This nursing assignment discusses wound management, infection control, and nursing care. It covers topics such as types of wounds, causes, and treatment options. The assignment also explores the importance of proper wound dressing and follow-up care.
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QUESTIONS2 1.Definitions- Acute wound-It is skin injury, which takes place unexpectedly. Chronic wound-this is awound, which does not heal in arranged set of levels Dermis-it is layer of skin between the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue. Exudate-it is mass of fluid and cells, which has leaked from blood vessels or organ. Purulent- this term is used in respect of drainage. Epithelialisation- It is normally noticeable at the wound margin Granulation-it is procedure of creating of grain from a powdery material or solid stuff, making the granular stuff. Erythema- this is skin’s redness. Macerated- in process of making food, this is softening or breaking in piece utilizing the liquid Cellulitis- it is severe bacterial skin infection.
QUESTIONS3 2. The Gauze’s utiliation to dress and bandagethe woundhas theoriginin past period, having been strongly developed by 5thcentury BCE and is still in use in present time. The wound managementis an all-inclusive word, which involves all spectrums of clinical measure, process, and intervention in the care of patient having wound (Bruyneel, et. al, 2015). 3. The National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standards were established by Commission with government of Australia, region partner and state partner, consumers and private segment. The major objective of NSQHS Standards is to secure people from harms and enhance the health care’s quality. The standards define the levels of care. They must be given by health service institutions. They should be ensured and reviewed by new regulatory developments. 4. The causes of wound may be externalwound and internal wound in origin.The internal wounds can take place because of the neuropathy or health sickness and impaired movement. On the other hand, the external causes can take place because of the outer force or disturbance, which may cause closedwound or open wound. 5. The best deal of data is available relating to molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, small is known in respect of mechanism of fungal pathogenesis. The types of fungal infection include Sporotrichosis, Candidiasis and Mucormycosis.For detection of diagnosisoffungal infection, hairs, skin and nail tissue is taken for culture and microscopy. The fungal infection can be treated by proper dressing and by application of relevantantifungal medication (Blackman, et. al, 2015).
QUESTIONS4 6. The infected woundis the contained fault of a skin or mentioning soft tissue were pathogenic organism has occupied into viable tissue nearby thewounds. It can be managed by various strategies or by using antiviral medicines. 7.The commoncausative organism connected withwound infectioninvolve Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes. The bacterial infections are eye infection and food poisoning. It can be managed by precautions. 8. The surgical wounds can be classified as below- Clean- for example; thyroid and vascular Contaminated- for example; Rectal surgery and penetrating wound Clean-contaminated- for example; gastric surgery and bronch Infected or dirty- for example; perforated bowel and peritonitis 9. Following are four stages of pressure ulcers- First stage is featured by erythema of intact skin, which is not blanched at the time of pressing. Second stageincludes the incomplete thickness skin losses including dermis, epidermis or both. Third stage is complete thickness skin loss including damages or necrosis of subcutaneous tissues. Fourth stage is the serious issue, as they open the body up to germs and virus. 10. The venous ulcersrefer to the wounds, which are considered to take place because of inappropriate performing ofvenousvalves, normally of legs such as legulcers. The venous
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QUESTIONS5 ulcersare the main happening of chronic wound, taking place in seventy per cent to ninety per cent of matters related to legulcer. 11. Various risk factors can contribute to an expansion of the arterial ulcer involving the following co morbidities and situations- Foot malformation and callus creation resulting in focal fields of the high pressure Bad footwear, which improperly secure against high pressure and trim fatness Diabetes mellitus lack of defensive sensation because of the reason of peripheral neuropathy restricted joint mobility 12. The mixed ulcers refer to the outcome of the mixture of arterial disease as well as venous. The mixedaetiologyulcersare very difficult. The mixedaetiologyulcers may alter the characters in a quick way, for an example while the arterial diseases are quickly progressive. It happens as outcome of chronic venous issues in low limb being exacerbated firmness may have advantages (Tobiano, et. al, 2015). 13. Following are the four discharges from wounds- Serosanguineous- this type of discharge can be of pink color or dark red color. This type of discharge is watery and thin. Serous- it is plasma that is clear, diluted and skinny.
QUESTIONS6 Sanguineous- This is the fresh blood, which is prevalent amongst deep wound of complete and incomplete depth. Purulent- one can be experiencing purulent discharge while a leakage from the wound seems milky (Bragadóttir, Kalisch & Tryggvadóttir, 2017). 14. Malignant wound- Malignant wound is the result ofcancerouscells sensitizing the skin and the supporting blood and lymph vessel causing losses in vascularity may lead to tissue death. The aim of care of malignant wound may move from healing to the palliative strategy, making focus on three center principles. The symptom management is very significant principle. This is followed by wound management and handling of an underlying tumor in a case where it is proper and reasonable. Prior to making approach the care of malignant wound, to render practical expectation, there is the requirement to state and end the disgrace. 15. Significant features of a neuropathic ulceration- the neuropathic ulceration is very useful and effective in reducing the pressure on the unnatural (affected) areas. The neuropathic ulceration prevents the skin damages occur at the initial stage. The neuropathic ulceration can be the helpful attached in a supervision or execution of diabetic foot ulceration. 16. The wound infection may also cause systemic infection needing imperative interventions. On the other hand, it happens while the body releases chemical in the blood to face infectivity, thus reasoning the inflammatory reaction all through a body.Sepsis-related irritation may result in wide array of bodily changes, which harm the organs. 17. The burn is categorized asfirst degree burn, second degree burn, or third-degree burn. First- degree burn affects only the outerlayer of the skin. This burn site is red. This is very throbbing, dry, and without blister. Second-degree burn involves the portion of the skin’s dermis
QUESTIONS7 layer.Third-degree burn demolishes the epidermis and can go in the subcutaneous tissue. Fourth degree burn also damages the basic bones and muscle. 18. The approaches of prevention, which are critical in the control and prevention of burn wound infection. The antibiotic Prophylaxis is another good strategy to prevent burn wound infection. In this way, this is the best approachto decrease morbidity and mortality connected with burn (Tobiano, et. al, 2015). 19. The fistulais the irregular link between two body parts, like blood vessel or the organ and another structure.Fistulasare the result of an wound or damages. They may also causethe fistulasto create (Urden, Stacy & Lough, 2017). 20. Sinus-Thesinus is the connected system of void cavity in the head. The major sinus cavity is about an inch across. In most of the matters, the dressings, which would properly drain the cavities and encourage granulation, are proper, though in severe matters, this can be essential to surgically lie on the wound to correctly treat wound (Berman, Snyder & Frandsen, 2016). 21. Full thickness skin graft reporting of radial forearm free flap giver site is better to split thickness skin graft exposure in respect of visual result, and has no statistically important differences in respect of tendon exposure, period to curing at skin graft giver site, period to curing at skin graft receiver site, or the post functioning hurting (Cherry & Jacob, 2016). 22. Visceral wounds refer to abdominalvisceralinjuries, which are met by all surgeons who deal with disturbance. Visceral injury continues to be the main cause of morbidity and humanity in complete image of disturbance or suffering. The important developments in diagnosis and proper management in various field of visceral injury, are required.
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QUESTIONS8 23. Thebasic principlesformanagement of woundare discussed below- Haemostasis- this procedure causes bleeding to end Clean the wound- this is significant for decreasing infectionand encouraging healing Analgesia- it permits for the humane and simpler ending of wound. Skin closure- Aid woundhealing, boundaries of wound may bephysically contrasted. Dressing andfollow-up suggestion- it will decrease the infection (Hockenberry & Wilson, 2018).
QUESTIONS9 References Berman, A., Snyder, S., & Frandsen, G. (2016).Kozier & Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, process and practice. Boston: Pearson. Blackman, I., Henderson, J., Willis, E., Hamilton, P., Toffoli, L., Verrall, C. & Harvey, C. (2015). Factors influencing why nursing care is missed.Journal of clinical nursing,24(1- 2), 47-56. Bragadóttir, H., Kalisch, B. J., & Tryggvadóttir, G. B. (2017). Correlates and predictors of missed nursing care in hospitals.Journal of clinical nursing,26(11-12), 1524-1534. Bruyneel, L., Li, B., Ausserhofer, D., Lesaffre, E., Dumitrescu, I., Smith, H. L. & Sermeus, W. (2015). Organization of hospital nursing, provision of nursing care, and patient experiences with care in Europe.Medical Care Research and Review,72(6), 643-664. Cherry, B., & Jacob, S. R. (2016).Contemporary nursing: Issues, trends, & management. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences. Hockenberry, M. J., & Wilson, D. (2018).Wong's nursing care of infants and children-E-book. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences. Tobiano, G., Bucknall, T., Marshall, A., Guinane, J., & Chaboyer, W. (2015). Nurses' views of patient participation in nursing care.Journal of advanced nursing,71(12), 2741-2752.
QUESTIONS10 Tobiano, G., Marshall, A., Bucknall, T., & Chaboyer, W. (2015). Patient participation in nursing care on medical wards: an integrative review.International Journal of Nursing Studies,52(6), 1107-1120. Urden, L. D., Stacy, K. M., & Lough, M. E. (2017).Critical care nursing: diagnosis and management. Amsterdam: Elsevier Health Sciences.