Project Management Literature Review

This assignment tasks you with conducting a thorough review of existing literature on project management. It requires you to analyze and synthesize various scholarly articles and publications covering fundamental aspects like product lifecycle management, systems thinking, knowledge-based risk management, and the role of the project management office in innovation. You'll delve into specific topics such as decision making in multi-project environments, managing complex projects, and organizational dynamics within project portfolios.

Managing a Successful
Business Project

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
PART1.............................................................................................................................................3
PROJECT DEFINITION........................................................................................................3
PROBLEM STATEMENT....................................................................................................4
PROJECT STRATEGY.........................................................................................................4
PROJECT OBJECTIVES.......................................................................................................4
PROJECT SCOPE STATEMENT.........................................................................................5
SUCCESS CRITERIA...........................................................................................................6
PROJECT ASSUMPTIONS..................................................................................................6
PART 2............................................................................................................................................7
IMPLEMENTATIONS PLAN...............................................................................................7
WORK BREAK DOWN STRUCTURE................................................................................8
PROJECT SCHEDULES ....................................................................................................10
PART 3..........................................................................................................................................10
PROJECT PROCESSES......................................................................................................10
COMMUNICATION PLAN................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
When any project plan is made by the organization then they have to make decisions so
that objectives can be accomplished in an efficient manner. Top management is responsible to
make the plans and set the guidelines (Kerzner, 2013). The present report is based ASDA which
is going to make a plan on the basis of the CSR activities so that they will be able to attain their
sustainable objectives and their growth can be enhanced.
PART1
PROJECT DEFINITION
Project is an activity that has to be performed by the organisation so that they can achieve
their sustainable objectives. ASDA make a plan to perform the CSR activities at their workplace
in a specific time or within the specified cost. Through this plan, the retail industry will be able
to know that how they are going to meet the objectives through corporate social responsibility or
not. There are some aim and objectives of the practices that are performed by the organisation
and these are as follows:
Aim: To identify the extent to which CSR activities performance help business firm in
achieving sustainability in business.
Objectives: There are some objectives that are related to the CSR activities so that ASDA
will be able to accomplish their goals. These objectives are:
 To evaluate varied CSR activities that are performed by the firm to gain competitive
advantage.
 To evaluate extent to which CSR make business firm sustainable.
 To identify the relationship between the corporate social responsibility and the objectives
of ASDA.
 To determine the ways through which company will be able to enhance their growth in
the market.
 To identify the various challenges that are associated with the CSR activities and other
operations of ASDA.

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Tesco implement the plan so that they can resolve their issues that are faced by them at
their workplace. There are some of the issues such as due to CSR companies have to bear some
expenses that affect their profitability (Rosenau and Githens, 2011). Along with this, companies
have to follow CSR so that they can cope up with the policies that are made by the government.
The challenge that is faced by the retail industry is related to the society so that overall welfare
can be improved. So, Tesco have to implement a project of CSR so that they can find out the
solutions and their overall sustainable objectives can be accomplish.
PROJECT STRATEGY
ASDA can follow an effective strategy so that they will be able to implement the
corporate social responsibility in order to accomplish their sustainable objectives. For this, they
can set their plan by taking the effective decisions. For this, the manager of retail industry have
to analyse the need of the CSR for their business so that their overall performance can be
improved. After this, they have to design the strategy so that they can provide benefits to the
society. At last the plan can be implemented so that challenges can be overcome in an efficient
manner.
This Project strategy is beneficial for the organisation as through this they will be able
attain their goals. Through this, the firm will be able to identify their current performance so that
they will be able to improve their growth in an efficient manner.
PROJECT OBJECTIVES
There are some of the projects that are set by the organisation so that they can resolve
their issues and that will lead towards the success (Gasik, 2011). These objectives are as follows:
 To improve the performance of the organisation by following the corporate social
responsibilities at the workplace.
 To minimise the cost and maximise the profits.
 To utilize the resources in an efficient manner so that high revenues can be generated.
 To identify the spending level and prepare a budget in order to maintain the capital.
 To accomplish all tasks in a given time interval or in given deadline.
 To provide benefits to the society so that their welfare can be improved.
 To provide the proper guidelines to the staff members so that their understanding level
can be enhanced.

 To achieve the competitiveness in the market so that brand position can be improved in
an efficient manner.
 To increase the market share by 15% at the end of the year.
 To provide products to the customers via online stores and retail stores.
PROJECT SCOPE STATEMENT
ASDA can prepare project scope statement in which they explain that what kind of
factors are included in the CSR activities that help them in improving their performance in the
market.
Included scope: There are some of the factors that are considered by the organisation so
that they can improve their overall performance. Some scopes are as follows:
 Stakeholders: There are some stakeholders that are included by the ASDA in their
corporate social activities. Some of these are customers, suppliers, competitors,
government, employees (Kerzner, 2011). The overall goals of CSR are based on the
people who are associated with the organisations so that their overall satisfaction level
can be increased. Customers are the one who help the organisation in increasing their
profits so the firm have to offer services to their consumers so that their overall
performance can be improved.
 Ethical values: In order to ensure the smooth functioning at the workplace, management
have to follow values and beliefs so that they can lead the company in right direction. For
this, ASDA can follow normative theories so that they can make their customers happy.
Through this, company can also enhance their growth.
 Policies and laws: There are some laws and acts that are made by the government so that
an organisation will be able to perform well. Through these rules and regulations,
manager will be able to protect the rights of an individual. Further, by following the acts
ASDA can reduce the wastage of the food.
Excluded scope: There are some work that are not included into the project plan of the
corporate social responsibility (Cook, Woodall and Frerk, 2011). There are some stakeholders
such as investors and competitors which are not included into the process of the corporate social
responsibilities. Along with this, for this kind of project there is no need of the marketing
strategies and other promotional activities. For these kind of activities, an organisation will be
able to attract customers by using the word of mouth strategy. Further, there is no need of the

competitive strategies as through Corporate social responsibilities ASDA will be able to increase
the welfare of the society.
SUCCESS CRITERIA
The success of the organisation can be achieved in an efficient manner by following the
corporate social responsibilities at the workplace. The success can be measured on the basis of
some factors such as:
Public relationship: By following the activities of CSR, ASDA will be able to improve
their relations with the public. When these relations are get improved then firm can attract more
customers towards their services. So, by identifying the number of customers an enterprise will
be able to measure their success.
Stakeholders satisfaction: When stakeholders such as customers, employees, suppliers
are get satisfied with the services then through this, ASDA can be examine the success of their
activities. When these individuals are more satisfied then due to this their overall growth can be
improved and they will be able to improve their brand image at the workplace.
Social welfare: The main aim of corporate social responsibility is to increase the welfare
in the society (Stark, 2015). Through this, the overall growth of the country also get improved
and that will lead towards the success. Along with this, the overall growth can be improved at the
workplace.
PROJECT ASSUMPTIONS
When ASDA develop a project plan than in order to accomplish the objectives, manager
make some assumptions so that their overall performance can be improved. These Assumptions
are made on the basis of the expected results so that success can be achieved in the market. Some
of the assumptions that are made by ASDA are like to enrich the society so that overall living
standard of people can get increased. Some other assumptions that are made by the retail industry
are like to increase the market share by 155 at the end of the year and to attract more customers
so that future growth can be achieved. Along with this, to provide the employment to the people
who are not able to perform their work on their own so through this their living standard can be
improved. All resources will be utilized in an efficient manner so that the overall cost can be
reduced and profits can be maximised (Kapsali, 2011). The company will be able to get the
labour at the low cost so through this the firm will be able to reduce their overall expenses. In the
next meeting all stakeholders will be present so that an effective decisions can be made. These

all the are assumptions that are by the manager of ASDA so that their overall sustainable
objectives can be accomplished.
PART 2
IMPLEMENTATIONS PLAN
Project implementation plan can be defined as the process in which the project is
represented in a structured format that is being provided by the team of financial mechanism.
ASDA can implement its project by considering its objectives and strategies that it has made for
the project. By determining several ways by which company will have their growth and by
analysing the needs of the CSR to increase their overall performance, they can implement their
project in several steps :
 Project implementation plan includes a specific schedule for the implementation of
project, Company will need to take care of the CSR activities that is needed for output of
the project.
 Proper sequence of the activities will be carried out and the time in which these activities
will get done.
 A responsible person will be appointed to carry out these activities and to make use of the
resources effectively and efficiently and also for the budgeting of finance that will be
needed for project.
 Company will choose a specific method to implement a project according to the
guidelines.
 Implementation process will be carried and all the outlines and responsibilities will be
monitored.
 The involvement of the beneficiaries in the implementation will be drawn out according
to the project plan.
 Organisational structure and staffing will be managed properly to achieve brand position
and competitiveness in the market.
 Working of the project in the market will be analysed properly to know whether it is
working effectively or not and is satisfying the customers need or not.
 Various online and offline stores will be analysed to see if the they are getting the
products or not

 Sustainability of the project will be checked the effect of product on customers and
feedbacks will also be welcomed by the company.
WORK BREAK DOWN STRUCTURE
Work breakdown structure is used by the organisation so that overall tasks can be divide
into certain groups (Söderlund, 2011). Through this, all staff members will be able to understand
their work so that their overall performance can be improved in an efficient manner. Through
this, overall objectives can be accomplished.
Activity Planning Resources
required
Execution of the
project
Results
To conduct a
meeting with all
the managers of
the different
departments
The meeting will
be held before the
conducting
survey in the
market. In this,
the meeting is
conducting so that
objectives of the
survey can be
identified.
Mobile phone,
pen, papers and
so on.
The meeting will
be conducting
with the top level
management so
that an effective
decisions can be
made and date for
the survey can be
granted.
The survey is
conducted on the
workers of the
organisation so
that CSR
activities can be
performed in an
efficient manner.
The
documentation is
required before
the meeting.
Documentation is
necessary in order
to plan the things
for future. On the
basis of these, the
survey can be
conducted in an
efficient manner.
Computers,
internet, papers
and pen.
The
documentation
will be prepared
so that
questionnaires
can be prepared.
Through this
questionnaire, the
manager will be
identify the
reviews of all
Some of the
effective survey
questions should
be designed so
that manager will
be able to gather
the information
about the workers
so that CSR
activities can be
implemented in

employees. an efficient
manner.
To arrange a
meeting with the
staff members of
ASDA
In this questions
are asked to the
customers so that
actual reviews
can be gathered.
Telephone, pen,
papers and so on.
Some questions
are asked over the
phone so
employees feel
satisfied towards
the services.
Examine the
employees
reviews due to
those
dissatisfaction is
get increased in
the workers.
To conduct a
meeting with the
investors.
Some set of
strategies are
developed by the
manager and
prepare some of
the questions so
that investors
reviews can be
identified.
Pen, paper and
telephone
Here, in this
manager can ask
the questions to
the investors so
that their
satisfaction level
can be identified.
After identifying
the reviews of the
manager, the
effectiveness of
the CSR activities
can be achieved.
Survey will be
conducted
through the social
media.
Manager of
ASDA has to
make some
strategies so that
their reviews can
be identified in an
efficient manner.
Some of the
resources that are
required by the
manager are
telephone,
internet, pen and
paper.
In this, manager
asks the questions
to their
employees via
social media.
Through this,
they will be able
to identify the
reviews that
distract them
from their goals.
The information
can be gathered
about the current
implementation of
the strategies.

PROJECT SCHEDULES
Now, on the basis of the work division and other project development plan the schedule
is prepared by the manager so that overall activities (Alhawari and et. al., 2012). Through this
kind of plan, manager will be able to accomplish their tasks on time so that overall objectives can
be achieved.
Tasks/ Week 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Developing the aims and objectives
Understanding the problem statements
Project assumptions
Success criteria
Formulating strategies for the effective
research
Arrangements of the meetings with they top
management of ASDA
PART 3
PROJECT PROCESSES
Project process is the combination of the different process so that goals can be achieved
in an efficient manner. Through the step by step process, an individual will be able to achieve
success in the market and along with this an effectiveness can be achieved. Through this process,
manager of ASDA can implement CSR activities so that their overall performance can be
improved (Cook and et.al., 2011). For every project, an effective closing is must then only the
firm will be able to enhance their growth in the market. There are some steps are involved in the
process such as initiation, launching, performing and closing. Through this, companies will be
able to attain their goals and their overall performance can be improved.
COMMUNICATION PLAN
It is very important to communicate a project plan to stakeholders for the effective
implementation of project. A communication plan will direct the message to stakeholders that are
a part of project or will get affected by project (Caniëls and Bakens, 2012). They are a critical

part of any project. A high level of communication should be there for the essential requirement
of any project. For communicating about a project to the team member , to conduct a formal
meeting is necessary. Use of emails are also there to have communication with each other.
Emails, social media apps and instant messaging is also used to communicate with employees
and boss. A specific communication plan can be used as :
Type of
communica
tion
Communic
ation
objective
Way of
communica
tion
Frequency Audience Owner Deliverable
Kickoff
meeting
To
introduce
project to
the project
team and for
the review
of
approaches
of
management
and project
objectives in
an
organisation
Direct face
on face
communicat
ion
Once . sponsor of
project
. Team of
project
.Stakeholder
Project
manager
Aim and
meeting
minutes
Meetings of
project team
To review
project
status with
the team,
and to see
its
developmen
t according
Direct face
on face or
through
conference
calling
As required Team of
project
Manager of
project
Aim and
minutes of
meeting

to the
project
objectives
Monthly
meeting of
project
status
To report
the status of
the
particular
project to
the
management
or
administrati
on of the
organisation
Direct face
on face
presentation
and
conference
call
Monthly Project
management
office
Manager of
the project
-
Status of the
project
report
To report
the status of
the
particular
project that
is being
carried in an
organisation
in inclusion
of its cost,
activities,
issues and
progress
Direct face
to face
communicat
ion or
presentation
or Email
Weekly To the
sponsor of
the project,
team of the
project,
customers
and
stakeholders
Manager of
the project
Status of the
project
report
This type of communication plan can be used in ASDA to communicate status of the
project to various members, whether it is a team, sponsor, customer or stakeholder. To have a
proper communication plan is important in an organisation for the effective implementation of

the project and for the management of the project in effective and efficient manner (Artto and et.
al., 2011). It will also be helpful in reviewing the project and if there is any discrepancies or
problems than it can be solved at starting level.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report it can be concluded that for every project management
plan it is necessary to make the effective objectives so that plan can be implemented in an
efficient manner. Along with this, problems statements and project assumptions are necessary to
make an effective plan as through this they will be able to achieve effectiveness. Success can
also be measured on the basis of the satisfaction of stakeholders and other factors. The manager
of an enterprise can use work division strategy in order to maintain the performance level.
Further, a project schedule can be prepared on the basis of the number of weeks. Communication
plan can also be made by ASDA so that they can communicate with their staff members and
customers in an efficient manner.

REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Kerzner, H., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and
controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Rosenau, M.D. and Githens, G.D., 2011. Successful project management: a step-by-step
approach with practical examples. John Wiley & Sons.
Gasik, S., 2011. A model of project knowledge management. Project Management Journal.
42(3). pp.23-44.
Kerzner, H., 2011. Using the project management maturity model: strategic planning for project
management. John Wiley & Sons.
Cook, T.M., Woodall, N. and Frerk, C., 2011. Major complications of airway management in the
UK: results of the Fourth National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists
and the Difficult Airway Society. Part 1: anaesthesia. British journal of anaesthesia.
106(5). pp.617-631.
Stark, J., 2015. Product lifecycle management. In Product Lifecycle Management (pp. 1-29).
Springer International Publishing.
Kapsali, M., 2011. Systems thinking in innovation project management: A match that works.
International Journal of Project Management. 29(4). pp.396-407.
Söderlund, J., 2011. Pluralism in project management: navigating the crossroads of
specialization and fragmentation. International Journal of Management Reviews. 13(2).
pp.153-176.
Alhawari, S. and et. al., 2012. Knowledge-based risk management framework for information
technology project. International Journal of Information Management. 32(1). pp.50-65.
Cook, T.M. and et.al., 2011. Major complications of airway management in the UK: results of
the Fourth National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and the
Difficult Airway Society. Part 2: intensive care and emergency departments. British
journal of anaesthesia. 106(5). pp.632-642.
Caniëls, M.C. and Bakens, R.J., 2012. The effects of Project Management Information Systems
on decision making in a multi project environment. International Journal of Project
Management. 30(2). pp.162-175.
Artto, K. and et. al., 2011. The integrative role of the project management office in the front end
of innovation. International Journal of Project Management. 29(4). pp.408-421.
Pak, A. and Majd, F., 2011. Integrated coastal management plan in free trade zones, a case study.
Ocean & coastal management. 54(2). pp.129-136.
Ahern, T., Leavy, B. and Byrne, P.J., 2014. Complex project management as complex problem
solving: A distributed knowledge management perspective. International Journal of
Project Management. 32(8). pp.1371-1381.
Hall, N.G., 2012. Project management: Recent developments and research opportunities. Journal
of Systems Science and Systems Engineering. pp.1-15.
Petit, Y., 2012. Project portfolios in dynamic environments: Organizing for uncertainty.
International Journal of Project Management. 30(5). pp.539-553.
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