Renewable Energy Technology

RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
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Contents
List of Acronyms..........................................................................................................................................3
RES-Renewable Energy Systems..................................................................................................................3
SEAI-Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland..............................................................................................3
NEARLY ZERO ENERGY BUILDING STANDARD..............................................................................................4
Introduction.............................................................................................................................................4
Renewable Energy Technologies in Commercial Buildings in the Rural Setting...........................................6
Technologies for building integrated renewable energy..........................................................................7
Flat Plate Thermo siphon Units alongside Integrated Collector Storage..............................................9
Solar Collectors having Colored Absorbers.......................................................................................10
Solar Collectors having Booster Reflectors.......................................................................................10
Unglazed Solar Collectors.................................................................................................................11
Hydro photovoltaic............................................................................................................................11
Fresnel Lenses...................................................................................................................................11
Building Integration of Solar/Wind Systems.....................................................................................12
Smart air handling unit......................................................................................................................14
Case study of an existing data center........................................................................................................15
Functional architecture..........................................................................................................................16
Description of components in more details............................................................................................19
Power and RES Management GCG...................................................................................................19
Thermal Management GCG...............................................................................................................20
Supervision GCG...............................................................................................................................20
Integration Framework GCG.............................................................................................................21
Support Tool GCG.............................................................................................................................22
References.................................................................................................................................................24

List of Acronyms
RES-Renewable Energy Systems
SEAI-Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland
ICS-Integrated Collector Storage
PV- Photovoltaic
PV/T-Photovoltaic/Temperature
WT- Wind Turbines
WAHE- water-air heat exchanger
AAHE- air-air heat exchanger
CD-Direct Current

NEARLY ZERO ENERGY BUILDING STANDARD
Introduction
The use of energy and emission of carbon dioxide linked with the construction industry as well
as the built environment continues to be important and strategies of reducing their effect on both
the existing alongside new buildings will remain an integral component of the policies of the
Government on energy and climate change. The most current data on carbon dioxide emissions
approximated that to the tune of 12.6 million tonnes of carbon dioxide was produced by the
sector of buildings in Ireland in 2010 which was a representative of 28.8% of the non-ETS
emissions (Annunziata, Frey and Rizzi, 2013).
Combustion of fossil fuels for purposes of heating in residential buildings represented about 7.8
tonnes or about 18% of the total emissions by 2010 with another 2.4 million tonnes otherwise
5% being derived from combustion of fossil fuel for the purposes of heating in the non-
residential buildings including schools, businesses, and hospitals. The industrial activities that
are under the European Union ETS represented a further 2.4 million tonnes which were about
6% of the total non-ETS emissions for the year 2010.
Against such a background, there have been advancements in the energy efficiency within the
sector of buildings in tandem with enhanced adoption of renewable energy technologies making
up significant policy measures required for the facilitation of a reduction in the energy
dependency of fossil fuels of Ireland as well as the accompanying greenhouse emissions of the
timeframe to 2020 and later.

The European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive Recast 2010 (EPBD) requires every
new structure to be nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) by 31st December 2020 and all
structures obtained by open bodies by 31st December 2018.
This implies any structures finished after these dates ought to accomplish the standard
independent of when they were begun. This is very extraordinary to the transitional plans for past
structure guidelines update.
'Nearly Zero – Energy Buildings' methods a structure that has a high energy exhibition, Annex 1
of the Directive and in which "the about zero or low measure of vitality required ought to be
secured to a noteworthy degree by energy from sustainable sources, including energy from
inexhaustible sources delivered nearby or adjacent".
On 29th July 2016 the European commission distributed extra direction on the nZEB standard.
Explicitly for the Oceanic zone which applies to Ireland the direction proposes the
accompanying suggestion.
The housing design in Ireland falls in three main groups:
 Bungalow, vis-a-vis which account for 40% of the national stock
 Apartments or flats accounting for 20%; and
 Terraced or semi-detached that accounts for 40%
The estimated number of dwelling units in the country stands at 2,012,000 as of 2010 where
about 52% were constructed prior to the Building Regulations 1991 was first enacted on June 1,
1992. Within the cumulative figure, about 128014 houses were let by the local government by
the end of 2010 for use in the provision of social housing. There is not discrete and substantial
information on the stock of non-residential buildings and it is anticipated the Sustainable Energy

Authority of Ireland will conduct a brief study on the available data in the area (Allyse et al.,
2015).
Non-private structures: The re-examined guidelines expect structures to utilize something like
60% less vitality than permitted under current guidelines, in addition to a necessity for up to 20%
of this last interest to be met with renewables. On the off chance that a larger amount of
productivity is accomplished the renewables proportion might be decreased to 10% of definite
interest. Note: last interest does exclude inhabitant gear. This comes into power on the first
January 2019, with a transitional game plan that does not reach out past the first January 2020.
This implies the present guidelines – Technical Guidance Document L - protection of Fuel and
Energy (2008 ) must be utilized past first January 2019 if Substantial work had been finished by
first January 202o, one year in front of the 31st December 2021 due date for NZEB itself.
Renewable Energy Technologies in Commercial Buildings in the Rural Setting
There are in place four main ways through which the energy consumption in a commercial
building may be reduced that would in return lead to mitigation of the emissions of carbon
dioxide through the conservation of energy. The aspects include:
 Low embodied energy materials for the construction of buildings
 Comfort passive design of buildings as well as orientation tor harnessing solar energy
 Use of energy efficient appliances in the conservation of the operational energy of the
building
Technologies for building integrated renewable energy
Renewable energy is a derivative of natural processes that are ever being replenished. The
different forms of renewable energy are got directly from the sun or otherwise heating deep