Impact of motivation on job performance of employees

This research examines the impact of motivation on job performance of employees in Gap Inc. It aims to identify the importance of employee motivation within the organization, examine the ways in which motivation impacts job performance, and determine strategies for enhancing employee motivation.

Research Methodologies
(Submission 1)

Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................3
Background of research...............................................................................................................3
Rationale of Research.................................................................................................................3
Research Aim..............................................................................................................................4
Research Objectives....................................................................................................................4
Research Questions.....................................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................................5
Research Philosophy...................................................................................................................5
Research Approach.....................................................................................................................5
Research Strategies.....................................................................................................................6
Research Choices........................................................................................................................6
Time horizon...............................................................................................................................7
Techniques and procedures.........................................................................................................7
Sampling.....................................................................................................................................7
CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS .................................................................................................9
CHAPTER 4: ETHICS..................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

Title: Impact of motivation on job performance of employees.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Background of research
Motivation is reason for actions of people, objectives and willingness. It is explained as
requirements that needs satisfaction. They could be desires or wants which acquired by impact of
culture, lifestyle and the society. Motivation helps management to meet with goals of firm.
Without motivation, firm could be placed in risky position. Motivated staff members can lead to
enhanced productivity and permit company to attain high output level. Motivation is more
powerful energy that mainly excites and drives the staff members that results in more
contribution. Setting and attain objectives, recognition, clear expectations and feedback that
encouraging management to enhance workplace motivation (Flick, 2015). Motivating the staff
members is helpful in enhancing the productivity and profitability of business. The motivated
staff members are hard working, dedicated and also produce more. It is helpful in improving
work quality and the business performance. Gap. Inc. is an American clothing and accessories
retailer. This was founded in year 1969 through Doris F. Fisher and Donald Fisher and
headquarter is in California. This organisation operated in six main divisions and largest retailer
in United States. Gap Inc. motivate the employees regarding performing the work in a better
manner and attaining set aim within given time period. Staff members of Gap Inc. who volunteer
are engaged at workplace, stay company twice as long and promoted more frequently. This
company provides the training to its staff members so that their skills and core competencies can
be enhanced and they will work effectively to attaining the aim and objectives.
Rationale of Research
Present research is based on impact of motivation on job performance of employees.
Employee motivation is necessary at workplace because this helps an investigator to performing
the activities effectively and focus on getting the positive outcomes. The researcher mainly
conduct an investigation in personal and professional context. In the personal context, an leader
wants to gain the better understanding as well as in-depth information about the employee
motivation. It can be analysed that through conducting present investigation, learner can know
that which ways company can be adopt to motivate employees so that they can focus on attaining
the set objectives within the given period of time (Gioia, Corley and Hamilton, 2013). This

helps in increasing the productivity and profitability of business. In the professional context,
learner can enhance the research skill and analytical skills so that it can able to conduct the
similar kind of information in future.
Research Aim
The aim of this research is “To examine the impact of motivation on job performance of
employees.” A study on Gap Inc.
Research Objectives
 To identify importance of employee motivation within organisation.
 To examine the impact of motivation on job performance of employees in Gap Inc.
 To determine the different ways through which employees motivation can be enhanced.
Research Questions
 What is the importance of employee motivation within organisation?
 How motivation impact on job performance of employees in Gap Inc.?
 What are the various ways by which employees motivation can be enhanced?

CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methodology gives theoretical underpinning to understand about the effective method,
Research methodology refers to particular techniques that used to determine, choose and analyse
information and data related to specific subject area. It allows learner to evaluate critically
overall reliability as well as validity of study. It is one of the systematic way to solve issue. Study
of the research methodology gives required training to selecting materials, methods and scientific
tools which are relevant for chosen issue (Green, Camilli and Elmore, 2012). It summarise
accomplishments an investigator that wishes to attain by project and gives the direction to study.
There has been research onion used that developed by Saunders et. al., 2007. This explains
stages by which an investigator should passes when developing better methodology. Research
onion define ways of conducting an investigation. Data is regarded main piece in framework of
research onion. Different stages included in research onion mention below:
Research Philosophy
It is first layer in research onion that has do with set of the beliefs concerned to nature of
the reality that is being investigated. This can varied on research objectives and on better way
that may be used to attain objectives. There are interpretivism and positivism research
philosophies. The positivism philosophy comes up with the research questions as well as
hypothesis which can be examined as well as measured. It is based on idea that the scientific
knowledge is acceptable knowledge and characterised through testing hypothesis that derived
from existing knowledge theory. On the other hand, interpretivism philosophy emphasis use of
the qualitative analysis over the quantitative analysis in order to obtain outcomes (Kumar, 2019).
In conducting the present investigation, there will be positivism research philosophy used
as it is based on the quantitative method and provide positive outcomes. The main reason behind
using this philosophy is that research generated through philosophical stance can be replicated
through some other investigators with same or quantifiable outcomes arising from the statistical
analysis.
Research Approach
It is second layer of research onion demonstrate approached which an investigator could
be resort to conducting any kind of investigation. Deductive and inductive are two different
research approaches (Mackenzie and et. al., 2012). The deductive approach tends to flow from

the generic to specific. An investigator using the deductive reasoning would be begin with theory
and move on towards research questions which is being tested by data collection. On the other
hand, inductive approach is used when there is less research available on topic. An investigator
move to opposite direction from research questions and also explanation to analysis before
getting on theory.
In conducting the present investigation, there will be deductive research approach used as
it is more effective and providing the quantitative information. It mainly uses the questionnaire
to develop better observation understanding that allows to compare the various understanding of
people by using the empirical data (Wiek and Lang, 2016). Collection of data assists to accept or
reject questions and process can repeated.
Research Strategies
It is third layer of research onion that is related with how an investigator plan to gather
the data for conducting an investigation. Survey, questionnaire, focus group, interview and other
are the different research strategies. In conducting the present investigation, there will be survey
as research strategy used as it is time saving as well as cost saving method (Mackey and Gass,
2015). Survey results from the deductive approach and also capable of gathering the more data
that is apt for the statistical analysis. Collection of data is helpful in providing research
hypothesis or questions in the cost effective way.
Research Choices
In the research onion, it is the fourth layer that consists qualitative and quantitative
methodologies. There is a need to researcher to make decisions as to whether select single or
both the methodologies in order to completing the dissertation. Mainly, there are three different
methods to select from working with particular layer of research onion like mono method, mixed
method and multi method. Mono method type takes place when an investigator goes regarding
gathering quantitative or qualitative data on the basis of decisions made on past stages included
in research onion. Mixed method is when an investigator gathers qualitative and quantitative data
with intention to use equally in research, data gathering and also analysis. This is popular
framework that mainly attempts to complement the quantitative data with the qualitative to
overcome from limitations of individual method. Other than this, multi method means analysis of
gathered data is mainly done using single perspective (McCusker and Gunaydin, 2015).

In conducting present investigation, there will be mono method as to choose single
method i.e. quantitative method. It is concerned to the measurement, quantity and numbers. With
the help of using quantitative method, researcher can collect the data and information easily.
Time horizon
The cross- sectional and longitudinal are two different time horizons. Cross- sectional
time horizon present snapshot view of specific condition at single point in time and also confines
data collection duration and conduct investigation in short time period. On the other hand,
longitudinal research type behaviours and events using the concentrated sampled over long time
period.
There will be cross- sectional time horizon used as it examines specific phenomena at
particular time period. One sample of population can be taken and also studied at specific time as
in cross- sectional study (Miller and et. al., 2012).
Techniques and procedures
It is fifth layer in research onion that looks at collection of data and analysis. This is
process of collecting as well as measuring information on the targeted variable in an effective
manner that helps in providing answers to relevant questions. It is necessary to an investigator to
choose the better technique for collection of information. There are primary and secondary two
different method of data collection. Primary method consists gathering the information first time
and from the different sources like interview, questionnaire, focus group and others (Quinlan
and et. al., 2019). On the other hand, secondary method of data collection used by consisting the
different sources for an instance books, articles, journals and internet sources.
In conducting the present investigation, there has been primary method of data collection
used as there is questionnaire developed by consisting different questions regarding impact of
motivation on job performance of employees. Collecting data from this method is beneficial in
time saving as well as the cost saving. Through this method, researcher collects the new and
fresh information.
Sampling
This is process used in the statistical analysis under which predetermined observations
are taken from large population. Probabilistic and non- probabilistic are two different method of
sampling. There will be probabilistic sampling method used as to select the respondents

randomly. Through using the random sampling method, there will be 40 respondents chosen
(Riedl, Davis and Hevner, 2014). The main reason behind using this method is that it gives the
equal chance to the chosen respondents.

CHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS
Data analysis is procedure of applying the logical techniques in order to explain,
condense and examine the data. Necessary competent to assuring the data integrity is accurate as
well as analysis of the research findings. This is systematic approach to investigation at the time
of collected the numerical data or an investigator transforms observed in to the numerical data. In
order to analyse the collected data from questionnaire, there has been thematic analysis tool used.
This is one of the common form to analyse the data (Scotland, 2012). This emphasize on
determining, examining and also interpreting pattern of the meaning within quantitative data. In
this, themes will be developed on the basis of questions mentioned in questionnaire on specific
subject area. The graphs will be developed by using MS- Excel and make the interpretations of
the questions in detailed manner. This will help in provide the opinion of the respondents
regarding specific subject area.

CHAPTER 4: ETHICS
Ethics is concerned with the norms, morals and values which need to be considered while
conducting an investigation. While conducting an investigation, researcher should be assure that
it should collect data and information by getting proper access (Walliman, 2017). The research
area should not harm the feelings and sentiments of people. Other than this, there are some
ethical principles given below which should be followed through researcher while performing an
investigation effectively:
Informed consent- It needs that an investigator and participants should be given the
accurate information regarding an investigation in comprehensive manner (Silverman, 2016).
Protecting anonymity and confidentiality- In this, participants will willing to be
volunteer information, if an investigator agrees to hold the information confidential. It is the
responsibility of research not to leak the information of respondents in front of anyone.
Minimising the risk of harm- It is necessary that research should not harm the
participants, there is possibility that the participants could be put in discomfort position, there
should be the strong justification about it (Tuohy and et. al., 2013).

REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Flick, U., 2015. Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research
project. Sage.
Gioia, D. A., Corley, K. G. and Hamilton, A. L., 2013. Seeking qualitative rigor in inductive
research: Notes on the Gioia methodology. Organizational research methods. 16(1).
pp.15-31.
Green, J. L., Camilli, G. and Elmore, P. B. eds., 2012. Handbook of complementary methods in
education research. Routledge.
Kumar, R., 2019. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage Publications
Limited.
Mackenzie, J., Tan, P. L., Hoverman, S. and Baldwin, C., 2012. The value and limitations of
participatory action research methodology. Journal of hydrology. 474. pp.11-21.
Mackey, A. and Gass, S. M., 2015. Second language research: Methodology and design.
Routledge.
McCusker, K. and Gunaydin, S., 2015. Research using qualitative, quantitative or mixed
methods and choice based on the research. Perfusion. 30(7). pp.537-542.
Miller, T.,and et. al ., 2012. Ethics in qualitative research. Sage.
Quinlan, C. and et.al ., 2019. Business research methods. South Western Cengage.
Riedl, R., Davis, F .D. and Hevner, A. R., 2014. Towards a NeuroIS research methodology:
intensifying the discussion on methods, tools, and measurement. Journal of the
Association for Information Systems. 15(10). p.4.
Scotland, J., 2012. Exploring the philosophical underpinnings of research: Relating ontology and
epistemology to the methodology and methods of the scientific, interpretive, and critical
research paradigms. English language teaching. 5(9). pp.9-16.
Silverman, D. ed., 2016. Qualitative research. Sage.
Tuohy, D. and et.al., 2013. An overview of interpretive phenomenology as a research
methodology. Nurse researcher. 20(6).
Walliman, N., 2017. Research methods: The basics. Routledge.
Wiek, A. and Lang, D. J., 2016. Transformational sustainability research methodology.
In Sustainability science (pp. 31-41). Springer, Dordrecht.

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