Types of Corruption in Australia and Strategies to Reduce it

This article discusses the types of corruption in Australia, including electoral fraud, bribery, and slush funds. It also suggests strategies that the government can implement to reduce corruption and its negative impact on the economy and society.

Corruption
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2

Corruption
Types of corruption..........................................................................................................................2
 Electoral fraud......................................................................................................................2
 Bribery..................................................................................................................................3
 Slush fund.............................................................................................................................3
Strategies that should be considered by the government so that rate of corruption can be reduced
.........................................................................................................................................................4
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................5
References........................................................................................................................................6
Appendices......................................................................................................................................7
1

Corruption
Introduction
Corruption is known as one of the factor which is related with taking advantage for own use and
it is the behavior which is illegal of the individual to attain the profits for their personal use. In
the present era, it can be analyzed that corruption is considered as the social evil which exist in
the society. If focus is given on the routine activities, it can be seen that it is increasing and
impacting the overall country economy. It is a method in which individual offer something to
some other person and in return the individual finish the task which is given. Corruption is not
ethical in the eye of law and also for this punishment can be given to the individual who is
engaged in these operations.
There are various types of corruption that will be explained in the paper and the home country is
Australia. The discussion will be related to corruption in Australia. The strategies will be also
elaborated which are necessary to be considered by the government.
Corruption Types
There are various types of corruption. Corruptions that exist in Australia are many. The
corruptions that exist in the Australian society are Electoral fraud, slush fund and bribery.
 Electoral fraud
In Australia, Electoral Fraud falls under one of the types of corruption. It can be stated that these
types of corruption takes place at the time of elections as in this the manipulation is done of the
frauds. This type of corruption is done to enhance the votes of parties by impacted the other
parties vote. It can be said that fraud takes place when votes are given by the individual (Smith,
2016).
The political parties can attain the advantage of more votes by engaging in fraudulent activities.
The department of electoral commission has examined that there are 17,000 to whom the
questions are asked and these activities are done to enhance the votes of the specific parties
(Graycar, 2015).
The report issued by the charitable trust has 17 MILL registrations which are considered by
individuals who died and also their votes are considered as valid. The individuals who are died
and there are people who have done their registration in more than one state. So, the corruption
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Corruption
takes place when people give votes by using the ID cards of the people who are died and who
have the non-citizen registration. The votes are given by the people and it is not considered as an
ethical practice in the eyes of law. The name of individual who are died is considered at the time
of voting and also of the people who have registered themselves in different states. This can be
considered as the type of corruption that exists in Australia and it has negatively impacted the
factor related to equality. It is because of the fraudulent activities that equality and justice does
not take place in the society. It is important to have proper focus on fraud operations concerned
with Electoral Fraud so that the party who deserve to be selected can win and also it will boost
proper control on entire function (Graycar, 2017).
 Bribery
It is considered as an act in which the exchange is done of money or valuable asset, the second
party also completes the assigned operations which are offered in exchange of anything.
Individual provides bribe to next person so it also manages the operations. Bribery is considered
as an illegal process that impacts the entire economy in a negative manner. There are Australian
Jurisdictions who are focusing on bribery in the public office as it influences the attitude of
individual. If emphasis is on the overall ranking of the country, then it can be stated that
Australia is on 13th rank. But in the eye of law the person who is indulged in the fraudulent
activities have to face punishment (Banuri and Eckel, 2015).
It can be examined that people who are indulged in operations of bribery are penalized for more
than 10 years and also they are penalized by AUD 1.1, MILL. If business is indulged in the
fraudulent activities then for them the penalty is of AUD 17 MILL (Fehon, 2017). It can be
stated that federation in Australia that have six states and two self-governing territories. The
constitution of Australia focuses on the segment where the commonwealth legislate the power
and it also stops the overall residue of the states (Islam, 2014).
 Slush fund
It can also be considered as the black money and it can be stated that it is a fund that is managed
by the actions which are not legal according to the law. It was taken into consideration in the
politics and also these funds are not disclosed and they are kept secure in the place where is can
be difficult to find. The main emphasis is given by the higher authorities and they do not disclose
the data related to fund. There are secret reserves that are created so that people does not find out
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the funds in an easy manner (Gottschalk and Stanislas, 2017). For example: It can be stated that
the slush funds are created in the Australian schools. This adversely affects the entire operations
of the country and also impact the growth rate.
Strategies by the government
It is necessary to take into consideration the strategies by the government so that it can be easy to
minimize the issue related to corruption. If corruption is minimized then it can be examined that
economy growth can be easily done. By implementing the government policies and regulations it
can be simple to minimize the issue related to the overall rate of corruption. If focus is on bribery
then there are strategies that are necessary to be implemented. To minimize the rate of bribery it
can be stated that the system concerned with impunity should be taken into consideration so that
the person who is engaged in the fraudulent activities can be punished without any other reason.
It is necessary to take into consideration an essential system of law enforcement as it can help to
maintain equality and also it helps to give punishment that are doing unethical act (Perry, 2017).
It is necessary to focus on maintaining transparency of the data so that it can be easy for the
public to share their views and also it can assist to minimize the overall corruption rate. Bribery
rate can be minimized by considering the strategy concerned with auditing. It is essential for the
government to focus on proper auditing companies so that the issue related with bribery can be
resolved (Latimer, 2017).
By giving emphasis on the Electoral it can be stated that it is necessary for the government to
focus on the method in which the person gives votes for the first time cannot be eligible for
giving vote for the next time. This method can help in reducing the fraud in relation to the votes
and justice can be maintained. The rules are created by government that voting will be completed
for a specified time period and at a particular place. It is also necessary that government should
take id proof of the people who are engaged in giving votes so that they cannot give vote again.
Therefore, this can be considered as the best way that can help to maintain equality and also the
winning team will win who deserve to be on the position. Winning position are considered by the
frauds which take place by different parties.
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To control the issue of corruption, in relation to the slush fund it is important for the government
to focus on maintaining the methods that can track of the dollars which are used. With the help
of techniques it can be easy to stop the black money in the entire economy (Savery, 2015).
Conclusion
So, it can be concluded that there are various techniques that can help in minimizing the issue of
corruption and also there are various types in relation to corruption. So, in the first phase of the
report the discussion is made on the types of corruption like bribery, Electoral fraud and slush
fund. It is important to reduce it so that corruption in the country can be reduced and it will
positively impact the overall growth of the economy. With the help of less corruption equality is
also the factor that can be maintained. So, it is important for the government to emphasize on
considering the auditing companies and also to track the dollars so that overall process of
corruption can be minimized. If focus is on the recommendations are implemented then it is
simple for the country to boost the economy. By considering these strategies it can be easy to
reduce the overall rate of corruption and also it will boost the activities which exist in the
economy.
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References
Banuri, S. and Eckel, C., 2015. Cracking down on bribery. Social Choice and Welfare, 45(3),
pp.579-600.
Fehon, M., 2017. Implications of the proposed amendments to Australia's foreign bribery
laws. Governance Directions, 69(6), p.334.
Gottschalk, P. and Stanislas, P. eds., 2017. Public Corruption: Regional and National
Perspectives on Procurement Fraud. CRC Press.
Graycar, A., 2015. Corruption: Classification and analysis. Policy and Society, 34(2), pp.87-96.
Graycar, A., 2017. Corruption. In The Palgrave Handbook of Australian and New Zealand
Criminology, Crime and Justice(pp. 251-267). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Islam, M.A., 2014. Bribery and corruption in Australian local councils. Public Money &
Management, 34(6), pp.441-446.
Latimer, P., 2017. Anti-bribery laws–compliance issues in Australia. Journal of Financial
Crime, 24(1), pp.4-16.
Perry, P.J., 2017. Political Corruption in Australia: A Very Wicked Place?. Routledge.
Savery, J., 2015. Voting rights and intellectual disability in Australia: an illegal and unjustified
denial of rights. Sydney L. Rev., 37, p.287.
Smith, R., 2016. Confidence in paper-based and electronic voting channels: evidence from
Australia. Australian Journal of Political Science, 51(1), pp.68-85.
Transparency, 2017.Corruption perception index. .[Online]. Available at
https://www.transparency.org/news/feature/corruption_perceptions_index_2016 . [Accessed on
14 January 2019].
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Appendices
(Source: Transparency, 2017).
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