Data on GDP per Capita

This document provides data on GDP per Capita for different years. It includes the year and the corresponding GDP per Capita value.

Question 1:
a) Check online (VU Collaborate) the years that other students have chosen' ensure you choose a
different year then choose the starting year that you have chosen and announce it online to
your classmates.
State the year you have chosen
Answer
I have chosen the year 1986
b) State the ending year so that you have data from between 20 consecutive years.
Answer
The ending year is 2005
Question 2:
a) Identify and list at least 5 of the quantitative variables mentioned in the articles
Answer
 Population
 Net immigration
 Unemployment rate
 GDP
 Wages
b) These articles claim that the Australian government policy over the last decades of maintaining a
relatively high immigration rate has caused the economy (the gross domestic product or the
GDP) and the population as a whole to grow.
From one of the articles cut and paste a quote where this effect of immigration on population is
stated or implied. Be sure to reference it correctly using the Harvard referencing method.
Answer
“When you have a population growing that fast, you need to create a lot of jobs just to keep up”
(Carrington, 2017). There is swelling in the population growth as a result of new migrants.
Question 3:
a) Extracted data on total population
Answer
Year Total Pop. Year Total Pop.
1994 17,900,000 2004 20,100,000
1995 18,100,000 2005 20,400,000
1996 18,300,000 2006 20,700,000
1997 18,500,000 2007 21,100,000
1998 18,700,000 2008 21,500,000
1999 19,000,000 2009 21,900,000
2000 19,200,000 2010 22,300,000

2001 19,400,000 2011 22,600,000
2002 19,600,000 2012 22,900,000
2003 19,800,000 2013 23,200,000
b) Line graph representation of the data
Answer
c) Absolute change in population
Answer
Year Total Pop. Absolute
change in pop.
Year Total
Pop.
Absolute
change in pop.
1994 17,900,000 2004 20100000 300000
1995 18,100,000 200,000 2005 20400000 300000
1996 18,300,000 200,000 2006 20700000 300000
1997 18,500,000 200,000 2007 21100000 400000
1998 18,700,000 200,000 2008 21500000 400000
1999 19,000,000 300,000 2009 21900000 400000
2000 19,200,000 200,000 2010 22300000 400000
2001 19,400,000 200,000 2011 22600000 300000
2002 19,600,000 200,000 2012 22900000 300000
2003 19,800,000 200,000 2013 23200000 300000
d) Average absolute change
Answer
Average absolute change=∑ xi
n = 200000+…+300000
19 = 5300000
19 =278,947.37
e) Percentage increase in population that is the relative change over the 20 year period

Answer
Relative change= ( 23200000−17900000
17900000 )∗100 %=26.6089 %
f) At what annual rate of growth did the population grow?
Answer
1+ R
100 =(1+ r
100 )20
R=26.6089 %
1+ 26.6089
100 =( 1+ r
100 )
20
1.266089= (1+ r
100 )20
1.2660891 /20=1+ r
100
r
100 =1.2660891/ 20−1
r = ( 1.2660891/ 20−1 ) ∗100
r = ( 1.01305−1 )∗100
r =1.305 %
g) Do the graph and your calculations confirm that the population has grown?
Answer
Yes both the graph and the calculations fully confirm that the population has really grown.
h) Research online for Australia GDP in 2018, write down the number you find in words, scientific
notation, state the date at which the estimate was made for, and cite the source of your
information.
Answer
The population of Australia as by 2018 is recorded as 2.5 ×107 (Australian Bureau of Statistics,
2018).
Question 4:
a) Data
Answer
Year GDP Year GDP
1998 3.99E+11 2008 1.05E+12
1999 3.88E+11 2009 9.26E+11
2000 4.15E+11 2010 1.14E+12
2001 3.78E+11 2011 1.39E+12
2002 3.94E+11 2012 1.54E+12
2003 4.66E+11 2013 1.57E+12
2004 6.12E+11 2014 1.46E+12

2005 6.93E+11 2015 1.35E+12
2006 7.46E+11 2016 1.21E+12
2007 8.52E+11 2017 1.32E+12
b) Line graph
Answer
c) Absolute change in population
Answer
Year GDP Absolute
change
Year GDP Absolute
change
1998 3.99E+1
1
2008 1.05E+12 2.01E+11
1999 3.88E+1
1
1.05E+10 2009 9.26E+11 1.26E+11
2000 4.15E+1
1
2.66E+10 2010 1.14E+12 2.18E+11
2001 3.78E+1
1
3.68E+10 2011 1.39E+12 2.5E+11
2002 3.94E+1
1
1.63E+10 2012 1.54E+12 1.49E+11
2003 4.66E+1
1
7.18E+10 2013 1.57E+12 3.03E+10
2004 6.12E+1
1
1.46E+11 2014 1.46E+12 1.09E+11
2005 6.93E+1
1
8.07E+10 2015 1.35E+12 1.16E+11

2006 7.46E+1
1
5.29E+10 2016 1.21E+12 1.41E+11
2007 8.52E+1
1
1.06E+11 2017 1.32E+12 1.15E+11
d) Average absolute change
Answer
Average absolute change=∑ xi
n = 1.05E+10+ …+1.15E+11
19 =2.00E+12
19 =1.05E+11=1.05 ×1011
e) Percentage increase in population that is the relative change over the 20 year period
Answer
Relative change= ( 1.32E+12−3.99E+11
3.99E+11 )∗100 %=231.7683 %
f) At what annual rate of growth did the population grow?
Answer
1+ R
100 =(1+ r
100 )20
R=231.7683 %
1+ 231.7683
100 =( 1+ r
100 )
20
3.317683= ( 1+ r
100 )
20
3.3176831 /20=1+ r
100
r
100 =3.3176831/ 20−1
r = ( 3.3176831/ 20−1 )∗100
r = ( 1.061798−1 )∗100
r =6.1798 %
g) Do the graph and your calculations confirm that the GDP has grown?
Answer
Yes both the graph and the calculations fully confirm that the GDP has really grown.
h) Research online for Australia GDP in 2018, write down the number you find in words, scientific
notation, state the date at which the estimate was made for, and cite the source of your
information.
Answer
The GDP of Australia as by 2018 is recorded as 1.53 ×1012 (Australian Bureau of Statistics,
2018).
Question 5:
a) Downloaded data

Answer
Year Migration
1960 1700000
1965 2050000
1970 2460000
1975 2660000
1980 2900000
1985 3140000
1990 3960000
1995 4150000
2000 4390000
2005 4880000
2010 5880000
2015 6760000
b) Present the data in a line graph.
Answer
c) Absolute change in migration
Answer
Year Migration Absolute change
1960 1,700,000
1965 2,050,000 350,000
1970 2,460,000 410,000
1975 2,660,000 200,000

1980 2,900,000 240,000
1985 3,140,000 240,000
1990 3,960,000 820,000
1995 4,150,000 190,000
2000 4,390,000 240,000
2005 4,880,000 490,000
2010 5,880,000 1,000,000
2015 6,760,000 880,000
d) Average absolute change
Answer
Average absolute change=∑ xi
n = 350000+ …+880000
11 = 5060000
11
¿ 460000
e) Percentage increase in population that is the relative change over the 20 year period
Answer
Relative change= ( 2900000−1700000
1700000 )∗100 %=70.5882 %
f) At what annual rate of growth did the immigrant grow?
Answer
1+ R
100 =(1+ r
100 )20
R=70.5882%
1+ 70.5882
100 = ( 1+ r
100 )
20
1.705882= ( 1+ r
100 )
20
1.7058821/ 20=1+ r
100
r
100 =1.7058821/ 20−1
r = ( 1.7058821/ 20−1 )∗100
r = ( 1.027064−1 )∗100
r =2.7064 %
g) Research online for Australia planned immigrant intake in 2019, write down the number you
find in words, scientific notation, state the date at which the estimate was made for, and cite
the source of your information.
Answer
The Australia planned immigrant intake in 2019 is 1.5 ×106 (Australian Bureau of Statistics,
2018)

h) Does this data confirm or contradict the statement about immigration in the media articles?
Answer
This does not contradict the statement about immigration in the media articles at all.
Question 6:
a) Data
Answer
Year GDP per Capita Year GDP per Capita
1998 21318.96 2008 49535.26
1999 20521.78 2009 42709.8
2000 21669.41 2010 51936.89
2001 19482.57 2011 62411.79
2002 20074.23 2012 67864.69
2003 23437.31 2013 67990.29
2004 30401.55 2014 62327.56
2005 33961.68 2015 56561.41
2006 36019.2 2016 49896.68
2007 40905.47 2017 53799.94
b) Graphical representation
Answer
c) Absolute change in GDP per Capita
Answer
Year GDP per
Capita
Absolute
change
Year GDP per
Capita
Absolute
change
1998 21318.96 2008 49535.26 8629.787
1999 20521.78 797.1866 2009 42709.8 6825.455
2000 21669.41 1147.633 2010 51936.89 9227.085
2001 19482.57 2186.843 2011 62411.79 10474.9

2002 20074.23 591.6614 2012 67864.69 5452.904
2003 23437.31 3363.083 2013 67990.29 125.6002
2004 30401.55 6964.243 2014 62327.56 5662.734
2005 33961.68 3560.127 2015 56561.41 5766.144
2006 36019.2 2057.521 2016 49896.68 6664.731
2007 40905.47 4886.268 2017 53799.94 3903.257
d) Average absolute change
Answer
Average absolute change=∑ xi
n = 797.1866+…+3903.257
19 = 88287.16
19
¿ 4646.693
e) Percentage increase in population that is the relative change over the 20 year period
Answer
Relative change= ( 53799.94−21318.96
21318.96 )∗100 %=81.6912 %
f) At what annual rate of growth did the GDP per Capita growth?
Answer
1+ R
100 =(1+ r
100 )20
R=81.6912%
1+ 81.6912
100 = (1+ r
100 )20
1.816912= ( 1+ r
100 )
20
1.8169121/ 20=1+ r
100
r
100 =1.8169121/ 20−1
r = ( 1.8169121/ 20−1 )∗100
r = ( 1.030307−1 )∗100
r =3.0307 %
g) Do the graph and your calculations confirm that the GDP per Capita has grown?
Answer
Yes both the graph and the calculations fully confirm that the population has really grown.
h) Research online for Australia population in GDP per Capita in 2018, write down the number you
find in words, scientific notation and cite the source of your information.
Answer
The Australia GDP per capita for 2018 is 5.782× 104 (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2018)
i) Compare these results with the results obtained in Question 4 and state if the evidence confirms
or deny the claim made in the media article.

Answer
Comparing the results obtained in question 4, we can clearly see that we have enough evidence
that confirms the evidence made by the media article (Nikolić, Muresan, Feng, & Singer, 2012).
Question 7:
a) Data
Answer
Year GDP
growth
GDP per capita
growth
Year GDP
growth
GDP per capita
growth
1991 -0.38755 -1.64913 2001 1.93310
6
0.567907
1992 0.44261
6
-0.76878 2002 4.00302
2
2.741315
1993 4.03907
9
3.026189 2003 2.98574
5
1.722713
1994 3.97853
4
2.883717 2004 4.00110
6
2.802329
1995 3.82936
9
2.582635 2005 3.19031
6
1.837369
1996 3.87863
1
2.52278 2006 2.83423
3
1.328328
1997 3.96642 2.809803 2007 3.77732
9
3.131075
1998 4.57673
9
3.492463 2008 3.65776
7
1.601119
1999 5.01806
4
3.825055 2009 1.92272
7
-0.15645
2000 3.94318
9
2.711262 2010 2.05294
2
0.477801
b) Calculations
Answer
GDP
growth
GDP per capita
growth
Mean 3.182169 1.874475
Median 3.803349 2.552707
Max 5.018064 3.825055
Min -0.38755 -1.64913
Q1 2.63891 1.138223
Q3 3.984177 2.828282
IQR 1.345267 1.690059

Box plots

c) Does GDP growth measure the absolute change or the relative change in GDP from year to year?
Answer
It measures relative change in GDP from year to year
d) Does this data confirm or contradict the statements in the media articles?
Answer
Yes indeed the data confirm the statements in the media articles.
Question 8:
a) Briefly summarize the data you have found using appropriate tables and graphs
Answer

Total Pop.
House
Prices
Total Pop. 1
House Prices 0.986325 1
b) Include links to a website you have found containing relevant data.
Answer
The links to the data is given below;
https://www.gapminder.org/data/
Question 9:
In conclusion, this study sought to understand various economic parameters and compare with
what the media gives. Results showed that using the verified data sources we were able to confirm
the claims made by the media in regard to all the macroeconomic aspects discussed (Mahdavi
Damghani, 2012). For instance, we were able to analyze the trend analysis of the population growth
as well as the GDP growth and the results were totally in agreement with the media reports.
References

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2018). Macroeconomic data.
Carringhton, C. (2017). Australian wages stall, as immigration soars. Retrieved March 25, 2019,
from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-12-22/wages-stall-as-population-soars/9281552
Mahdavi Damghani, B. (2012). The Misleading Value of Measured Correlation. Wilmott, 1(1),
64–73. doi:10.1002/wilm.10167
Nikolić, D., Muresan, R. C., Feng, W., & Singer, W. (2012). Scaled correlation analysis: a better
way to compute a cross-correlogram. European Journal of Neuroscience, 35(5), 1–21.
doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2011.07987.x