Functions, Roles, and Responsibilities of Public Services in English Law and Legal Systems

This report discusses the functions, roles, and responsibilities of public services and related organizations in the criminal justice system, as well as ways to evaluate the effectiveness of the criminal justice process.

Running head: REPORT 0
english law and legal systems
APRIL 22, 2019
STUDENT DETAILS:

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Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................2
Functions, roles, and responsibilities of Public services............................................................2
Functions, roles, and responsibilities of related organisation involved in criminal justice
system.........................................................................................................................................4
Different ways to evaluate effectiveness of criminal justice process........................................4
How to measure effectiveness of criminal justice process through performance data..............5
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................6
References..................................................................................................................................7

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Introduction
Making able the people to perform and assist to have resolutions is a main challenge for
proper public services (Pakes, 2017). Public service is rendered by government to individuals
living within its dominion, either directly or through financing provisions related to service.
In the following report, functions, responsibilities, roles of public services and related
organisations included in criminal justice system is discussed and critically examined. This
report also states the various ways to measure effectiveness of criminal justice process and
evaluation of effectiveness of criminal justice process.
Functions, roles, and responsibilities of Public services
The provisions related to public services like cleanliness and criminal justice is major work
for the administration and government. The citizens are very careful in respect of the public
services. They are depended on the public services being delivered well. These public
services render very general line between state and persons. The functions of the public
services create and design the sense of faith of residents in the government and expectation of
administration. At the central level, the public services support the financial development and
human wellbeing. It is required that public services should be delivered with honest. The
public services is focused around the residents. For this reason, the roles and responsibilities
of public service include the requirements of the vulnerability, encouraging great
transparency, and ensuring the efficiency and adequacy of the basic services. The public
services make able the common people to evaluate the quality to raise their requirements and
preference. The public services also offer the innovative opportunities to make able good use
of the public fund and enhance the service delivery. Besides, the public eservices comprise

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huge part of the budget of government; however, enhanced spending has not co-ordinated by
the developments in results (Schmalleger, 2017).
There are various public services such as police, Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), Her
Majesty’s Prison Service (HMPS), National Probation Service (NPS), Her Majesty’s court,
and Tribunals Service (HMCTS) and other prosecuting agencies. These public services have
the important roles and responsibilities. Law application in UK is managed independently in
every legal system of UK. Most of the law implementation is carried by the police serving in
local police in one of the dominions. The main function of police is security of the life and
properties, protection of harmony, and avoidance and discovery of criminal offence (Vogler,
2017).
The Crown Prosecution Service is a key public prosecuting agency for making criminal
prosecution. The major duties of Crown Prosecution Service are to render legal advices to
the police and other inspective agencies at the time of criminal investigation, to take decision
whether the uncertainty is required to face criminal charge following the enquiry, and to
make prosecution in Crown Court as well as Magistrates' courts. The National Probation
Service for Wales and England is the legal criminal justice service, primarily liable for the
criminal’s administration in the communities and provisions of report to the criminal court to
help them in the duties related to sentencing.
Furthermore, Her Majesty's Courts Service brings the supervision and provision for
the Crown Court, High Court, Court of Appeal, county court, magistrates' courts, and the
services related to Service in England and Wales. In addition, Her Majesty's Prison and
Probation Service is the policymaking agency of the Ministry of Justice liable for
correctional service in Wales and England.

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Functions, roles, and responsibilities of related organisation involved in criminal justice
system
There are also certain organisations such as Community Rehabilitation Companies (CRC),
legal aid agency, and victim and witness support who have certain key roles, responsibilities,
and major functions to perform in the criminal justice system. The legal aid agency is also
helpful to make sure that provisions related to wellbeing are imposed by giving the people
entitled to the requirements of wellbeing, for an example, the social housing, with access
to legal advices and court (Haynes, 2015).
Further, the Community Rehabilitation Companies does functions with others such as police
officers, housing agency, National Probation Service, service related to sentence, local
authority, substance misuse charity to establish and render initiative that would decrease the
crimes and secure the citizens, and to deliver advanced strategies to administer. Furthermore,
there is an important role of crime victims and witness in criminal justice practise. The victim
and witness support limits the actions of the victims. The witnesses are very helpful to decide
what occurred by describing the magistrate or jury everything they see in respect of the
incident. The ordinary witness may be the police who conducted the detention or the
individual who was at scenes of crimes (Pahl, 2016).
Different ways to evaluate effectiveness of criminal justice process
There are various manners to assess the effectiveness of the criminal justice process. The
effectiveness and justice are main targets for the criminal justice’s administration in the
United Kingdom. The effectiveness means carefully implementing present resources to
complete legal targets as well as to enhance the public security. The efficiency is to carrying
the activities related to justice system with an appropriate consideration for equity,
proportionality, constitutional security afforded defendant and sentenced criminal, and public
security. Guaranteeing treatment and managing of like criminals and providing similar weight

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to lawfully related elements in sentencing represent the types of concerns generally expressed
about the just and equality of the criminal justice system (MacKenzie, 2017).
How to measure effectiveness of criminal justice process through performance data
Effective criminal justice systems is able of examining and arbitrating the criminal offence
efficiently and independently, when making sure that the right of mistrusts and criminals are
secured (Osborne, Radnor and Strokosch, 2016). The evaluation of these systems, though,
must consider into the account the entire system, involving police, lawyers, prosecutor, judge,
and prison officer. There are various measures of performance such as Key performance
indicators, effective trials, reoffending rates, public perception and confidence, crime rates,
detection rates, British Crime Survey (Sullivan and Skelcher, 2017). There is an insight
amongst criminal justice professionals that, normally speaking, the difficulty of the matters
before the court can be enhancing progressively. The whole extent of the criminal trial
procedure is sometimes utilised to evaluate the efficiency of the criminal justice process. The
Working Party considered three level of the matter, such as investigation, pre-trial, and trial,
and recognised at every level wherever people think there is the requirement for reforms
(Bovaird, et. al, 2016).
The British Crime Survey (BCS) renders the significant sources of data in respect of the
level of crime, attitude of public to the crime and other relevant problems. The British Crime
Survey assesses the amount of crime in Wales and England by enquiring individuals in
respect of crimes they have practiced or made experience in the previous years. The crime
rate and detection rate also measures the criminal justice process by discovering the crimes
and exploring the increment in crimes. The public perception and confidence is also an
effective tool to assess the criminal justice system. Moreover, the recidivism is stated by the
return to crimes, criminologist cannot have the proper and reasonable manner of assessing
whether the crimes have taken place. Formally recorded events of criminal justice like arrest

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conviction are defective measures for evaluating the criminal activities. The reason is that
various crimes are made without any discovery. The other manner of evaluating the criminal
activities is to interview studies members and ask them to remember the crime committed by
them (Nabatchi, Sancino and Sicilia, 2017).
Conclusion
As per the above analysis, it can be concluded that the public service is given by governments
to individuals living in the jurisdiction, either in a direct manner (by the public sectors) or by
the economic provisions of the services. There are significant roles and obligations of the
public services. The public services and other related organisations promote and keep the
high level of integrity, fairness, responsibility, and leadership across the
administrative sectors. In this way, these public services help the recruitment and selection
processes of government sector to comply with merit principles and follow to the ethics,
professional standards, and conducts. There are various criminal justice system tools to
evaluate the risks. These tools may be helpful in reducing the crimes too. The government is
experimenting with recreating the part of systems so that the residents may play the
significant role as the user communities of the public services. The technologies are also
helpful in enabling the various types of the participation and the involvement.

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References
Bovaird, T., Stoker, G., Jones, T., Loeffler, E. and Pinilla Roncancio, M. (2016) Activating
collective co-production of public services: influencing citizens to participate in complex
governance mechanisms in the UK. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82(1),
pp.47-68.
Haynes, P. (2015) Managing complexity in the public services. New York: Routledge.
MacKenzie, J.M. (2017) Propaganda and empire: the manipulation of British public
opinion, 1880–1960. New York: Routledge.
Nabatchi, T., Sancino, A. and Sicilia, M. (2017) Varieties of participation in public services:
The who, when, and what of coproduction. Public Administration Review, 77(5), pp.766-776.
Osborne, S.P., Radnor, Z. and Strokosch, K. (2016) Co-production and the co-creation of
value in public services: a suitable case for treatment?. Public Management Review, 18(5),
pp.639-653.
Pahl, J. (2016) Private violence and public policy: The needs of battered women and the
response of the public services. New York: Routledge.
Pakes, F. (2017) Comparative criminal justice. New York: Routledge.
Schmalleger, F. (2017) Criminal justice. London: Pearson.
Sullivan, H. and Skelcher, C. (2017) Working across boundaries: collaboration in public
services. New York: Routledge
Vogler, R. (2017) A world view of criminal justice. New York: Routledge.