A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia. A longitudinal study of home and family environment related to development of obesity
Verified
Added on 2022/07/29
|1
|834
|24
Presentation
AI Summary
Poster
Contribute Materials
Your contribution can guide someone’s learning journey. Share your
documents today.
Childhood Obesity According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) (2017), over-weight and obesity is the major public health issue among the Australian population. The main victims of obesity are the children. During 2014, one out of five (20%) children in Australia are over-weight or obese and 11% are over-weight but are not obese and 9% are obese. For girls and boys between the age group of 2 to 4 years and 5 to 17 years are victims of obesity. The trends in obesity among the Australian children increased from 21% to 25% from 1995 to 2007. After 2007 there rate remained stable until a further increase post 2014. Over-weight and obesity are responsible for nearly 7% of the health burden among the Australian population and of this 63% is regarded as fatal health burden. Dietary risk factors are the main contributors behind childhood obesity other factors include physical inactivity and obesogenic environment. •References • •Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). (2017).A picture of overweight and obesity in Australia 2017.Access date: 19thApril 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/172fba28-785e-4a08-ab37-2da3bbae40b8/aihw-phe-216.pdf.aspx?inline=true •East, P., Delker, E., Blanco, E., Burrows, R., Lozoff, B., & Gahagan, S. (2019). Home and family environment related to development of obesity: A 21-year longitudinal study.Childhood Obesity,15(3), 156-166. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2018.0222 •Feng, L., Wei, D. M., Lin, S. T., Maddison, R., Mhurchu, C. N., Jiang, Y., ... & Wang, H. J. (2017). Systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based obesity interventions in mainland China.PLoS One,12(9). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184704 •Gittelsohn, J., Novotny, R., Trude, A. C. B., Butel, J., & Mikkelsen, B. E. (2019). Challenges and Lessons Learned from Multi-Level Multi-Component Interventions to Prevent and Reduce Childhood Obesity.International journal of environmental research and public health,16(1), 30.https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16010030 •Jalali, M. S., Sharafi‐Avarzaman, Z., Rahmandad, H., & Ammerman, A. S. (2016). Social influence in childhood obesity interventions: a systematic review.obesity reviews,17(9), 820-832.https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12420 •Lucas, J. A., Moonie, S., Hogan, M. B., & Evans, W. N. (2018). Efficacy of an exercise intervention among children with comorbid asthma and obesity.Public health,159, 123-128.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2018.02.014 •Marks, J., Barnett, L. M., & Allender, S. (2019). Is school community perception of student weight status a barrier for addressing childhood obesity?.Health Promotion Journal of Australia,30(1), 28-36.https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.172 •NSW Government. (2019).Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Access date: 19thApril 2020. Retrieved from:https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/heal/Publications/child-obesity-snapshot.pdf •NSW Government. (2019).NSW Childhood Overweight And Obesity. Access date: 19thApril 2020. Retrieved from:http://www.healthstats.nsw.gov.au/Resources/child-obesity-data-report.pdf •Thompson, S. R., Watson, M. C., & Tilford, S. (2018). The Ottawa Charter 30 years on: still an important standard for health promotion.International Journal of Health Promotion and Education,56(2), 73-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/14635240.2017.1415765 •Xu, S., & Xue, Y. (2016). Pediatric obesity: Causes, symptoms, prevention and treatment.Experimental and therapeutic medicine,11(1), 15-20. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2853 Childhood Obesity among NSW Children Insert names NSW Children and Obesity The burden of obesity is higher among the indigenous population of Australia (Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander or ATSI population). During 2012 to 2013 30% of the Indigenous children and adolescents who are aged between 2 to 14 years are over-weight in comparison to the 25% of the non- indigenous population. Poor socio-economic determinants of health (SDH) are principal risk factors behind childhood obesity among ATSI population. NSW Government (2019) states that one out of 5 NSW children are obese or over-weightin urban areas. Over-weight and obesity among the NSW children increase social distancing andthis is community- based impact. The obesity rates are similar among the boys and girls. The childhood obesity increases the rate of developing obese adults and thus increasing weight-related mortality along with the development of depression and poor self-esteem and this can be regardedas the population impact of childhood obesity. v Figure: Childhood Obesity Percentage in Australian Children in 2014 to 2015 Source: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) (2017) . Interventions for Obesity Prevention Gittelsohn et al. (2019) stated that multi-level multi component (MLMC) strategies are recommended in order to prevent and to reduce the rate of childhood obesity. MLMC include increase in the level of community-level participation, proper conducting proper monitoring process along with promoting proper reinforcement of the multi- level interventions. Key areas where change can be initiated include (I) Promotion of the healthy food habits Xu and Xue (2016) stated that childhood obesity is a nutritional disorder and proper control of eating behaviours and by promoting the intake of the green vegetables along with the fibre rich food help in reducing obesity among the children. Low calorie consumption under proper diet planning by trained dietician can help to prevent childhood obesity (II)Encouraging the children to take part in physical activity Lack of proper conduction of physical activity is one of the driving force behind the development of obesity among the children. Conduction of the physical exercise in the form of games or sports can help to reduce the unwanted weight. Children are required to conduct at least 60 minutes of physical activity in order to prevent unwanted weight loss. Practice of Yoga can further help to promote weight loss along with helping to improve the level of immunity (Lucas et al., 2018) (III) Provide supportive environment to the children for promoting weight loss Jalal et al. (2016) stated that moderate influence of the parents on the children helps in reducing the un-wanted weight or prevent the unnecessary weight gain. The parents are the main caregivers for the children. The health awareness of the parents and their constant guidance to their children will help them to lead a healthy lifestyle and thus helping to prevent childhood obesity. (East et al., 2019). further stated that home and family influence play a major role in promoting supportive environment and thereby helping to prevent childhood obesity. Part C: Action Plan Marks, Barnett and Allender (2019) stated that schools are the main target for the obesity prevention strategies among the children. However, the intervention effectiveness might be hindered by the perceptions of the school community (students and staff) and the readiness to address the problem. Designing of the childhood obesity program under school settings must be guided by the OTTAWA charter for the health promotion by WHO. This will promote increase the creation of the supportive environmental while children can conduct physical activities in order to promote weight loss. This is the key area of change as majority of the children leads a sedentary life and excess academic pressure in school prevent them from taking apart in physical activity(Thompson, Watson & Tilford, 2018). Figure: Interventions for preventing Childhood Obesity Source:NSW Government, 2019 Action Plan Plan: Developing interesting game class in the school premises under the supervision of the physical exercise trainer Action: To encourage students to take part in the game class: group based sports for a duration of 30 minutes per day Goal: Promotion of weight loss among the children and to increase the physical fitness of the students Measurement of outcome: Decrease in the body mass index (BMI) after one month of the conduction of the sports class and the weight post one month of sports or gamming class will be compared with the weight of the children before the initiation of the class (Feng et al., 2017) In order to increase the provision for the supportive environment, the parents of the children in the NSW population will be educated about the importance of the diet in the weight loss prevention and other healthy lifestyle activities that will be restrict weight gain(Thompson, Watson & Tilford, 2018).