Biosecurity Threats in Australia: Impact on Human and Animal Health

This report discusses the concept of biosecurity threats in Australia and their impact on human and animal health. It explores the role of government agencies in dealing with these threats and describes the methods used for monitoring and surveillance. The report also highlights the importance of biosecurity in preventing the spread of harmful organisms.

Report
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Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
Role of government agencies...........................................................................................................4
Surveillance and Monitoring process involved...............................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
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INTRODUCTION
Biosecurity is based on the concept that can define as measurement which aimed at
preventing the introduction and reduce spread of harmful organism such as bacteria, virus to
animal, plants. In order to minimise the risk, threat of transmission of infectious diseases. In
Australia, there are various kind of pest, diseases threat such as human disease, LHDs, influenza,
plaque and potential tree based infectious (Pawson, Sullivan and Grant, 2020). These are
considered the commonly spreading threat or disease with in the biosecurity. It is important to
control or maintain in proper manner otherwise, it will become harmful for other animals,
humans etc.
In Australia, it has been identified the Avian influenza which recently been detected on
the poultry farm. Unfortunately, it is directly affecting the human being, wide spread culling that
follow show how much economic as well as social impact on the individual farmer (Kruger El
Hassan and Kancans, 2020). This type of influenza is not only harmful for animals but also
affecting on the human health condition. Many farmers might suffer if there are future disease
outbreaks due to Influenza among animals. Therefore, it is directly transmitted from animal to
human, human to animals.
In this report, it will discuss about the concept of biosecurity pest or disease threat in
Australia, identifying its significant impact on the human, animals. This documentation will
describe about different government agencies involves in dealing threat or risk. That’s why,
consideration of Biosecurity help for eliminating harmful risks. Furthermore, it will identify the
different method or technique used for monitoring current situation or condition.
Role of government agencies
Different Australian government agencies dealing with threat of avian influenza and best way to
prevent infection. Generally, infected birds shed Avian Influenza virus in their saliva. If in case
Human being interact with bird that can happen when virus get into person’s eyes, mouth or is
inhaled (Carnegie and Nahrung, 2019). There are lot of people who work within poultry farm
and respond to avian influenza outbreaks. Therefore, government start with awareness program
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or event and advised to follow recommend biodiversity and infection control practices. In this
way, it help for individual people to use appropriate protective equipment’s and focus on the
carefully maintain a proper hygiene.
Additionally, government recommends that individual people needs to be responding
towards poultry outbreak and take all essential precaution to protect themselves. Australian
government agencies are providing the temporary based vaccination that will help for couple of
time but it can reduce the major risk, threat of infections.
 Australian government has been launched as avian influenza website which provides all
kind of generation information or data. it including the fact sheets and links to identify
the current health alert news (Kruger El Hassan and Kancans, 2020). This type of
program is becoming helpful for individual people, poultry farmer to protect or secure
themselves.
 Department of health agencies provide the option of frequently asked question. This can
help to interact with common public and resolve their doubts regarding prevention.
 World organization for animal health provide the regular updates, information and other
alerts. Sometimes, it includes a range of scientific information on the influenza and their
issues related the pandemic.
 Federal Government has been released the Australian management plan for influenza
which provide general information on the basis of national plan in place for Australian
response. If any kind of outbreak occurs (Kruger El Hassan and Kancans, 2020). Usually,
government agencies are concerned about the effective plan that can support for handling
all kind of information or detailed such as strategies implemented during pandemic,
assigned role of committees, categorized into different groups, diagnostic testing,
surveillance, disease control measures and communication strategies.
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Surveillance and Monitoring process involved
Monitoring refers to the dynamic and continuous process of gathering or collecting large
amount data regarding threat of influenza, determinants in the Australian population over defined
specific time intervals. On the other hand, Surveillance is based on the process which become
more intensive form of data or information recording than monitoring.
Australian Government agencies are considered both monitoring, surveillance approach
within investigation of health threats related Avian influenza. These methods are vital
capabilities for consideration as effective health system (Kambey and et.al., 2020). A systematic
monitoring of serious avian influenza infectious diseases and other conditions are typically
achieved through legislation. This can happen on the basis of clinical observation and
confirmation from laboratory side. Different clinical surveillance provide the systematic way to
collect or gather large amount of information such as symptoms, causes, complications.
Sometimes, it may extend to the analysis and reporting of risk factors.
In Australia, Clinical surveillance are becoming consider as passive system that may
enhance by community strategies. Afterwards, it will identify wide range of individual people
including non-medical personnel.
Benefits and Advantage
An effective surveillance and monitoring method has rapidly emerging the disease and
ensure that they are identified and also reported to the government agency or other authorities
(Melly and Hanrahan, 2020). In this way, it should maintain flexibility within different clinical
procedure.
The Limitation
Most common limitation is that when it comes in passive system that can only identify
causes when patient seek any kind of medical assistance, come into contact with complex health
care system. There are lack of affordable access to health system which may become
underestimate the burden of disease while it also falling to outbreak its goal or objective.
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CONCLUSION
In above discussion, it has concluded that Biosecurity is consider as important aspects in
prevention of threat, diseases and pest. In this way, it can measure the different categories of
threat and also reducing the spread of harmful organism such as bacteria, virus to animal, plants.
In this report, it has been analysed the biosecurity concept which is mainly used in the
control of pest or disease threat, identifying their significant impact on the animals, human and
so on. This documentation can be identified that different government agencies involves in
dealing threat or risk. it provide the best facilities and service of farmer who have already poultry
business, majorly involvement or interact with birds. Therefore, it has been increased the chances
to transmission of infection from animal to human being. Moreover, this report has described
about the method or technique used for purpose of monitoring and tracking overall significant
impact of diseases within animal or human.
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REFERENCES
Book and Journals
Carnegie, A.J. and Nahrung, H.F., 2019. Post-border forest biosecurity in Australia: Response to
recent exotic detections, current surveillance and ongoing needs. Forests. 10(4). p.336.
Kambey, C.S. and et.al., 2020. An analysis of the current status and future of biosecurity
frameworks for the Indonesian seaweed industry. Journal of Applied Phycology. pp.1-14.
Kruger, H., El Hassan, M and Kancans, R., 2020. Understanding general surveillance for
biosecurity as a system.
Melly, D. and Hanrahan, J., 2020. Tourist biosecurity awareness and risk mitigation for outdoor
recreation: management implications for Ireland. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and
Tourism. 31. p.100313.
Pawson, S.M., Sullivan, J.J. and Grant, A., 2020. Expanding general surveillance of invasive
species by integrating citizens as both observers and identifiers. Journal of Pest Science.
93(4). pp.1155-1166.
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