Corporate Social Responsibility Analysis
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This assignment requires a thorough analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) within the context of contemporary businesses. Students are expected to examine the various facets of CSR, including its definition, theoretical frameworks, and practical applications. The analysis should delve into the positive impacts of CSR on businesses, stakeholders, and society, as well as potential challenges and criticisms associated with it. The assignment emphasizes a critical evaluation of CSR's role in shaping responsible and sustainable business practices.
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RUNNING HEAD: CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
MANAGEMENT
COMMUNICATION
CSR POLICIES AND RESPONSIBILTIES
MICROSOFT
REDMOND, WASHINGTON
MANAGEMENT
COMMUNICATION
CSR POLICIES AND RESPONSIBILTIES
MICROSOFT
REDMOND, WASHINGTON
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CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
1
Table of Contents
Table of Contents........................................................................................................................................1
1. Abstract...............................................................................................................................................2
2. Introduction.............................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Purpose of the company using CSR:..................................................................................................2
2.2 Brief:.................................................................................................................................................2
2.3 Designing: (Blueprint).......................................................................................................................3
2.4 Procedure of CSR (Methodology.......................................................................................................3
3. Company Values:....................................................................................................................................4
3.1 Diversity and Inclusion......................................................................................................................4
4. Example of Corporate Social Responsibility activity of Microsoft:.........................................................4
4.1. Empower:.........................................................................................................................................4
4.2 Imagine..............................................................................................................................................4
4.3 Tragedy and humanitarian response..................................................................................................4
4.4 Realize...............................................................................................................................................4
6. Mission statement:...................................................................................................................................4
6. Annual Report of 2016 using CSR..........................................................................................................5
7. Corporate social responsibility policies and Practices of Microsoft Company........................................5
Policy, Responsibilities and practices of the company.............................................................................5
Economic responsibility...........................................................................................................................6
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................7
References...................................................................................................................................................7
1
1
Table of Contents
Table of Contents........................................................................................................................................1
1. Abstract...............................................................................................................................................2
2. Introduction.............................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Purpose of the company using CSR:..................................................................................................2
2.2 Brief:.................................................................................................................................................2
2.3 Designing: (Blueprint).......................................................................................................................3
2.4 Procedure of CSR (Methodology.......................................................................................................3
3. Company Values:....................................................................................................................................4
3.1 Diversity and Inclusion......................................................................................................................4
4. Example of Corporate Social Responsibility activity of Microsoft:.........................................................4
4.1. Empower:.........................................................................................................................................4
4.2 Imagine..............................................................................................................................................4
4.3 Tragedy and humanitarian response..................................................................................................4
4.4 Realize...............................................................................................................................................4
6. Mission statement:...................................................................................................................................4
6. Annual Report of 2016 using CSR..........................................................................................................5
7. Corporate social responsibility policies and Practices of Microsoft Company........................................5
Policy, Responsibilities and practices of the company.............................................................................5
Economic responsibility...........................................................................................................................6
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................7
References...................................................................................................................................................7
1
CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
2
1. Abstract
Microsoft Company is a software based company. This report is going to discuss about the
corporate social responsibility of Microsoft Company. CSR report of the Microsoft states that,
policies and business practices of the company make the planet better. The commitment of the
company is central to why employees come to work daily basis, and it affect the product type
and services the company develop. Microsoft is known as the world’s largest software maker
company measured by the revenues.
2. Introduction:
Microsoft is a multinational company in America. The company headquarters are located in
Redmond, Washington. Microsoft Corporation develop, manufacture, provide licenses, supports
and sells computer software parts, and also provide to their consumers electronic services and
personal computer services. The founder of the company is Bill Gates and Paul Allen. Microsoft
Company has been founded in 4th April 1975. The company is best known for the software
products, windows operating system, MS office suit, and Web Browser, Internet Explorer
(Pedersen, 2015). It is been use for empowering the people and investing in the technology for
meeting the responsibility for the company’s progress that would help in promoting the digital
technology. Company also focused on the social and environmental issues, important role of the
partners, and work with non-profit organizations (Parra, et al., 2016).
2
2
1. Abstract
Microsoft Company is a software based company. This report is going to discuss about the
corporate social responsibility of Microsoft Company. CSR report of the Microsoft states that,
policies and business practices of the company make the planet better. The commitment of the
company is central to why employees come to work daily basis, and it affect the product type
and services the company develop. Microsoft is known as the world’s largest software maker
company measured by the revenues.
2. Introduction:
Microsoft is a multinational company in America. The company headquarters are located in
Redmond, Washington. Microsoft Corporation develop, manufacture, provide licenses, supports
and sells computer software parts, and also provide to their consumers electronic services and
personal computer services. The founder of the company is Bill Gates and Paul Allen. Microsoft
Company has been founded in 4th April 1975. The company is best known for the software
products, windows operating system, MS office suit, and Web Browser, Internet Explorer
(Pedersen, 2015). It is been use for empowering the people and investing in the technology for
meeting the responsibility for the company’s progress that would help in promoting the digital
technology. Company also focused on the social and environmental issues, important role of the
partners, and work with non-profit organizations (Parra, et al., 2016).
2
CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
3
2.1 Purpose of the company using CSR:
Microsoft Company has the clear vision for aiming and achieving all the business goals in the
near future. Satya Nadella, CEO of the company has stated, in an internally sent email that “To
empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more.” Nadella wrote in
the email that “The mission is ambitious and at the core of what our customers deeply acre
about.” The Corporation Executive officer of Microsoft company plan to provide incentive
compensation to executive officers of the corporation.
2.2 Brief:
A good organization citizenship starts at home. To meet the goals and responsibility as a global
corporation, they are continuously making effort to create a polite and satisfying environment for
the approximately 100,000 employee. To reduce the environmental effect, they also tend to find
the new ideas and innovation for implementing it so that to have the continuous business process
in the company. In the past years, the company introduced various new technologies like the
internal carbon fee that mainly helped to achieve the FY13 target of carbon neutrality (PRIDE,
2015). It is essential to advertise a planned and the supportable approach to the CSR in the
company to help the individual in the organization. The CSR vision of the company is to utilize
the company technology and investment to help individuals, communities and organization, and
age groups to realize their talent (Zhu, et al., 2014).
2.3 Designing: (Blueprint)
3
3
2.1 Purpose of the company using CSR:
Microsoft Company has the clear vision for aiming and achieving all the business goals in the
near future. Satya Nadella, CEO of the company has stated, in an internally sent email that “To
empower every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more.” Nadella wrote in
the email that “The mission is ambitious and at the core of what our customers deeply acre
about.” The Corporation Executive officer of Microsoft company plan to provide incentive
compensation to executive officers of the corporation.
2.2 Brief:
A good organization citizenship starts at home. To meet the goals and responsibility as a global
corporation, they are continuously making effort to create a polite and satisfying environment for
the approximately 100,000 employee. To reduce the environmental effect, they also tend to find
the new ideas and innovation for implementing it so that to have the continuous business process
in the company. In the past years, the company introduced various new technologies like the
internal carbon fee that mainly helped to achieve the FY13 target of carbon neutrality (PRIDE,
2015). It is essential to advertise a planned and the supportable approach to the CSR in the
company to help the individual in the organization. The CSR vision of the company is to utilize
the company technology and investment to help individuals, communities and organization, and
age groups to realize their talent (Zhu, et al., 2014).
2.3 Designing: (Blueprint)
3
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CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
4
Figure 1 Blueprint of CSR (Source of: Author)
2.4 Procedure of CSR (Methodology)
The principles are been followed for the long term to have the continuous process in the
organization and running to the commitment to have the appropriate corporate social
responsibility. The CSR is been woven in the way to long run the business. The essential
4
Daily Operations
Environmental sustainability
Workplace Issues
Cynicism Corporate Governance
Transparency
Social Audits
SRI
Ethics
Community engagement
Community Relations
Diversity Strategic Philanthropy
Corporate Activism
Legislation &
Litigation Stakeholder Relation Moral
Righteousness
Cultural Conflict Crisis Management
ProfitsPatriotism
4
Figure 1 Blueprint of CSR (Source of: Author)
2.4 Procedure of CSR (Methodology)
The principles are been followed for the long term to have the continuous process in the
organization and running to the commitment to have the appropriate corporate social
responsibility. The CSR is been woven in the way to long run the business. The essential
4
Daily Operations
Environmental sustainability
Workplace Issues
Cynicism Corporate Governance
Transparency
Social Audits
SRI
Ethics
Community engagement
Community Relations
Diversity Strategic Philanthropy
Corporate Activism
Legislation &
Litigation Stakeholder Relation Moral
Righteousness
Cultural Conflict Crisis Management
ProfitsPatriotism
CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
5
responsibilities which need to be followed in the organization for valuing the principles and the
procedures to be followed in terms of the accountability, honesty and integrity in an
organization. Transparency should be maintained in the company by the management team for
the business policies and to the practices. Standards should be maintained in the company
regarding to the health, safety and environment. The Ethical business values is been ensured
while performing all the business operations (Suliman, et al., 2016).
3. Company Values:
The company values are:
Integrity and Honesty among the employees, Open and respectful environment in the company,
Accountable, Accept Big Challenges, Passionate towards work, struggle for excellence. These
are the main values of the Microsoft Company. Apart from these some values as such:
3.1 Diversity and Inclusion- the company have been diversified and has the inclusion efforts for
which the company has worked on the fixed objective which will lead to achieve the finite goal.
It basically requires the constant self-assessment and to the recommitment. It mainly aims to
have the ideas and to prepare the appropriate solutions so as to meet the needs of the customers
globally. The main strategy is to empower the people and transforming the culture (Tai, and
Chuang, 2014).
5
5
responsibilities which need to be followed in the organization for valuing the principles and the
procedures to be followed in terms of the accountability, honesty and integrity in an
organization. Transparency should be maintained in the company by the management team for
the business policies and to the practices. Standards should be maintained in the company
regarding to the health, safety and environment. The Ethical business values is been ensured
while performing all the business operations (Suliman, et al., 2016).
3. Company Values:
The company values are:
Integrity and Honesty among the employees, Open and respectful environment in the company,
Accountable, Accept Big Challenges, Passionate towards work, struggle for excellence. These
are the main values of the Microsoft Company. Apart from these some values as such:
3.1 Diversity and Inclusion- the company have been diversified and has the inclusion efforts for
which the company has worked on the fixed objective which will lead to achieve the finite goal.
It basically requires the constant self-assessment and to the recommitment. It mainly aims to
have the ideas and to prepare the appropriate solutions so as to meet the needs of the customers
globally. The main strategy is to empower the people and transforming the culture (Tai, and
Chuang, 2014).
5
CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
6
4. Example of Corporate Social Responsibility activity of Microsoft:
4.1. Empower: the meaning of empower in terms of CSR is transforming the educational and
enhance digital inclusion. For example: provide free software to the students in the schools and
colleges, partners in learning path (Project Sikhsa in India), Youth Spark, Project Saksham.
4.2 Imagine: supporting the future innovators, DIGIGIRLZ India,
4.3 Tragedy and humanitarian response.
4.4 Realize: Bizpark, MIC (Microsoft innovation center)
Some recent CSR activities as such Human rights, Carbon Neutrality, Empowering Non-Profits,
Supply Chain (Wagner, et al., 2013).
6. Mission statement:
It mainly aims to work and to imply the power of technology that is used for ensuring to the
corporate responsibility and safeguarding to the human rights and protecting the resources of the
organization. It mainly focuses to meet all the business policies and the practices that would
reflect the commitments made by the organization. It makes the concern on the current policies
and making the advancements in the critical areas.
According to the CEO of the company he stated that “The mission is ambitious and at the core of
what our customers deeply acre about.” And “To empower every person and every organization
on the planet to achieve more.” These two statements show the mission of the company
(Pedersen, E.R.G. ed., 2015).
6
6
4. Example of Corporate Social Responsibility activity of Microsoft:
4.1. Empower: the meaning of empower in terms of CSR is transforming the educational and
enhance digital inclusion. For example: provide free software to the students in the schools and
colleges, partners in learning path (Project Sikhsa in India), Youth Spark, Project Saksham.
4.2 Imagine: supporting the future innovators, DIGIGIRLZ India,
4.3 Tragedy and humanitarian response.
4.4 Realize: Bizpark, MIC (Microsoft innovation center)
Some recent CSR activities as such Human rights, Carbon Neutrality, Empowering Non-Profits,
Supply Chain (Wagner, et al., 2013).
6. Mission statement:
It mainly aims to work and to imply the power of technology that is used for ensuring to the
corporate responsibility and safeguarding to the human rights and protecting the resources of the
organization. It mainly focuses to meet all the business policies and the practices that would
reflect the commitments made by the organization. It makes the concern on the current policies
and making the advancements in the critical areas.
According to the CEO of the company he stated that “The mission is ambitious and at the core of
what our customers deeply acre about.” And “To empower every person and every organization
on the planet to achieve more.” These two statements show the mission of the company
(Pedersen, E.R.G. ed., 2015).
6
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CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
7
6. Annual Report of 2016 using CSR:
In the year of 2016 Microsoft expanding the company commitment to sustainability by founding
the new targets, as such data center of the company rely on a higher ratio of wind. Solar and
hydro power current over time. Arranging inclusive structure and more availability in the
development of the company products and the services to empower every employee. Enhancing
the security level and privacy terms and policies to protect and secure the personal data of the
customers. Company is focusing more in the employee’s rights, labor health and security and
business morals practices recommended in the organization supplier code of conduct (Servaes,
and Tamayo, 2013).
7. Corporate social responsibility policies and Practices of Microsoft Company:
There are four type corporate social responsibilities which is:
Economic responsibility
Legal responsibility
Ethical responsibility
Philanthropic responsibility
Policy, Responsibilities and practices of the company:
The policy act such as the Companies Act, 2013 (“Act”) and also the Companies (Corporate
Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014 (“Rules”) ensures that the organization involve in to
activities where it leads to the development of environment by social means. From the bunch of
activities in the organization, it should laid their emphasis on any NGO, schools or any group
where they can teach people about the different environmental saving ways, educate
7
7
6. Annual Report of 2016 using CSR:
In the year of 2016 Microsoft expanding the company commitment to sustainability by founding
the new targets, as such data center of the company rely on a higher ratio of wind. Solar and
hydro power current over time. Arranging inclusive structure and more availability in the
development of the company products and the services to empower every employee. Enhancing
the security level and privacy terms and policies to protect and secure the personal data of the
customers. Company is focusing more in the employee’s rights, labor health and security and
business morals practices recommended in the organization supplier code of conduct (Servaes,
and Tamayo, 2013).
7. Corporate social responsibility policies and Practices of Microsoft Company:
There are four type corporate social responsibilities which is:
Economic responsibility
Legal responsibility
Ethical responsibility
Philanthropic responsibility
Policy, Responsibilities and practices of the company:
The policy act such as the Companies Act, 2013 (“Act”) and also the Companies (Corporate
Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014 (“Rules”) ensures that the organization involve in to
activities where it leads to the development of environment by social means. From the bunch of
activities in the organization, it should laid their emphasis on any NGO, schools or any group
where they can teach people about the different environmental saving ways, educate
7
CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
8
unprivileged children and youth, also guiding them with some beneficiary knowledge which
helps them to nurture themselves as well to save the natural resources.
According to CSR act, an organization is supposed to invest in to the campaigns or organize a
campaign to encourage the people about the safe environment acts so that it leads to a healthy
environmental impact. Also, they can invest their resources for those people who are in need to
nurture their growth such as unprivileged children and youth. The natural resources which
include flora and fauna are also be taken care of under this act by the organization (Ioannou, and
Serafeim, 2015).
Economic responsibility:
The Microsoft identifies the pertinent programs and also runs its programs according to the set of
policies by CSR committee. Therefore, the CSR committee is responsible for the check of the
task performed and also keeps the records of the campaigns or programs run by the organization.
It makes sure that no set of policy is being broke up by the company and program goes well
according to the act. It is responsibility of the owner to update the committee about the process
of programs and at the end of financial year; the committee submits the complete program report
to the Board (Fabrizi, et al., 2014). An organization must primarily concern about the profitable
margin as the law never wants to get the rights of employees working in the organization to get
disobeyed. The organization has to keep this mind that their profit margin should meet the fair
wage of their employees working with them. Before a company wants to be a good cooperate
citizen, it has to keep the profits in mind just for the sake of its employees so that they get their
deserving wages.
8
8
unprivileged children and youth, also guiding them with some beneficiary knowledge which
helps them to nurture themselves as well to save the natural resources.
According to CSR act, an organization is supposed to invest in to the campaigns or organize a
campaign to encourage the people about the safe environment acts so that it leads to a healthy
environmental impact. Also, they can invest their resources for those people who are in need to
nurture their growth such as unprivileged children and youth. The natural resources which
include flora and fauna are also be taken care of under this act by the organization (Ioannou, and
Serafeim, 2015).
Economic responsibility:
The Microsoft identifies the pertinent programs and also runs its programs according to the set of
policies by CSR committee. Therefore, the CSR committee is responsible for the check of the
task performed and also keeps the records of the campaigns or programs run by the organization.
It makes sure that no set of policy is being broke up by the company and program goes well
according to the act. It is responsibility of the owner to update the committee about the process
of programs and at the end of financial year; the committee submits the complete program report
to the Board (Fabrizi, et al., 2014). An organization must primarily concern about the profitable
margin as the law never wants to get the rights of employees working in the organization to get
disobeyed. The organization has to keep this mind that their profit margin should meet the fair
wage of their employees working with them. Before a company wants to be a good cooperate
citizen, it has to keep the profits in mind just for the sake of its employees so that they get their
deserving wages.
8
CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
9
The organization can merge up its program with other entities in order to form the group to start
a big campaign but it has to be in the note of CSR committee that which organization has merged
up and each organization has to submit separate report to the CSR. The CSR has to make a note
that group of organization is participating and following all the rule and regulations of CSR
policy. Not only at this level, an organization must follow the every legal act made for the
companies and strictly abide by it. The organization has to keep this thing in mind that the
resources they are spending is for noble cause. For example, saving natural resources, helping
under privileged children and youth, educating and awareness to the people to save environment.
The company also pays equal respect to its employees working in the organization as they are
treated equally and being played what they deserve. The rights of employees must not be
exploited. The ethical responsibilities are the beliefs and perception created by the owner of the
organization to make a better work place for the people working in the organization. These are
the responsibilities which come after basic requirements. After completing the basic requirement
of the employee and gaining sufficient profit margin for the company should help those who are
in need of ti as it helps the people to nurture their lifestyle and fulfilling their needs. The
philanthropic responsibilities contains donation of valuable products, Money, funding a program
for safety of environment, helping NGO in the environmental aid projects, etc. The organization
has keep records of every program which they are organizing for the welfare of society and
environment and submit report to CSR committee periodically. CSR therefore submits these
reports annually to the Board. They have to make sure that no organization has disobeyed the
rules and policies made by the CSR. The company not only should follow these rules but also
make sure that other acts such as environmental act, employee rights related act, even criminal
9
9
The organization can merge up its program with other entities in order to form the group to start
a big campaign but it has to be in the note of CSR committee that which organization has merged
up and each organization has to submit separate report to the CSR. The CSR has to make a note
that group of organization is participating and following all the rule and regulations of CSR
policy. Not only at this level, an organization must follow the every legal act made for the
companies and strictly abide by it. The organization has to keep this thing in mind that the
resources they are spending is for noble cause. For example, saving natural resources, helping
under privileged children and youth, educating and awareness to the people to save environment.
The company also pays equal respect to its employees working in the organization as they are
treated equally and being played what they deserve. The rights of employees must not be
exploited. The ethical responsibilities are the beliefs and perception created by the owner of the
organization to make a better work place for the people working in the organization. These are
the responsibilities which come after basic requirements. After completing the basic requirement
of the employee and gaining sufficient profit margin for the company should help those who are
in need of ti as it helps the people to nurture their lifestyle and fulfilling their needs. The
philanthropic responsibilities contains donation of valuable products, Money, funding a program
for safety of environment, helping NGO in the environmental aid projects, etc. The organization
has keep records of every program which they are organizing for the welfare of society and
environment and submit report to CSR committee periodically. CSR therefore submits these
reports annually to the Board. They have to make sure that no organization has disobeyed the
rules and policies made by the CSR. The company not only should follow these rules but also
make sure that other acts such as environmental act, employee rights related act, even criminal
9
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CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
10
law should be followed according to the government policies. This is very important fir an
organization to behave and maintains its reputation in the market to grow and raise its graphs.
The spending of money from organization should firstly be on the organization itself and its
employee, after getting a profitable work, the owner should use it for noble cause as doing good
to other and helping other is equally important.
Conclusion:
The conclusion of this report is how to deal with the corporate social responsibilities that mainly
helps Microsoft Company to meet the aims and responsibility as a global organization. The CSR
report of the company tells about, policies and business practices of the company to make the
planet better. There are many activities held by the company so as to provide free software to the
students in the schools, partners in learning path (Project Sikhsa in India), Youth Spark, Project
Saksham etc.
10
10
law should be followed according to the government policies. This is very important fir an
organization to behave and maintains its reputation in the market to grow and raise its graphs.
The spending of money from organization should firstly be on the organization itself and its
employee, after getting a profitable work, the owner should use it for noble cause as doing good
to other and helping other is equally important.
Conclusion:
The conclusion of this report is how to deal with the corporate social responsibilities that mainly
helps Microsoft Company to meet the aims and responsibility as a global organization. The CSR
report of the company tells about, policies and business practices of the company to make the
planet better. There are many activities held by the company so as to provide free software to the
students in the schools, partners in learning path (Project Sikhsa in India), Youth Spark, Project
Saksham etc.
10
CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
11
References:
Babin, R. and Nicholson, B., 2014. Corporate Social Responsibility in Global IT Outsourcing: A
Case Study of Inter-firm Collaboration. In Information Systems Outsourcing (pp. 431-
449). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Carroll, A.B., 2015. Corporate social responsibility. Organizational dynamics, 44(2), pp.87-96.
Choi, Y.J., 2017. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a World Cultural Norm? A
Comprehensive Analysis of Global CSR Governance (Doctoral dissertation, George
Mason University).
Christensen, L.J., Mackey, A. and Whetten, D., 2014. Taking responsibility for corporate social
responsibility: The role of leaders in creating, implementing, sustaining, or avoiding
socially responsible firm behaviors. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(2),
pp.164-178.
Crane, A., Matten, D. and Spence, L.J., 2013. Corporate social responsibility in a global context
Fabrizi, M., Mallin, C. and Michelon, G., 2014. The role of CEO’s personal incentives in driving
corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 124(2), pp.311-326.
Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2015. The impact of corporate social responsibility on investment
recommendations: Analysts' perceptions and shifting institutional logics. Strategic
Management Journal, 36(7), pp.1053-1081..
Parra, C.M., Tremblay, M. and Castellanos, A., 2016. Visualizing Term Eigenvector Prominence
in a Corporate Social Responsibility Context. Journal on Advances in Theoretical and
Applied Informatics, 2(2), pp.31-37.
11
11
References:
Babin, R. and Nicholson, B., 2014. Corporate Social Responsibility in Global IT Outsourcing: A
Case Study of Inter-firm Collaboration. In Information Systems Outsourcing (pp. 431-
449). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Carroll, A.B., 2015. Corporate social responsibility. Organizational dynamics, 44(2), pp.87-96.
Choi, Y.J., 2017. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a World Cultural Norm? A
Comprehensive Analysis of Global CSR Governance (Doctoral dissertation, George
Mason University).
Christensen, L.J., Mackey, A. and Whetten, D., 2014. Taking responsibility for corporate social
responsibility: The role of leaders in creating, implementing, sustaining, or avoiding
socially responsible firm behaviors. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(2),
pp.164-178.
Crane, A., Matten, D. and Spence, L.J., 2013. Corporate social responsibility in a global context
Fabrizi, M., Mallin, C. and Michelon, G., 2014. The role of CEO’s personal incentives in driving
corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 124(2), pp.311-326.
Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2015. The impact of corporate social responsibility on investment
recommendations: Analysts' perceptions and shifting institutional logics. Strategic
Management Journal, 36(7), pp.1053-1081..
Parra, C.M., Tremblay, M. and Castellanos, A., 2016. Visualizing Term Eigenvector Prominence
in a Corporate Social Responsibility Context. Journal on Advances in Theoretical and
Applied Informatics, 2(2), pp.31-37.
11
CSR POLICES AND RESPONSIBILTIES OF MICROSOFT
12
Pedersen, E.R.G. ed., 2015. Corporate social responsibility. Sage.
PRIDE, A.D., 2015. Corporate social responsibility. balance, 11(8,213,916), pp.11-604.
Servaes, H. and Tamayo, A., 2013. The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value:
The role of customer awareness. Management Science, 59(5), pp.1045-1061.
Suliman, A.M., Al-Khatib, H.T. and Thomas, S.E., 2016. Corporate Social Responsibility.
Corporate Social Performance: Reflecting on the Past and Investing in the Future, p.15.
Tai, F.M. and Chuang, S.H., 2014. Corporate social responsibility. Ibusiness, 6(03), p.117.
Wagner, T., Lutz, R.J. and Weitz, B.A., 2013, May. Corporate hypocrisy: Overcoming the threat
of inconsistent corporate social responsibility perceptions. American Marketing
Association.
Zhu, Y., Sun, L.Y. and Leung, A.S., 2014. Corporate social responsibility, firm reputation, and
firm performance: The role of ethical leadership. Asia Pacific Journal of Management,
31(4), pp.925-947.
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12
Pedersen, E.R.G. ed., 2015. Corporate social responsibility. Sage.
PRIDE, A.D., 2015. Corporate social responsibility. balance, 11(8,213,916), pp.11-604.
Servaes, H. and Tamayo, A., 2013. The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value:
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