Essay on Rehabilitation of Violent Women
32 Pages10837 Words148 Views
Added on 2020-07-23
Essay on Rehabilitation of Violent Women
Added on 2020-07-23
ShareRelated Documents
Rehabilitation of Violent WomenOffenders in Prison
AbstractRehabilitation is the process of providing care and treatment to the offenders who werefound guilty in criminal activities in the prison in order to their reduce their offensive behaviourso that they can no longer be danger to the society. In the research study, various aspects ofrehabilitation and background of women offenders has been discussed. The crimes committedby females are different from the crimes committed by males. In United Kingdom, womenaccounts for 5% of total prison population. In November 2017 the number of women in prison inEngland and Wales stood at 4035. In 2014 – 2015, 1.3 % of females were found guilty in crimeaccording to the report of The Criminal Justice System of United Kingdom. In the researchstudy, the factors such as mental health disorder, emotional distress, relationship instability anddrug addiction that influences the women offenders’ psychology has been identified. More thanhalf of women population were victims of violence in the prison of United Kingdom. Eventually,different rehabilitation programmes like Policy Triage Scheme, building skills for recovery, thewomen programme, CARE programme has been identified in the research study.
Table of ContentsCHAPTER 1....................................................................................................................................1CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND OF WOMEN OFFENDERS.......................................................6CHAPTER 3: VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE.....................................................................................11CHAPTER 4: REHABILITATION...............................................................................................16CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION......................................................................................................21REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................23
CHAPTER 1Title – An appraisal on rehabilitation of violent women offenders in prison.IntroductionIn comparison with male offenders the female offenders have been paid less attention asthey were found less in criminal activities. However, the population of female offenders has beensubstantially increasing in many nations recently which has raised the demands of effectivetreatment of female offenders (Khalifeh and et.al., 2016). The offences committed by femaleoffenders are different from those committed by male offenders either in terms of offense ormotive for the offences. Arising from biological differences in female offenders they requirespecial consideration in human rights issue and must be given precise treatment so that theiroffending behaviour can be eliminated (Lombard and et.al., 2015). There are 12 prisons in England where women offenders are held. There are no womenprison in Wales. One prison has been established in Scotland to keep women offenders and inIreland, women offenders are held in a unit within a male young offenders. In contrast with thisstatement, the present study will concentrate on the rehabilitation of violent women offenders inprison. The dissertation will be conducted in the precise and systematic manner which helps theend users to comprehend the concepts clearly and efficiently. The research further helps inunderstanding about the factors that causes women to commit offensive crimes. In the presentera, crime rates are increasing drastically not only in United Kingdom but every corner of theworld. In order to deal with criminals, rehabilitation has been provided to them in the prison sothat they can no longer be danger to the society. Women offenders are less likely to be found incriminal activities as compared to men. Thus, the research will help in comprehending therehabilitation programmes that were put in place in previous years in order to improve theconditions of women. Researcher will focus on accomplishing the aim and objectives by usingappropriate research methodology and approaches. Secondary data collection methods will beused in the dissertation in order to acquire the exact statistics of rehabilitation of womenoffenders in prison in United Kingdom. Eventually, the researcher will analyse the positivisticapproach to rehabilitation.Background of ResearchIn the present era, crime rates are increasing drastically not only in United Kingdom, butevery corner of the world. In order to deal with criminals, rehabilitation has been provided to1
them in the prison so that they can no longer be danger to the society. Women offenders are lesslikely to be found in criminal activities as compared to men (Scopes, van der Linden andGleeson, 2015). Albeit, 10% of total offenders are women in United Kingdom. There were manyissues due to which women committed crime or found engage with criminals in criminalactivities. Mental health was considered as one of the factor that influences the women towardscriminal activities. 5% of total population found in 21% of all incident of self-harm in prison ofUnited Kingdom were women (Hawton and et.al., 2014, pp 1147-1154). This was considered as disproportionate amount of self-harm in prison. Women incustody are five times more likely to have a mental health concern than women in the generalpopulation. 46% of women were found commuting suicide in prison at some point in theirlifetime (Key facts, 2017). This implies, that mental health indeed impacts on the womenpsychology and force them to commits offensive crimes. Another factors that influences thewomen on wrong path is addiction (Donnelly and et.al., 2015). In the study, it was identifiedthat, nearly one in three British Adults have taken an illegal substance and fifth of those still doso. 27% of total population were found taking illegal drugs and which increases to 31% in 2014.Out of total population, 25% women were found to be taking illegal drugs. This is considered asserious crime which impacts on both their health and psychology (Mann, 2014). Economicpressure is one of the factors that influence the women towards wrong directions. Womenfrequently pointed to the financial pressures. Raising debt and other pressures influences thewomen to commit offensive crimes like theft and burglary. Thus, the researcher will focus on allthese issues and points out the rehabilitation of women prisoners in United Kingdom. The crimes committed by females are different from the crimes committed by males. InUnited Kingdom, women accounts for 5% of total prison population. In November, 2017 thenumber of women in prison in England and Wales stood at 4035. In 2014 – 2015, 1.3 % offemales were found guilty in crime according to the report of The Criminal Justice System ofUnited Kingdom (Women and the criminal justice system statistics 2015, 2017). It was foundthat female offenders committed crimes which were related with thefts and illegal drugs related.The women prisoner population got doubled between 1995 and 2010 from 1979 to 4236 (Keyfacts, 2017). According to report of Ministry of Justice, (2013), 45000 pounds has been incurredto keep a woman in prison for one year. In 2010, 45 per cent of total women prisoners werereleased, committed more than 10000 offences and creating countless more victims within one2
year. For women serving fewer than 12 months in prison, the re offending rate rises to astaggering 55.6 per cent. 56 per cent of offenders who suffered from background of abuse hasbeen taken into care. In 2011, many cases were being reported where female offenders attempt tokill themselves in the prison. (Key facts, 2017). Rationale of StudyThe reason for conducting the study is to comprehend the aspects of rehabilitation ofwomen in prison. As number of crime committed by women has been dramatically increased inUnited Kingdom, the reason for conducting the research was to understand the rehabilitationapproaches used by the Ministry of Justice in United Kingdom to improve the behaviour andpsychology of women. Women in Justice SystemAs per the observation survey conducted in England and Wales, it was identified thatthere was no significant difference between the crimes committed by males and crimescommitted by women. Women were less likely to be found engage in criminal activities likedomestic violence, thefts and taking illegal drugs. Female further found serving shorter sentencesin the prison and almost 9% of women prisoners were admitted to the custody. However, femaleprisoners were more likely to be found doing self-harm. Most of the women prisoners serve shortsentences in United Kingdom. One in four women sent to the prison in year 2017 and more than1500 women were sentenced to one month or less with almost 300 of them were sent to theprison for rehabilitation under two weeks. 63 per cent of women in June 2016 have served inprison for less than or equal to six months. Though, the per cent got increased by six to 69% in2017. 3
From the above graph, it can be understood that 84% of women who serve a sentence for non-violent offence, 48 per cent women say their offence is to support someone else's drug use. 28per cent women were suffering from financial crisis that force them to rob and steal and 22 percent of women were first time offenders. 4
The above chart shows the total number of women prisoners who have served sentences in theprison in 2011. From the chart, it can be clear that majority of women prisoners have served lessthan or equal to 6 months in United Kingdom. A small proportion of women prisoner haveserved for more than or equal to 4 years. These prisoners were charged for violent and cruelcrimes like murders, kidnapping, etc. It was identified that majority of women who dischargedfrom prison were again caught in criminal activities in less than one year.5Illustration 1: Women entering prison under sentence(Source: Women in prison, 2012 )
End of preview
Want to access all the pages? Upload your documents or become a member.
Related Documents
Women in Prison in Australialg...
|13
|4370
|461
Impact of Feminism on Studies of Women, Gender, and Crimelg...
|8
|2413
|39
We Should Not Be Sending Women to Prison for Non Violent Offenceslg...
|6
|1543
|348
Civil and Criminal Remedies for Domestic Violence in England and Waleslg...
|4
|1642
|168
Importance of Prison and Rationales for Imprisonment in Criminal Justice Systemlg...
|8
|2437
|251
Feminist criminology and crime and societylg...
|15
|4228
|354