Assignment on Radioactivity

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Added on 2021-02-19

Assignment on Radioactivity

Added on 2021-02-19

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Radioactivity (Physics A-Level)

Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1Types of Radioactive Decay and Characteristic of Radiation.....................................................1Explanation of Origins, Penetration, Energy Deposition and Measurement of Radiation..........2Calculation Involving Radiation Dose.........................................................................................3Safe handling and safe usage of radiation sources.......................................................................3CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTIONThe radiation is emission or transmission of energy in form of energy waves or particlesin the space. The radiation is originated form the unbalanced atoms. The reason behind this isthat the atom want to be stable and cause of this imbalance stability is not possible. To setequilibrium in atom the energy is released in from of alpha, beta and gamma radiation. Thisreport is covering different aspect of radiation physics. Types of radioactive decay is explainedin report. The characteristic of different typoe of radiation is also explained in report.Types of Radioactive Decay and Characteristic of RadiationThere are three main type of radioactive decay in physics (Attix and Tochilin eds., 2016).Alpha decay, beta decay and gamma decay.Alpha DecayThe alpha decay is a process to make an unstable atom to become a stable atom. In thisprocess the nucleus of a atom sheds two protons and two neutrons in a packet which is known asalpha particle. As the atom loses the alpha particle it changes in other element.238 U92 →234Th90 +4He2Beta decayIt is also the process to make a atom more stable. There are two types of beta decay betaplus and beta minus decay. In the beta minus decay a neutron is converted into a proton and anelectron and anti neutrino is created in the process. In the Beta plus decay a proton is convertedinto neutron and a positron and electron neutrino created in the process.32P15 →32S16 + e–+ v–22Na11 →22Ne10 + e++ vGamma Decaythe gamma decay is a process which is occurred in an unstable atom. The excess amountof energy is dissipated in the process of spontaneous electromagnetic process. This is consideredas the most common type of gamma decay.1

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Assignment on Radioactivity