The Role of Infrastructure in the Development of Autonomous Vehicles

This report examines the critical role of infrastructure in the integration and successful operation of autonomous vehicles. It emphasizes the necessity of road infrastructure modifications to facilitate seamless communication between autonomous vehicles and road networks. The report highlights the need for systems that enable vehicles to interpret complex situations, such as lane differentiation for high and low-speed vehicles, and to identify and respond to incidents effectively. Furthermore, it addresses the importance of emergency vehicle communication, terrain detection, and road layout adjustments to enhance overall safety and efficiency. The analysis underscores the need for two-way communication channels, clear road markings, and special features to optimize autonomous vehicle performance and ensure a smooth traffic flow, ultimately promoting safety and minimizing accidents. The report references several studies and reports to support the presented arguments and recommendations for infrastructure upgrades.

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Infrastructure
In transport, sector different aspects play important roles to enhance fluent flow of
elements on the sector. With the autonomous vehicles on the verge of implementation different
aspects, need consideration to ensure full benefits are achieved (Wang et al., 2013). The road
infrastructure need to have key modifications to ensure that there is proper communication
between the autonomous vehicles and the available road network amenities. The networks
available are meant to accommodate the manual and driven vehicles. This is likely to change
with the introduction of the autonomous vehicles since they will have to create a clear
communication with the infrastructure in order to ensure free flowing of the traffic.
Interpretation of complex situations is key for the autonomous vehicles and the system.
For instance, some lanes in the road network will be able to accommodate high-speed vehicles
will others have low speed vehicles. The communication between the vehicles with the road
networks will ensue that the autonomous vehicles are able to pick the correct lane (Siergiejczyk,
2015). Different incidents will be able to happen and the communication between the road
infrastructure and the autonomous vehicles will be key for them to identify free flowing lanes.
The autonomous vehicles need to maintain perfect communication to the infrastructure and
ensure that the flow is maintained well. Different situations are likely to happen and the
autonomous vehicles have to understand the changes so that they come up with perfect solution
to address them. Autonomous vehicles need to be able to make the best conclusion on different
situations on the road infrastructure and make viable conclusion, which will not contradict other
vehicles on the system. The analysis of the different situations needs to be done well and ensure
that the flow of traffic is maintained in an orderly manner.

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Additionally, different needs will need to be addressed and this will be able to dictate the
key vehicles infrastructure communication and coordination. For instance, emergence vehicle
will need to identify fast moving lanes such that they can use them to address the emergencies
(Lytrivis, 2015). High-speed lanes will there need some clear identification which the
autonomous vehicle will be able to detect automatically for them to use. The autonomous
vehicles need to understand the conflicts which are created in the infrastructure and be able to
come up with perfect solution to resolve them. Understanding what is happening to the
infrastructure will enhance their operations and therefore changes on infrastructure are needed.
The vehicles need to have special features, which will enhance the communication of the
emergencies and ensure they are given way by the other autonomous vehicles. The autonomous
emergency vehicles will therefore need to be able to understand the infrastructure and be able to
direct themselves approximately (Seo et al., 2016). Upgrades to ensure proper communication is
needed to ensure that every layout is well monitored and any challenges solved. The autonomous
vehicles need to understand the road infrastructure layout and therefore ensure safe travel of the
cars.
The general infrastructure is able to play a key role on the safety of the transport system.
The autonomous vehicles interaction and understanding of the system and infrastructure will
ensure that they reach their destination safely (Sukuvaara & Nurmi, 2009). Having barriers on
the way is normal and therefore the vehicles need to have the systems, which will understand the
barriers and have the correct solution to them. For instance, a pothole may found its way on the
lane. The vehicles need to be able to detect the pothole and be able to evade it. This will ensure
that accidents are avoided through the interaction of the vehicle and the infrastructure. The
completely autonomous vehicles need to have the different option s and solutions to the available

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challenges on the road infrastructure (Tokody & Schuster, 2015). This will elevate the safety
measures of the users and ensure that autonomous vehicles are promoted. Special detectors need
to be placed on such position where they will indicate the change in terrain and the level of
change. This is a key element, which has to ensure the autonomous vehicles have proper and
smooth flow on the infrastructure network.
Moreover, the autonomous vehicles need some special factors, which will help them
determine the terrain of the infrastructure, and it is align. This is clearly taken care of in the
autonomous vehicles and it need to be done as well on the infrastructure. To clearly define
proper flow, the road network needs to have the special features in cooperated to ensure that two
way communication flow is maintained (Pozna, & Antonya, 2016). The road infrastructure
therefore needs special features which will enhance the operations of the autonomous vehicles.
Proper communication is enhance when two-way communication channels are kept. The
infrastructure available to designed to suite the traditional vehicles and therefore some key
changes will need to be in cooperated. For instance, signals at the corners will help the vehicles
to detect the change if direction and therefore make the decision on the change. The cars will be
able to get any information of the infrastructure and therefore process it properly and make the
best decision to prevent accidents.
Additionally, clear lines need to be maintained on the road networks to ensure that the
autonomous vehicles are able to follow freely. This will ensure that collisions are minimized as
the vehicles move from line to another. The clear marking will ensure that the respectively
vehicles are able to maintain their lines and prevent any collusions. Keeping on lines is key for
the transport sector to ensure accidents are avoided (Urmson and Whittaker, 2008). This will
increase the safety measures on the transport sector. It is reported that unclear movement of the

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drivers out of their lines is able to contribute about 10% of the accidents on the roads. Upgrades
on the road infrastructure will be a key element which with be done to ensure safe travelling of
the autonomous vehicles. The major benefits of the transport sector and the use of the
autonomous vehicles will be achieved if the necessary upgrades are done to ensure that the travel
is safe and fast. The upgrade will enhance the movement of the autonomous vehicles and make
sure they reach their destination safely.

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References
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plenary meeting, 21 October 2015, Brussels. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Lytrivis
POZNA, C. & ANTONYA, C. (2016). Issues about autonomous cars. In: 2016 IEEE 11th
international symposium on applied computational intelligence and informatics (SACI),
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SEO, H. KI-DONG L., SHINPEI Y., PENG, Y. & SARTORI, P. (2016). LTE evolution for
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SIERGIEJCZYK, M. (2015). Communication architecture in the chosen telematics transport
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SUKUVAARA, T. & NURMI, P. (2009). Wireless traffic service platform for combined
vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. IEEE Wireless Commun
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TOKODY, D. & SCHUSTER, G. Y (2015). I2—Intelligent Infrastructure. In: Schmidt P et al
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URMSON, C. AND WHITTAKER, W. (2008). Self-driving cars and the urban challenge. IEEE
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