Report On Significance Of Management & Motivational Theories | M&S

ACADEMIC RESEARCH &
WRITING

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Academic research and writing reflects a detailed knowledge regarding a particular
aspect of learning. It helps in gaining an insight understanding about the major theories and its
practical implementation in the present scenario. It plays a crucial role in analysing the
theoretical concepts of learning with its practical application. The present report elaborates the
significance of management and motivational theories in the organisation and its functional
application to achieve the company's goal. The report also focuses on the importance of
employee engagement and the techniques adopted to implement such strategy. It highlights the
major tools used by M&S to engage its employees in the workplace.
TASK 1
Summarising the theory of Douglas McGregor.
Douglas McGregor is a famous psychologist and the founder of X-Y theory. He proposed
his famous theory in the book ' The Human Side of Enterprise'. It mainly focuses on establishing
an effective organisational goal along with implementing a positive and strong organisational
culture. It significantly emphasises in developing such management and motivational techniques,
which helps the company to gain a global exposure in the hyper competitive environment.
According to his X-Y theory, Douglas tries to focus about two major styles of leadership
and management which are the authoritarian style of management and the participative style of
management (Douglas mcgregor - theory x y, 2016). Theory X briefly explains the authoritarian
style. With context to such technique of management, the organisation is governed by one major
leader who attains the monopoly in making all the rules and regulations of the company. Such
leader implements the strategies and the decisions without involving its workers and the staff
(Pak, Luo and Yang, 2015). It only orders its employees to work in the direction provided by
him. Consequent to this, the supervisors and its co workers are filled with a strong sense of
dissatisfaction from the workplace. The leader treats its employees as a major cost to the
company rather than valuing them as a core asset for the company. As a result, the employees are
forced to quit their job because they get frustrated with the workload and do not get any friendly
culture to work. This creates negative impact on the minds of workers and a bad impression on
the company's brand image.
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Furthermore, McGregor listed three essential managerial roles responsible for
organisation's success. Starting with organisation, the company focuses on gathering materials,
money, people and equipment to accomplish its goals and objectives. Thereafter, the
organisation directs its employees through proper training, motivation and instructions in order
to provide them with positive mind set to achieve the company's success in an effective way.
Finally the management of the company monitors the overall behaviour and attitude of its
workforce and renders them with effective rewards or punishments based upon their performance
in order to maintain the effectiveness of their role within the organisation. However, McGregor
argued that management of the company can adopt two approaches within their work-area in
order to accomplish a harmonious and strong relationship in the organisation. These approaches
are either to be firm or to be gentle depending upon the situations. The gentle approach is
implemented in order to achieve total coordination and cooperation among its workforce whereas
firm approach is undertaken with a view to get the work done on proper time but this approach
results in negative impression on the minds of its employees and decreases the overall outcome
of individual within the workplace. Therefore, the organisation should consider both the merits
and demerits of each approaches and should then implement an effective measure which assist it
towards the direction of achieving organisation's success in an appropriate way.
TASK 2
Money is the key to employee engagement
Employee engagement reflects the degree of people's satisfaction and enjoyment in the
business environment. It plays a vital role in achieving organisation success. It mainly
emphasises on assessing the employee’s needs and treat them as the assets of the company rather
than the cost to the company. This helps the staff to work beyond its normal routine which
results in improving business operations. In this era of globalisation, it has become an important
aspect for every organisation to focus on its employee engagement in order to bring out the best
results from the employees. In order to gain the competitive advantage from across the globe, the
company makes use of its most important primary source of human resource. This helps the
company to achieve the heights of success and survive long in the hyper competitive
environment.
The most important key which drives employee engagement towards the direction of
success is “Money”. It is that phenomenon which motivates an individual to work beyond its
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