Reproduction: Menstrual Cycle, Fertilisation, Pregnancy and Birth

REPRODUCTION

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Part A: The menstrual cycle and its control...........................................................................1
Part B: Fertilisation, pregnancy and birth...............................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Reproduction is defined as the production of offspring. In this, there are two main aspect of
reproduction which include sexual and asexual. In this, the sexual reproduction is defined as the
organism is combine with the genetic information which is associated with the parents and
transfer to the other with the base of genetically unique way. As per this, the asexual
reproduction, the one parents are carry a fact of copy itself to form a genetically identical
offspring. In this report, the discussion is based on two parts which may include the menstrual
cycle and their control with the help of hormone. In this, the other is elaborate about the aspect of
fertilisation, pregnancy and the birth (Duarte and et. al., 2020).
MAIN BODY
Part A: The menstrual cycle and its control
Male reproductive organs with functions
The male reproductive system is usually located outside the body. As per this, the
external organ majorly include penis, scrotum and testicles. Moreover, the internal organ include
vas deferens, prostrate and the urethra. In this, the male reproductive organ is usually responsible
for the sexual function and also used in urination. The male reproductive system is completely
depending upon the hormone. There is some chemical factor which help to regulate the activity
of the cell or any organs. The hormone which is involve with male reproductive organ is follicle
stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone and the testosterone.
There are some of the organ which is have essential role in body include:
Vas deferens: This is long tube which is travel from epididymis to pelvic cavity. They
are helpful in the transportation of sperm to the urethra in formation for ejaculation.
Ejaculatory duct: These duct is usually form due to the fusion of vas deferens and
seminal vesicle.
Urethra: This organ is helpful in carrying the urine from the bladder to external part. In
males, it has extra purpose include ejaculating the sperm when orgasm is achieved.
Seminal vesicle: This is sac like structure which is attach with vas deferens that provide
sperm with the basis of energy and help with spermatozoa ability to take movement called factor
of motility (Dubol and et. al., 2021).
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Prostate gland: The prostate gland play role in the fluid which is ejaculate. The fluid is
also helpful to nurture the sperm.
Bulbourethral gland: The bulbourethral gland of the Cowper’s gland located on the side
of the urethra. The gland is produce a clear slippery fluid that empties directly attach to the
urethra. They also help to neutralise acidity that may be current due to the remaining drop of
urine in the core aspect of organ name urethra.
Figure 1 Male reproductive organ
Female reproductive organs with functions
The female reproductive system usually provide number of functional which include
production of ovaries called egg cells. There are external and internal organs of the reproductive
organ which include:
Labia majora: Allow to defend other external reproductive organ. Through adolescence
hair development occur on the skin of the labia majora.
Labia minora: The skin is delicate and easily swallow.
Bartholin glands: These glands are located next towards the vaginal opening on each side and
produce mucus.
Clitoris: The two labia minor meet a point called clitoris, sensitive protrusion which have
taking comparison to the penis in males.
Vagina: The vagina is defining as the canal which help to join the cervix to the outside of
body and also named birth canals (Merklinger-Gruchala and et. al., 2017).
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