Questionnaires: Construction, Administration, and Application

Running head: QUESTIONNAIRES 1
Questionnaires
Student name
Institution affiliation
Date

QUESTIONNAIRE 2
Introduction
There are different methods of research. A questionnaire is one of the methods of
research. A questionnaire is an instrument of research that consists of a series of questions.
The purposes of the questions in the question air it to gather information from the
respondents. The questionnaire was an invention of the statistical society of London back in
1838. Questions in a questionnaire are set with standardized answers to which makes
compiling of date much easier. There are different types of questionnaires. The set of
questions in a questionnaire make the questionnaires to differ. The questions are used to
measure different variables. They could be used to measure facts, preferences or behaviours.
There are questionnaires that contain questions grouped up in a scale or index. Such
questions can be used to measure latent traits, attitudes or an index. This paper explains the
construction, administration, and application of questionnaire in a descriptive research.
Construction of a Questionnaire
There is a series of questions in a questionnaire where the respondent is supposed to
answer them in a specific format. A difference is made between open-minded and closed-
minded questions. In instances of closed questions, the respondent responds by choosing one
of the answers from the multiple given answers. The response options in closed questions
ought to be exhaustive and equally exclusive. There are four forms of response scales for
closed-minded questions. Dichotomous is when the respondent has only two options. Where
the respondent has more than two unordered options its known as nominal-polytomous.
Where the respondent has more than two methodical options its known as ordinal-
polytomous (Krosnick, 2018). Continuous is when the respondent is provided with a
continuous scale. The questions should flow logically. They should form the least sensitive to
the most sensitive. They should form from general question to the specific questions.