Exploring Bloom's Taxonomy in Marketing

The assignment content from the Marketing 501 class at Texas A&M University-Commerce discusses the course schedule, topics, and assignments. The course focuses on marketing strategy, market opportunities, target marketing, and more. Students are expected to complete individual and group projects, as well as a reflection paper and exams. The content also includes information about Bloom's Taxonomy, a framework for categorizing learning objectives into six levels: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, evaluation, and synthesis.

Reflection Paper
Reflective essays are often assigned allow the student to write about their personal experience. In this
paper, this reflection is for you to explore your experience with the marketing course and assignments
and your understanding marketing, reflect on the positive and negative aspects of it, and to formulate
goals to improve the experience or results of the activity the next time it occurs. You will be given
questions to reflect on for the semester. Writing reflectively allows you to think more deeply and
consciously about your actions or behaviors within business. You may want to keep a diary or journal on
the questions weekly to get your thoughts on paper early. By analyzing or observing your thoughts,
words or actions and assessing the consequences of them, you assess what you want to happen and
better equip yourself for a more positive outcome the next time. The paper directions are given in
eCollege on the assignment.
Important Reflections (Test)
1. Identify at least one item that you learned that you didn’t know?
2. Identify at least one item that surprised you about marketing or implementing marketing?
3. Was there anything really difficult about the Chat Learning Tasks? Individual analysis? The exams?
The reflection paper? If so, why? ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS FOR THE POINTS
4. What has this course experience caused me to examine in business life or at my company? And
why?
Course Syllabus
Course Text:
Students will need the below text for this class. Because this course provides a comprehensive
and practical introduction to marketing, it necessitates the text. An earlier or next edition of this
text is not an acceptable substitute because their organization and coverage of issues, topics, and
cases have changed.
REQUIRED TEXTBOOK:Marketing Strategy 6th Edition (2014) by Ferrell & Hartline, South-
Western Cengage Learning, ISBN 978-1-285-07304-0

REQUIRED SOFTWARE:Please submit assignments in a format that is compatible with
Microsoft Office 2007/2010. I have to reformat docx files before I am able to open them, so
please save all documents as doc files.
SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS: Will be provided by the instructor in eCollege Doc Sharing.
eCollege live: Online chat will be scheduled for MOST Mondays at 7:00 p.m. (Central Time)
(UNLESS RESCHEDULED). You are EXPECTED butnot required to attend, however points
will be given for attendance and adherence to directions given during the chat. I will log on,
cover a topic, and be available for live chat. If no one joins after 15 minutes, I will log off. As
you know, the purpose of online chat is “active engagement and interaction”, so please bring any
question (e.g., studying question, book materials, exams, career plan, etc.) to talk. If this chat
time is not convenient to you, please email me your convenient time. Then we will talk at your
convenient time. Thanks.
Please NOTE: You will need to use FireFox for yourbrowser. You will also need to make sure
you haveJava installed on your computer and enabled. Please insure you have the latest version
of Java also.
COURSE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
COURSE OVERVIEW AND OBJECTIVES: A study of the marketing environment of
business with emphasis on major aspects of sociocultural, demographic, technological, global,
legal, political, and ethical issues. The study of marketing emphasizes the functional areas of
marketing including product and service selection and development, marketing channels,
promotion, and pricing. Marketing research, consumer behavior, industrial buying and
international implications are also considered.
Course Objectives: This course hopes to keep our students on the cutting edge of today’s
marketing practices. The course has four primary objectives. These include:
1. To understand the basic principles of Marketing.

2. To demonstrate the uses of marketing mix in corporate strategy.
3. To familiarize students with the basics of creating a marketing plan.
4. To provide students with an opportunity to learn about excellent examples of marketing-
driven companies throughout the world.
COURSE FORMAT:
You will find the majority of the information and materials that you will need to complete the
course in this syllabus and on the eCollege course management website. Be sure to log onto
eCollege and check your university e-mail regularly to see what work you are required to do.
I will always upload new announcements to the home page of this course when I want to
announce something to the entire class and would discuss in class. I would try to respond to your
e-mails within 24 hours. If your correspondence falls over the weekend it may be 24-48 hours.
ALL EMAILS MUST BE PREFACED WITH THE COURSE NUMBER FOLLOWED BY
THE SUBJECT (EXAMPLE: MKT501-01W Assignment 1, insure your section and the
specific assignment of your interest).
TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS
This is a webcourse. The following technology is recommended to be successful:Internet connection –
high speed recommended (not dial-up) and Word Processor. Additionally, the following hardware and
software are necessary to use eCollege:
Our campus is optimized to work in a Microsoft Windows environment. This means our courses work
best if you are using a Windows operating system (XP or newer) and a recent version of Microsoft
Internet Explorer (6.0, 7.0, or 8.0). Your courses will also work with Macintosh OS X along with a recent
version of Safari 2.0 or better. Along with Internet Explorer and Safari, eCollege also supports the Firefox
browser (3.0) on both Windows and Mac operating systems.
It is strongly recommended that you perform a “Browser Test” prior to the start of your course. To launch
a browser test, login in to eCollege, click on the ‘myCourses’ tab, and then select the “Browser Test” link
under Support Services.

Please NOTE for eCollegeClassLive chats: You will need to use FireFox for yourbrowser. You
will also need to make sure you haveJava installed on your computer and enabled. Please insure
you have the latest version of Java also.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS
Minimal Technical Skills Needed
You will need to run the latest version of Java for eCollege (the Learning Management System
for TAMUC), 2007/2010 Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and using presentation and
graphics programs, etc.
Instructional Methods
The course is delivered online using Powerpoint and eCollegeClassLive System. These items
are recorded as they are delivered.
Student Responsibilities or Tips for Success in the Course
You are responsible for reviewing all announcements within the course announcements pages,
logging on at least 3 times a week, having and responding to all emails, and completing
assignments on time, and attending or listening to chats early in the week. Failure to do these
items will adversely affect your grade.
Examples include: Regularly logging into the course website, amount of weekly study and
participation time expected, etc.
COURSE SCHEDULE:
A course schedule is included at the end of this syllabus. Please note, the week starts on Monday
and ends on Saturday (when most items are due).
SYLLABUS SUBJECT TO CHANGE STATEMENT:

I anticipate that we will follow the schedule I've outlined in this syllabus, but I may make
adjustments based on what actually happens in class. I may also change the basis for the course
grade (if I need to eliminate an assignment or something of that nature). If I do so, I will so
inform you in writing. Remaining in the course after reading this syllabus will signal that you
accept the possibility of changes and responsibility for being aware of them.
ACADEMIC INTEGRITY:
All students are expected to act with civility and personal integrity; respect other students'
dignity, rights, and property; and help create and maintain an environment in which all can
succeed through the fruits of their own efforts. An environment of academic integrity is requisite
to respect for self and others and a civil community.
Academic integrity includes a commitment to NOT engage in or tolerate acts of falsification,
misrepresentation, or deception. Such acts of dishonesty include cheating or copying,
plagiarizing, submitting another persons' work as one's own, using reference sources (including
Internet sources) without citation, fabricating field data or citations, "ghosting" (taking or having
another student take an exam), stealing examinations, tampering with the academic work of
another student, facilitating other students' acts of academic dishonesty, etc. All assignments are
individual assignments and must be completed personally by each student.
Academic dishonesty violates the fundamental ethical principles of the University community
and compromises the worth of work completed by others. A student should avoid academic
dishonesty when preparing work for any class. If charged with academic dishonesty, students
will receive written or oral notice of the charge by the professor. Depending on the severity and
circumstances of the academic dishonesty, a student’s actions could lead to receiving zero credit
for the assignment in question or failing the course.
COURSE POLICIES AND INSTRUCTOR EXPECTATIONS:
Students are required to meet the expectations listed below.
 Professional Behavior: It is important that students maintain a professional demeanor
at all times, including during electronic communication. Texas A&M-Commerce expects this
from students, as do current and future employers. Since so much communication in the
workplace is ―electronic nowadays, this course will be a good place to practice interacting in a
manner appropriate to a professional setting. In particular, take special care when posting and
responding to discussion board questions.

 Assignments:
1. Submitted assignments must be correctly formatted and free of grammatical and stylistic
errors. Students in MKT 501 should have at least some skill with software for word processing,
excel and presentations, and with web browsers and search engines. Spelling and grammatical
errors will detract from your grade!
2. Assignments must be turned in on time. Assignments are due at the date and time listed.
All work and assignments for the entire course will be available on the first day of class. While
the syllabus designates specific dates for which work is assigned, students do not have to wait
until the assigned date to start working on it. Start working on each assignment as soon as
student possibly can and make sure that student have the marketing analysis or plan assignments
submitted by the specified due dates. The chapter readings and discussion boards can be
completed at any pace you wish (all in week one, all at the last minute except discussion board).
Assignments are generally due on Saturday of each week by 11:59 PM. I have outlined a
suggested schedule that I think would help student maintain a good pace. However, student
MUST turn assignments ON TIME. Work Due column of the course schedule provided at the
end of this syllabus.
3. Assignments must be complete. You must complete and submit all components at the
specified due date and time to receive credit for the assignment. Please don’t turn in work that is
only half-finished.
4. Please submit assignments in a format that is compatible with Microsoft Office
2007/2010. I have to reformat docx files before I am able to open them, so please save all
documents as doc files.
 Back-ups are required: You are required to back up all your assignments on a disk that can
be submitted to me upon my request. If work is lost due to insufficient back-up, you will not
have the opportunity to recreate and submit at a later time.
 E-mail: Students must routinely check e-mail sent to his or her Texas A&M-Commerce
account. This is my primary mechanism for communicating to the class. I check my e-mail
several times a day, so this is the best way to reach me.
COURSE GRADING: Final grades are based upon the Official University policy.
Grading Components: (total 380 points)
2 Exams (150 pts each) 300

LT-Class points (up to 5@10pts ea.)50 Chat attendance (bonus (1pts each)
Reflection Paper 15
Individual Analysis 25Writing center bonus (individually 3pts each)
1 Group Paper 200 Writing center bonus (each person 1pts each)
Total (up to based on LT) 590
Distribution:
The following scale will be used to grade the student:
90%-100% A 80-89.9% B
70-79.9% C 60-69.9% D F (60% below) = Failure
PLEASE NOTE: All assignments must be completed by the due date. Any late item will be
graded to zero. No extensions or make-ups will be allowed unless the absence is cleared by
the instructor prior to the day the assignment is due.All work is to be neat and typed with
proper attention to grammar, punctuation, and spelling.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS:
Bio and Academic Dishonesty Policy
Please post your Bio in student lounge in eCollege to find your best-match group members. Then
you can start your group project ASAP. Bio and Academic Dishonesty policy are required
and there are no grade for these items, but they appear in the gradebook. Not completing
these items in the first 2 weeks will give you unsatisfactory grade.
Exams:

There will be 2 exams for this course.Each exam has 2 hours with 75 multiple choice and T/F
questions that will be used to test your knowledge of all materials associated with the course. All
exam questions are based on textbook. Please read textbook a couple of times very carefully and
digest the materials, then you will be fine. Exams will be open from Monday to Saturday
midnight of exam week and are open book and any materials. You mayalso bereminded about
your exam dates through university emails. Please check your email daily.
These will be INDIVIDUAL WORK exams and are not intended for any type of group
work. The exam will display one question per page to the student and the student must
answer the presented question before moving on to the next. The student will not be able to
change their answer once they've moved to the next question.
Class Learning Tasks (LT) Rubric
Learning tasks are planned at 10pts each. They (LT) are only provided during class/chat time.
They are to assist you with learning the critical tasks. Learning is not a spectator sport.
Fundamentally, the responsibility to learn is yours and yours alone. For learning to happen in
any course, you must take an active role in the process. For our class, you are expected to
come to class ‘prepared’ and ‘ready to learn,’ which requires you ‘to read’ and ‘to study’
the assigned reading before you come to class. Being prepared for class enables you to
construct a knowledge base on which subsequent learning rests.
During our class, we don’t ‘cover a lot of content, which means I talk less to get you to talk
about what you are experiencing and learning. You will be engaging in Learning Tasks (out of
class OR in class) that require you to (a) use a variety of reasoning strategies to address issues
and problems, and (b) write reflectively about what you are learning, how it relates to what you
already know about the content, and how it relates to your life. Your performance on these tasks
will be evaluated using a Learning Task Rubric, with a minus indicating unsatisfactory
performance (50percent), a check indicating work that satisfactorily meets expectations (75%),
and a plus indicating strongly engaged, high-quality performance (100%). Learning Tasks
cannot be made up and late Learning Tasks are not accepted.
Score Criteria and Standards
10 Interpretation of content is completely accurate.
10 Identifies and describes precise and explicit supporting evidence
(facts required, citations and reference page required).
10 Strongly connects new content to previous learning (elaboration,

including info from text).
10 Strongly integrates new material to a personal life experience
(optional unless directed by question).
10 Draws an accurate conclusion based upon interpretations,
connection, and integration.
10 Provides a strong reason(s) for the conclusion.
8 Interpretation of content is somewhat accurate.
8 Identifies supporting evidence (facts, limited citations and reference
page info); description is somewhat accurate or clear.
8 Satisfactorily connects new content to previous content.
8 Superficially integrates new material to a personal life experience.
8 Draws a somewhat accurate conclusion based upon interpretations,
connection, and integration.
8 Provides an adequate reason(s) for the conclusion.
6 Interpretation of content is inaccurate; facts are misleading.
6 Supporting evidence is missing, incorrect, or irrelevant (limited
facts, citations, and or reference page info).
6 Fails to elaborate or elaboration is extremely weak.
6 Fails to integrate or integration to a personal life experience is vague.
6 Conclusion drawn or reasons supporting it are inadequate or missing.
Individual Analysis
This paper is to have your explore a market individually and not as a group. The preliminary
analysis is general market and segment information. Please do a research from A&M library or
google.com to write a paper. The information on possible markets and segments are released
during the first chat. However, the information required is below.
PLEASE DO NOT SUBMIT AN ITEM IN THE WRONG DROPBOX.
This is an individual student project. Paper (as a Word attachment) is to be submitted directly
to the DROPBOX.For this assignment, late projects will not be acceptable. The maximum
pages for the paper should be no more than 4 content pages, using Times New Roman, 12 point
font, and APA (single spaced is required). (Please note quantity NEVER equals quality). In
addition, you should cite at least 6 credible sources (i.e., NON peer review journal articles are
preferred, but journal articles may be appropriate as well) in the paper (no more than 5 websites

may be used). You will need to include a title page with your name, table of contents, 4 pages of
content, a reference list, table, figure, and an appendix (if necessary).
Individual Analysis Rubric Items
Executive Summary
Situation Analysis
Segment Information
Marketing Mix(I request only one for this assignment)
APA and good secondary research
6 credible sources (credible)
No more than 4 content pages
Times New Roman, 12 point font, and APA (single spaced is required)
Cite at least 6 credible sources (articles... meaning there is an author)
(i.e., NON peer review journal articles are preferred, but journal articles may be
appropriate as well) in the paper
No more than 5 websites may be used
Title page with your name, table of contents, a reference list,
Table, figure, and an appendix (if necessary).
Levels for the rubric levels
NI – Needs Improvement: Not consistent with text and lectures
P – Proficient: Consistent with text and lectures but could be improved
E – Exemplary: Exceeds information covered in text and lectures

PLEASE DO NOT SUBMIT AN ITEM IN THE WRONG DROPBOX.
FYI, I’m willing to offer 2pts bonus to your final grade should you visit the Writing Center and
that I receive documentation to be posted in the appropriate dropbox. I want you to be successful
in the future and this will be a big leap forward to take their input. Business writing is very
different from other disciplines. This is NOT required, but this is points on an individual basis.
This is available for online students.
Link to Writing center at Texas A&MUniv-Commerce
http://www.tamuc.edu/academics/colleges/humanitiessocialsciencesarts/departments/
literatureLanguages/writingCenter/default.aspx
Reflection Paper
Reflective essays are often assigned allow the student to write about their personal experience. In
this paper, this reflection is for you to explore your experience with the marketing course and
assignments and your understanding marketing, reflect on the positive and negative aspects of it,
and to formulate goals to improve the experience or results of the activity the next time it
occurs. You will be given 5-10 questions to reflect on for the semester. Writing reflectively
allows you to think more deeply and consciously about your actions or behaviors within
business. You may want to keep a diary or journal on the questions weekly to get your thoughts
on paper early. By analyzing or observing your thoughts, words or actions and assessing the
consequences of them, you assess what you want to happen and better equip yourself for a more
positive outcome the next time. The paper directions are given in eCollege on the assignment.
Group Paper (Market Analysis)
Please do a research from A&M library or google.com to write a paper about a topic or topics
discussed in the first chat. You will do an indepth analysis of key aspects to understand
marketing strategies. The market analysis will need to follow the rubric very closely analyzing
their consumers and actual company marketing strategies (i.e., product, promotion, place, and
price)” The group paper (Word paper) is due on Saturday per course schedule(ALL
ASSIGNMENTS DUE 11.59 pm ON Saturday).
This is a group project. Paper (as a Word attachment) is to be submitted directly to the
DROPBOX.Late projects will not be acceptable. The maximum pages for the paper should be
no more than 10 content pages, using Times New Roman, 12 point font, and APA. However, I
prefer single space, but it is your option on which to use. (Please note quantity NEVER equals

quality). In addition, you should cite at least 12 credible sources (i.e., NON peer review journal
articles are preferred, but journal articles may be appropriate as well) in the paper (no more than
5 websites may be used). You will need to include a title page with your name, table of contents,
10 pages of content, a reference list, table, figure, and an appendix (if necessary). You are
required to use APA format for the entire paper.
PLEASE NOTE, PAPER IS DUE ON Saturday, 11:59pm per the course schedule.
Each group consists of 2-4 members. Please select and form your own group members at your
earliest convenience. If you cannot find a group to work together, you need to work on the
project by yourself.
IMPORTANT: The group project should be submitted to DROPBOX under the last
week.I will use tunitin.com to check. No project will be accepted for grading if the
turnitin.com percentage is greater than 25%.For an “A” project, its turnitin must be less
than 18%. Paper must be in a good writing (without major grammar errors), good
transition, good structure, readable, and convincing.
ONLY THE GROUP LEADER WILL SUBMIT THE PAPER. MULTIPLE
SUBMISSIONS WILL BE DOWNGRADED.
Group Paper Rubric -Please note: grading is on the whole paper, not on the individual
sections. (The approx. pages and page limits below are recommendations. The 10 page
limit is the official requirement.)
Group paper
Only the group leader needs to submit the paper. The due date cannot be postponed. If you
submitted a paper in error to the dropbox,send me an email. If there are multiple papers from the
group, I will only grade one.So, please help me to grade the right one.
Insure on the table of contents and for each section that you let me know who completed it.
Any feedback on group members should be sent by email as well.

Group Project Leader:
 The group leader will be given an extra 10 bonus points if he does the following:
 Gets the group organized and posts information in the virtual office such as the
group project members and the company chosen for the group project.
 Each week on Saturday, by 11:59pm, (submit an email to Dr. Myers, letting me
know your progress). It should be no more than 2 sentences on each member, and a
couple of sentences on issues or challenges. This is due on Saturday evening at
11:59pm. This information should be sent by email. This will allow me to assist
the group on organization and direction if needed.
 The WEEKLY submissions are required and if not done, the points will not be
awarded. There is no partial credit and you may submit the weeks information prior
to Saturday.
 The email subject line should be Group X, Week X.
Peer Evaluation of Group Paper
Each group member is expected to contribute equally to your group work.
If you are satisfied with each of your group members, do not send me anything. Document
throughout the semester and add these items to your evaluation. Save your time If you are NOT
satisfied, please rank each of your group members and give the reason. Then type your
evaluations in a Word document and submit it to Dropbox of eCollege. The instructor reserves
the right to adjust grades based on input from the peer evaluations. THIS SHOULD BE A TRUE
HONEST EVALUATION, JUST AS YOU SHOULD IN THE WORKPLACE. If half of your
group members complain about your contribution to group work, then your grade will be
deducted at least 30 points.
Special Needs/ Reasonable Accommodations:
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a federal anti-discrimination statute that provides
comprehensive civil rights protection for persons with disabilities. Among other things, this
legislation requires that all students with disabilities be guaranteed a learning environment that
provides for reasonable accommodation of their disabilities. If you have a disability requiring an
accommodation, please contact:
Office of Student Disability Resources and Services
Texas A&M University-Commerce

Gee Library—Room 132
Phone [phone] or [phone]
Fax [phone]
[e-mail]
Texas Senate Bill - 11 (Government Code 411.2031, et al.) authorizes the carrying of a
concealed handgun in Texas A&M University-Commerce buildings only by persons who have
been issued and are in possession of a Texas License to Carry a Handgun. Qualified law
enforcement officers or those who are otherwise authorized to carry a concealed handgun in the
State of Texas are also permitted to do so. Pursuant to Penal Code (PC) 46.035 and A&M-
Commerce Rule 34.06.02.R1, license holders may not carry a concealed handgun in restricted
locations. For a list of locations, please refer to
(http://www.tamuc.edu/aboutUs/policiesProceduresStandardsStatements/rulesProcedures/
34SafetyOfEmployeesAndStudents/34.06.02.R1.pdf) and/or consult your event organizer).
Pursuant to PC 46.035, the open carrying of handguns is prohibited on all A&M-Commerce
campuses. Report violations to the University Police Department at 903-886-5868 or 9-1-1.
Marketing 501 Class Schedule:The nature of this course requires that much be done in a short
period of time. You are advised to plan your personal schedules accordingly. All dates listed are
due dates for assignments and readings. You must turn in the required items by the date listed.
Most ASSIGNMENTS are DUE 11.59 pm ON Saturday.
PLEASE NOTE, Reflection Paper and Exam 2 ARE DUE ON Tuesday, 11:59pm OF
WEEK 8. This will allow prompt grading and feedback.
ALL CHATS WILL BE 7pm Central Time (TAMUC time)
Mkt 501.02W

Week Dates Topic Chat Chap Assignmen
t
1 Aug 28-Sep 2 Marketing Strategy X 1,2
2 Sep 4-9 Market
Opportunities X 3,4
3 Sep 11-16 Target Marketing X 5,6 Individual
Analysis
4 Sep 18-23 Marketing Program 6,7 Exam 1
Ch1-6
5 Sep 25-Sep 30 Branding,
Positioning X 7,8
6 Oct 2-7 Social
Responsibility 8,9
7 Oct 9-14 Implementation X 9,10 Group
Project
8 Oct 16-21 Relationship
Building
Reflection
Paper,
Exam 2
Ch7-10 THIS WEEKLY SCHEDULE IS TENTATIVE.
Bloom’s Taxonomy
Cognitive[edit]
Categories in the cognitive domain of the revised Bloom's taxonomy (Anderson et al. 2000)
Skills in the cognitive domain revolve around knowledge, comprehension, and critical thinking
on a particular topic. Traditional education tends to emphasize the skills in this domain,
particularly the lower-order objectives.
There are six levels in the taxonomy, moving through the lowest order processes to the highest:
Knowledge[edit]

Exhibit memory of learned materials by recalling facts, terms, basic concepts and answers
 Knowledge of specifics - terminology, specific facts
 Knowledge of ways and means of dealing with specifics - conventions, trends and
sequences, classifications and categories, criteria, methodology
 Knowledge of the universals and abstractions in a field - principles and generalizations,
theories and structures
Questions like: What are the health benefits of eating apples?
Comprehension[edit]
Demonstrate understanding of facts and ideas by organizing, comparing, translating, interpreting,
giving descriptions, and stating the main ideas
 Translation
 Interpretation
 Extrapolation
Questions like: Compare the health benefits of eating apples vs. oranges.
Application[edit]
Using acquired knowledge. Solve problems in new situations by applying acquired knowledge,
facts, techniques and rules in a different way
Questions like: Which kinds of apples are best for baking a pie, and why?
Analysis[edit]
Examine and break information into parts by identifying motives or causes. Make inferences and
find evidence to support generalizations
 Analysis of elements
 Analysis of relationships
 Analysis of organizational principles
Questions like: List four ways of serving foods made with apples and explain which ones have
the highest health benefits. Provide references to support your statements.
Evaluation[edit]
Present and defend opinions by making judgments about information, validity of ideas or quality
of work based on a set of criteria

 Judgments in terms of internal evidence
 Judgments in terms of external criteria
Questions like: Do you feel that serving apple pie for an after school snack for children is
healthy?
Synthesis[edit]
Compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or
proposing alternative solutions
 Production of a unique communication
 Production of a plan, or proposed set of operations
 Derivation of a set of abstract relations
Questions like: Convert an "unhealthy" recipe for apple pie to a "healthy" recipe by replacing
your choice of ingredients. Explain the health benefits of using the ingredients you chose vs. the
original ones.
Explain the benefits you are seeing or using because of analytics compared to as recently as 2
years ago.