompasses a unit of change in a particular segment and the three factors that
the economy relies on are output, revenue and jobs.
We shall now complete the Type I multiplier on the final agriculture economic value which is
4.48 and Type II multiplier of the value is 5.09. In 2010, Australia, US $ 250 million was
exported, an estimated value of $ 425 million worth of sheep and goats were in Australia's
agricultural exports at 2.7 percent. Australia’s export of livestock was goats to 9 countries and
exporting sheep to 16 countries with total exports of livestock to 19 countries. The regional
economy of Australia is contributed majorly by the meat exports and this industry is concentrated
within the specific area. In 2009-2011, Western Australian ports were the major export points for
the goats, contributing 80% of live goats, and over 4.48 percent of total live cattle exports came
from Agriculture Queensland and Western Australia.
We have thus ended out study and analysis of Australia’s Livestock transport related problems
and things which affect this.
Reference
Szulewski, Piotr. 2016. "Providing Measurement Data Using Excel Spreadsheet And
OPC". Mechanik, no. 10: 1314-1315. doi:10.17814/mechanik.2016.10.339.
Tárnok, Attila. 2014. "The Value Of Quantitative Analysis". Cytometry Part A 85 (4): 287-
288. doi:10.1002/cyto.a.22458.
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