Tourism Management Research Review

This assignment requires a review and analysis of recent academic research in the field of tourism management. The provided list of sources covers various aspects of tourism, including sustainable practices, visitor attraction management, human resource challenges, website evaluation, and the influence of Generation Y on tourism trends. Students are expected to synthesize information from these papers to demonstrate their understanding of current research directions and key findings within the tourism management field.

Visitor Attraction
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Overlap of visitor attractions in relation to types of attraction.............................................3
1.2 Importance of visitor attractions..........................................................................................4
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Evaluation of needs and motivations of various visitor types...............................................6
2.2 Impacts of tourism on visitor attractions in London.............................................................7
2.3 Effect of different theories of tourist motivation on management of visitor attractions.......7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
Covered in PPT...........................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
4.1 Various visitor management strategies................................................................................8
4.2 Evaluation of management techniques in relation to sustainability.....................................9
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Visitor attraction management is all about how to attract their customers in travel and
tourism industry or the way of managing all the essential activities occurring in the tourism
sector. Basically visitor attraction management is the term which describe the responsibility of
planning all the strategies by which a customer get attracted towards creative ideas of tourism
industry. In fact tourism industry trying to adopt various attractive policies to make their clients
more comfortable like they make sure that they will not face any problems while travelling by
providing more and more facilities (Witt, 2013). Basically its not easy to manage the visitor
attraction management because of their broad nature. In other words this report shows the impact
of visitor attraction management on development and growth of the society and adoption of
various techniques to manage visitor attraction in travel and tourism industry. Also highlighting
the various types of attracting visitor or how to managing all these things.
TASK 1
1.1 Overlap of visitor attractions in relation to types of attraction.
Attractions is the term which is the key element of tourism industry because attractions
is the major and foremost aspect to run their business effectively as visitor attraction is not an
easy task. Due to the emergence of many tourist competitors as a tourism consultant for a
national tourism agency of Britain an agency try to adopt various techniques to catch the
attention of public by designing their tourist place by using many creative ideas to attract the
visitor attraction (Buckley, 2013).
Some of the main types to attract many more tourist
 Natural beauty:- Most of the people get attracted towards natural beauty because
of their attractive features and view as lots of tourist attracted towards simplicity
of the place. For example beaches, islands, national parks, hilly area like
mountains and forests these are the some of natural beauty which shows the
beauty of the nature which catches the attention of public.
 Historical places:- Mainly historical places are depend on the past stories or any
past incident which was happened earlier or kind of sacrifices done by leading
kings and organizations for making bright future of their public and society
(Williams, 2011). Most of the people are very curious about to know the histories

because sometime they get inspired from them for example Hadrian's wall,
stourhead, English heritage which attract most of the people because of their past
stories and achievements.
 Economic impact :- Economic impact is all about growth in economy of the
country sometime which also attracted their customers towards their tourist
places. Mainly economy have a greater impact on the travel and tourism industry
due to their
 local market :- sometime local market and their qualitative product attract many
more customers due to which tourism increases. In fact most of the tourist get
attracted towards clothes and innovative product due to their features or quality
which also motivate tourist to travel across the globe so markets also plays a very
indispensable role in attracting customers due to their product quality.
 Museums :- Museums are the place where weapons and necessary items of past
kings and freedom fighters are available which attract the attention of tourist
because of their uniqueness and antique items. Basically previous peoples have a
very different and unique style of living and also having a different dressing style
which is very new for present generations that's why most of the people are very
curious to see the old things due to which they get attracted towards these things.
A s a tourism consultant for a national tourism agency of Britain an organization observes and
consider all the facts through which tourist get attracted so it is very necessary to catch the
attention of public's by using various types of existing ideas to develop their tourism industry.
1.2 Importance of visitor attractions.
Visitor attractions is a very indispensable part because due to which tourism industry can
expand their business across the seas by introducing new and attractive places to their customers
which catch their attention. Basically visitor attractions plays a major role in developing the
overall country effectively and efficiently by promoting their products and quality at
international level. In fact local markets are also somehow depend on the tourist because they
manufacture unique product to attract their customers coming from other country or foreign
clients. The main motive behind the visitor attractions is to garb the tourist attention so that they
can move to some of the certain places to explore or to see new things on holiday (Page, 2014).
Visitor attractions is very indispensable for many more reasons.

 Overseas tourism:- Visitor attractions also necessary to encourage the trade
between more than one country which creates a mutual understanding between
domestic country and foreign (Mason, 2015). Basically due to the attraction of
visitor peaceful relations will also be able to maintain for the growth and
development of an individual and travel industry.
 Promotion of cultural change:- Due to attractions of visitor there is a promotion
in the cultural reforms. Visitor attractions introduce new and attractive culture by
which tourist get attracted towards other over seas culture which resulted in a
change in existing culture or promote the adoption of foreign culture or dressing
style like celebration of valentines day is also a culture of one of the foreign
country but now most of the other country is following this culture because of the
trade between overseas (Leask, 2010).
 Influence the economy :- Due to the attractions of visitor there is a greater impact
on the economy of the country because of increasing in the tourism industry
economy also get affected like establishment of new ventures across the globe to
expand their existing business. Basically visitor attractions creates an employment
opportunity because of their broad concept.
 Generate foreign revenues:- Because of the visitor attractions there is increase in
foreign revenues due to the increase in business relation with foreign countries.
Basically this term foreign revenues describe the effective role of visitor and
expansion of domestic business over the seas which resulted in generate the large
amount of foreign revenues.
So all the above points shows the importance of visitor attractions in today's world which means
due to the visitor attractions there is a lot of changes and positive things occurs which encourage
the trade between domestic and foreign clients (Buhalis, 2010). Mainly last but not least visitor
attractions plays a very effective role in realising the importance of travel and tourism industry
which means simply the main purpose of visitor attractions is to promote a tourism at
international level by explaining the effective and efficient role of that.

TASK 2
2.1 Evaluation of needs and motivations of various visitor types.
Needs and motivations of different visitor types is the term which describes the needs of
different kinds of visitor which means it shows their requirement for travelling or simply define
their motive behind roam across the globe. Tourist is an individual who want to travel away from
their house for some business work or any other task for more than 24 hours but less than one
year (Law, 2010).
Various types of visitor
 Business and professional visitors:- Business and professional tourist are those
visitors who move from one place to another for some business and professional
work or to attend some professional meeting. Basically the main motive of
business tour is to expand their business or organization across the globe to learn
new and innovative ideas or to see different culture.
 Leisure and vacations tourists:- Leisure ans vacations tour are the the holidays
specially in some specific months like summer vacations or winter vacations to
enjoy the moment with their family members (Kusluvan, and et. al., 2010).
Basically leisure activities are the task which happened in free time for relaxation
of mind and body.
 Youth tourists :- Youth tourists are the group of peoples whom can plan their tour
just to enjoy with their friends or close ones. Specially youth tourists are couples
or any friends groups which go for the holiday with their friend circle just to
spend some quality times with their dear ones.
Basically the needs and motivations of different types of visitors comes from their inner motive
which means some of the tourist are self motivated to roam here and there across the world.
Whereas some of the tourist travel according to their needs like business need, safety and
security, social needs like love or any relatives, education, sometime to buy something
innovative product which comes under personal need also create a need and motivated towards
travelling (Gössling, and et. al., 2011)

2.2 Impacts of tourism on visitor attractions in London
London is one of the greatest city consist of various attractive destinations it means
London is a famous city across the globe which attract large number of customers due to their
destinations quality. Basically there is a greater impact of tourism in London because of their
broad concept due to the availability of many museums and attractive points existing in London.
Most of the tourist come for relaxation and to feel the peace of destination. Tourism is often
seasonal and their impacts also comes times time (George, 2010).
Some of the major impact of tourism on visitor attractions in London.
 Environmental impacts:- Environmental factors have negative as well as
positive impact in London. Like the negative impact is sometime air
pollution emerges due to the transportation of tourist which affects the
environment. Whereas the positive impact is to get updated about the
existing environmental behaviour.
 Social and cultural impacts :- Social and cultural impacts describes the
creation of friendly relation between peoples of two different cultures
which creates a mutual understanding or peaceful environment. Basically
social and cultural impacts encourage the positive relations between
tourist and people living there (Garrod, and et. al., 2012).
 Economic impacts:- Usually economic impacts is seen as a emergence of
employment opportunities due to the growth in tourism sector. In fact the
economy of London have a greater impact on them by developing overall
infrastructure of the city. Mainly it ensure that tourism have a major
impact on economy of the London (Clarke, 2013).
Tourism is a very broad concept because of that it have a greater impact in London due to which
most of the existing factors get affected either in positive or negative impact. Basically because
of the city attractive places most of the tourist get attracted due to their natural quality. In other
words as a tourism consultant with a national tourism agency it was observed that London have a
major impact by travel and tourism.
2.3 Effect of different theories of tourist motivation on management of visitor attractions
Tourist motivations is a term which describe the factors which influence an individual to
travel or motivation is a kind of pushing a person to roam across the globe or at international

level. Basically the main and foremost motive of tourist is to visit from one place to another just
to enjoy their vacations. Theories within tourism is not an easy to explain as it is a very difficult
task to understood the various motivation theories under tourism (Campbell, 2012).
Some of the theories of tourist motivation are:-
 Response theory
 Modeling Iso-Ahola's motivation theory
 Smart theory
 Maslow hierarchy theory specially it comes under motivational theory of tourist.
 Push and pull theory
These above theory have a greater impact on the tourist motivation on management of
visitor attraction like due to these above theories an individual get motivated towards travelling
because of the effective management in attracting their visitors. As a tourism consultant it was
prescribe that theories plays a very useful role in managing the visitor attractions by motivating
them to travel over the seas ( Stonehouse, 2012). Mainly it is not that much tough to understand
the role of motivational theories in fact it covers all the essential aspects of tourism industry and
their major effect. In other words due to the broad concept theories of tourist motivation attract
the many millions of individuals and groups which encourages the travel and tourism industry by
making more attractive all the visiting places. Basically motivation is a term through which a
person get motivated by considering various tourist motivation theory.
Mainly motivational theories in tourism simply defines the way or path of motivating an
individual towards attractive place or to attract them with the quality of that particular place.
Simply due to the advancement of world tourism also increases day by day due to the increase in
promotion of catchy and unique places which motivated tourist to see that places (Evans, 2012)
TASK 3
Covered in PPT
TASK 4
4.1 Various visitor management strategies.
Visitor management strategies means preparing a plan for the managing of existing
tourist and upcoming visitors. Basically to handle overall tourism or travel agency appropriate
and effective strategy must required to perform all the activities which comes under visitor

management (Coghlan, 2012). In fact for effective working of every tourism organization
appropriate strategy must be prepared.
There are some of the useful strategy for various visitor management
 The first and foremost strategy is to manage the proper supply of tourism or try to
grab all the possible opportunities of a tourist. In fact tourism consist of very
broad nature or it is a very broad concept which requires a proper planning
process before executing all the plan regarding tourism activities (Cellini, 2011).
 Accurate estimation :- visitor management needs to estimate accurate result by
comparing past and present situation. Basically accuracy shows the upcoming
errors and mistakes while managing the different types of tourist.
 Availability of appropriate data and information:- Before managing the visitor
there must be gather all the compulsory data and information.
So to proper functioning of visitor management travel and tourism agency must prepare an
effective strategies to achieve their target.
4.2 Evaluation of management techniques in relation to sustainability
Management techniques means all the relevant tactics which was make available to solve
the various emerging issues in travel and tourism industry. Basically sustainable development
involves all the relevant factors like economical, legal and social objectives. In fact management
techniques is the appropriate methods of fulfilling the present needs by making sure that it must
be available for future also without compromising present generations. Mainly sustainable
development is more concerned about savings for future generations. In other words tourism is
never going be completely sustainable because of their drastic nature which means tourism is not
easy to make a sustainable due to their changing scenario daily in fact it depend on the customers
taste and preferences (Laesser, 2014)
Some of the management methods in response to sustainability
 Economic sustainability:- Economic sustainability is all about the development
and growth of tourism across the globe by encouraging growth for future
generations also. Mainly main focus of economic sustainability is about to
establish a new business and ventures across the globe for future generations.
 Social:- Social sustainability based upon society oriented which means they
believe in developing the overall society by expanding the tourism sector (Bieger,

2014). In fact social is more concerned about society benefit because overall
tourism company is mainly depend upon the society as if there is a upliftment of
all the sections of society then automatically there is a chance of social
sustainability. The main motive of this is to expand the business and develop them
for the betterment of society (Beritelli, 2014).
So last but not the least sustainable development in tourism sectors shows the various techniques
or methods of executing all the plan and activities which become beneficial for overall economic
and social development.
CONCLUSION
This report consist of all the relevant facts and figures whatever is required in travel and tourism
industry because of the broad concept of this sector. Basically it consist all the things whatever is
indispensable while attracting various kinds of tourist by adopting attractive policies by
motivating millions of customers at international level. In fact reports throwing some light on
visitors attractions by explaining their reasons behind travelling according to their choices by
acquiring appropriate data and information. At the end by concluding this its consider all the
relevant factors and essential tools whatever is mandatory while attracting visitor and covers all
the issues comes under tourism sector.
REFERENCES
Books and Journals

Beritelli, P., Bieger, T and Laesser, C., 2014. The new frontiers of destination management:
Applying variable geometry as a function-based approach. Journal of Travel Research,
53.(4). pp.403-417.
Cellini, R., 2011. Is UNESCO recognition effective in fostering tourism? A comment on Yang,
Lin and Han. Tourism management, 32.(2). pp.452-454.
Coghlan, A., 2012. Facilitating reef tourism management through an innovative importance-
performance analysis method. Tourism Management, 33.(4). pp.767-775.
Evans, N., Stonehouse, G and Campbell, D., 2012. Strategic management for travel and tourism.
Taylor & Francis.
Garrod, B and et. al., 2012. Engaging residents as stakeholders of the visitor attraction. Tourism
Management, 33.(5). pp.1159-1173.
George, R., 2010. Visitor perceptions of crime-safety and attitudes towards risk: The case of
Table Mountain National Park, Cape Town. Tourism Management, 31.(6). pp.806-815.
Gössling, S., and et. al., 2011. Food management in tourism: Reducing tourism’s carbon
‘foodprint’. Tourism Management, 32.(3). pp.534-543.
Kusluvan, S and et . al., 2010. The human dimension: A review of human resources management
issues in the tourism and hospitality industry. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 51(2),
pp.171-214.
Law, R., Qi, S and Buhalis, D., 2010. Progress in tourism management: A review of website
evaluation in tourism research. Tourism management, 31.(3). pp.297-313.
Leask, A., 2010. Progress in visitor attraction research: Towards more effective management.
Tourism management, 31.(2). pp.155-166.
Leask, A., Fyall, A and Barron, P., 2014. Generation Y: An agenda for future visitor attraction
research. International Journal of Tourism Research, 16.(5). pp.462-471.
Mason, P., 2015. Tourism impacts, planning and management. Routledge.
Page, S., 2011. Tourism management: An introduction. Routledge.
Page, S.J., 2014. Tourism management. Routledge.
Swarbrooke, J and Page, S.J., 2012. Development and management of visitor attractions.
Routledge.
Waligo, V.M., Clarke, J and Hawkins, R., 2013. Implementing sustainable tourism: A multi-
stakeholder involvement management framework. Tourism management, 36, pp.342-
353.
Weidenfeld, A., Butler, R and Williams, A.W., 2011. The role of clustering, cooperation and
complementarities in the visitor attraction sector. Current Issues in Tourism, 14.(7).
pp.595-629.
Witt, S.F., Brooke, M.Z and Buckley, P.J., 2013. The Management of International Tourism
(RLE Tourism). Routledge.