Renewable energy - Assignment

How can a community become both aware and
actively affiliated to renewable energies
through a real life simulated experience

Table of Contents
How can a community become both aware and actively affiliated to renewable energies through
a real life simulated experience........................................................................................................1
TOPIC: How can a community become both aware and actively affiliated to renewable energies
through a real life simulated experience..........................................................................................3
TASK 1: INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................3
Overview and Background of research..................................................................................3
Rationale & Significance of research.....................................................................................5
Scope of research ...................................................................................................................7
Research Aim and objectives.................................................................................................7
TASK 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.................................................................................................8
Different type of technologies that are currently available for renewable energy................8
Impact of renewable energy on community scale................................................................10
Experiences that can be provided to impact the stakeholders..............................................13
TASK 3: FIELD RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY.............................................................15
FIELD RESEARCH......................................................................................................................15
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................18
Type of investigation ...........................................................................................................19
Research design ...................................................................................................................20
Research approach ...............................................................................................................20
Research philosophy.............................................................................................................21
Data collection methods:- ....................................................................................................21
Sampling...............................................................................................................................23
Ethical Consideration...........................................................................................................24
TASK 4 :DISCUSSION &CONCLUSION..................................................................................24
DATA INTERPRETATION................................................................................................28
DISCUSSION OF SECONDARY DATA...........................................................................45
CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................3
REFLECTION........................................................................................................................4
RECOMMENDATION..........................................................................................................5

Bibliography....................................................................................................................................1
TOPIC: How can a community become both aware and actively affiliated to
renewable energies through a real life simulated experience.
TASK 1: INTRODUCTION
Overview and Background of research
Renewable energy is refer to process of producing energy from the sources which don't
get deplete or replenished throughout the human's life time. The common sources used fro
producing renewable energy are geothermal, biomass, hydro-power and wind. Majority of
renewable energy derived either directly or indirectly through sunlight which can be captured
though the use of solar technologies. The energy generated though wind derived from sun's heat
can be captured with turbines1. In addition to this plants also depends on sun to grow and the
energy stored by these plants get further utilised in the form of bioenergy. Hence, renewable
energy is consider to be the most essential part of environment which contribute toward saving
the resources and re-utilising it for the benefit of society. Australian government also take
initiative toward getting involve in production of renewable energy by developing several plant
in different areas of country. Because of this initiative 2018 was become a remarkable year for
Australian clean energy industry2. This is because around 38 projects get completed throughout
1
Cheng, Jay, ed. Biomass to renewable energy processes. CRC press, 2017.
2 Liang, Xiaodong. "Emerging power quality challenges due to integration of renewable
energy sources." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 53, no. 2 (2017): 855-866.

the year and more than 2.3 GW new renewable energy capacity entered the market. Rooftop
solar also become able to produce around 1.55 GW new capacity. Now, Australia is getting
around 21% of its total power generation from renewable sources which is more than power
required by every Australian household.
The real life simulated experience can be taken in this regard is the solar plant of
Karratha Airport which is situated in Western Australia and consider as a second largest airport.
The airport has collaborated with multiple stakeholders in order to setup a project which produce
around 1MW solar energy. The Karratha Airport provides a direct link to Pilbara region by
providing multiple daily services from Perth, flights move twice in week to Broome and weekly
services are provided to Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne3. Hence it is a very busy airport where
passenger number get increased from 207,458 in 1985-86 to 798,301 marked in year2011-12.
Therefore the demand regarding a reliable and long term energy solution is very essential due to
increase in electricity usage. Apart from this the land covered by airport is around 722 hectares
which provides a huge space to place solar energy4. So with the identification of this opportunity
the company named as Webster Power sought out with technology and construction partners ion
order to start up this solar project by getting its funding through Australian Renewable Energy
Agency (ARENA).
In order to ensure the cost-effective delivery of this solar project it is get connected to the
North West Interconnected system. But during the planning and designing of project there are
some challenges which are faced by Webster Power Company, because NWIS is one of the
smallest network which requires renewable energy system in order to observe specific criteria
3 Solar Case Study- Karratha Airport. 2018. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://www.energymatters.com.au/commercial-solar/our-customers/karratha-airport/>.
4 Olabi, A. G. "Renewable energy and energy storage systems." (2017): 1-6.

for maintain overall network stability. In addition to this network operator related with Horizon
Power requires a significant level of energy storage for installing large solar in order to get
smooth output intermittency. The reason behind this requirement is intermittent cloud cover
which may results into huge as well as sudden variation in solar electricity output.
Therefore in order to overcome such issues, a deal has been finalised with Mpower which
provides a generation management system along with cutting-edge cloud predictive
technology(CPT) which is utilised to detect cloud variation. At a situation when clouds get
predicted, CPT slowly minimise the power supply from the solar panel before sun get totally
blocked out by the cloud, this in turn help in reducing the need of energy storage. Hence the
clean power plant constructed by CPS national provided a benefit of high performance i.e. 340
watt solar panels and inverters5. This facility is expected to produce around 1,871 MWh
electricity annually which also help in avoiding the 1,254 tonnes of carbon emission each year6.
This project was of $7.1 million that has been supported by Australian Renewable Energy
Agency (ARENA) through its capital contribution of around $2.3 million. This funding was
granted in order to fulfil the objective of ARENA regarding the reduction of cost and increase in
the use of renewable energy in Australia.
Rationale & Significance of research
The main purpose of this investigation is to enhance awareness on renewable energies
among common people so that it can be used by them in their regular based lives. The research
will also give in depth knowledge about process and methods of renewable energies that are
5 Zhang, Dahai, Jiaqi Wang, Yonggang Lin, Yulin Si, Can Huang, Jing Yang, Bin Huang,
and Wei Li. "Present situation and future prospect of renewable energy in China." Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Reviews 76 (2017): 865-871.
6 Nizami, A. S., K. Shahzad, M. Rehan, O. K. M. Ouda, M. Z. Khan, I. M. I. Ismail, T.
Almeelbi, J. M. Basahi, and A. Demirbas. "Developing waste biorefinery in Makkah: a way
forward to convert urban waste into renewable energy." Applied Energy 186 (2017): 189-196.

could be adopted by business organisations and residential communities. Another aid of
conducting this research is provide platform to people and make them realise importance of
renewable energies and its benefits in saving their environment effectively. With the point of
view of researcher, the main purpose of this research is to explore variation options through
which they can use natural resources effective by renewing them. Along with this, the research
will also provide opportunity to researcher to start their career on the same stream as after
conducting this research their knowledge on renewable energies will be high. This will definitely
help them out at the time of entering into career belonging to same field. This investigation will
also improve skills of researcher as for conducting this research they have to indulge into various
activities which will ultimately enhance their existing skills and also make them learn new skills.
These developed skills will contribute in conducting more effective research in future as they are
already having experience on the same thing.
In relation to learner, current investigation will help scholars in scoring good marks in
their particular subject for which they are conducting this research. It will also provide
opportunity to learners to develop their knowledge on renewable energies and how could it be
used in daily life. The learners will also get to know about career growth of this particular stream
as they will get to know scarcity of resources and with the passing time increasing requirement
and trend of concept of renewable energies for fulfilling regular based needs of people. In this
regard, these learners can look for their professional career into the same 7. On the other hand,
current investigation will also play a significant role in development of society as after its
completion common people will going to bulk of information on renewable energies and its
importance in society. Along with this, it can be said that by having in depth knowledge and
7 Zhang, Bin, Bo Wang, and Zhaohua Wang. "Role of renewable energy and non-
renewable energy consumption on EKC: evidence from Pakistan." Journal of Cleaner
Production156 (2017): 855-864.

benefits of renewable energies individuals as well as professional that means business
organisations will easily accept it and adopt it in their residential area as well as commercial
areas.
Scope of research
The scope of current study is very broad as with the passing time individuals are much
aware about natural resource and their effective usage by renewing them effectively. With the
increasing awareness government, people as well as business are accepting the importance of
renewable energies and how effectively it could contribute in satisfying their regular based
needs. The research project will also develop vast scope for businesses already indulge in usage
of natural resources by providing effective tools for renewing them. This research project will
ultimately provide high range of business to the same businesses after its completion other
business will definitely show their interest in buying these tools in order to contribute their share
in creating safe environment and also saving their regular based expenses by using them in their
regular based life. In addition to this, this investigation will also develop job opportunity for
individual in companies who works for renewable of naturals resources. It will also convince
more and more people to work with same companies as it is one among the upcoming trend in
society.
Research Aim and objectives
Research aim
“To demonstrate awareness about renewable energies and its frequential affiliation
towards the community”. A case on Karratha Airport.
Research Objectives

 To evaluate different type of technologies that are currently available for renewable
energy
 To investigate proportion of impact of renewable energy on community scale To identify experiences which influences the stakeholders
Research Questions
 What type of technologies are currently available for renewable energy?
 How much impact can renewable energy have in a community scale?
 What experiences can be provided to impact the stakeholders?
TASK 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Different type of technologies that are currently available for renewable energy
As per the view point of Matt William, 2015, renewable energy is one of the important
issue in today's world due to rise in cost of fossil fuels and threat of climate change which has
also increased the risk of scarcity of resources that are essential for individual life. This in turn
also has enhanced the demand of alternative energy and trying to affiliating people toward
cleaner as well as more sustainable method of producing electrical power 8. There are number of
methods present in order to produce renewable energy such as solar, biomass, wind, geothermal
and tidal power are usually used to produce renewable energy. These energy are basically termed
as alternative energy because they are considered as an alternative to the fossil fuels such as coal,
oil etc. These all have their own advantages and drawbacks but the main reason behind opting
this in community is that in its execution there is not any threat presented related with pollution
8 Alva, Guruprasad, Lingkun Liu, Xiang Huang, and Guiyin Fang. "Thermal energy
storage materials and systems for solar energy applications." Renewable and Sustainable Energy
Reviews 68 (2017): 693-706.

as they exert much lighter environmental footprint than fossil fuel9. It is one of the most cost
effective medium this is because solar energy is a better option for property owner regarding the
reduction of environmental footprint by saving money in contrary10. This is very crucial factor
which can be presented in front of community in order to make them aware about the benefit of
renewable energy and at the same time influencing them to get affiliated in such practices which
provide dual benefit to people.
As per the article presented by Union of concerned scientists, 2019, the movement of heat
& sunlight, warmth in earth, carbohydrates in plant, wind & water al are sources of energy which
supply toward needs in sustainable way. There are number of methods used to convert presented
renewable sources into electricity in which each come up with unique set of technologies,
challenges as well as benefits. Number of technologies used to create renewable energy are as
follows:
Solar collectors and photovoltaic panels:- These technologies are basically used to
produce solar energy which is vast as well as inexhaustible resources which provides a
significant proportion of daily electricity need. It is a form of energy which basically relies over
nuclear fusion power from core of sun. For collecting this energy solar collector such as PV cells
or panels kept in sunlight which directly observe sun's energy and then convert it into electrical
energy which further used in application of electric car, electric heater, power appliances and so
on11. The biggest example of this solar plant is Karratha Airport where around 722 hectares is
being covered with solar panels and it expected that it will produce around 1,871 MWh
9 Lai, Chun Sing, and Malcolm D. McCulloch. "Levelized cost of electricity for solar
photovoltaic and electrical energy storage." Applied Energy 190 (2017): 191-203.
10 Weaver, Paul, Leo Jansen, Geert Van Grootveld, Egbert Van Spiegel, and Philip
Vergragt. Sustainable technology development. Routledge, 2017.

electricity annually which is big enough to power every Australian household. This in turn help
in creating awareness among community and it become able to indulge several local businesses
in such practices.
Wind turbines:- It is basically used to produce wind energy by harnessing the air and
convert it into power. Wind energy has been used from several years for pushing sails, power
windmills and also creating force for water pump12. For producing this energy wind turbines
harness the air current which is basically caused through uneven heating and cooling of
atmosphere and change it into electricity. This is more beneficial for farmers as they can use
wind energy to in there farms in water pumps which not only saves cost of electricity but also
help in creating energy naturally which is less harmful. Hence by creating awareness among
community regarding the use of wind energy the practices of farming can be improved.
Ground source heat pump:- This technology is basically used to receive heat from
earth's surface and then convert it into energy which is known as geothermal energy. For this
ground basic heat pumps are usually fixed underground using fluid tubes which absorb heat from
earth which is further use to heat home as well as water. This form of energy lessen the use of
power to manage the temperature in buildings but it can not be used to produce electricity. By
circulating the information regarding the benefits of geothermal energy within society it become
easier to save electricity which is highly consumed with the use of air conditioning and heater
appliances during climatic change.
11 Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas. "Energy analysis and economic valuation." In Green
Accounting, pp. 75-110. Routledge, 2018.
12 Nizami, A. S., K. Shahzad, M. Rehan, O. K. M. Ouda, M. Z. Khan, I. M. I. Ismail, T.
Almeelbi, J. M. Basahi, and A. Demirbas. "Developing waste biorefinery in Makkah: a way
forward to convert urban waste into renewable energy." Applied Energy 186 (2017): 189-196.

Impact of renewable energy on community scale
On the basis of thoughts represented by Zaunmayr, (2016), it has been analysed that
renewable energy plays an essential role in functioning of community as well as its growth. It
can be said that whenever company or government takes initiative towards renewable then it
directly influences society as directly or indirectly they are related to it13. Along with this, all of
the initiatives requires support of community as with their acceptance its easier for them to
implement it in effective manner and use them efficiently so that remarkable change can be
brought to society for improvement (Project the start of city’s solar ambitions, 2016).
By analysing impact of chosen solar project of Karratha Airport, it can be said that this
solar plant is one among the popular example of best initiative which shows that how
government is placing efforts on producing electricity by using solar rays. It will also help
contribute in reducing expenses of electricity bills that are paid by airport. Along with this, it can
be said that this initiative have also influenced interest of local business persons as they are now
thinking about using this kind of solar plants in their own offices too in order to reduce usage of
electricity and gain long term benefits in terms of saving expenses of electricity bill payment in
future. According to the words said by Peter Jones(Mayor of Karratha), it can be said that
renewable energy plants have approximately reduced cost of overall power bills by around $2.5
millions of whole city. This will directly place long term positive impact on name of Karratha as
it became advance digitalise city which also contributes in reduces economical expenses of city.
On the other hand, thoughts expressed by authors named as Caroline, (2015), have said
that initiative of Karratha airport is seen as one of the best example for whole community that
how they can easily reduce cost of electricity by adopting solar plant. In this case community
13 Schaltenbrand, Birte, Kai Foerstl, Arash Azadegan, and Kevin Lindeman. "See what we
want to see? The effects of managerial experience on corporate green investments." Journal of
Business Ethics 150, no. 4 (2018): 1129-1150.

belongs to the businesses and house owner who implement solar plants at the top of their roof in
order to save cost of electricity14. In addition to this, 2017 was remarkable year for Karratha after
implementation of solar plant at airport approximately 38 projects have been initiated and
executed within the same year. These projects have also developed knowledge among localise
people as they are now able understand actual use, process and benefits of renewable energies.
Along with this, it is also easier for them to accept this similar concept and use it in their own
lives so that society could gain benefits. This have also developed around 2.3 GW renewable
energy which has entered into the market place of same geographical region. On the basis of this,
it can be said that now more power is generated by the solar plants existing in Australia which is
approximately 21% extra from the actual proportion of power which consumed by household
person of Australia. This ultimately reflects that people of Australia can now spend more
electricity on their work as they are producing it with the usage of natural renewable resources
which are not scarce. Along with this, this initiative also helps Australia in their economic
growth as they are now saving cost which is being spend by them on consumption of electricity.
In addition to this, it has been further analysed that renewable energy also contributes in
developing safe and healthy environment in which society can survive effectively without facing
any health related to issues. In relation to present context, it can be said that electricity is
basically produced with the usage of fossil fuels15. This burning of fuels raises air pollution and
develops carbon which harm whole environment in negative manner. This situation of
14 Caroline. 2015. CONSTRUCTION OF A 1-MW SOLAR POWER STATION AT
KARRATHA AIRPORT COMMENCES. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://www.gemenergy.com.au/construction-of-a-1-mw-solar-power-station-at-karratha-
airport-commences/>.
15 Wang, Changjian, Fei Wang, Xinlin Zhang, Yu Yang, Yongxian Su, Yuyao Ye, and
Hongou Zhang. "Examining the driving factors of energy related carbon emissions using the
extended STIRPAT model based on IPAT identity in Xinjiang." Renewable and Sustainable
Energy Reviews 67 (2017): 51-61.

environment also places negative impact over the health of people. Therefore, it can be said that
Karratha Airport solar project directly promotes clean energy in Australia as it is now focusing
on renewable energies in order to produce ample amount of energy for consumption. Along with
this, it has been further analysed that Implementation of solar plants at Karratha Airport could
also contributes in developing job opportunity in the society. This is because, whenever any solar
projects are initiated it requires huge number of workforce who implement it effectively. Thus, it
can be said that Karratha Airport solar project have directly provided job opportunity to localise
people which will enhance employment rate of the nation.
Experiences that can be provided to impact the stakeholders
According to Carley, Michael, and Ian Christi, 2017 any change adopted by an
organisation regarding renewable resources considering the future, it is vital to focus on
stakeholders16. It has been analysed that any change made by a business organisation regarding
there own benefits or for a social welfare, majorly impacts upon stakeholders (investors,
consumers, employees and other important people). In the same way, Karratha Airport an
Australian Airdrome and energy matters did the collaboration with a range of stakeholders and
worked on a solar project to considering an innovative approach to generate 1MW electricity
everyday17. Actually, this step has been taken for conserving the natural resources for a longer
period of time. This action will directly help society in both direct and indirect manner. Based on
the findings, it can be said that public not only of Australia but in all over the world has become
much more conscious towards saving natural resources. Therefore, this action taken by Karratha
16 Doppelt, Bob. Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for
business, government and civil society. Routledge, 2017.
17 Carley, Michael, and Ian Christie. Managing sustainable development. Routledge, 2017.

Airport has impacted positively its stakeholders and helped in saving half of the cost which they
used to spend on electricity bills.
Thus, it can be said that Karratha Airport could easily contribute towards the future
(stimulation experience). Karratha Airport may start getting support from a range of stakeholders
as well. In present context, impact upon stakeholders is being mentioned beneath:
Government: In the near future, if Karratha Airport will work on the same project where
the solar plant featured with high-performance 340 watt solar panels and SMA Sunny Tripower
solar inverters, which helped business organisation in generating 1,871 MWh of clean electricity
annually. It is may be possible that Australian government might help them with a range of other
benefits rebate in taxes and so on, which could help them in sustaining and gaining competitive
advantages at international level18. As Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) which is
coming under government has supported in the name of $7.1 million for the solar plant project. It
is may be possible that, Karratha Airport will gain more benefits from the Australian government
in near future for using renewable energy in Australia.
Vendors: Since Karratha Airport is working at international level and the solar plant
which they implemented for generating the electricity has helped them coming on the second
best airport of Australia. Due to this, Karratha Airport has become famous not only in Australia
but in all over the world which has helped them in sustaining because its employees has got the
opportunity to work in a positive environment19. They might also get support in near future as
well, as Karratha Airport consist with a range of vendors which sells different range of products,
if they also start using the solar plants through making small contributions among maintenance
18 Blau, Peter. Exchange and power in social life. Routledge, 2017.
19 Nelson, Vaughn, and Kenneth Starcher. Wind energy: renewable energy and the
environment. CRC press, 2018.

of silicon plates that are being used within the plant. This is because a big plant consist with
ample number of silicon plates basically require high maintenance and this might affect revenue
as well because a big part of it will directly go an expense to fix or maintain the silicon plates.
Continuation of this, will directly help Karratha Airport in reaching to new heights as they will
also support society as well in near future. It is may be possible that, Karratha Airport might be
able to make all the activities cost free related to the electricity, this will directly put positive
impact upon vendors' profit margins.
Customers: Since customers basically coming under society, Karratha Airport is directly
offering customers with a range of profits. This could be understood with an example where
consumers would require to pay a huge fee of parking there cars in parking area of Karratha
Airport. Since this airport will directly save a huge amount of cost of electricity, they might offer
customers with free parking service.
TASK 3: FIELD RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY
FIELD RESEARCH
Field research is refers to as a qualitative method within data collection which aims over
interacting, observing and understanding people while they are in natural environment. These
kind of investigation are usually conduct wither by taking interview or observing the views as
well as behaviour of employees from a distance in order to understand the way in which they
behave over a particular situation, social environment and at the time when they came in contact
with an event20. This field research is consists of a diverse range of social research methods
which includes limited participations, observations, analysis of documents and other informal
20 Kumar, Ranjit. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage
Publications Limited, 2019.

interviews, informations, survey etc. Though field research is generally characterized as a
qualitative investigation but often it involves multiple aspects of qualitative research within it.
The main objective behind obtaining field study is to observe as well as analyse the
specific behaviour of particular concern topic. The reason as well as effect of behaviour is tough
to analyse because of multiple variable presence in a natural environment. In addition to this
majority of data collection is based not entirely over the effect as well as cause but it also
depends over the correlation21. Hence when a field research involves correlation then at that time
small sample size make it more difficult in establishing the casual relationship among two or
more variable. Field research is typically consists of five distinctive methods which are given
below: Direct Observation:- Under this method data regarding the investigation topic is
basically collected using an observational method or subject within in a natural
environment. In direct observation method the behaviour as well as outcome of situation
not get interfered by researcher in any way. The main benefit of this method is that it
provides a contextual data over people, interactions, situations and surroundings. The
observational method of field research is broadly used in environment of public setting
but not in a private surrounding as it may raise an ethical dilemma. Participant Observation:- In this method of field research, the investigator deeply
involve the research process in both manner such as observer as well as participant22.
Part6icipant observation is too conducted within the natural environment but the main
difference is that there research get involves within the conversation and have the
21 Alvesson, Mats, and Kaj Sköldberg. Reflexive methodology: New vistas for qualitative
research. Sage, 2017.
22 Bresler, Liora, and Robert E. Stake. "Qualitative research methodology in music
education." In Critical Essays in Music Education, pp. 113-128. Routledge, 2017.

authority to mould the direction of discussion in a manner it want for getting effective
outcome. The main advantage of using this method is that researcher have a comfortable
environment with participants and be able to have a open up in-depth interaction. Ethnography:- It refers to an expanded observation of social research and perspective
along with cultural value of whole social setting. In ethnography basically entire
community are being observed objectively. This help researcher in determine the set of
behaviour or belief people usually shares that belongs to a particular area. Apart from this
it also help researcher in observing day to day behaviour of people which further
contribute toward developing a in-depth knowledge regarding particular area of study. Qualitative Interview:- In this section, some close ended questions are being prepared by
the researcher which are directly get asked by participants. The qualitative interviews can
be either semi-structured, informal, conversational, standardized, open ended or can be
the mix of all the above them23. This help a researcher to get large amount of data which
they can sort as per the requirement. Under this section of field research methods like
focus group, text analysis, interview and questionnaire are being used to gather data.
 Case study:- It refers to the process of performing an in-depth analysis of a situation,
person or event. This method look somewhat difficult but it is considered as one of the
simplest way to investigate information as it involve a deep dive and thorough understand
regarding the data collection method as well as concluding the information gathered.
The above mentioned points describe about the methods that are used to perform field
research. In order to conduct this investigation over “How can a community become both aware
23 Quinlan, Christina, Barry Babin, Jon Carr, and Mitch Griffin. Business research methods.
South Western Cengage, 2019.

and actively affiliated to renewable energies through a real life simulated experience”,
participant observational method will be used in order to conduct a survey over this topic. The
main reason behind using this method is that it help researcher in getting in-depth knowledge
regarding the behaviour of the participant by observing them. In addition to this major benefit of
opting this method is that researcher would be able to mould the gathered information as per
their understanding and knowledge in order to make to make the outcome more effective. Under
this method the local citizens of Karratha are being observed by the researcher to determine the
benefits as well as issues they are having due to the biggest project for producing renewable
energy of Karratha airport solar panel plant Among localities of these area some people are
randomly selected for sampling which are then provided with questionnaire in order to perform
deep evaluation over them and gathered information in this area.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Methodology refers to the process that is being used by investigator to gather
data and information for satisfying actual aim of investigation. The specific section includes
various sub sections such as types of investigation, data collection methods, research design,
research philosophy, research approach, data analysis and sampling method. This methodology
section helps investigator in identifying suitable method by which their research can be
completed effectively along with the authenticity24. It also helps investigator in identifying
valuable conclusion which could further help learners in enhancing their knowledge on the same
topic. Thus, it is essential for investigator to choose right methods, tools and technique in order
to conduct an effective research. It has been further analysed that these methodologies and tools
are updating with the changing time. Therefore, in order to deal with the same thing, it is
24 Humphries, Beth. Re-thinking social research: anti-discriminatory approaches in
research methodology. Routledge, 2017.

required by researcher analyse and decide that which method or model is best suitable for their
research and will help them in finding out feasible outcomes.
With reference to current study, suitable methodologies and techniques are described
under beneath. Moreover, the section will also cover up information on overall methodologies
and technologies in order to provide more authenticity to this section. Therefore, it is essential
for investigator to choose correct methods for conducting an effective research that would
provide better outcomes to learner. The applicable and suitable methodologies, tools and
technique for the current study are described as below:
Type of investigation
It is essential for every investigator to evaluate and find out nature of current
investigation in order to choose right method for the same. This investigation on research method
also helps researcher in choosing right technique that means it could be quantitative or
qualitative in nature25. It can be said that if research is qualitative in nature then it is essential for
them to collect information from qualitative medium that means human beings. It completely
relies upon information collected from feelings and perception of human beings. On the other
hand, if chosen study is quantitative in nature, then researcher mainly emphasis on using
quantitative tools and statistical techniques in order to obtain accurate out data and provide best
result of the research. In addition to this, in quantitative research analysis is basically done on the
basis of facts and figures in terms of numericals. With reference to current study, it has been
analysed that this research is qualitative in nature. Therefore, investigation have chosen
qualitative methods and techniques to complete this investigation in appropriate manner.
25 af Wåhlberg, Anders. Driver behaviour and accident research methodology: unresolved
problems. CRC Press, 2017.

Research design
Research design is considered as the way in which whole investigation is going to be
conducted. Research designs are mainly of three types that is exploratory, descriptive and
experimental. In this, experimental designs are considering mathematical and scientific
evaluation in order to develop a theory. Exploratory research puts stress on identifying new
models, theories and concept by exploring each and every aspect. Whereas, descriptive type of
research design focuses on representing investigation through description information (facts and
figures)that is gathered by in depth study. In relation to current study, investigator have
conducted an detailed evaluation for finding out feasible outcome for research. For this,
descriptive design is considered by researcher. In this, main focus of investigator is on collecting
information from perception of its related person which will further analysed effectively in order
to evaluate valid outcome.
Research approach
Research approach is considered as the process and plan which helps research in
assuming that which methodology is suitable for them. Research approach are mainly two types
that is inductive or deductive26. Inductive type of research approach emphasises on evaluation of
currently active information based on facts and figures. It basically focuses on exploring more on
the topic so that better output can be gained. On the other hand, deductive research focuses on
completely new theories that are proven positive on the basis of hypothesis and the outcome of
this is confirmed by the observation of existing fact and figures. The current investigation is
based on qualitative method of research which put emphasis over gathering the detailed
information about renewable energy through analysing real life experience. So that researcher
26 Chodorow, Joan. Dance/movement therapists in action: A working guide to research
options. Charles C Thomas Publisher, 2018.

would be able to aware the community and influence them to being affiliated wit renewable
energy. Hence in order to perform this investigation inductive approach will be used which help
in concluding the information in more reliable and valid manner from the data gathered through
qualitative method.
Research philosophy
Research philosophy is considered as a key area of investigation which help in providing
a support to literature by making the number of sources available in order to gather information.
Research philosophy is basically deals with the nature, sources as well as enhancement of
knowledge within the specified area under investigation. Hence it can be said that resaerch
philosophy is all about the structure in which information regarding the phenomenon will be
gathered, analysed and then used to achieve research objectives. There are basically two type of
research philosophy which are commonly used within investigation such as interpretivism and
positivism. The positivism philosophy is based over the empiricist view that knowledge is
basically stem up through the experience that a human gained. On the other side interpretivism is
defined as a tool which help in performing a thorough analysis over the views and opinion that
are gathered in literature review over several authors and writers. In order to conduct this
investigation, interpretivism philosophy will be used as it is very essential for rendering the
potential description over the information gathered through qualitative research.
Data collection methods:-
It is defined as the types of gathering data regarding a particular topic of concern so that
required information can be gathered in support of objectives behind of conduction of
investigation. There are basically two type of data collection methods that are given below:
Primary method of data collection:

It is defined as a type of data collection method through which fresh and more relevant
information is gathered which is new and doesn't collected by any other person previously. The
main aim behind collecting primary data is that the information gathered through this method are
more reliable and specific because it is collected through one to one interaction. This in turn also
help in exploring the information in more effective manner27. Major benefit of primary data is
that information gathered through research have high degree of accuracy but on the side its main
drawback is that it is time consuming as well as also costs higher. There are number of sources
present for gathering primary data such as survey, interview, observation, focus group etc. In
order to perform this investigation over topic “How can a community become both aware and
actively affiliated to renewable energies through a real life simulated experience”, survey will be
performed over the people live in Karratha. For performing survey a questionnaire form will be
formed that consists of number of close ended questions. These questionnaire will be given to
some Karratha localities which will be selected randomly in order to get correct information
through this process without an kind of bias behaviour. Main reason behind selecting
questionnaire for gathering information is that it is less time consuming, reasonable and also help
researcher in collecting data within concise form which doesn't miss-lead the research direction
by providing excess information. This is because the information gathered through questionnaire
is concluded on the basis of majority in similar responses.
Secondary method of data collection: In this method of data collection, investigator collects
information from the past work or other research which is already done by some one else in past
time. This data or information is completely based on secondary sources such online article,
27 af Wåhlberg, Anders. Driver behaviour and accident research methodology: unresolved
problems. CRC Press, 2017.

blogs, magazine, previous research, books, Journals, newspaper and other published and non
published methods. This method seems to be feasible for those research which are conducted in
less time frame. Along with this, it can be said that this method is less time consuming and
provides better output for the chosen topic as investigator cross checks perception of different
writers and authors over the same topic. Another effectiveness of secondary method of data
collection shows that its affordable for investigators as well as other people who plans to conduct
an effective research. In addition to this, it can be said that another objective which have been
seen for considering this type of data collection is that it makes information more specific and
also fills the gaps which are developed due to differences between 0primary and secondary
methods28. On the other hand, it has been analysed that this method is worthful for better
research which are conducted in less time period but when investigator has time then it will be
better for them to go primary methods as they are more reliable and authentic. Along with this,
there are probable chances that data collected by secondary sources might be outdated which
could loose accuracy of research and might not provide valuable outcome to readers.
Sampling
The sampling technique is basically emphasized over the selection of sample which
represent the original population. In order to select sample size, researcher can either use
probabilistic sampling technique or non-probabilistic technique. The probabilistic sampling
technique refers to the selection of sample population randomly in which equal probability is
assigned to every observation. It will also help in avoiding any sort of bias behaviour throughout
the investigation. On the other hand, non-probabilistic sampling technique involves purposive
and convenience sampling technique in which respondents are selected on the bases of their
28 Chodorow, Joan. Dance/movement therapists in action: A working guide to research
options. Charles C Thomas Publisher, 2018.

contribution toward the purpose of study. In order to conduct this investigation researcher is
selecting the respondents randomly by using probabilistic sampling technique. Here, for
selecting a sample from a large population, sampling methods provide a number of techniques
like simple random, stratified, cluster and more. Under this investigation the selected
respondents are 100 localities as they are able to present the actual scenario regarding the impact
of renewable energy which help in ascertaining the accurate outcome related with the field of
investigation. This sample is selected on the basis of simple random sampling because 100
localities are chosen randomly. This will support in gathering the info0rmation which is more
reliable and valid in nature.
Ethical Consideration
This section is considered as most crucial factor which defines certain code of ethics for
a researcher to conduct investigation in ethical manner. In this regard, it is essential for project
makers to analyse the confidentiality and privacy of respondents therefore, while taking feedback
of them, it is responsibility of them to protect their personal details and should not disclose it in
front of third party. It would help in preventing a research from those issues which may impact
on entire outcomes in negative manner.
TASK 4 :DISCUSSION &CONCLUSION
Questionnaire
Q 1) Are you aware about the concept of renewable energy?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 2) What type of technologies are currently available for renewable energy?

a) Solar Systems
b) Wind Turbines
c) Ground source heat pump
Q 3) What impact can renewable energy have in a community scale?
a) Promote Clean energy
b) Saves electricity cost
c) Improves Job opportunity
Q 4) What are the most widely used methods to produce renewable energies?
a) Solar Plant
b) Wind turbines plant
c) Geothermal Plant
d) Hydro-Kinetic Power
Q 5) Do you think, implementation of renewable energy is helpful in utilising natural resources
in efficient manner?
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Q 6) According to your viewpoint, use of renewable energy would be beneficial for
community?
a) Agree

b) Disagree
Q 7) Which of the sources are mainly used to produce renewable energy?
a) Wind
b) Sunlight
c) Coal
Q 8) Do you think, Karratha Airport solar project is able to produce ample amount of electricity
required to perform operations?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 9) Does Webster power faced financial issues during its implementation of Karratha Airport
solar project?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 10) Do you think Karratha Airport solar project help in development of Australian clean
energy industry?
a) Yes
b) No
Q 11) What are the factors behind the initiation of Karratha Airport toward installation of solar
plant ?

a) Increase in customer traffic
b) Busy flight route
c) Availability of large space
d) Opportunity of earning profit
Q 12) Who are most influential stakeholders in Karratha Airport solar project ?
a) Government
b) Customers
c) Investors
d) Management staff of Karratha Airport
Q 13) What are other alternatives that Karratha Airport can adopt in order to produce
renewable energy?
a) Geothermal energy
b) Wind energy
Q 14) Provide recommendation to Karratha Airport for increasing the interest of stakeholders
towards their project.
Frequency table:-
Questionnaire
Q 1) Are you aware about the concept of renewable energy? Frequency
a) Yes 80

b) No 20
Q 2) What type of technologies are currently available for renewable
energy?
Frequency
a) Solar Systems 40
b) Wind Turbines 40
c) Ground source heat pump 20
Q 3) What impact can renewable energy have in a community scale? Frequency
a) Promote Clean energy 30
b) Saves electricity cost 50
c) Improves Job opportunity 20
Q 4) What are the most widely used methods to produce renewable
energies?
Frequency
a) Solar Plant 60
b) Wind turbines plant 20
c) Geothermal Plant 10
d) Hydro-Kinetic Power 10
Q 5) Do you think, implementation of renewable energy is helpful in
utilising natural resources in efficient manner?
Frequency
a) Agree 90
b) Disagree 10

Q 6) According to your viewpoint, use of renewable energy would be
beneficial for community?
Frequency
a) Agree 80
b) Disagree 20
Q 7) Do you think, Karratha Airport solar project is able to produce
ample amount of electricity required to perform operations?
Frequency
a) Yes 80
b) No 20
Q 8) Which of the sources are mainly used to produce renewable
energy?
Frequency
a) Wind 20
b) Sunlight 60
c) Coal 20
Q 9) Does Webster power company faced financial issues during its
implementation of Karratha Airport solar project?
Frequency
a) Yes 70
b) No 30
Q 10) Do you think Karratha Airport solar project help in development
of Australian clean energy industry?
Frequency
a) Yes 70

b) No 30
Q 11) What are the factors behind the initiation of Karratha Airport
toward installation of solar plant ?
Frequency
a) Increase in customer traffic 30
b) Busy flight route 30
c) Availability of large space 20
d) Opportunity of earning profit 20
Q 12) Who are most influential stakeholders in Karratha Airport solar
project ?
Frequency
a) Government 40
b) Customers 10
c) Investors 30
d) Management staff of Karratha Airport 20
Q 13) What are other alternatives that Karratha Airport can adopt in
order to produce renewable energy?
Frequency
a) Geothermal energy 40
b) Wind energy 60
DATA INTERPRETATION
Theme 1: Concept of renewable energy

Q 1) Are you aware about the concept of renewable energy? Frequency
a) Yes 80
b) No 20
Interpretation:- From the above given information it can be interpret that renewable
energy is open of the most prominent concept now a days as people are becoming more aware
about its and also it become a part of a persons daily routine in some manner. Around 80 out of
100 respondents said that they are aware about the concept of renewable energy as there are
number of successful project planted around the world for producing electricity. On the other
side, another 20 people said that they doesn't have any knowledge regarding renewable energy
and way in which it produce energy.
Theme 2: Type of technologies available for renewable energy
Q 2) What type of technologies are currently Frequency
80
20
a) Yes
b) No

available for renewable energy?
a) Solar Systems 40
b) Wind Turbines 40
c) Ground source heat pump 20
Interpretation:- As per the above mentioned information it can be said that there are
number of technologies present within the environment that are used to produce renewable
energy. Through survey it has been found that 40 out of 100 respondents said that the solar
system is one of the most widely used technology in order to produce energy or electricity by
using sunlight. The energy produced through solar panels are known as solar energy and is
basically used as an alternative of electricity. Apart from this another 40 respondents said that
wind turbine is a tradition and mostly commonly used technology for producing renewable
energy. In this the wind produced through the change in temperature are get harnessed by
turbines which then convert into the power and used for pumping water in farm. Despite of this
40
40
20
a) Solar Systems
b) Wind Turbines
c) Ground source heat pump

20 respondents said that now people generally uses ground source heat pumps in order to
produce heat to maintain the temperatures of building or other things. The energy produced
through grounded heat pumps is known as geothermal energy and used as an alternative to
heaters or air conditioner.
Theme 3: Impact of renewable energy in community scale
Q 3) What impact can renewable energy
have in a community scale?
Frequency
a) Promote Clean energy 30
b) Saves electricity cost 50
c) Improves Job opportunity 20
Interpretation: Renewable energy have an huge influence over people and community
at large by providing a medium to save natural resources and get energy through renewable
30
50
20
a) Promote Clean energy
b) Saves electricity cost
c) Improves Job opportunity

energy that will not get finished till the life of human beings. From the survey conducted it has
been found that 30 respondents from the sample size of 100 said that it help in promoting clean
energy which is produced through the medium which doesn't pollute the environment by
emitting carbon or other chemicals in environment. On the other side another 50 respondents
said that sources through which renewable energy get produced help in producing energy that
can be used as an alternative of electricity. This energy is produced through sources like solar,
water, wind and sometimes it is through coals. Apart from this 20 respondents said that the
implementation of renewable energy contribute toward the development of society by creating
job opportunities. This is because the establishment, maintenance and management of renewable
energy plant require more people to work and as a result of which local people get job
opportunity with the establishment of such projects.
Theme 4: Most widely used method for producing renewable energy
Q 4) What are the most widely used
methods to produce renewable energies?
Frequency
a) Solar Plant 60
b) Wind turbines plant 20
c) Geothermal power 10
d) Hydro-Kinetic Power 10

Interpretation:- There are number of methods present within the environment that are
used to produce renewable energy in order to deal with the threat regarding the scarcity of
natural resources. As per the survey performed by researcher it has been found that 60 among
100 respondents said that solar plant is one of the most widely used medium to produce energy.
In this big space is basically covered up with solar panels which directly intake the sunlight that
convert them into electricity. Apart from this 20 respondents said that wind turbine plant is most
commonly used method in areas like farms and oil plant, wind turbines are used in this area
because such plant are basically present in outer area where the electricity is not properly
available. Hence, windmills are used as to produce electricity so that these can be used to extract
oil or pump water. But on the other side 10 other respondents said that geothermal power is most
widely used at corporate and residential area in order to produce heat to maintain the temperature
of building without expending much over electricity. In addition to this other 10 respondents out
of 100 said that Hydro-Kinetic power is most widely used in order to produce renewable energy.
This is because water is consider as a main source of producing electricity and with the help of
marine thermal use to harness the movement of water to produce energy and use it for lighting
up homes and appliances.
60 20
1010
a) Solar Plant
b) Wind turbines plant
c) Geothermal power
d) Hydro-Kinetic Power

Theme 5: Implementation of renewable energy helpful in utilising natural resources in
efficient manner
Q 5) Do you think, implementation of
renewable energy is helpful in utilising
natural resources in efficient manner?
Frequency
a) Agree 90
b) Disagree 10
Interpretation:- The renewable energy is considered to be one of the most crucial part
within the environment as it help in providing a medium through which the energy can be
produced without polluting the environment. Hence implementation of renewable energy can be
consider as an helpful source in utilisation of natural resources. By performing survey over this it
has been found that 90 out of 100 respondents are agree with the fact that renewable energy
implementation help in utilisation of natural resources within more efficient manner. This is
because natural resources such as wind, sunlight, water, coal etc. used to produce renewable
energy. But on the other side 10 respondents are not agreed with the fact that implementation of
90
10
a) Agree
b) Disagree

renewable energy helps in utilisation of natural resources in effective manner as respondents are
not much aware about the concept of renewable energy, the way it get produced and benefits
offered by it.
Theme 6: Use of renewable energy beneficial for community
Q 6) According to your viewpoint, use of
renewable energy would be beneficial for
community?
Frequency
a) Agree 80
b) Disagree 20
Interpretation:- Renewable energy plays a significant role within the growth as well as
development of community in several ways such as by reducing the pollution, creating energy
through renewable resources and providing job opportunity. From the survey performed over this
it has been interpreted that 80 out of 100 respondents are agreed with the fact that renewable
80
20
a) Agree
b) Disagree

energy is beneficial for the community this is because it saves the cost of electricity and also
reduces the pollution as it doesn't emit any sort of greenhouse gas that is usually produced
through fossil fuels. In addition to this it also help in reducing the dependence of people over
imported fuels. On the other side 20 respondents are not agreed with this fact because they want
to live in present by using the available source without worrying about future and putting efforts
toward using these technologies to produce electricity.
Theme 7: Karratha Airport solar project is able to produce ample amount of electricity
required to perform operations
Q 7) Do you think, Karratha Airport solar
project is able to produce ample amount of
electricity required to perform operations?
Frequency
a) Yes 80
b) No 20
Interpretation: Renewable energy basically helps businesses in producing energy that
could be could contribute in performing work effectively. With reference to Karratha Airport
80
20
a) Yes
b) No

solar project, it can be said that after implementation of this project it would be easier for this
premises to produce electricity that is used by them at airport. On the basis of above mentioned
pie chart, it can be said that 80 respondents thinks that by implementing this solar plant it will
easier for this airport to fulfil its requirement of electricity so that their cost could be saved over
it. These have also declared that this solar project produces ample amount of electricity with
which they can easily establish their operational activities that are performed with the usage of
electricity. It can be said that this solar plant project is spread in around 722 hectares of land
which is very broad. Thus, this much area is able to produce sufficient amount of electricity that
will be helpful for executing operational activities at airport. On the other hand, leftover 20
people have stated that electricity which is produced by Karratha Airport solar project is not
sufficient for operational activities as it second largest airport of Australia which consumes high
range electricity. Thus, it can be said that this solar project can contribute providing some
amount of electricity but it would be possible for this project to produce whole electricity which
is required by Karratha Airport for executing operational activities.
Theme 8: Different sources that are mainly used to produce renewable energy
Q 8) Which of the sources are mainly used
to produce renewable energy?
Frequency
a) Wind 20
b) Sunlight 60
c) Coal 20

Interpretation: Renewable energy requires various sources for producing required
amount of energy. These sources includes wind, coal and sunlight etc. According to the above
represented pie chart, it can be said that 20 people thinks that Wind is the main source of energy
through which they can produced adequate amount of energy. This is because, they have visited
many wind turbines plant which have produced required energy in effective manner. On the
other hand, 60 respondent have said that sunlight is the major source which could contributes in
developing desired proportion of energy which is required by them to perform their work
effectively. They thinks that sun is the only source which will never vanish as its rays are so
much powerful through which they can produce maximum energy that will fulfil requirement of
all. Whereas, 20 people have said that coal is the only main source which could contribute in
developing renewable energy. These respondent thinks that coal is the old form of natural
resources which is being used from past time in order to produce required energy for
accomplishing their requirement of energy. Therefore, according to them it is the best source
which could contribute in developing renewable energy.
Theme 9: Webster power company faced financial issues during its implementation of
Karratha Airport solar project
20
60
20
a) Wind
b) Sunlight
c) Coal

Q 9) Does Webster power company faced
financial issues during its implementation of
Karratha Airport solar project?
Frequency
a) Yes 70
b) No 30
Interpretation: Implementation of solar plant requires huge range of financial funds in
order to establish solar panels effectively at the chosen place. Solar plant of Karratha Airport was
built up with thje cost of $7.1 million. This financial fund was quite major for Webster Power
company that might become reason for financial trouble for this company. As per the above
specified pie chart, it can be said that 70 respondents thinks that implementation of Karratha
Airport solar project as they thinks this project have consumed high range of financial saving of
company which have made them suffered a lot. This is because, after implementation of this
project it was not possible company to spent equivalent amount of money on the areas like
70
30
a) Yes
b) No

earlier. On the other hand, 30 respondents have stated that they don't think that Webster power
company have faced any financial issue due to implementation of Karratha Airport solar project
as the company is having back up financial sources. Along with this, with the passing time the
company will recover its invested money as they are not required to pay any bill of electricity
after implementation of solar plant at Karratha airport.
Theme 10: Karratha Airport solar project help in development of Australian clean energy
industry
Q 10) Do you think Karratha Airport solar
project help in development of Australian
clean energy industry?
Frequency
a) Yes 70
b) No 30
Interpretation: Adoption of project related to renewable energies is beneficial for whole
society. With reference to Australian clean energy industry, it can be said that Karratha Airport
solar plant have contributed a major proportion in its development. On the basis of data collected
from chosen respondents it has been analysed that around 70 people believes that Karratha
70
30
a) Yes
b) No

Airport solar plant have placed good proportion of improvement in clean energy industry. This is
because, after initiation of this solar plant it has been analysed that around 38 other project have
been initiated in Australia, which has ultimately contributed in the development of Australian
clean energy industry. Whereas, remaining 30 respondents thinks that this implementation of
solar plant at Karratha Airport have not impacted upon development of Australian clean energy
industry as the industry is already developed and it already owns some past project before
implementation of this major Solar plant.
Theme 11: Factors behind the initiation of Karratha Airport toward installation of solar plant
Q 11) What are the factors behind the
initiation of Karratha Airport toward
installation of solar plant ?
Frequency
a) Increase in customer traffic 30
b) Busy flight route 30
c) Availability of large space 20
d) Opportunity of earning profit 20
30
30
20
20
a) Increase in customer
traffic
b) Busy flight route
c) Availability of large
space
d) Opportunity of earning
profit

Interpretation:- Karratha Airport has taken an initiative toward production of renewable
energy by inserting several solar panels in free spaces and now these panels are able to produce
this much electricity which is used to operate all the operations performed at airport. In order to
determine the reason behind installation of solar plant survey has been conducted and from this it
has been found that 30 out of 100 respondents said that main factor behind this project is
increasing in customer traffic at airport. This is because it is second largest airport of Australia
and number of customer get increased from 207,458 in 1985-86 to 798,301 in 2011-12. But on
the other hand 30 out of 100 respondents said that this airport handles some busy routes and as a
result of which work load is relatively higher that increases the demand of more electricity which
costs higher. In addition to this 20 respondents said that the main reason behind the initiation of
Karratha airport toward solar plant is availability of large space over airport that is around 722
hectares which has a capacity to install large amount of panels. But apart from all this 10
respondents said that main reason behind opting this project is that it help Karratha Airport to
earn large amount of profit by minimising the cost of electricity and contributing toward
environmental development which help in attracting more customers as well as investors.
Theme 12: Most influential stakeholders in Karratha Airport solar project
Q 12) Who are most influential stakeholders
in Karratha Airport solar project ?
Frequency
a) Government 40
b) Customers 10
c) Investors 30
d) Management staff of Karratha Airport 20

Interpretation: Stakeholder are the one who are directly related to company and places
impact over its performance. With reference to Karratha Airport, it can be said that for this
premises main stakeholders are government, investors, management staff and customers.
According to the above specified pie chart, it can be said that all of the stated stakeholders holds
remarkable influence over the airport and its initiative renewable energy by implementing solar
plant. As per evaluation, it can be said that around 40 people believes that for Karratha airport
government is major influential stakeholder as it gives permission to owner of airport to
implement the solar plant. On the other hand, 10 of the chosen respondent thinks that customers
are most influential stakeholder who are affected by Karratha airport solar plant. This because,
they belief with this project customers will definitely get relaxation in payable as there are
probable chances that in future they will have to pay less amount for services that are used by
them. 30 of total respondent thinks that investors are most influential stakeholders as they will
provide financial support to the project of solar plant at Karratha Airport. Moreover, leftover 20
respondents have specified that management staff of this premises holds major impact as they
with its establishment they will definitely have to modify their strategies and working
40
10 30
20
a) Government
b) Customers
c) Investors
d) Management staff of
Karratha Airport

capabilities according to the changed working pattern that is usage of electricity produced by
Solar plant.
Theme 13: Various alternatives that Karratha Airport can adopt in order to produce
renewable energy
Q 13) What are other alternatives that Karratha Airport can adopt
in order to produce renewable energy?
Frequency
a) Geothermal energy 40
b) Wind energy 60
Interpretation: There are different alternatives which can be adopted by Karratha airport
for producing renewable energy. It has been seen that there are various alternatives like Wind
energy and Geothermal energy. On the basis of above specified pie chart, it has been identified
that among total of 100, 40 respondents have said that Geothermal energy is best alternative
which could be adopted by Karratha airport in order to produce energy that will fulfil their
regular based work. In order support this statement these respondent have said that by
implementing geothermal plant it would be easier for Airport to produce adequate amount of
energy for the whole premises. On the other hand, left over 60 respondents have said that wind
40
60
a) Geothermal energy
b) Wind energy

energy is the best option that could be adopted by Karratha Airport as this airport is having large
space in which wind turbines can be easily setup.
Findings:-
From the above performed survey for gathering primary data it has been found that
renewable energy is now become a part of person's life and awareness regarding this is also get
increased among them. There are number of sources with the help of which renewable energy is
produced such as wind, sunlight, heat, water and so on . In order to produce this energy several
technologies like Solar Systems, Wind Turbines, Ground source heat pump etc. which then
convert the resources into energy that further used as an alternative of electricity for performing
operations effectively. The use of renewable energy have an huge influence over the community
as it help in promoting clean energy which in turn also saves cost of electricity bills and create
job opportunities. These energies are basically created by installing the solar plant and wind
turbinate plans over free lands, geothermal plant in the land of several buildings as well as
hydro-kinetic power in sea or river areas to produce electricity. These plant installation support
in proper utilisation of natural resource and minimising threat regarding scarcity of resources
which can be save for future generations. Hence it can be said that it is beneficial for the welfare
of environment and community as well, because it doesn't emit any sort of greenhouse gases that
may lead to increase in pollution.
A great example of such plant is Karratha Airport solar project where panels are inserted
by Webster power company which produce an ample amount of electricity required by airport to
perform operations. But during the implementation of this project some financial issues has been
faced by company as the project was very much big and hence company has approached
investment from outside from which it get approx $2.3 million which is one fourth of overall

project cost. The main reason behind the installation of project is that Karratha airport handles
majority of busy routes for the areas like Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne which also increased
the traffic of customer toward Airport which further increased the demand of electricity. In
addition to this another major factor which leads to initiation toward this project is that Airport
covers up around 722 hectares space which make it easier to keep large number of solar panels.
One of that major factor regarding the establishment of this project is attractive benefits which it
provide to company, airport and government as well.
DISCUSSION OF SECONDARY DATA
Different type of technologies that are currently available for renewable energy
As per the above mentioned information, collected from different authors it has been
identified that renewable energy is one of the most prominent concept now a days due to benefits
it provide to society as well as corporates. In addition to this the awareness regarding the
production of renewable energy get improved due to increase in fossil fuel cost and threat of
sudden climate change due to global warming which also increased the risk of depletion of
natural resources. These risk factors has enhanced the demand of making people aware and get
them affiliated within the practices of producing electricity by using natural resources which also
help people in saving their cost as well as electricity. In addition to that, these practices regarding
the production of renewable energy also help in contributing toward the improvement of
ecological system by reducing the carbon footprint which generated through fossil fuels which
producing electricity and used to work with machineries. This in turn also increase the focus of
corporates toward this as they started contributing toward such practices in order to involve them
in corporate social responsibility practices and earn profit.
Renewable energy is get produced with the resources like carbohydrate in plants,
movement of wind & water, heat & sunlight, coal etc. are used to produce energy like solar,

wind, geothermal and hydro-power energy. But in order to use these resources for producing
energy number of technologies are used such as Solar collector, photovoltaic panels, wind
turbines, ground source heat pump etc. These all technologies are used to produce electricity by
using renewable resources like sunlight which are absorbed by solar panels which convert and
transfer electricity through connectors in buildings. Apart from this wind turbines are generally
harness the air flow created through the change in climate and then convert it into electricity or
energy used for either pumping water in farm or extracting oil. It is also consider as one of the
most older and traditional methods to create energy and used in farms. Another technology used
for producing energy is ground pumps in which fluid pumps are attached in ground in order to
harness the heat that can be further used to manage the temperature of building or in boiling the
water. This technology is basically used by corporates, residential complex, hospitals and other
related building for maintaining the temperature without using electricity.

Impact of renewable energy on community scale
According to the above specified information on the renewable energy and its impact
over community from different perception of author, it can be said that concept of renewable
energy holds high influence over community. This is because, it promotes clean energy as
required energy is produced without harming environment. Along with this, it has been also seen
that this energy is mainly produced with natural resources which are not scarce. Thus, its better
for soceity as well as environment to go for these sources in order to produce desired energies.
Main natural sources which can be used for producing energies includes sun, water, wind, coal,
heat etc. In context of Karratha Airport Solar Project, this initiation of Webster power company
have provided contributed biggest proportion in improving society. Along with this, it has also
impacted upon the creation of extra job in community as more number of renewable energy
projects will require extra workforce for executing these project work effectively. This will
enhance employment rate in the Australia. In addition to this, it can be further said that more
increment in number of projects of solar plants will ultimately reduce expenses of businesses
which are placed by them on electricity. As a result, it also place positive impact in the rise
economical status of Australia as their cost of electricity is reducing day by day with the usage of
solar plants.
Along with this, it has also been analysed that with the usage of solar plants in Australia
around 21% of electricity consumption is managed with the help of solar projects. It will also
reduce electricity bill of local households in case they have used similar solar projects to reduce
their electricity bills. Along with this, it has been further seen that community is also influenced
towards the solar projects as they believes if they will use sun rays effectively then will be soon
able to generate their regular based household energy. As a result, they will be able to save their
money can use them in some other core areas where it is needed the most. At next, the concept of
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renewable energies is best for creating healthy environment for society and also contributes in
their development in terms of job creation.
Experiences that can be provided to impact the stakeholders
Based on the information, which is being involved under the investigation regarding the
solar plant which has been developed by Karratha Airport and the experiences which has been
carried by its stakeholders is some how resulted in a positive sense. It can be said that Karratha
Airport, has taken a decision which will aid them in near future because in the way all over the
world is using natural resources (fuels), it is may be possible that they will get finished soon.
Regardless, many people think in the way that why there is a need of keeping natural resources
as they will die to soon and believes in living life at its full. This thinking has affected natural
resources the most. Apart from this, if it is talked about Karratha Airport, they have used solar
plant for generating the electricity which has helped them in reducing the electricity cost up to
half of the money. This impacted positively upon government, customers and on vendors as well
because somewhere Karratha Airport has taken a decision regarding saving the cost of electricity
for themselves and this has also impacted positively upon natural environment as well. It can be
said that government might offer them with a range of facilities in near future. Along with this, it
can also be said that Karratha Airport might gain a good reputation as well in near future. Away
with this, if it is talked about investors, Karratha Airport will offer them great returns with surety
at the same time. Therefore, they might attract other people as well and turn them as their
investors in near future. Along with this, offering Karratha city with a much more pollution free
(carbon emission) environment would help Karratha Airport in attracting more vendors so that
they could directly offer customers/passengers with a range of benefits.
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CONCLUSION
With the help of above mentioned report, it is being concluded that renewable resources
could help in developing a much more secured and healthy environment. Apart from this,
effective usage of resources would help in re-utilising them which may aid in saving the natural
resources for a longer period of time. Along with this, based on the above information, it can be
said that focusing on re-utilisation of different things, it can easily be said that government,
people and other businesses could help in reaching to new heights. Away with this, using a solar
plant, it can be said that electricity cost, which are getting higher and higher day by day would
reduce to half or more than that. Along with this, it is also summarised that the renewable energy
is considered to be one of the most crucial part within the environment as it is directly helping
business organisations like it has become a source through which electricity would be generated
without polluting the business environment. Therefore, it can be said implementation of
renewable energy can be consider as an helpful source in utilisation of natural resources. This
section also enhanced the economy as well of a country, because launching a whole new solar
plant will directly generate job opportunity for individual in companies who works for renewable
of naturals resources. It will also convince more and more people to work with same companies
as it is one among the upcoming trend in society as well. Along with this, if it is thought in a
different way, it can be said that power supplying companies might face a range of problems
regarding generating revenue in specified time frame.
On the other hand, adoption of project related to renewable energies is not only beneficial
for a specific organisation but it is also advantageous for whole society. Thus, it is much required
for a business organisation to implement the solar plant in order to use renewable resource at its
fullest. Away with this, inserting several solar panels in free space will help in storing the
electricity in batteries for a longer time frame.
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REFLECTION
Throughout my overall journey of research report, it has been analysed by me that I have
gone through numerous of experiences that is positive or negative. At the starting time of my
project, I was very excited about the project as the topic was very interesting and knowledgable.
The proposed topic for this research is related to renewable energies and its impact over
community. In order to develop better report on this topic I have chosen a specific case study of
Karratha Airport Solar Project. The case is one among the popular example for society that how
natural resources can be used in effective manner for producing energies like electricity. The
chosen case has also allowed me to understand actual influence of renewable energies on
community and its developed. On the basis of my experience, it can be said that educational
experience of mine was good as I have learnt a lot about the topic and grabbed information that
how these plants are actually working and supporting the community. Apart from this, I have
also observed that this research have provided me opportunity to been to learn about
environmental improvement and how I can put my efforts to contribute my share in efficiently
usage of natural resources.
At the time of conducting this research, I also analysed that my communication skill were
satisfactory as it was easy for me to convince people to give me accurate and worthy information
that will contribute in finding out valuable outcome. Along with this, it has been further analysed
by me that my time management were not effective which have made me delay in executing
some of my activities. But, with the passing time I have learnt importance of time management
in project which have ultimately helped me performing my work within the provided time frame.
Therefore, by observing overall experience of mine, it can be said that I have learnt numerous of
skills like presentation, influencing, time management, convincing, team working etc. On the
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basis of this, I have also realised that these skills will also help me out in improving my
knowledge. Thus, with the help of this I can conduct better research in future that will support
me in better career growth.
RECOMMENDATION
The use of renewable-able energy has grown in past few decades because government
and society understand that fossil fuels are not limitless. Solar, wind and Geothermal energy are
few renewable-able sources of energy and their demand in market is continuously enhancing.
Karratha airport is using solar energy because it is helping them in reducing their expenses and
carbon emission. In present scenario, almost half of the electricity used at airport is from solar
energy. Karratha airport can replace remaining source of non-renewable energy sources with
renewable sources like Wind and Geothermal energy.
Depending solely on solar energy is not a good idea as, like of all the source, it also has
many demerits. Integration of different sources of energy would be better for Karratha airport.
Use of Wind energy will make positive impact on profit and loss account of airport. From a
board perspective, this recommendation will not only restrict to monetary benefits, it will also
improve public health. Air and water pollution is considered as prime cause of breathing
problems, heart attack and cancer. Use of clean energy will be beneficial for whole community.
One of the major reason behind less use of renewable-able energy is inadequate
knowledge. People want to use clean energy but they are few myths which stop them from taking
initiatives. Their is a general perception that Solar or wind energy is very expensive. Critiques
has often argued that installation of solar panels cost huge amount of money and this form of
energy cannot be used homes. According to a study, conducted by Harvard University, use of
coal generating a bill of around $75 billions every year (Benefits of Renewable Energy Use,
2017). Government institutions should motivate public to start using renewable energy because
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if it wouldn't be used by majority of section then brining change in society is difficult. They can
provide subsidiary and other monetary benefits to those household who are using any form of
renewable energy.
Wastage of natural resources is another issue which is connected to clean energy in an
indirect way. Non-governmental organisations should promote the idea of checking the wastage
of electricity as changing the bad habits like forgetting to turn off light when not need, in whole
community is important. Use of renewable energy would be better but if wastage of electricity
will not go down with time then there is no point in promoting clean energy.
Economic growth of society is also connected to renewable energy. Coal is used for
production of electricity, this resource is depleting as it is not present in infinite amount. But
Sunlight and Wind are among few resources which are not going to decrease with their
utilisation. This means that the price of raw material, which is required to make electricity,
wouldn't go up in forthcoming time and society can get clean energy at an affordable price. From
economic point of view, use of renewable energy is highly recommended.
One of the major disadvantage of increasing dependence on renewable is capacity of its
generation. Their is still a big question mark that whether clean energy can be produced in same
quantity as of traditional fossil fuel generators. Their is no doubt that use of renewable energy
should enhance but keeping a balance between traditional and new sources is very important for
fulfilling public demand. Smooth transition from old to new approach is only possible when
airports like Karratha will gradually shift from coal to renewable source. They should keep
following the strategy of increasing solar or wind energy use at airport but sudden transition is
also not recommended.
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